膳食指南与食品安全课件

LOGO膳食指南与食品安全LOGO过胖过轻缺乏营养LOGO算一下自己的营养状况？计算方法评

价

指 标（BMI指数）初一男初一女体重/身高的平方（kg/m2）正

常15.5~22.1正

常14.8~21.7低体重=15.4低体重=14.7超

重22.2~24.9超

重=24.5——数据来源：，《国家学生体质健康标准(2014年修订)》3今天的早餐你吃了么？LOGO4议一议：LOGO1.请写下你的早餐食谱，比比看谁的更合理？2.你的早餐存在哪些问题？3.你觉得理想的早餐应该是怎样的？与他人分享你的早餐食谱LOGO6中学生营养不良的表现——全国学生营养日情绪变化大量研究资料显示，情绪不佳、尤其发生异常变化时，应疑其体内某些营养素已告缺乏。郁郁寡欢、反应迟钝、表情麻木，说明体内缺乏蛋白质与铁质，应多食用水产品、肉类、奶制品、畜禽血、蛋黄等高蛋白、高铁食品。忧心忡忡、惊恐不安、失眠健忘，表示体内b族维生素不足，此时补充一些豆类、动物肝、核桃仁等b族维生素丰富的食品大有裨益。固执任性、胆小怕事，多因维生素a、b、c与钙质摄取不足而造成，故动物肝、鱼、虾、奶类、果蔬等食物应予以补足。行为反常不爱交往、行为孤僻、动作笨拙，多为体内缺乏维生素c的结果，在食谱中增加富含此种维生素的食物如番茄、橘子、苹果、白菜与莴苣等是最佳的治疗方法。奥妙在于这些食物中所含的甲基水杨酸盐和维生素c可增强神经的信息传递功能，从而缓解或消除上述症状。行为与年龄不相称，较同龄孩子幼稚可笑，表明氨基酸摄入不足，增加高蛋白食品如瘦肉、豆类、奶类、蛋类等势在必行。夜间磨牙、手脚抽动、易惊醒，常是缺乏钙质的信号，应及时添加绿色蔬菜、奶制品、鱼松、虾皮等食品。喜吃纸屑、煤渣、泥土，此种行为称为“异食癖”，多与体内缺乏铁、锌、锰等矿物元素有关。海带、木耳、蘑菇等含锌较多，禽肉及牡蛎等海产品中锌、锰含量高，应是此类孩子最理想的盘中餐。LOGOLOGO关于“平衡膳食”：食物多样、谷类为主，鲜艳果蔬、三餐相辅；多奶豆乳、胜过药补；魚禽蛋肉、吃的适度；运动进食、出入相符；清淡少盐、低糖食物；戒烟限酒、学会说不；饮食清洁、把好门户；少量多样、多餐杂粮；均衡食广、新鲜至上。8中国人的平衡膳食“宝塔”LOGO9LOGO做一做：LOGO根据“平衡膳食、合理营养”的知识，以小组活动形式设计一份午餐食谱，并说明理由。（3min）LOGO12一、一日三餐，按时进食。口诀：“早上吃得好，中午吃得饱，晚饭吃得少”。二、不偏食，不挑食。三、不暴饮暴食。30%40%

30%LOGO13食品安全LOGO14食品安全当心蔬菜中毒LOGO15鲜芸豆：又名四季豆、刀豆。鲜芸豆中含皂甙和血球凝集素，前者存于豆荚表皮，后者存于豆中。食生或半生不熟都易中毒。芸豆中的有毒物质易溶于水中且不耐高温，熟透无毒。当心蔬菜中毒LOGO16鲜木耳：鲜木耳含有一种啉类光感物质。人食后，这种物质会随血液分布到人体表皮细

胞中，受太阳照射后，可引发日光性皮炎，

暴露皮肤易出现疼痒、水肿、疼痛，甚至发

生局部坏死。这种物质还易被咽喉粘膜吸收，导致咽喉水肿。多食严重者，还会引起呼吸

困难，甚至危及生命。而晒干后的木耳无毒。当心鲜黄花菜：鲜黄花菜中含有一种叫秋水仙碱的有毒物质食入后被胃酸氧脂成二氧秋水仙碱。成人一次吃50—100克未经处理的鲜黄花菜便可中毒。但秋水仙碱易溶于水。遇热易分解，所以食前沸水焯过，清水中浸泡1—2小时，方可解毒。晒干的黄花菜无毒，可放心食用。LOGO17当心蔬菜中毒未腌透的咸菜：萝卜、雪里蕻、白菜等蔬菜中，含有一定数量的无毒硝酸盐。腌菜时由于温度渐高，放盐不足10％，腌制时间又不到8天，造成细菌大量繁殖，使无毒的硝酸盐还原成有毒亚硝酸盐。但咸菜腌制9天后，亚硝酸盐开始下降，15天以后则安全无毒。LOGO18当心蔬菜中毒青西红柿：未成熟的青西红柿中含有大量的生物碱，可被胃酸水解成番茄次碱，多食会出现恶心、呕吐等中毒症状。LOGO19饭后不宜立即进行剧烈运动饭后立即进行剧烈的体育运动对消化有抑制作用。因为人在运动过程中，会作

适应性调节，使肌肉内的血液流量增大，而流经消化器官的血液量就减少，结果

胃、肠蠕动减弱，消化腺的分泌能力降

低，因而影响消化。LOGO20教你识别食品安全标志LOGO21论一论：LOGO221.应当关注食品包装上的哪些内容？识别你手中的食品包装袋，看看他们的安全标识、配方成分、生产日期和保质期等2.怎样判断包装食品是否过了保质期？LOGOHot

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