考研《英语一》河北省张家口市下花园区2023年预测试卷含解析

考研《英语一》河北省张家口市下花园区2023年预测试卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)ChristinaParrabrushedhercane(手杖)acrossthecarpetattheentrancetoWalgreens.Shetappedherwaypasttheshoppingcarts(手推车)andredlipsticksshecouldonly1.Christina,a16-year-oldwithtwoprosthetic(假的)browneyes,hadvisitedthisstoreseveraltimesin2forthismoment:Shewasshopping.Lovesongs3throughtheloudspeakersoftheNorthHighlands,Californiastore.ChristinareachedtheendofAisle(通道)1-Aandturnedright,4herwaypastsmoothbottlesofliquidsoap,towardtheindividualsoapbars.Shewantedtobuyabarofsoap.Asimplegoal,butnot5aneasyone.Christinawas18monthsoldwhenshewasdiagnosedwithcancerinbothhereyes.Doctors6Christina’slefteyeimmediately;afewyearslater,theyremovedtheright.Sincethen,activitiesotherkids7forgranted—takingabus,8thestreet,shoppingatastore—haveposed(造成)plentyof9forher.Theteachershowedthelittlegirlhowtofindherclassroomby10hercanealongalawn’sedge.Shelearnedtocountdrivewayswhile11toacertainaddress.Yetforalongtime,shoppingstillseemed12.Howwouldsheeverwalk13thosevastaisles,14withrowafterrowofproductsshecouldn’tsee?Finally,Christinatoldherteacherthatshewasreadytoshop15.Together,theytookinventory(目录册)atWalgreens.Overthecourseofseveral16,ZermenotoldChristinathekindsofproductseachaisleheld;Christinatookcareful17onherBraillecomputer(盲人电脑).And18itwas,onMonday,thather19cametorestonthebarsofsoap.Shefeltherwaydowntoalowershelf,untilshe20theoneshewanted.1、A．seeB．findC．imagineD．smell2、A．searchB．preparationC．praiseD．favor3、A．wentB．gotC．flewD．passed4、A．forcingB．feelingC．findingD．losing5、A．fortunatelyB．clearlyC．necessarilyD．differently6、A．removedB．curedC．treatedD．rebuilt7、A．makeB．takeC．haveD．get8、A．cleaningB．buildingC．crossingD．wandering9、A．challengesB．joyC．pleasureD．disasters10、A．wavingB．tappingC．touchingD．moving11、A．appearingB．turningC．pointingD．walking12、A．scaryB．uncertainC．possibleD．frightened13、A．acrossB．throughC．overD．by14、A．surroundedB．coveredC．filledD．decorated15、A．ofherownB．onherownC．toherownD．atherown16、A．failuresB．effortsC．attemptsD．visits17、A．noticeB．attentionC．focusD．notes18、A．soB．yetC．moreoverD．besides19、A．caneB．fingersC．noseD．cart20、A．sawB．smelledC．boughtD．locatedSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Youknowthosenutritionguidelinesthegovernmentissueseveryfewyears?Itturnsoutthatfollowingthemisn'tjustgoodforyourhealth.It'sgoodfortheplanet,too.“Whatwefoundisthatimpactsvaryacrossnations,butinthehigh­impactnations,ingeneral,youcanseethat,ifyoufollowanationallyrecommendeddiet,despitethefactthatthesedietsdon'tmentionexplicitly—ormostofthemdon'texplicitlymention—environmentalimpacts,thatyouaregoingtohavelowerenvironmentalimpactsduetothat.Sothat'ssortoffairlyclearacrossallthehigh­incomenations.”saidPaulBehrens,anenvironmentalscientistatLeidenUniversityintheNetherlands.Thefoodweeattakesabigtollontheenvironment.Athirdoftheice­freelandonEarthisusedforagriculture,andaccordingtosomeestimates,producingfoodaccountsforroughlyafifthofallhuman­causedgreenhousegasemissions.Fertilizerrunoffalsoleadstootherproblems,likethealgaebloomsinLakeEerieandtheDeadZoneintheGulfofMexico.However,followingdietaryguidelineswouldreducethoseimpacts,especiallyinwealthycountriesliketheUS.