高考英语一轮复习写作指导如何写说明文讲义

2024高考英语一轮复习写作指导·如何写说明文【文体特点】进行阐释，使人们对事物的形态、构造、性质、种类、成因、功能、关系或对事理的概念、特点、来源、演变、异同等有科学的认识。【写作指导】★事物说明文序进行说明。★事理说明文这类说明文应特别注意以下几点：1.说明顺序要合理。事理说明文是阐述事理的，而使用逻辑顺序便于使文章清楚明白，到部分、从概括到具体、从现象到本质、从具体到一般等。2.悉的方法来说明。常用的说明方法包括下定义、举例子、列数字、引用、比较、分类等。3.物的科学性来揭示其本质。【语言积累】★事物说明文一、介绍物品1.词块：looklike...、beusedas/for...、befrom/of...、standforfriendship,andgoodluck、oureasierandconvenient、popularity、offertheconvenienceofmunication、playanimportantrolemodernlife、thebesttoolsfor...、oneofthegreatestinventionshumanhistory...2.句式：●Youcanfind...everywhereyourlife.●...widelyusedourlife.●It...meters/long,...ontop.●Itasbig/as...●pared...,...have...newfunctions.●canhardlyimaginewhatmodernwouldbelikewithout...二、介绍地方1.词块：anationaltreasure、anewlybuiltmodernarchitecture、berichnaturalresources、ahistoryof...yearsahistoricalandculturalcitythefinestrepresentativesoftheworld’slivablecity...2.句式：●Itlocated/situated...●Oppositethe...stands...●Alongtheroadarelinesoftrees,fromwhich...canfindshadefromthehotsun.●Builtthe...century,...haswitnessedtoomuchingandgoinghistory.●...,amustseefortourists,attractingmoreandmoretouristsfromallovertheworld.●...hasmanytouristattractions,suchas...●...wonaworldwidereputationfor...★事理说明文过渡词：firstatfirstfirstlythefirstplacefirstofallbeginwithallthennext、besides、addition、apartfromthatwhat’smorefurthermore、finally、lastbutnotleast...【真题】学校正在组织科技创新大赛，你想为日常生活中某件物品（如钢笔、书包、鞋子……）Magic__________”内容：1.说明设计理由；2.介绍新功能。注意：1.词数不少于120个；2.不能使用真实姓名和学校名称。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________一、审题定调1.文体：说明文；2.时态：以一般现在时为主。二、谋篇布局第一段：简要说明你所设计的物品及设计理由；第二段：详细介绍该物品的功能；第三段：概括总结。三、范文展示MagicSchoolbagnotunusualthatmiddleschoolstudentstodayschoolheavyschoolbags,whichareareallyheavyburdentheirschooleasier,Ihavedesignedanewofschoolbag.schoolbaghasfourwheels,makingpossiblemovearoundfreely.importantly,equippedadvancedtechnology,myschoolbagcanfollowownerautomatically.Furthermore,thesensorsandartificialintelligencesystemmyschoolbagcanwarnownerofthepotentialdangerssuchasapproachingvehiclesandfallingobjects.obviousthatmyschoolbagcannotonlylightentheburdenonstudentsbutalsotheirschoolsafer.Iamconfidentthatbepopularstudents.四、范文点评较多的语法结构和句式（如非谓语动词短语作状语、主语从句等）及高级词汇（如automaticallypotentialdangers、approachingvehicles等），这些因素均提高了其得分档次。【真题】“做客礼仪”1.到达时间；2.合适的礼物；3.餐桌礼仪。注意：1.100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________一、审题定调1.文体：说明文；2.时态：以一般现在时为主。二、谋篇布局第一段：点明主题；第二段：从三个方面介绍做客礼仪；第三段：概括总结。三、范文展示areinvitedafriend’shome,therearerulesthatshouldfollow.beginwith,aresupposedarriveafewminutesearlier,sothatcanhelpthefamilypreparethedinner,whichnotonlymeaningfulbutalsointeresting.Rememberthatshouldn’tbelaterthantheappointedtime.Besides,you’dbetterbringgifts,suchasfruitsoraspecialfood.Finally,whenareenjoyingthemeal,you’dbetternotnoiseswhilechewingfood.I’msure