专题6.语法填空解题技巧中考英语题型过关（原卷版）

语法填空解题技巧无词形变化的词题，一般是3个或4个小题，近年来，只考查了冠词、关联词（连词）和介词等三类词；有词形变化的词题，即要填词的正确形式，一般是6个或7个小题，常考查了代词的四种格式，谓语动词的时态和被动语态、非谓语动词、形容词或副词的比较级、词类转化、疑问词、从句中引导词等几种情况。解题思维导图根据设题规律，可将语法填空题的基本思路归纳成下表：1.词性转换1.词性转换形容词、副词、动词（同一词根）名词2.名词的单复数、所有格、可数与不可数名词2.名词的单复数、所有格、可数与不可数1.词性转换（变反义词或副词）1.词性转换（变反义词或副词）形容词 形容词2.比较级或最高级的几种用法语法填空类解题思路2.比较级或最高级的几种用法语法填空类解题思路副词实词同形容词 副词实词同形容词时态，注意常考时态 时态，注意常考时态语态，即被动语态作谓语语态，即被动语态作谓语语气，即虚拟语气（初中不做考察）语气，即虚拟语气（初中不做考察）动词 动词1.词性转换（动词变动名词或不定式） 1.词性转换（动词变动名词或不定式）1.todo表:将来/目的作非谓语1.todo表:将来/目的作非谓语2.Ving表:主动/进行/已经发生2.Ving表:主动/进行/已经发生2.非谓语3.Ved表:被动/完成3.Ved表:被动/完成人称代词、不定代词、反身代词人称代词、不定代词、反身代词物主代词：形容词性物主代词后必须加名词;名词性物主代词作物主代词：形容词性物主代词后必须加名词;名词性物主代词作主语，宾语，本身就是名词，后不需再加名词。代词代词指代上文事物形式主语指代上文事物形式主语形式宾语强调句型It的用法 It的用法ThatThat的用法、疑问代词（what、who、which、whom、whose）和疑问副词（when、where、how、why）的用法名词之前,尤其是泛指”一名词之前,尤其是泛指”一”,或特指某个人或事物;泛指用a/an,特指用the冠词当空格后的名词在句中不是作主语，表语或动词宾语时，选填介词；注意搭配当空格后的名词在句中不是作主语，表语或动词宾语时，选填介词；注意搭配常为介词考查主要内容依据。虚词介词介词空格前后都是句子（一个主谓就为一个句子）；前后都是并列单词或短语空格前后都是句子（一个主谓就为一个句子）；前后都是并列单词或短语1.单词/短语+并列连词+单词/短语；2.一个句子+并连/从连+一个句子3.从属连词+一个句子，一个句子（主句）；主句+连词（关系词）+从句连词连词二．易考词性出现背景：1.名词1）名词出现的背景动词后作宾语、介词后作宾语、冠词之后、数词之后2）名词词形技巧：主要考虑名词的单复数及其所有格形式。2.动词1）动词出现的背景主宾或介宾之间的动词．be动词后的动词：进行时与被动语态；情态动词之后缺动词；并列关系中的动词；主谓分离后的谓语动词形式；分词后置作定语：过去分词和现在分词。2）动词词形技巧：主要考虑是要填动词的谓语形式(原形、第三人称单数、过去式、现在分词及其过去分词形式。)还是填动词的非谓语形式(不定式，现在分词，过去分词)3.形容词1）形容词出现的背景作表语、作定语修饰名词、用在某些动词后作宾语补足语2）形容词词形技巧：主要考虑形容词原形、比较级、最高级形式。4.副词1）副词出现的背景A．句首，作状语修饰整个句子B．在动宾结构之后或系表结构之间表程度、方式、频率等，修饰动词C.在所修饰的形容词之前，作程度副词2).副词词形技巧：主要考虑副词原形、比较级、最高级形式。5.代词代替前文出现的人、物或一件事6.介词注意常用的介词用法和固定搭配7.连词注意上下文及句子之间的逻辑关系8.冠词a\an\the的用法区分9.平时的学习和做题过程中也要注意积累固定搭配和固定句型，培养语感。（2023·湖北·统考中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Thechildren,seeingthehousethebirdlandedon,stoppedandlookedforsometime.Itwasnotanormalhouseatall.Itwasmadeofbreadandcandy,andthe1(window)weremadeofsugar.Thechildren2(sudden)rantothehouseandstartedtoeatit.Astheyate,a3(woman)voicecouldbeheardfrominsidethehousesaying,“Who’sthat,eatingatmyhome?”Thechildrendroppedwhatthey4(eat),andwereabouttorunaway,butthenaveryoldwomanappearedatthedoor.“Ah!Children!”shesaid.“Donotrun,ein.There’smuchmorefoodinside.”Thewomanseemedsokind5thechildrenlostallfeelingofdanger,andwentstraighttoher,andlethertaketheirhandsandleadthemintoherroom.They6(give)allkindsofdeliciousfoodanddrink,andtheyweretoldthattheycouldstayaslongastheywanted,forthewomanhadanotherroom7twocleanbeds.Askindastheoldladyappearedtobe,shewasreallyaterriblewitch(女巫),wholikedtoeatchildren.Herhousewasmadeofbreadandcandy,becausechildrenlikedsuchthings,andsoitwouldbeeasierforthewitch8(get)themtostay.Shedidnoteatthemrightaway,foroftenthechildrenwereverythin,andthewitchwishedtomakethem9(fat)thanbefore,bygivingthemalotoffood.Andso,thenextmorning,she10(go)intotheroomwherethechildrenweresleeping.Asshelookeddownonthemintheirbeds,shesaid,“Yes.Theywillmakeaverydeliciousdinner.”