英语语言学导论智慧树知到课后章节答案2023年下西安外国语大学

英语语言学导论智慧树知到课后章节答案2023年下西安外国语大学西安外国语大学

第一章测试

Whichfeatureincorporatesthecapacitytotalkmessagesthatareunrelatedtohereandnow.（）

A:Discreteness;

B:Displacement;

C:Arbitrariness;

D:Generosity.

答案:Displacement;

Usuallygrammarisdividedintothecomponentsof（）.

A:conventionandsociology;

B:phoneticsandphonology;

C:semantics.

D:morphologyandsyntax;

答案:phoneticsandphonology;

;semantics.

;morphologyandsyntax;

Althoughlanguagesaredifferentinmanyrespects,suchassoundpatterns,vocabulary,wordorder,thereareimportantgrammaticalprinciplesandfeaturesthatholdcommonlyinallhumanlanguages.()

A:对B:错

答案:对

Whatenablesustoidentifywell-formedsentencesfromnon-sentencesisourgoodlinguisticperformanceinthatlanguageotherthanlinguisticcompetence.()

A:对B:错

答案:错

Thefactthataparrotcanbetaughttoreproducesomehumanspeechsoundsprovesthathumanlanguageisnotuniquetous.()

A:对B:错

答案:错

第二章测试

Howmanymorphemesarethereintheword“frightening”?()

A:two

B:one

C:three

D:four

答案:three

Whichofthefollowingtwo-termsetsshowsthefeatureofcomplementarity?()

A:doctor/patient

B:hot/cold

C:husband/wife

D:single/married

答案:single/married

Theword“man”isanalyzedascomprisingthesemanticfeaturesof[+human,+adult,+male].()

A:错B:对

答案:对

“-tain”inwordslike“maintain”,“sustain”,“retain”isa().

A:freemorpheme

B:boundroot

C:suffix

D:stem

答案:boundroot

Treediagramsareusedtorepresentthelinearstructureofwords.()

A:对B:错

答案:错

第三章测试

Phrasestructurerulesallowustobetterunderstand_____________.()

A:howpeopleproduceandrecognizepossiblesentences

B:whatconstitutesthegrammaticalityofstringsofwords

C:Alloftheabove.

D:howwordsandphrasesformsentences.

答案:Alloftheabove.

Thesentencestructureis________.()

A:bothlinearandhierarchical

B:Onlyhierarchical

C:complex

D:onlylinear

答案:bothlinearandhierarchical

Thesyntacticrulesofanylanguageare____innumber.()

A:large

B:infinite

C:small

D:finite

答案:finite

InEnglishsyntacticanalysis,fourphrasalcategoriesarecommonlyrecognizedanddiscussed,namely,nounphrase,verbphrase,infinitivephrase,andauxiliaryphrase.()

A:错B:对

答案:错

Whatisactuallyinternalizedinthemindofanativespeakerisacompletelistofwordsandphrasesratherthangrammaticalknowledge.()

A:对B:错

答案:错

第四章测试

Reflectedmeaningarisesincasesofmultipleconceptualmeanings,whenonesenseisassociatedwithanothersense.()

A:对B:错

答案:对

Thelexicalrelationshipbetween“bear”and“bare”ishyponymy.()

A:错B:对

答案:错

ThesentenceItishotisaone-placepredication.()

A:错B:对

答案:错

Pragmaticsisthestudyoflanguagemeaning.()

A:对B:错

答案:错

AccordingtoJohnSearle’sclassificationofspeechacts,“hepromisestocometomorrow”is().

A:representative

B:declaration

C:commissive

D:expressive

E:directive

答案:representative

第五章测试

Whichoneisdifferentfromtheothersaccordingtoplaceofarticulation?()

A:[n]

B:[b]

C:[m]

D:[p]

答案:[n]

WhichofthefollowingisNOTafrontvowel?()

A:[i:]

B:[e]

C:[u:]

D:[i]

答案:[u:]

[z]isavoiceless,alveolarfricativeconsonantwhile[j]isapalatalapproximant.()

A:对B:错

答案:错

[p]isavoicedbilabialstop.()

A:错B:对

答案:错

Perceptualphoneticsisconcernedwiththeperceptionofspeechsounds.()

A:错B:对

答案:对

第六章测试

Distinctivefeaturescanbefoundrunningoverasequenceoftwoormorephonemicsegments.Thephonemicfeaturesthatoccurabovethelevelofthesegmentsarecalled().

A:semanticfeatures

B:immediateconstituents

C:phoneticcomponents

D:suprasegmentalfeatures

答案:suprasegmentalfeatures

Howmanymorphemesarethereintheword“discharged”?()

A:2

B:4

C:5

D:3

答案:3

WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutallophoneisNOTcorrect?()

A:Allophonesarelanguagespecific.

B:Allophonesdistinguishmeaning.

C:Allophonesofthesamephonemeareincomplementarydistribution.

D:Allophonesaredifferentformsofthesamephoneme

答案:Allophonesdistinguishmeaning.

