考研《英语一》盘锦市2023年深度自测卷含解析

考研《英语一》盘锦市2023年深度自测卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)WhenJuliewasachild,shewasaverybigfanofanimals.Asaresult,1sheeverheardgrowingupwas“Julie,youshouldbeavet.You’regoingtobeagreatvet.That’swhatyoushoulddo.”2whenshegottotheOhioStateUniversity,shestartedstudyingtobeavet.Ascholarshipallowedhertospendher3yearstudyingabroadinManchester,England.Awayfromthefamily4backhome,shefoundherselfonedaysittingatherdesk,surroundedbybiologybooksandstaringoutthewindow,whenitsuddenlyhither:“I’mintotal5Idon’twanttobeavet!”6shethoughtbackoverallthethingsshe’ddoneinherlifeandwhathadmadeherhappy.Andthenithither—itwasalloftheyouthleadershipconferencesthatshehadvolunteered7,andthecommunicationsandleadershipcoursesshehadtakenaselectivecoursesbackatOhioState.“HowcouldIhavebeenso8?HereIaminmyfourthyearatschoolandjustfinallyrealizingI’monthe9path.Ijustnevertookthetimeto10ituntilnow,”shethought.Inspiredbyhernew11,JuliespenttherestofheryearinEnglandtakingcoursesincommunicationsandmediastudies.When12toOhioState,shewaseventuallyableto13theadministrationtolethercreateherownprogramin“leadershipstudies”,14ittookher2yearslongertofinallygraduate.She15tobecomeaseniormanagementconsultantinleadershiptraininganddevelopmentforthePentagon.She16foundedadrug-preventionorganizationthat17themessage“Leadyourownlifewiththeskillandthe18tosayno.”So,neverlivesomeoneelse’s19Ifyoulimityour20onlytowhatseemspossibleorreasonable,youdisconnectyourselffromwhatyoutrulywant.1、A．which B．all C．that D．where2、A．So B．But C．Or D．For3、A．final B．usual C．next D．past4、A．routines B．warnings C．complaints D．pressures5、A．confidence B．silence C．misery D．surprise6、A．Perhaps B．Instead C．Then D．Often7、A．of B．with C．on D．at8、A．internal B．innocent C．intellectual D．intelligent9、A．clear B．wrong C．short D．wide10、A．acknowledge B．accomplish C．include D．criticize11、A．discovery B．information C．understanding D．research12、A．returning B．referring C．relating D．responding13、A．prepare B．convince C．forbid D．force14、A．as B．if C．once D．though15、A．hesitated B．failed C．retired D．continued16、A．still B．again C．also D．only17、A．leaves B．promotes C．confirms D．acquires18、A．will B．chance C．fact D．pride19、A．promises B．decisions C．successes D．dreams20、A．choices B．reasons C．smiles D．mistakesSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Asamanager,youwanttohelpyouremployees.Andthat'sgreat.Whenanemployeecomestoyouwithaproblem,youmaytendtojumpinandofferadvice.Whileyourintentionsarenoble,youmayenduphelpingwhereitisn'tactuallyneededortakingovertheconversationaltogether.Yougointorescuermode,andit'sunderstandable.You'retryingtohelpoutwhereveryoucan.Butattheendoftheday,you'revery;tiredbecauseyou'vetakenonmorethanyoushouldhave,andyourteammemberisdepressedbecauseresponsibilitiesweretakenawayfromthem.Youthoughtyouwerehelpingasmuchasyoucould,butinsteadyouunderminedtheirmoraleastheyhadnochancetoachievesomethingindependently.Theeasiestwaytoavoidthissituationistobelazy.Youjustaskquestions,especially,askthelaziestcoachingquestion:"HowcanIhelp?"Thisisthelaziestwaytofindoutwhatyouremployeeneedsfromyou.Byaskingsomethinglikethis,youforcethepersontodecidewhattheyneedexactly—theymightnotevenknowyetthemselves.Ortheyknowwhattheyneedandwilltellyou,inthehopethatyou'llagreewithwhateveritis.Eitherway,askingthelazyquestioncreatesawin-winsituation,asitresultsinaclearanddirectrequestthatwillleadtothesolutionyouremployeeislookingfor.Byaskingthislazyquestion,youavoidjumpingintohelpinthewaywhichyoufirstthinkisneeded—nomorerescuermode!Askingquestionsisaself-managementtoolbecauseitkeepsyoulazyandyetshowsyourcuriosity.Belazyandalsobeoutspoken.Askyouremployee,“Whatdoyouwantfromme?”Ofcourse,becarefulofhowyousaythis,becausenoteveryonewilllikethis.Askyouremployee,really,truly,“WhatcanIdotohelp?”Itsoundseasy,butitcanbehardtoresistthetemptationtojumpinandhelpsomeone,ortoofferadvice.However,intheend,you'llfindthataskingthelazyquestionmakesyoumoreusefultothoseyoumanage,anditwillhelpyouworklesshardand.havemoreimpact.1、Whatdoestheunderlinedpart"underminedtheirmorale"meaninParagraph2?A．