（2023·贵州·统考中考真题）阅读下面短文，在各题空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Eachyear,billionsofpoundsofgarbageendupintheoceans.Sometimespeoplethrowawaywater1(bottle)orotherplastic.Theydonotrecycletheirgarbage.Peoplemaynotknowthatwind2raincanmovegarbagefromlandtosea.Plastictakesaverylongtimetobreakdown.Itcanremainintheoceans3hundredsofyears.Plasticpiecesarevery4(danger)toseaanimals.Onegroup,WashedAshore,cameupwithanewidea5(tell)peopleabouttheproblemsintheoceans.First,theytakethegarbagefrom6beach.Then,theycleanandsortit.7(final),theyworkwiththeplasticpiecestomakehugeworksofart.Theartworkismostlyofseacreatures(生物).WashedAshorehas8(create)morethanseventyoftheseworksofart.Someof9(they)arenowtravelinginashowallovertheworld.Eachpieceshowstheeffectsoftrash.Inoneshow,peoplelearnhowplasticfoolsfishandotherseaanimals.Theythinktheplastic10(be)food,eatit,andgetverysickorevendie.Thiswouldnothappenifpeopleusedlessplasticanddidnotlitter.Theplasticwouldnotendupintheocean.（2023·山东日照·中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式（每空不多于三个单词）。WhenIwas20yearsold,Ihadabigdreaminmymind.Iwanted1（travel）aroundAfricawithmybackpack.SoIleftmyhometownwithconfidence（信心）andarrived2CapeTown,notreallysurewhattodonext.3（lucky）,beforemytripstarted,Imetakind,oldNigerianman.Hegavemethe4（good）traveladviceIhadeverreceived:“Belikeastudentonyourwayaroundtheworld.”Theadvicesoundedsimple,but5reallychangedmyideaabouttraveling.Hehelpedmerealizethattravelisabout6（learn）cultures.It’sfartooeasytogointo7newcountryandbelieveyourwaysarebetter.“Butifyoustudy,askquestions,8trytolearnfromthelocals,youwillhavefarricherexperience,”hepromised.Afterseven9（month）offullbackpackinginAfricafromCapeTowntoCairo,Irealizedhavingastudentlikemindhelpedmelearnalot,which10（satisfy）memorethananyothertripthateverdidtome.（2023·吉林长春·统考中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ZhangYiisaChinesereporterinSingapore.In2022,awomanwithgreyhairlivingnearbyvisitedhim.Thewomanintroduced1(she)asSarah.SheaskedifZhangcouldhelplookforherpenpal2wasfromChina.DuanChunwasSarah’sfirstChinesepenpal.Theywrotealotoflettersandsharedthecolorfulschoollivessixtyoneyearsago.Alltheletters

3(keep)bySarah.Theywerefull4hersweetmemories.However,Sarahhadn’treceivedanylettersfromDuanformanyyears.Itseemedimpossibletofindapersonaftersuchalongtime,5Zhangpromisedtodohisbest.HepostedsomeofDuan’sblackandwhite6(photo)andtheirstoriesontheInternet.Tohisjoy,many7(love)strangersjoinedhiminsearchingforDuan.Althoughtheywentthroughlotsoftrouble,theyneverstoppedtrying.Afewmonths8(late),thetwopenpalsfinallybegantomunicatewitheachotheragain.Theyweresoexcitedthattheydecided9(meet)inChina.SarahpreparedagiftforDuantocelebrateher10(seventyfive)birthday.Itwaswiththehelpofsomanycaringpeopleandhightechnologythatthecrosscountryfriendshipwasabletocontinue.（2023·湖北恩施·中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内所给单词的正确形式（不超过3词）。