2023年成都市金牛区考研《英语一》考前冲刺预测试卷含解析

2023年成都市金牛区考研《英语一》考前冲刺预测试卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)OnJuly24,1916,anaturalgasexplosiontrapped32menworkinginatunnel250feetbelowLakeErie.Thefirstrescuerswhoenteredthetunnelwere1bygas,andforhoursnooneelsedaredtoenterthesuffocating(窒息的),2deathtrap.Then,latethatnight,someonehadanidea:3GarrettMorganandhisnewinvention.GarrettMorganwasasuccessful4ownerinCleveland.Thesonoffreedslavesandtheseventhof11children,mechanicallymindedMorganhadopenedhisownsewingmachineshop,whichhesoon5toatailoringfactorywith32employees.Intheearly1900s,factorybuildingswerecrowdedanduntidy.Theywereoften6ofwood,withnofireescapes.Firecouldcauseserious7.Concernedabouthisemployees,Morgan8witha“safetyhood”(头罩)thatwouldallowthewearerto9despiteafire’spoisonoussmoke.Morganknewsmokerisesduringafire.10,hecreatedaheat-resistanthoodwithalongtubereachingtothefloor.WearingMorgan’shood,afirefightercouldbreathethe11airnearthe12Morganlinedthebreathingtubewithasponge-likematerialthatwaswettedbeforeuseto13theair.Asecondtubewasdesignedto14exhaled(呼出的)air.Calledtothesceneonthenightofthetunnelexplosion,Garrettarrivedwithsamplesofhissafetyhood.Stillintheirnightwear,heandhisbrotherFrankputonthehoodsand15enteredthetunnel.Itwasadangerous16oftheinvention,buttheysavedtwolivesand17fourbodiesbeforeofficialsclosedthe18.Morganknewthatmorelivesmighthavebeensavedifhehadbeencalledsooner.Thedaring19madeMorganfamousandbroughtrequestsforsafetyhoodsfromfiredepartmentsaroundthecountry.Buthisgreatest20wasknowingthathisinventionwouldnowsavemorepeople.1、A．lit B．powered C．overcome D．overheated2、A．changeable B．remarkable C．cautious D．poisonous3、A．showoff B．sendfor C．ruleout D．takeaway4、A．factory B．slave C．restaurant D．store5、A．declined B．decided C．expanded D．exported6、A．afraid B．true C．consisted D．made7、A．business B．damage C．illness D．doubts8、A．experimented B．associated C．equipped D．struggled9、A．exist B．communicate C．breathe D．listen10、A．Therefore B．However C．Anyway D．Besides11、A．cleaner B．thicker C．colder D．warmer12、A．ceiling B．ground C．roof D．window13、A．feel B．trap C．cool D．heat14、A．puton B．getoff C．pollute D．release15、A．unwillingly B．bravely C．gradually D．simply16、A．task B．test C．game D．part17、A．overlooked B．identified C．recovered D．buried18、A．gap B．case C．deal D．site19、A．rescue B．attempt C．reform D．escape20、A．fortune B．comfort C．achievement D．rewardSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Anyactorwouldadmitthatit’strickytoplayrolesbasedonrealpeople.Theyneedtodomountainsofresearchtomakesurethey’restayingastruetolifeaspossible.Besides,theytrytoaddtheirowntouchestotheperformancesothattheirworkcanbecalledtheirown.AmericanactorAndrewGarfield,33,facedthatdilemmawhenplayingDesmondDossinthefilmHacksawRidge.DosswasaUSarmydoctorduringWorldWarIIwhorefusedtocarryagunbecauseofhisbeliefs,butsaved75liveswithoutfiringasingleshot,Hisactionsmadehimthefirstconscientiousobjector—apersonwhoobjectstoservinginthearmedforcestormoralorconsciencereasons—tobepresentedwiththeMedalofHonor,theUS’shighesthonorawardedforpersonalactsofbravery.Garfield’sfirststageofresearchwastostudyasmanydocumentaries(纪录片)ofDosshecouldgethishandson.ButGarfieldsoonrealizedthatheneededtolearnnotonlytheDoss’outercharacteristics,butalso“thedeepestpartofhimself”,hesaid.HetraveledtoDoss’hometown.TheactorwantedtowalkwhereDosswalkedandhandlethetoolsDosshandled,whileallthetimekeepinginmindhowtheresearchwouldaffecthisperformance.