Loweredtheirsalary.B．Madethemmuchlazier.C．Gavethemmorefreedom.D．Affectedtheirgrowthandenthusiasm.2、Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Mostpeopleliketobeincontroloftheconversation.B．It'sunwisetoaskwhatanemployeeactuallyneeds.C．Sometimeswecan'thelpofferinghelptoothers.D．Itisbesttoofferadvicewhenyou'reaskedto.3、Whichcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A．BeingaLazyManagerisaGoodThingB．HowtoOfferAdviceatProperTimeC．WhyPeopleareWillingtoHelpOthersD．HowtoBecomeanIndependentEmployeeText2Owlsareequippedwithhighlydevelopedstealthtechnology(隐形技术)thathelpsthemchargetowardsprey—ananimalhuntedandeatenbyanother—undetected,astudyhasshown.Owlshaveflightfeathersthatabsorbaerodynamicsoundandcontrolthevibrations(振动)thatoccurwhenabirdbeatsitswings.Theresultisperfectsilenceasitapproachesamouseorotherprey.Scientistsusedlasersandhigh-speedcamerastoanalyzeandcomparelong-earedowl,eagleandpigeonfeathersduringflight.Whiledifferinginsize,allthreebirdshaveasimilarwing-beatstyle.ProfessorJinkuiChuledtheresearch.Hesaid,“Manyowlshaveauniqueandfascinatingabilitytoflysosilentlythattheyareoutoftheirprey'shearingrange,duetotheirfeatherstructure.”Thisbehaviourhaslongbeenofinteresttoengineers,asweseektoapplytheowls'noise-reductionmechanisms(机制)tootherpurposesandsituationsthatbenefitsociety.Now,however,weknowtheowls'silentflightabilityisevenbetterthanwethought.Ofallbirdstheowlisthekingofacousticstealth.Itnotonlymanagestopreventaerodynamicnoisewhengliding,butalsomechanicalnoisecausedbyvibrationduringflying.Thisisremarkable,consideringthesuddenjumping,bendingandtwistingthewingsaresubjectedtowhenflappingandthenoisethatiscreatedbyotherbirds.Inthescientificworld,theprocessusedtoremovethismechanicalnoiseiscalled‘damping’,whichmeanstheremovalofmechanicalenergyfromavibratingsystemusuallybychangingitintoheatandallowingittoremainsteady.“Ourresearchshowedthelong-earedowlhassuperiordampingskill,meaningitcanremainamazinglystableandremovemechanicalnoisecausedbythemovementofitsfeathers—quiteanimpressiveachievementofengineering.99Headded,“Thisstudywillhopefullyprovidefurtherinsightintotheowls'silentflightmechanismandhelpengineersdevelopideasforspecialmaterialsorstructures,suchason-shorewindturbines,wheresimilarnoiseremovalcanbeapplied.”1、Whatcanbetrueaboutowlsaccordingtothetext?A．Theyareactiveduringtheday.B．Theyattractmuchattentionfromengineers.C．Theyhavesimilarwingstoeagles.D．Theybeatwingswithoutvibrations.2、Bysaying“theowlisthekingofacousticstealth”inParagraph6,JinkuiChumeansowls______.A．aregoodatcapturingpreyB．haveagoodsenseofhearingC．aregoodatjumpingandtwistingD．havesilentflightability3、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph8referto?A．Mechanicalnoise.B．Thevibratingsystem.C．Mechanicalenergy.D．