TheDuanwuFestivalisalsocalledtheDragonBoatFestival.Itisatraditionalholidaywithahistoryofmorethan2,000yearsinChina.Itisonthe1(five)dayoflunarMayeveryyear.Therearemany2(story)abouttheorigin(起源)ofthisfestival.Amongthem,thefollowingoneaboutQuYuanisthemost3(wide)accepted.QuYuanwas4greatpoetandgoodofficial.Helovedhiscountrydeeply.He5(jump)intoMiluoRiverafterhiscountry’sbeingdefeated.Peoplethrewakindoffoodnamedzongziintotherivertofeedthefishinorderthattheywouldn’teatQu’sbody.NowontheDragonBoatFestival,Chinesepeopleenjoyaonedayholiday6(remember)QuYuan.Peoplehavedifferentactivities,including7(eat)zongziandhavingdragonboatracesandsoon.Thedragonboatracesarethemost8(excite)partofthefestival.Alltheteamspracticesohard9theycanbeethewinners.Manywesterncountries10(hold)dragonboatraceseveryyear,likeSweden,CanadaandtheUSA．TheDuanwuFestivalisbeingmoreandmorepopulararoundtheworld.（2023·黑龙江大庆·统考中考真题）Fillineachblankwithaproperformofthewordgivenoraproperword.Nov.29th,2022—China’s1(tradition)teamakingwasaddedtotheintangibleculturalheritagelist(非物质文化遗产名录)oftheUNESCO.Teahas2historyofmorethan2000yearsinChina.Inancienttimes,peoplecalledteabymanydifferentnames.It3(say)thattheChinesecharacter“cha”forteaisfinallydecidedbyLuYu..SincetheTangDynasty(朝代),Chineseteahasleftabiginfluence4othercountries.Afterthe18thcentury.Chineseteawas5(successful)introducedtomanycountries,suchasIndiaandSriLanka.Nowagreatnumberofpeopleenjoy6(drink)tea.Besides,theyaregreatlyinterestedin7(it)historyandculture.Chinaisactuallytheonlycountry8canproduceallsixtypesoftea—green,yellow,dark,white,oolongandblack.Therearemorethan2000teaproducts.Chineseteaculture9(include)theChinesewayofdealingwiththeworld.Intea,wefindpeace,art,and10(polite).IthasbeenanimportantpartofChineseculture.（2023·四川德阳·统考中考真题）ZhangPengisatenyearoldboy.Hehasabrotherandasister.Theyoftenfightwitheachotherformany1(reason).Thosefightsinfluencehisdailylife.However,hedoesn’tknow2todo.LiYongisZhangPeng’sfriend.Hehastwobrothersandtheyneverfight.Theyalwayshavesmileson3(they)faces.OnedayZhangPengaskedLiYongwhyheandhisbrotherscouldgetonwellwitheachother.LiYongsmiledand4(invite)ZhangPengtohishome.Astheyenteredthehouse,LiYong’selderbrothersawthemandsaid,“Hi,eandsharesomeicecream5me.”Atthesametime,LiYong’s6(young)brothercameoutofhisroom.Whenhesawthem,helookedveryhappyandsaid7(excited),“Hi,LiYong,Ihaveastory8(tell)you.It’sinteresting!”HowhappyLiYong’sfamilylifeis!After9(think)forawhile,ZhangPengunderstandsthatLiYong’ssecretofhaving10goodrelationshipwithhisfamilyistoshare.Theysharealltheirfoodandstories.（2023·山东临沂·统考中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Itwasearlyspring,andtherewasalightfog(雾)overthetreesandfields.Iandtheotheryounghorses1(eat)atthelowerendofthefieldwhenweheardthecryofdogsfaraway.The2(old)amongusliftedhisheadtolisten.“Therearethedogs!”hesaid,andranawayatonce.Wefollowedhimtothetop3thefield.Mymotherandanotheroldhorsewerestandingnear.“Theyhavefoundahare(野兔),”saidmymother,“andiftheyethisway,we4(see)thehunt(打猎).”Soonthedogswereallrunningdownthefieldnexttoours,makingaloud“yoyoyo”soundatthetopoftheirvoices.Afterthencamemenonhorsesasfastastheycould.Suddenly,thedogsbecame5(silence)andranaroundwiththeirnosestotheground.