高考一轮复习 非谓语做宾语补足语

高考一轮复习非谓语做宾语补足语/高考一轮复习非谓语做宾语补足语part1知识梳理做宾补的非谓语的形式常见形式有：todo、doing、done。一般而言，被动形式用done，主动形式用todo或者doing。例如：AsIapproachedmile23,Icouldseemywife

wavingasign.(2018年北京卷)

当我接近23英里时，我能看到妻子正拿着标牌在晃动（主动，正在）。2.LastTuesday,ourclassinvitedanoldcraftsman(手艺人)

toteachus

howtomakedoughfigurines(面人).

上周二，我们班邀请一位老艺人教我们怎样制作面人（主动，事实陈述）。3.Ihaveneverheardthissong

sunginEnglish.

我从来没有听到这首歌用英语唱过（被动）。一、todo做宾补（一）

省略to做宾补的（1）形式：动词跟省略to

的不定式作宾补时，通常包括两大类，感官动词类（8个，lookat；see；observe；watch；notice；hear；listento；feel），使役动词类（3个have；let；make）。（2）含义：省略to做宾补的强调看到、听到了整个过程或强调是事实。不过感官动词后也可跟现在现在分词作宾语，表示看到、听到时动作正在进行，have

后可以加doing（含义见后边），但是let，make后不可跟现在分词做宾语接不带to的不定式做宾补（3）宾语感官动词(短语)see，watch，observe，lookat，notice，hear，listento，feel等的宾语补足语主要有三种形式，试比较(以hear为例)：hear＋宾语＋eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(doingsth.听到……正在做……（主动、,进行）,dosth.听到……做了……（主动、完成）,done听到……被做（被动、完成或无,时间性）))a）Ifeltsomebody

touchthebox.

（整个过程或事实）我感觉到有人碰了这个盒子。b）Isawhim

runintothebuilding.（整个过程或事实）我看见他跑进了这个大楼。c）Justthen,Iheardsomeone

callingforhelp.（正在进行）正在那时，我听到有人求助。d）Shelookedathimhappily

enjoyinghismeal.(正在进行）她看见他正在开心地享受他的大餐。e)TolearnEnglishwell，weshouldfindopportunitiestohearEnglishspokenasmuchaspossible.为了学好英语，我们应该找机会并尽可能多地听别人说英语。(被动，无时间性)记忆口诀：三让一感“五室两厅”三让(have；let；make)一感(feel)五视(lookat；see；observe；watch；notice)两听(hear；listento)2.

注意事项

主动语态中宾补不带to

的，被动语态要带toIfeltsomebody

touchthebox.

被动：Somebodywasfelt

totouchthebox.Peopleoftenlistenedtohim

singinthenextroom.被动：Hewasoftenlistenedto

tosinginthenextroom.[即时演练]用所给词的适当形式填空

Whenwesawtheroad(block)withsnow,wedecidedtospendtheholidayathome.blockedIhaveheardhisstory(tell)manytimesbythestoryteller.toldAfterhewitnessedhishouse(break)into,hebegantopaymoreattentiontosecurity.brokenHaveyounoticedthebridge(build)there？beingbuiltTheyknewherverywell.Theyhadseenher(grow)upfromchildhood.Themissingboywaslastseen(play)neartheriver.Whenhecameback，hewasgladtoseethework(finish)．难点：

特别关注get、have、make、let、leave、keep、find六大类词1.have的四大搭配常见的四大考法：havesomebodydosomething

havesomebody/somethingdoingsomething

havesomethingdonehavesomethingtodo

其中，在前三个考法中，have为使役动词，翻译为“让、使”；第四个考法中，have翻译为“有”。（1）havesomebodydosomethingi）让某人做某事I’llhaveher

post

theletter.

我要叫她去寄信

（2）havesomebody/somethingdoingsomethingi）使(让)某人(某事物)一直做在做某事Hehadthelight

burning

allnight.

他让灯亮了一整夜。ii）容忍或允许某人做某事(用于否定句，尤与

won’t,can’t连用)。如：Hewon’thaveboys

arriving

late.