Theremovalofmechanicalenergy.Text3TheMinistryofConstructionhasreleasedthenamesofthefirstgroupof20nationalparks,including9Suzhouclassicalgardens:ZhuozhengGarden,LiuGarden,WangshiGarden,HuanxiuVilla,LionGrove,YipuGarden,OuGarden,TuisiGardenandCanglangPavilion.Nationalparksrefertothefamouscityparksandgardens.SuzhouclassicalgardensarepartsofChina'spreciousculturalheritage(遗产)(allthe9gardensareonthelistofWorldCulturalHeritage)aswellasanecessarypartofthelifeofSuzhoucitizens,nottomentiontheyarealsoworld-famoustourismresorts(胜地).Infact,theiruniquehistoricalandculturalbackgroundservestocontributetotheirrankingamongnationalparks.TheearliestclassicalgardensinSuzhoucandatebacktotheSongDynasty.However,thegardensimpresstheirvisitorsnotonlywiththeirage-oldhistorybutalsowiththeirdelicatescenes,particularlyCanglangPavilion,ZhuozhengGarden,LionGroveandLiuGarden,themostfamousfourthatrepresentdifferentstylesofdynastiesofSong,Yuan,MingandQing.In1978,animitation（仿造物）ofaSuzhouclassicalgardenwassetupbyChenCongzhou(theauthorofthebookSuzhouClassicalGardens)intheCityMuseumofArtinNewYork,US,whichwasthefirsttimeevertodirectlyintroduceChineseancientarchitecturetoWesterners.1、________parksandgardensareselectedasNationalParksinthefirstgroup.A．9 B．8C．20 D．42、WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutSuzhouclassicalgardensisNOTtrue?A．TheyarepartsofChina'spreciousculturalheritage.B．Theyareworld-famoustourismresorts.C．TheyareanecessarypartofthelifeofSuzhoucitizens.D．Theycameintobeingatthesametime.3、Whichofthefollowingcanbestexplainthemeaningoftheunderlinedword"delicate"?A．astonishing B．deliciousC．beautiful D．impressive4、ThefirstimitationofaSuzhouclassicalgardenwassetupin________.A．London B．NewYorkC．Paris D．TokyText4Whendidyoulastseeapolarbear?Onatriptoazoo,perhaps?IfyouhadattendedawinteractivityinNewYorkafewyearsago,youwouldhaveseenawholepolarbearclub.These“PolarBears”arepeoplewhomeetfrequentlyinthewintertoswiminfreezingcoldwater.Thatday,theairtemperaturewas3℃,andthewatertemperaturewasalittlehigher.ThemembersofthePolarBearClubatConeyIsland,NewYorkareusuallyabouttheageof60.Membersmustsatisfytworequirements.First,theymustgetalongwellwitheveryoneelseinthegroup.Thisisveryimportantbecausetherearesomanydifferentkindsofpeopleintheclub.PolarBearsmustalsoagreetoswimoutdoorsatleasttwiceamonthfromNovemberthroughFebruary.Doctorsdonotagreeaboutthemedicaleffectsofcold-winterswimming.Someareworriedaboutthedangersofaconditioninwhichthebody’stemperaturedropssolowthatfinallytheheartstops.Otherdoctors,however,pointoutthatthereismoredangerofaheartattackduringsummerswimmingbecausethedifferencebetweentheairtemperatureandwatertemperatureismuchgreaterinsummerthaninwinter.ThePolarBearsthemselvesaresatisfiedwiththebenefits(oradvantages)ofcold-waterswimming.Theysaythattheirfavoriteformofexerciseisverygoodforthecirculatorysystem(循环系统)becauseitforcesthebloodtomovefasttokeepthebodywarm.Cold-waterswimmersusuallyturnbrightredafterafewminutesinthewater.Apersonwhoturnsblueprobablyhasaverypoorcirculatorysystemandshouldnottrycold-waterswimming.Themainbenefits(oradvantages)ofcold-waterswimmingareprobablymental.ThePolarBearslovetoswimallyearround.Theyfinditfunandrelaxing.Asone70-year-oldwomansays.“WhenIgointowater,Ipourmytroublesintotheoceanandletthemfloataway.”1、ThemembersofthePolarBearClubmustmeetthefollowingrequirementsEXCEPTthat.A．theymustreachtheageof60B．theyshouldbeeasytomakefriendswithC．theymustswimoutdoorsatleast8timesinthefourcoldmonthsD．theymustagreetoswimoutdoorsfromNovemberthroughFebruary2、Accordingtothepassage,somedoctorsbelieveitistruethat.A．youarehealthyifcold-waterswimmingturnsyourskincolorblueB．cold-waterswimmingcausesmoreheartattacksinsummerthaninwinterC．cold-waterswimmingcanmakethebodytemperaturedangerouslyhighD．PolarBearsarebearsswimminginfreezingwater3、ThePolarBearsliketoswimalltheyearround,for.A．theycanremainyoungB．itisaneasywaytokeepthebodywarminwinterC．theyfinditenjoyableandinterestingD．theymightmeetfewertroublesinlifePartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)FacebookCEOZuckerbergjusthadababygirl1．