“Idon’tthinkIcouldhavegonetoofarintermsofgettingtoknowwhoDosswas,”Garfieldsaid.“Butitcan’tbeanimpressionofhim.Thatdoesn’tinterestme.Garfieldexplainsthatit’slikethedifferencebetweenslippingintosomeone’sclothesandsteppingintotheirskin,Untilhegoesdeepinsidearolebasedonarealperson,hedoesn’tfeelhe’sdonetheworkjustice.Andit‘snotuntilhefullyunderstandsthecharacterthatGarfieldfeelsconfidenthecandothethingsaskedoftheroleinthescriptwithouthesitationorthought,1、Whatmakesitdifficultforactorstoplayrolesbasedonrealpeople?A．Mixingtheactwiththeirownfeelings.B．Resemblingtherolesinappearance.C．Lifelikeperformanceswithpersonalstyles.D．Massesofacademicresearchintotheroles.2、WhywastheMedalofHonorawardedtoDesmondDoss?A．Torecognizehisbraveactions.B．Toattractpeopletojointhearmy.C．Toadmitthevalueofconscience.D．Toencouragedoctorstofollowhissuit.3、WhatdidGarfieldhopetodoinDoss’hometown?A．KnowaboutDoss’livingconditions.B．FindouttheinsidesofDoss.C．DoresearchonDoss’earlylife.D．ExperienceDoss’lifeatfirsthan4、Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．BeaGoodActorB．AMoralDilemmaC．GarfieldandDossD．GarfieldGetsDeepText2Otherpeoplemayhavetheirownagenda(议程)forourlife;wecanvaluetheirinputbutwedon’thavetotakeittoheart.Aschildren,ourparentshaddreamsforus.Theywarnedustodowellinschool,andtodowhateverwasnecessarytoreachourhighestpotential.Laterinlife,friendsmaytrytosetusupwiththeirideaoftheperfectpartnerortheperfectjob.Peopleclosetousmayhaveideasabouthowweshouldliveourlives,ideasthatusuallycomefromloveandthedesireforustobehappy.Othertimes,theycomefromaplaceofneedwithinthem-whetheritistheparentwhowantsustoliveouthisorherdreamsorthefriendwhowantsustoplayanalready-definedrole.Whateverthecase,wecanappreciateandconsiderthosepeople’sinput,butfinallywemustfollowourownguidance.Theremaycomeatimewhenallthesuggestionscanbecomeoverbearing(霸道的).Wemayfeelthatthepeoplewelovedon’tapproveofourjudgment,whichcanhurtourfeelings.Itcandisturbthechoiceswemakeforourlivesbymakingusdoubtourselvesbeforewe’vehadachancetodecidewhatwewant.Wecantellourlovedoneshowmuchweappreciatetheirthoughtsandideas,butthatweneedtoliveourownlivesandmakeourowndecisions.Wecanexplainthattheyneedtoletuslearnfromourownexperiences.Whentheyseethatwearehappywithourlivesandthepathwearetakingtoreachourgoals,theycanmakesurethatallweneedthemtodoistoshareinourjoy.1、Peopleclosetousoftentellusideastoshowtheir.A．authorityB．concernC．potentialD．happiness2、Whatshouldwedowhenwedisagreewithourfriends’advice?A．Provethatourchoicesareright.B．Makethemfollowourdecisions.C．Tellthemourchoicedirectlywithoutcompromise.D．Letthemknowweshouldmakeourowndecisions.3、Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?A．OfferingsuggestionsB．AppreciatingsuggestionsC．