“They6(lose)thesmelloftheharealready,”saidtheoldhorse.“Perhapsshewillrunaway.”Butthedogsbegantheir“yoyoyo”againandcameatfullspeedtowardsourfield.Justthenahare,wildwithfear,rantowardsthetrees.Thedogsjumpedoverasmallriverandranacrossthefield.Sixoreighthuntsmen(猎人)jumpedtheirhorsesover7smallriver,closebehindthedogs.Beforetheharecouldgetaway,thedogswereuponherwithwildcries.Weheardaterriblecry,andthatwastheendofthehare.She8(pick)upbyoneofthemen.Shewascoveredinblood,butallthehuntsmenseemedpleased.Iwas9surprisedthatatfirstIdidn’tseewhatwashappeningbytheriver.LaterIsawasadsight(景象)—twohorsesweredownandtheriderswerehurt.Mymothersaid,“Ican’tunderstandwhymenlikethissportsomuch.Theyquiteoftenhurt10(they)andgoodhorses.”（2023·黑龙江牡丹江·统考中考真题）Fillintheblankswiththegrammaticalknowledgeaccordingtothepassage.DoyouknowanycustomsonNewYear’sDayinothercountries?IntheUK,theyhave1interestingcustom.Accordingtothecustom,thefamilywillhavegoodluckinthenewyearifatall,darkandhandsomemanisthe2(one)persontoenterthefrontdoorafterthenewyeararrives.Usuallythe3(visit)carriesapieceofcoal,aloaf(面包)andabottleofWhiskey(威士忌酒).Heshouldnotspeakto4(someone)orbespokentountilhefinishesseveralthings.Thesethingsincludeplacingthecoalonthefire,puttingtheloafonthetable,5(serve)thedrinktothefamilyheadand6(final)wishingeveryonea“HappyNewYear”.Heshouldleavethehousethroughthebackdoortopletethetraditionperfectly.7France,beforethearrivaloftheNewYear,thefamilyalwaysgettogetheranddrinkupalltheliquor(酒)athome.Theythinkthatifthereisstillliquorinthehouse,there8(be)badluckinthenewyear.Andinsome9(area)inIndia,peopledonotcelebratetheNewYear,butcry.Doyouknowwhy?Itissaidthattheycry10timegoesquicklyandlifeissoshort.Thesecustomsarereallyinteresting,aren’tthey?（2023·四川内江·统考中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ZhangDaqianwasbornonMay10,1899,inNeijiang,Sichuan.HewasoneofthemostfamousChinese1（artist）ofthe20thcentury.Atayoungage,he2（encourage）byhisfamilytopaint.In1917,hewenttoJapan3（learn）painting.Twoyearslater,hewenttoShanghaitoreceive4（tradition）paintinginstructionfromtwofamousChinesepainters.5thehelpofthem,Zhanghadthechancetostudysomeancientpaintings.Zhangwenttothenorthinthelate1920s.He6（begin）toworkwithaBeijingpainter,PuXinyu.ZhangandPuweresowellknown7theywerehonoredas“SouthZhangandNorthPu”.Itshowedtheirhighstatus（地位）inpainting.In1940,ZhangDaqianwenttothecaves（窟）ofMogaoandYulin.Heandhisgroupworkedharddayandnightthere.8（final）,theystudiedover200paintings.Afterthisexperience,hispaintingskillsweremuch9（good）thanbefore.Hispainting,createdin1978,wassoldat10verygoodpricein2021.（2023·湖北孝感·统考中考真题）阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空。（每空不超过三个单词)Oncetherewasaking,whosesonwasbadlyill.Onlythewaterfromalakefarawaycouldsavetheprince.Thekingpromisedtopayhalfofhisgold1thewater.Thenewsreachedafarmerwhohadtwo2(son)andadaughter.