他不允许孩子们迟到。iii）说服或命令某人做某事Hehadme

doing

allkindsofjobsforher.

他叫我为她做各种事情。固定句式：havedifficulty/problem(in)doingsth.Ihavedifficulty

(in)learning

English.

我学英语有困难。（3）havesth.donei）

请(让)别人做某事。Wehadthemachine

repaired.

我们请人修理了机器。注：有时指无意志的行为。如：Hehadhissalary

raised.

他加薪了。ii）

经历或遭遇某情况。如：Hehadhisfinger

cut.

他的手指弄伤了。iii）

完成或解决某事。如：I’vehadallmymistakes

corrected.

我已把所有的错误都改正过来了。iv）

容忍或允许做某事(用于否定句，尤与

won’t,can’t

等连用)。如：Wewon’thaveanything

said

againsttheParty.

我们不允许有人这样攻击党。注意：Thenewshadme

worried.

我听了这个消息十分不安。worried可以理解为形容词。（4）havesomethingtodoi）表示有某事要做，不定式为定语。Ihaveeveryreason

tothink

hemaystillbealive.

我们有充分理由相信他可能还活着。ii）表示因为有A所以发生了B，不定式为状语Ihadtheluck

tofindhimathome.

我真幸运，找他时，他在家。Theyhadthemisfortune

tobehitbyaviolentstorm.

他们不幸，遇上了猛烈的风暴。[即时演练]用所给词的适当形式填空

There'ssomethingwrongwithmycomputer.Iwillhavemycomputer(repair)．Thegirlhadherhat(blow)onherwayhome.Thebosshastheworkers(work)14hoursaday.Wehadthemachine(mend)justnow.Don'thavethedog(bark)much，Jennifer.Hewantstohavehiseyes(examine)tomorrow.get的三大搭配get＋宾语＋eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(todosth.使……做某事（主动）,doingsth.使……开始做某事（主动）,done使……被做（被动）))Hegotmetoposttheletterforhim.他让我替他寄信。Hegothisbikerunningveryfast.他爸自行车骑的飞快。I'llgetmycellphonerepairedtomorrow.我明天要(请人)修一下我的手机。[即时演练]用所给词的适当形式填空

Alexandertriedtogethiswork(recognize)inthemedicalcircles.recognizedBarbaraoftenmakesascheduletogetherself(remind)ofwhatsheistodointheday.3.leave的三大搭配搭配含义例句leavesb.todo让\留下某人做某事Iwillleaveyoutosettleallthebusiness.我会让你处理所有的事物。leavesb.doing让某人\某物继续处于某种状态，这种状态一直持续，强调当时正在发生的动作。Whathesaidleftmethinkingdeeply.他的话让我陷入沉思。leavesth.done使某事被做，使处于某种被动的状态，并强调动作的被动性，宾语为动作的承受者Wecan’tleavesuchanimportantmatterunfinished.我们不能让这么重要的事情半途而废。[即时演练]用所给词的适当形式填空

Tomrushedoutinahurry,(leave)thedoor(unlock).leaving;unlockedmake、let的两大搭配make/let＋宾语＋eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(dosth.让……做某事（主动）,done让……被做（被动）))Hemademelaugh.他使我发笑.Hishonestymakeshimrespected.他的诚实使他受人尊敬。[即时演练]用所给词的适当形式填空

Peopleinthesouthhavetheirhousesmade(make)ofbamboo.Hespokeslowlyandclearlysothathecouldmakehimself(understand)．keep＋宾语＋eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(doingsth.使……一直做某事（主动、,进行）,done使……被做（被动）))I'msorrytohavekeptyouwaitingsolong.对不起，让你久等了。Shekepthereyesshutandstayedwhereshewas.她紧闭双眼，待在原地未动。[即时演练]用所给词的适当形式填空LiHua，whowasbusypreparingareport，couldn'tputupwiththeloudnoise，sohekeptallthewindows__________(shut)alldaylong.Lucyhasagreatsenseofhumourandalwayskeepsherstudents(amuse)withherstories.6.find

的搭配find+sb./sth.doingIfindhimlyingonthefloor.我发现他躺在地上。find+sb./sth.doneHefoundthedooelocked.他发现门上锁了。find+sb./sth.tobe

Hefoundthepatienttobeasmallgirl.他发现病人是一个小女孩。用作宾语补足语的不定式通常为tobe(通常可以省略),但当find用于被动语态时，可以用其他动词，如：Hisbloodwasfoundtocontainpoison.他的血液里被发现有毒。find+sb./sth.