AcceptingsuggestionsD．ExchangingsuggestionsText3FROM:OfficeofRiskManagementSENT:Monday,March18,2016TO:AllnewemployeesSUBJECT:SafetyRegulationsTrainingAllnewemployeesarerequiredtocompleteatrainingcourseonthesafetyproceduresineffectatourvarioussites.Successfulcompletionofthiscourseisarequirementforobtainingpermanentemploymentstatusatthiscompany.Thetrainingcoursemustbecompletedbyeachemployeebeforetheendofhis/hersix-monthprobationary(试用)period.Thiscourseisindividualizedandself-contained;consequently,youmaytakeitatanytime.ItisavailableintheLearningResourceCenter,locatednexttothecafeteria.Thecenterisopenfrom7A．M.to9P.M.,makingitconvenienttoworkonthecoursebeforeorafteryournormalworkshiftorduringyourlunchhour.ThetrainingcoursecombinestheuseofacomputerandinteractiveCD-ROMs.Youwillbeabletolearnatyourownpace.Completionofthecoursetakesapproximately12to15hours.Uponcompletionyouwillberequiredtoassessthecourseusingtheassessmenttool.Acomputerprintoutwillprovideyouwithimmediateresults.Anyonewithascoreoflessthan75percentwillberequiredtorepeatthecourse.IfyouareunfamiliarwiththeuseoftheLearningResourceCenterequipmentorsoftware,staffareavailabletoassistyou.Ifyouhaveanyquestionsregardingthepurposeofthisrequirementorhowtofulfillit,pleasecontacttheOfficeofRiskManagement.Thankyouforyourcooperation.LouisaParksRiskManagementOfficerTheHolbrookCompany1、Whowillmostprobablyreadthise-mailmessage?A．Retiredemployees.B．Jobapplicants.C．Trainingofficers.D．Recentlyhiredemployees.2、WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A．Youcantakethecoursewhereveryoulike.B．Whenyouhavecompletedthecourse,therewillbeatest.C．Youhavetoworkonthecourseforover10hourseveryday.D．Youtakethecourseafteryoubecomeapermanentemployee.3、WherearetheCD-ROMslocated?A．Inthecafeteria.B．Intheemployees’office.C．Nexttothecafeteria.D．Inthelaboratory.Text4Thevaluesofartisticworks,accordingtoculturalrelativism(相对主义),aresimplyreflectionsoflocalsocialandeconomicconditions.Suchaview,however,failstoexplaintheabilityofsomeworksofarttoexcitethehumanmindacrossculturesandthroughcenturies.HistoryhaswitnessedtheendlessproductionsofShakespeareanplaysineverymajorlanguageoftheworld.ItisneverraretofindthatMozartpacksJapaneseconcerthalls,asJapanesepainterHiroshigedoesParisgalleries,Uniqueworksofthiskindaredifferentfromtoday’spopularart,eveniftheybeganasworksofpopularart.Theyhavesetthemselvesapartintheirtimelessappealandwillprobablybeenjoyedforcenturiesintothefuture.Ina1757essay,thephilosopherDavidHumearguedthatbecause“thegeneralprinciplesoftasteareuniform(不变的)inhumannature,”thevalueofsomeworksofartmightbeessentiallypermanent.HeobservedthatHomerwasstilladmiredaftertwothousandyears.Worksofthistype,hebelieved,spoketodeepandunvaryingfeaturesofhumannatureandcouldcontinuetoexistovercenturies.Nowresearchersareapplyingscientificmethodstothestudyoftheuniversalityofart.Forexample,evolutionarypsychologyisbeingusedbyliteraryscholarstoexplainthelong-lastingthemesandplotdevicesinfiction.Thestructuresofmusicalpiecesarenowopentoexperimentalanalysisasneverbefore.Researchfindingsseemtoindicatethatthecreationbyagreatartistisaspermanentanachievementasthediscoverybyagreatscientist.1、Accordingtothepassage,whatdoweknowaboutculturalrelativism?A．