高二英语选修8名词性从句

高二英语选修８名词性从句的复习RelatedConception(相关概念)什么是名词？表示人或事物的名称的词叫名词。2.名词在句子当中一般可以作什么成分?TheboyisLiMing.Mr.Liang,a24-year-oldboy,teachesusEnglish.主语表语同位语宾语在英语的句子结构中，本来该由名词充当的主语、宾语、表语和同位语，由一个句子来充当,这个句子就叫名词性从句。什么是名词性从句?

Whathewantstotellusisnotclear.

Ibelieve(that)heishonest.

Thequestioniswho(whichofyou)willbethenextspeaker.

Thenewsthathehadlandedonthemoonspreadallovertheworld.

主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句NounClausessubjectiveclause主语从句objectiveclause宾语从句predicativeclause表语从句appositiveclause同位语从句1.名词性从句的语序(陈述句语序)；2.几对重要关联词的区别:whether\if,what\that,what\whatever,who\whoever,etc;3.it用作形式主语或形式宾语代替主语从句或宾语从句；4.根据具体情景选用适当的关联词。高考考查热点引导名词性从句的连接词引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：

连接词：连接代词：连接副词：that,whether,if(不充当从句的任何成分）what,whatever,who,whoever,whom,whose,which…when,where,how,why…

主语从句一个句子在复合句中充当主语叫主语从句。e.g._____theearthisroundistrue.________shewillcomeornotisstillaquestion.____youaredoingseemsverydifficult._____theywillstarthasnotbeendecidedyet.

ThatWhetherWhatWhen引导主语从句的连词是不能省略的。

ThattheearthisroundistrueThat-从句作主语通常用it作先行词，而将that-从句置于句末，例如：

Itistruethattheearthisround.

It'sapitythatyoushouldhavetoleave.你非走不可真是件憾事。Attention2.表示“是否”意义时，一般用whether而不用if引导主语从句，

Whethershewillcomeornotisstillaquestion.3.有时可用形式主语it代替主语从句：

e.g.Itisstillaquestionwhethershewillcomeornot.Ithasnotbeendecidedyetwhentheywillstart.

用it作形式主语的that-从句有以下四种不同的搭配关系：It+be+形容词+that-从句

Itisnecessarythat…有必要……

Itisimportantthat…重要的是……

Itisobviousthat…很明显……b.It+be+-ed分词+that-从句

Itisbelievedthat…人们相信……

Itisknowntoallthat…从所周知……

Ithasbeendecidedthat…已决定……

c.It+be+名词+that-从句

Itiscommonknowledgethat………是常识

Itisasurprisethat…令人惊奇的是……

Itisafactthat…事实是……d.It+不及物动词+that-分句

Itappearsthat…似乎……

Ithappensthat…碰巧……

Itoccurstomethat…

我突然想起……

1.____youdon’tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.A.WhatB.WhoC.ThatD.Whether2.____hesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent.A.WhatB.ThatC.ThefactD.Thematter练一练！

what与that在引导名词性从句时的区别:what引导名词性从句时在从句中充当句子成分,如主语,宾语,表语,表示…的.而that则不然,它在句子中只起连接作用,没有意义.(1)_____yousaidyesterdayisright.(2)_____theearthgoesaroundthesuniswell-knowntoeverybody.

WhatThat特别提醒:1.that引导主语从句时不充当句子成分.2.表“是否”意义时,用whether引导主语从句,而不用if,whether也常与ornot连用.特别注意：A.在主语从句中，只有用it作形式主语时,whether和if都能引导主语从句,否则,也只能用whether。如:

Whetherweshallattendthemeetinghasn’tbeendecidedyet.Ithasn’tbeendecidedwhether(if)weshallattendthemeeting.1.____leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.A.Anyone

B.ThepersonC.Whoever

D.Who2._____thesportsmeetwillbehelddependsontheweather.A.WheneverB.IfC.WhetherD.That3.___isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It4.Whenandwhyhecamehere________yet.A.isnotknown

B.arenotknownC.hasnotknownD.havenotbee5.AfterYangLiweisucceededincirclingtheearth,________ourastronautsdesiretodoistowalkinspace.

A.whereB.whatC.thatD.how6.ItworriedMaryalot_____shewouldpassthecollegeentranceexamination.