(name)Max,andtohonortheoccasion,he’sgivingawaythemajorityofhiswealthIntheletterwrittenbyZuckerbergandhiswifePriscillaChan,totheirnewbabygirl,heannouncedthebirthofhisfirstchildandthe2．(create)oftheChanZuckerbergFund,3．willfocusonpersonalizedlearning,curingdisease,4．(connect)peopleandbuildingstrongcommunities“Foryourgenerationtoliveinabetterworld,thereissomuchmoreourgenerationcando,”Zuckerberg5．(write)“TodayyourmotherandIarecommittingtospendour6．(life)doingoursmallparttohelpsolvethesechallenges”7．couplewilldonatenearlyalloftheirFacebookstocktothecause"Wewillgive99%ofourFacebookshares-currentlyabout$45billion—toadvancethis8．(value)mission,”hewrote“Weknowthisisasmallcontributioncompared9．alltheresourcesandtalentsalreadyworkingontheseissuesButwewanttodo10．wecan,workingalongsidemanyothers”语法填空Non-Hermitianwaveengineeringis1．recentandfast-movingfieldthatexaminesbothfundamentalandapplication-orientedphenomena．Onesuchphenomenoniscoherentperfectabsorption-aneffectcommonly2．（refer）toas‘anti-lasing'becauseitcorrespondstothetime-reversedprocessofcoherentemissionofradiationatthelasingthreshold（whereallradiationlossesareexactlybalancedbytheopticalgain）．Coherentperfectabsorbershavebeen3．（experimental）realizedinseveralsetups．withthenotableexceptionofaCPA4．adisorderedmedium．Sucha‘randomCPA'wouldbethetime-reverseofa‘randomlaser，in5．lightisresonantlyenhancedbymultiplescatteringinsideadisorder．Becauseofthe6．（complex）ofthisscatteringprocess，thelightfieldemittedbyarandomlaserisalsospatiallycomplexandnotfocusedlikearegularlaserbeam．RealizingarandomCPA（or‘randomanti-laser'）istherefore7．（challenge）becauseitrequirestheequivalentoftime-reversingsuchalightfieldinall8．degreesoffreedomtocreatecoherentradiationthatisperfectlyabsorbedwhen9．（impinge）onadisorderedmedium．Hereweusemicrowavetechnology10．（build）arandomanti-laseranddemonstrateitsabilitytoabsorbsuitablyengineeredincomingradiationfieldswithnear-perfectefficiency．SectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Imaginethatyouareinaremotevillagesomewherewithnomedicalclinic.1、Oncethedoctorsgettoyou,theyexamineyouandtakebloodsamples,buttheywon'tbeabletohelpyouuntiltheytakethesamplesbacktothehospitaltofindoutwhatiswrong.2、ThankstoengineerAndyOzcan,manypeoplemayneverbeinthissituation.Hehasinventedanappthatturnsyourmobilephoneintoadiagnostic(诊断的)tool.Ozcan'sinventionisimportantbecauseitisveryaccurateandeasytouse.Inmanyremoteplaces,evenifdoctorshavemicroscopesandotherinstrumentstohelpthemmakediagnoses,theremaystillbeotherproblems.Manydoctors,forexample,don’thaveenoughtrainingtocorrectlyinterpretwhattheysee.3、WithOzcan'smobilephoneapp,healthworkerscantakeaspecialphotoofabloodsampleandsendittoacentralcomputeratahospital.Thecomputerwillthenautomaticallyinterpretthephotoandsendadiagnosisbackinafewminutes.4、HistechnologyonlyrequiresamobilephoneandanInternetconnection.Asmorethanfourbillionpeoplealreadyhavecellphones,thecostofestablishingthediagnosticsystemisfairlylow.Byinventingamedicaltoolthatusesexistingtechnology---mobilephones---Ozcanhasdevelopedamedicaltoolthatisbothpracticalandeconomical.Therefore,itcanbeeffectivelyalmostanywhere.5、A．AnotherreasonthatOzcan'sinventionisimportantisthatitisinexpensive.B．Eventhoughyoumayonlyhaveasimpleinfection(感染),youmightdiebecauseofthedelay.C．Peoplearetryingtoreducethecostofthisnewmedicaltool.D．Ozcan'ssimple,cost-effectivetoolmightjustsavemillionsoflivesaroundtheworld.E.Thistoolhasbecomemuchmorepopularallaroundtheworld.F.Youbecomeverysickandmustwaitdaysuntilamobilemedicalunitarrivestohelp.G.Asaresult,theymaydiagnoseillnessesincorrectly.Acobra(眼镜蛇)wassetfre