介词短语Wefoundherintears.我们发现她在哭。find+sb./sth.

形容词Hefoundtheroomempty.他发现房间是空的。find+sb./sth.

副词Iwenttoherhousebutfoundherout.我去她家但发现她不在家。find+sb./sth.

名词Youwillfinditadifficultbook.你会发现这是一本难懂的书。finditadj.todosth.Youwillfinditeasytogetonwithher.你会发现和她相处很容易。[即时演练]用所给词的适当形式填空

WhenIgotthere,Ifoundthefarmtools(repair)．repaired（二）、常见加todo做宾补的动词（36个）advisesb.todosth.

建议某人做某事

allowsb.todosth.

允许某人做某事asksb.todosth.请（叫）某人做某事

bearsb.todosth.忍受某人做某事begsb.todosth.

请求某人做某事

causesb.todosth.

导致某人做某事commandsb.todosth.

命令某人做某事

drivesb.todosth.驱使某人做某事electsb.todosth.

选举某人做某事

encouragesb.todosth.

鼓励某人做某事expectsb.todosth.

期望某人做某事

forbidsb.todosth.

禁止某人做某事forcesb.todosth.

强迫某人做某事

getsb.todosth.

使（要）某人做某事hatesb.todosth.

讨厌某人做某事

helpsb.todosth.

帮助某人做某事intendsb.todosth.

打算要某人做某事

invitesb.todosth.

邀请某人做某事leavesb.todosth.

留下某人做某事

likesb.todosth.

喜欢某人做某事meansb.todosth.

打算要某人做某事

needsb.todosth.

需要某人做某事obligesb.todosth.

迫使某人做某事

ordersb.todosth.

命令某人做某事permitsb.todosth.

允许某人做某事

persuadesb.todosth.

说服某人做某事prefersb.todosth.

宁愿某人做某事

requestsb.todosth.

要求某人做某事remindsb.todosth.

提醒某人做某事

teachsb.todosth.教某人做某事tellsb.todosth.

告诉某人做某事

trainsb.todosth.

训练某人做某事troublesb.todosth.

麻烦某人做某事

wantsb.todosth.

想要某人做某事warnsb.todosth.

警告某人做某事

wishsb.todosth.

希望某人做某事特别注意.advise,allow,permit,forbid,recommend,require跟动名词作宾语，不定式作宾补(1)Theinstructor

advisedchecking

the“AdvancedSettings”option.Theinstructor

advisedmetocheck

the“AdvancedSettings”option.

(2)Theydon’t

allowsmoking

inthisrestaurant.Theydon’t

allowpeopletosmoke

inthisrestaurant.(3)Theydon’t

permitsmoking

inthisrestaurant.Theydon’t

permitpeopletosmoke

inthisrestaurant.

(4)Theauthorities

forbadeentering

theparkbecauseofabushfire.Theauthorities

forbadeustoenter

theparkbecauseofabushfire.

(5)Theworker

recommendedbuying

anewwaterheater.Theworker

recommendedmetobuy

anewwaterheater.(6)Theproject

requires

spending$70,000intheinitialphase.

Theproject

requiredustowork

ingroups.