A.whetherB.whatC.thatD.how

宾语从句在句中充当及物动词或介词宾语的句子叫做宾语从句。我不知道你会来这里。Idon’tknow（that）youwillcomehere.注意：that在从句中不充当任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常常被省去。特别提示1.由连接词that引导宾语从句时，that在句中不担任任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去，但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不可省。Hesaid____hehadeatennothingforalongtimeand____hewasveryhungry.A.that,/B./,thatC./,/D.what,whatB2.下列宾语从句必须用whether引导，不可用if:a.

从句后有or

not

时，不可用if:Idon’tknowwhetherhewillcomeornot.

b.

介词宾语通常用whether引导:Itdependson

whether

heiscomingornot.这要看他是否会来。

c.后接动词不定式时。Canyoutellmewhethertogoortostay?你能否告诉我是去还是留？3.用who，whom,which,whose,what,when,where,why,how,whoever,whatever,whichever等关联词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句，应注意句子语序要用陈述语序。

翻译:1.你知道他多大了?我想知道他告诉了你什么。Iwanttoknow___________________.

她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。Shealwaysthinksof_____________凡需要帮助的人，她都会给予热情的支持。Shewillgive__________________awarmsupport.Doyouknowhowoldheis?whathehastoldyou.howshecanwork

well.whoeverneedshelp4.宾语从句中的否定转移我认为他不会来这里Ithinkhewon’tcomehere.()Idon’tthinkhewillcomehere.()注意：如果宾语从句是由think,believe,imagine,suppose等词引导的时候，要将从句中的否定形式转移到主句中去。5.it充当形式宾语的情况.findconsiderthinkbelievefeelmake…+it+adj./n.+(forsb.)todosth.

that从句翻译:1.我觉得我们输掉这场比赛是一种耻辱.

2.我们发现与他相处很容易.Iconsideritashamethatwehavelostthegame.Wefinditeasytogetalongwithhim.表语从句一个句子在复合句中充当表语就叫表语从句.表语从句放在连系动词后，如：be，seem,

remain等，有时用asif引导。其基本结构为：主语+系动词+that从句。

e.g.

我们的目的是他能认识到错误。Ourpurposeis_______________________.注意：引导表语从句的连接词一般不省略。问题是它是否值得做。Thequestionis________________________.thathecanrealizehisfaults.whetheritisworthdoing.注意：表语从句表示“是否”只用“whether”而不用“if”特别提醒1.表语从句中的时态不受主句的限制.2.

表语从句是不用if引导的,要用whether.３．主语是reason时，表语从句常用that，不用because.

Thereasonforhisabsencewasthathewasill.4.两个常见句式:Thatiswhy…这就是…的原因Thatisbecause…这就是为什么…(1).Hedidnotseethefilmlastnight.Thatis______hehadtohelphislittlesisterwithherhomework.(2).Hehadseenthefilmbefore.Thatis_____hedidnotseeitlastnight.(3)Youaresayingthateveryoneshouldbeequal,andthisis_____Idisgree.becausewhywhere----IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek.

----Isthat______youhadafewdaysoff?(NMET1999)

A.whyB.whatC.whenD.where

2.____shecouldn’tunderstandwas_____fewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlessons.

A.What;whyB.That;whyC.What;becauseD.Why;that

3.Goandgetyourcoat．It's____youleftit．

A.whereB.thereC.herewhereD.wherethere4.Whytheexplosionoccurredwas________thelaboratoryattendanthadbeencareless.A.for

B.because

C.since

D.that5.Thecityisnolonger________.A.whatitis

B.thatitusedtobe

C.whichitwasD.whatitused

tobe6.Theproblemis_______hehasenoughtime.

A.ifB.whetherC./D.that

4.同位语从句同位语从句属于名词性从句,大多由从属连词that引导,常常跟在fact,news,idea,thought,question,reply,report,remark,hope,belief等名词后面。同位语从句一般用来解释或说明这些名词的具体含义或内容,在逻辑上表现为同为关系。Theyarefamiliarwiththeopinion_____allmatterconsistsofatoms.Wheredidyougettheidea_____Icouldnotcome.Thesuggestioncamefromthechairman_____thenewruleshouldbeadopted.thatthatthat（一）1、Doyouknowwhere

now?A、helivesB、doesheliveC、helivedD、didhelive2、Canyoutellmewhattime

？A、thetrainleaveB、doesthetrainleaveC、willthetrainleaveD、thetrainleaves3、Ican’tunderstand_______

A、whatdoesChristmasmeanB、whatChristmasdoesmeanC、whatmeanChristmasdoesD、whatChristmas