Aphonemeinalanguageisadistinctivesoundwhichiscapableofdistinguishingonewordoroneshapeofawordfromanother.()

A:对B:错

答案:对

Phonologyisconcernedwithhowthesoundscanbeclassifiedintodifferentcategories.()

A:错B:对

答案:错

第七章测试

Comparedwithlangue,paroleischaoticandthereforeimpossibletostudy.()

A:对B:错

答案:错

Thecommontypesoflanguagevariationarevariation.()

A:stylistic

B:regional

C:allofabove

D:social

答案:allofabove

WilliamLabov’sNewYorkDepartmentStorestudyisbasicallyaboutregionalvariationoflanguage.()

A:错B:对

答案:错

Languagecontactcouldleadtothedeathofalanguage.()

A:对B:错

答案:对

Whenspeakersfromdifferentlanguagesinteractwitheachother,oneofthenativelanguagesofthespeakerscouldbeusedasalinguafranca.（）

A:错B:对

答案:错

第八章测试

TherearefivemajorstagesinthehistoryofEnglishlanguagechange.()

A:对B:错

答案:对

WhoistheeditorofDictionaryoftheEnglishlanguage?()

A:Beowulf

B:Anglo-Saxon

C:Scandinavian

D:SamuelJohnson

答案:SamuelJohnson

Thelexicalchangeincludes:()

A:theadditionofnewwords

B:changeinlexicalcategory

C:borrowingorLoanWords

D:lossofwords

答案:theadditionofnewwords

;changeinlexicalcategory

;borrowingorLoanWords

;lossofwords

Thewordchangefrom“bathe”to“bath”issyntacticchange()

A:对B:错

答案:错

Changesinalanguagearechangesinthegrammars.（）

A:对B:错

答案:错

第九章测试

Traditionalbehaviouristsviewlanguageasakindofbehaviourandbelievethatlanguagelearningissimplyamatterofimitationandhabitformation.()

A:对B:错

答案:对

Chomskyproposedthathumanbeingsarebornwithaninnateabilityknownas_______.()

A:LanguageAcquisitionDevice,orLAD

B:universalcompetence

C:universalgrammar

D:LanguageDevice

答案:LanguageAcquisitionDevice,orLAD

UnlikeL1acquisition,whichisuniformlysuccessfulacrosschildrenandlanguages,adultsvaryconsiderablyintheirabilitytoacquireanL2completely.()

A:对B:错

答案:对

Whatarethethreeinteractingfactorsindetermininglanguagetransferinsecondlanguagelearning?()

A:Alearner’sactualknowledgeofthetargetlanguage.

B:Alearner’slengthofsecondlanguagelearning.

C:Alearner’spsychology,howalearnerorganizeshisorhernativelanguage.

D:Alearner’sperceptionofnative-targetlanguagedistance.

答案:Alearner’sactualknowledgeofthetargetlanguage.

;Alearner’spsychology,howalearnerorganizeshisorhernativelanguage.

;Alearner’sperceptionofnative-targetlanguagedistance.

Thenativelanguageinfluencesnotonlyoccurasdirectlinguisticreflexesatphonological,lexical,semantic,syntacticalordiscoursallevelsbutalsodirectlyreflectunderlyingorganizationalprinciplesoflanguagesatthecognitivelevel.()

A:错B:对

答案:对

第十章测试

Whichareaoflinguisticsstudiesthecognitiveprocessesofhowweuseourlinguisticcompetenceinspeechproductionandcomprehension?()

A:Psycholinguistics

B:Pragmatics

C:Morphology

D:Semantics

答案:Psycholinguistics

Inpsycholinguisticexperimentswhichofthefollowingisfrequentlyusedasanimportantmeasurementofhowquickapersonrespondstolinguisticsignals.()

A:Responsetime(RT)

B:priming

C:matching

D:ambiguity

答案:Responsetime(RT)

Acentralproblemofspeechperceptionistoexplainhowlistenerscarveupthecontinuousspeechsignalintomeaningfulunit.Thisisreferredtoasthesegmentationproblem.()

A:对B:错

答案:对

InTop-downprocessinglistenersmovestep-by-stepfromtheincomingsignal,tophonemes,morphemes,wordsandphrasesandultimatelytosemanticinterpretation.()

A:对B:错

答案:错

Alistenerwillrespondfasteratmakinglexicaldecisiononrelatedwordssuchasdoctorandnursethanifhejustheardunrelatedwordsuchasdoctorandflower.Thisispossiblybecausewordsinthefirstpairaresemanticallyrelated.()

A:对B:错

答案:对

第十一章测试

ManypeopleusethesearchfeaturesoftheInternettofindinformation.Typically,oneentersakeyword,orperhapsseveral,andmagicallythecomputerreturnsthelocationofWebsitesthatcontaininformationrelatingtothatkey-word.Thisprocessisanexampleof().

A:informationdisclosure

B:informationretrieval

C:informationprocessing

D:informationidentification

答案:informationretrieval

Manycrimesinvolveanonymousrecordedmessagesinwhichitisimportanttoidentifythespeaker.______istheuseofcomputerstoassistinsuchatask,asopposedtoearwitnessing,whichreliesonthejudgmentofhumanlisteners.().

A:Speakerprocessing

B:Speakerwitnessing

C:Speakerretrieval

D:Speakeridentification

答案:Speakeridentification

Thefieldofcomputationallexicographyisconcernednotonlywiththemakingofstandarddictionariesbutalsowiththebuildingofelectronicdictionariesspecificallydesignedforcomputationallinguists.()

A:错B:对

答案:对

Speechsynthesisisatwo-stepprocessinwhichatext-to-speechprogramfirstconvertstexttophonesorotherbasicunitssuchaswordsorsyllables.()

A:对B:错

答案:对

Thecomputationallinguisticsofspeechunderstandingandspeechgenerationhasthesubfieldsofcomputationalphoneticsandphonology,computationalmorphology,computationalsyntax,computationalsemantics,andcomputationalpragmatics.()

A:对B:错

答案:对

第十二章测试

Thehistoryofwritingincludes____.()

A:pictogramsandideograms

B:CuneiformWriting

C:fromhieroglyphicstotheAlphabetwriting

D:theRebusprinciple

答案:pictog