Itintroducesdifferentculturalvalues.B．Itexplainsthehistoryofartisticworks.C．Itrelatesartisticvaluestolocalconditions.D．Itexcitesthehumanmindthroughouttheworld.2、InParagraph2,theartistsarementionedinordertoshowthat_____.A．greatworksofartcangobeyondnationalboundariesB．historygivesartworksspecialappealtosetthemapartC．popularartsarehardlydistinguishablefromgreatartsD．greatartistsareskilledatcombiningvariouscultures3、Whichofthefollowingcanbestserveasthetitleofthepassage?A．AreArtisticValuesUniversal?B．ArePopularArtsPermanent?C．IsHumanNatureUniform?D．IsCulturalRelativismScientific?PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)AlexanderGrahamBellwasaninfluentialscientist,engineerand1．(invent)HewasbornonMarch3,1847inEdinburgh,ScotlandHeiswidelycreditedwiththeinventionofthefirsttelephoneBell’smotherandwife2．(be)bothdeaf,whichhadaneffect3．hisworkWhenhewas23,BellandhisparentsmovedtoCanadaBellstudiedthehumanvoiceandworkedwithdifferentschoolsfor4．deafHeexperimentedwithsound,workingwithsound,workingwithequipmentusedtosenddifferent5．(message)andrecordsoundHeworkedonacoustictelegraphy(声报机)withanelectricaldesigner6．(name)ThomasWatsonOnFebruary14,1876,BellandElishaGray,anAmericanelectricalengineer,bothfiledpatents(申请专利)coveringthetransmission(传送)ofsoundstelegraphicallyFinally,Bell7．(give)thepatentAfewdays8．(late),hesucceededin9．(get)histelephonetoworkBellimprovedthedesignandby1886morethan150,000peopleownedtelephonesintheUnitedStatesHeoncesaid,“Thedaywillcomewhenthemanatthetelephonewillbeabletoseethedistantpersonto10．heisspeaking”“Failingtoopencurtainsfullymakespeoplemorelikelytogetsick”,1．newstudysuggestsItfoundsunlightkillsdisease-causingbacteria2．liveindust,whiledarkerconditionsletthemthrive(繁殖)Thefindings3．(publish)inthejournalMicrobiomeResearchers4．(warn)theproblemalsoaffectswindowlessofficesStudyleaderDrAshkaanFahimipoursaid:“Humansspendmostoftheirtimeindoors,wheredustcarriesbacteria5．(make)ussick“Therefore,it’simportant6．(understand)howthebuildingsweliveinfluencedusteco-systemsandhowthiscould7．(serious)affectourhealth”HisteamattheUniversityofOregonchose11smallroomsandallowedin8．(differ)levelsofsunlightAfter90days,darkroomshaddoublethenumberofbacteriaabletoreproduceFahimipouradded:“Wehopethatwith9．(far)understandingwecandesignaccesstodaylightin10．(build)schools,offices,hospitalsandhomesinwaysthatreducetheriskofdust-borneinfections”SectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)校创业俱乐部成员Bob、Olga、Scott、Ann和David正筹划在同学中开展“青少年创业”的宣传活动。请根据他们各自的兴趣（61~65），阅读下面某杂志上6位青少年企业家的简介（A、B、C、D、E和F），为他们选定最佳的宣传案例，并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。选项中有一项是多余选项。1、Bob:Howtomakeuseofpart-timejobexperiencetosecureapositioninabigcompany?2、Olga:Howtotakeadvantageoffamilytraditionandbuildanewbrand?3、Scott:Howtodiscovermarketneedsandbuildanonlinebusiness?4、Ann:Howtorunabusinessbasedoncreativityandinventions?5、David:Howtostartasmallbusinessbasedonspecialskills?A