（二）．表示“希望、要求”等意义的动词，如like，want，wish，order等。Theteacherdoesn'twishsuchquestions(tobe)discussedinclass.老师不希望在课堂上讨论这样的问题。Themanagerorderedtheworkfinishedattheendofthisweek.经理要求在本周末完成这项工作。[即时演练]用所给词的适当形式填空Themanagerwouldn'tlikethematter(discuss)atthemeeting.（三）．with复合结构中宾语补足语的比较witheq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(sb./sth.doing（主动、进行）,sth.done（被动、完成）,sth.todo（表示将来）))Theoldcoupleoftentakeawalkaftersupperintheparkwiththeirpetdogfollowingthem.这对老年夫妇晚饭后经常在公园里散步，他们的狗跟着他们。Johnreceivedaninvitationtodinner，andwithhisworkfinished，hegladlyacceptedit.约翰收到一份宴请函而且他的工作也干完了，他就欣然接受了邀请。Withalotofworktodo，shewasn'tallowedtoleaveheroffice.由于有许多工作要做，不允许她离开办公室。[即时演练]用所给词的适当形式填空

Withmuchhomework(finish)，Iamnotallowedtogoout.Shefellasleepwiththelight(burn)．Withagreatweight(take)offhermind，shepassedallthetestssuccessfully.Helayonthegrasswithhiseyes(look)atthesky.Withwater(heat)，wecanseethesteam.感悟真题1.（2018·天津）IneedanewpassportsoIwillhavetohavemyphotograph_________(take).taken2.（2015·陕西）Backfromhistwo-yearmedicalserviceinAfrica,Dr.Leewasveryhappytoseehismother_____(take)goodcareofathome.taken3.(2015·浙江)Listeningtomusicathomeisonething，goingtohearit_____________(perform)liveisquiteanother.beingperformed4.(2014·四川)Themanagerwassatisfiedtoseemanynewproducts(develop)________aftergreateffort.developed

Part2过关检测Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.Thelivingroomiscleanandtidy，withadiningtablealready________(lay)foramealtobecooked.laid2.Alexandertriedtogethiswork________(recognize)inthemedicalcircles.recognizedHelayinbedwithhishead (cover).covered4.Theteacherhadthelazyboy (stand)outsidetheclassroomthewholemorning.standing5.Don’tleavethewater (run)whileyoubrushyourteeth.runningHehadhisleg(break)inthematchyesterday.brokenTheymanagedtomakethemselves (understand)inverysimpleEnglish.understood8.WhenIcamebacktomyhometowntenyearslater，Ifounditcompletely (change).changedBeforedrivingintothecity，youarerequiredtogetyourcar (wash).washedTheoldcoupleoftentakeawalkaftersupperintheparkwiththeirpetdog (follow)them.followingIlookedupandnoticedasnake (wind)itswayupthetreetocatchitsbreakfast.windingClairehadherluggage (check)anhourbeforeherplaneleft.checked13Whentheteacherwokeupinhospital,shefoundherself(surround)byherstudentsandwasmovedtotears.surroundedby14.Aheavysandstormisgoingtoenvelopourcity.Itisunwisetohaveyourcar(wash).washed 15.Nowadays,moreandmoreChinesehomeshavethetechnologyandequipment______(need)todoonlineshopping.needed16.Theykepttheireyes________(fix)uponthescreenasanexcitingfootballmatchwastelevisedlive.fixed17.Withallthemoney________(steal)，themancan’taffordaticket.stolen18.BeforehecametoLondon,hehadneverheardasingleEnglishword________(speak).spoken19.Ihavehadmybike________(repair)，andI’mgoingtohavesomebody________(repair)myradiotomorrow.repaired；repairIsmellsomething___________(burn)inthekitchen.CanIcallyoubackinaminute？burningII.单句改错1.Theclassroomwassonoisythattheteachercouldn’tmakehimselfhear.hear→heardTheprogramwassoexcitingthatthechildrenkepttheireyesfixingonthescreen.fixing→fixedHelookedaroundandcaughtamanputhishandintoherpocket.put→puttingNowwhenpeoplerefertoEngland,youfindWalesincludingaswell.including→includedThemanagerpromisedtokeepmeinformofhowourbusinesswasgoingrm→informedⅢ.把下面的句子改为简单句1．Mostofthepeoplewhohadbeenquestionedwerestudents.→______________________________________________________________Mostofthepeoplequestionedwerestudents.2．Shefoundthe