“Let’slookforthewater.”saidthetwobrothers.Theytraveledalot,3theystilldidn’tfindit.Sotheybroughtsomewaterfrom4rivernearby.Ofcourse,theprincegot5(bad)thanbefore.Thekingbecameangryandhewouldkillthetwobrothers.Thefarmer’syoungdaughterTinadecidedtolookforthewaterbyherself.Shewalkedforalongtime,andstopped6(have)arestunderatree.Shenoticedthreebirds,tiredandhungry.“Birds,takesomeofmycorn!”shesaid.“Thankyou!Whereareyougoing?”askedthebirds.Tinatold7(they)thestory.“Alongand8(danger)journey!Maybeyouneedourhelp.”saidthebirds.Theyofferedheramagic(神奇的)leaf.“Makeawish,andshaketheleaf.Yourwishwilletrue.”Tinamadeawishtogettothelake9(quick).Sheshooktheleaf,andthenthereshewas!Tinagotthemagicwaterandbroughtittotheking.Theprince10(save).“Takehalfofmygold!”saidtheking.Tinadidn’twantthegold.Sheonlyaskedthekingtofreehertwobrothers.Thekingagreed.Finally,Tinaandhertwobrotherswenthometogether.（2023·四川乐山·统考中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填写1个适当的单词或括号内所给单词的正确形式。Onceuponatime,therewasawiseoldmanwhohadsevensons.Buthissons1(are)alwaysfighting.Itmadesomebadpeoplehappybecausetheywantedtocheat（欺骗）thebrothersoutoftheir2(father)money.Oneday,thefatherdecidedtohelphissonsstop3(fight),sohebroughtthemtogether.Hetiedsevenchopstickstogether,andsaid,“Iwillgiveallofmymoneyto4onewhocanbreakthisbundle（捆）.”Thesevensonseachtried5(break)thechopsticks,butitwastoohard.Theyagreedthatitwasimpossible.“Yet,mysons,”saidthefather,“it’sactuallyeasytodo.”Heuntiedthechopsticksandbrokethemone6oneeasily.“Aha!”saidhissons,“It’seasytodothatway.Anyonecandoit.”Thefather7(go)on,“Asitiswiththesechopsticks,soitiswithyou,mysons.Ifyousticktogetherandhelpeachother,youwilldowell,andnobodycanharmyou.Butifyoufight,youwillbelikethesechopsticks,broken8weak.”Thesevensonslistened9(careful)andpromisedtosticktogether.Theykepttheirpromiseandfacedlife’s10(difficulty)together,justastheirwisefatherhadtaughtthem.（2023·内蒙古包头·统考中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。IfyouliveinthecitiesinEngland,therewillbeagreatchancethatyoumaymeetafoxinreallife.Someanimalsneedspecialhabitats(栖息地)orfood.Butfoxescanliveinallkindsofamazinglydifferent1(place)suchasdeserts,mountainsandcities.AcitylikeLondoncanbereallybusyand2(noise),butitstillhasquietcornerswherefoxescansleep.Italsohasfoxfoodsuchasmiceandfoodsdroppedbypeople.Recentlysomepeopleincitieshavealready3(see)foxescloseathand,buttheyneverseemscared.Whyisthat?Theyare4smartthattheycanevenrememberallthesafecornerswheretheycanescape.Ifafoxthinksitcanruntoitssafeexit5(fast)thanyoucanapproach(接近),itwillprobablyjustsitdownandwait.Theywon’twasteenergyrunningoffunlessitreally6(bee)necessary.However,it’s7(usual)betternottofeedfoxes.Butdoenjoy8(watch)them.Theyarebeautifulinterestinganimalsandlots9peopleenjoythemaround.Afterall,seeingfoxesis10excitingreminderofourconnectiontonature.（2023·青海·统考中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个恰当的单词或用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。InFebruary,therewasavideoaboutAsianelephantsinYunnan,inwhichtwo1(elephant)werefightingforfood.By2endof2022,thenumberofwildAsianelephants3(be)morethan300.Theystartedtovisitvillages.4didtheydoso