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JamesMurrayWellsfoundedGlassesDirect,whichisnowthebiggestonlinesellerofeyeglassesintheworld.Itsellsapairofframeseveryfewminutesandemploys70peopleinitstwooffices.

ThisEnglishentrepreneurwasstillincollegewhenhesawagreatbusinessopportunity.HesawthattherewasnoUKonlineshopsellingeyeglasses.Heusedhiscollegeloanmoneytostartjustsuchabusinessanditwassuccessfulenoughtoearnover$1millionduringitsfirstyearinoperation.

RichieStachowski,11,ofMoraga,Calif.,wentdivingwithhisdadduringavacationinHawaii.Richiewasdisappointedhecouldnottalkunderwateraboutthemanycolorfulandamazingthingshesaw.

WhenRichiegothome,hestartedworkontheequipmentthatwouldallowhimtotalkunderwater.Hisinvention—theWaterTalkies—isbasicallyaphonethatallowssoundwavetotravelabout15feetunderwater.WaterTalkiesarenowofferedattoystoresaroundthecountry.

C

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FraserDohertyisanexampleofayoungmanwithamoreold-fashionedapproachtobusiness.Attheageof14,FraserDohertybeganmakingjamsfromhisgrandmother’srecipes(制作法)andsellingthemdoor-to-doorinEdinburgh,Scotland.Developingtherecipesandcomingupwithanameforhisproduct,Dohertyquitschoolatage16toworkonSuperjamfulltime.NowSuperjamhasanestimatedworthofover$2millionbasedoncurrentsalesof$1millionannually.

Richardisanexampleofdevelopingandusinghisskillstoearnmoney.Attheageof15helearnedleathercraftatasummercamp.Hethenmadesmallitemshecouldsellattheonlyshopinhisvillage.

Becausehewasdeterminedtoproducethehighest-qualitywork,hisfameandhisprofitgrew.SoonRichardcouldbuylargerquantitiesofleather,whichhemadeintohandbagsandpurses.Thesehesoldinalargershopintheneighboringvillage.

E

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Dorothystartedherbusinessattheageof14,sellingstick-insecteggsbymailorder.Lessthan20yearslater,sheisGreatBritain’sbiggestbreeder(繁殖者)ofstickinsects.Becauseshehadexperiencewithinsectsandknewshewantedtomakeacareerintheinsectbusiness,Dorothystudiedappliedbiologyatauniversity,designingtherightkindofinsecthousesandresearchingproperfeedingfacilitiesforherinsects.Thisgreatlyincreasedherabilitytosupplythewholepackagetohercustomers.

Ben’sfamilyhelpedhimturnanafter-schooljob—cleaningswimmingpoolsandmowinglawns—intoasuccessfulandvaluableservice.Becauseoftheskillshedevelopedthroughhardwork,helandedapositionwithalargecompany,whichpaidhiscollegefees,providedhimtraininginacareerandguaranteedhimajobaftergraduation.

Thecompanywasnotlookingforahigh-poweredbusinessman;itwantedsomeonewhohadlearnedfinancialknowledgeandthevalueofcustomersatisfaction—allveryimportantentrepreneurialskills.

Mondaysarekindofannoying.1、Arecentsurveysaysthatmostpeoplegetthepre-work“Sundayblues”.StartingyourMondayfeelingsad,anxiousandunorganizedishardlythewaytokickoffahealthyweek.Thesolution?SetasidealittletimeonSundaytopurposefullyprepareyourselfforthefivedaysahead,suggestswomen’shealthexpertMarshaHudnall.2、Dosomemealpreparations.Figuringoutwhattohavefordinneronweeknightscanbesurprisinglystressful.StretchingoutamenuplanonSundayandswingingbythegrocerystoreforingredientswillhelpyoueatwell.Goastepfurtherbychoppingandcookingvegetablesandaprotein(likearoastchickenorscrambledeggs).3、Orfinallyattemptadi