“Mostofthereductionscomefrommeatanddairy，”whichhaveanoutsizedimpactonlanduseandpollution,andareamajorsourceofgreenhousegases.(That'spartlyduetocowfarts.Seriously.)Followingthesuggestionswouldalsomeaneatingfewercalories,sincemanypeoplehereeatmorethantheyneed.Overall,inhigh­incomecountries,Behren'steamestimatesthatfollowingtherulescouldresultinasmuchasa17percentreductioninlanduse,a21percentreductioninnutrientpollution,anda25percentdropinagriculturalgreenhousegasemissions.Cuttingdownonhowmuchfoodwewaste—whichisroughlyathirdintheUS—couldhelpevenmore.TheresultsareintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences.Ofcourse,peoplearenotoriouslybadatfollowingdiets.But:“Thesenationallyrecommendedguidelinesdoactuallyhaveaknock­oneffectonotherareasofpolicymaking.SoifI'mdevelopinganewhealthy­eating­for­schoolsprogramthenthat'sgoingtobebasedoffalotofdetailthatIgetfromthenationallyrecommendedguidelines.Sowhileitmightnotnecessarilybethecasethatpeoplefollowdirectly…theyactuallyarequiteinfluentialonthepreparationofotheradvice.”Itseemsthatasmallerenvironmentalfootprintandahealthierlifestylecouldgohandinhand.1、WhichofthefollowingstatementwillPaulBehrensapproveof?A．Followinganationallyrecommendeddietcanhavesimilarimpactsindifferentcountries.B．Followinganationallyrecommendeddietcandogoodtoourhealth.C．Notallthecountrieshaverecommendeddietsinanexplicitmanner.D．Somehigh­incomenationsdon'tmentionthedietexplicitlyforitsimpactscanbeignored.2、Whatdotheunderlinedwords“takesabigtollon”inparagraph3probablymean?A．showssignsof B．hasabadeffectonC．takesfulladvantageof D．makesupfor3、WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．Foodproductioncanleadtoabout20percentofhuman­causedgreenhousegaswithonlyathirdoftheice­freelandused.B．Itisestimatedthatfollowingdietaryguidelinescanleadtodecreaseinmorelandusethaninnutrientpollution.C．PaulBehrens'newprogramconcerninghealthyeatingforschoolsislikelytobebasedonnationalnutritionguidelines.D．Somewealthycountriestendtoreducemeatanddairythoughtheotherareasofpolicymakingisn'teffectedmuch.Text2ZachBonnerknowsjusthowfartryingcangetyou.Earlierthismonththeeleven-year-oldcompletedhisbiggestcharityprojecttodate.HewalkedalmosttwothousandkilometersfromhishomeinFloridatoWashingtonD．C．toraisemoneyforhomelesschildreninAmerica.Zachcalledhisproject"FromMyHousetotheWhiteHouse".HecarriedamessagetotheAmericanpresidentandlawmakers.HeaskedforhelpforthehomelesschildrenintheUnitedStates.ThewalkraisedtensofthousandsofdollarsforZach'scause.HismothersaysZachhasalwaysenjoyedcommunityservicework.ItbeganwhenHurricaneCharleyhitFloridain2014.Zachdecidedtohelpvictimsbywalkingaroundhisareawithhislittleredwagoncollectingandgivingoutbottlesofwater.Hegotthenickname"LittleRedWagonBoy".Now,"LittleRedWagon"isthenameofZach'sfoundation.Ithasraisedmoneyforplaygroundsandsheltersforhomelesschildren.Zachalsogivesoutthousandsofbackpacks.Hefillseach"Zachpac"withatoy,personalcleaningsupplies,socks,sewingsupplies,afirst-aidkitandfood.Zachhaswonmanyawards,metseveralpresidentsandbeenontelevision.Butthatisnotwhyhewantstohelppeople.ZachBonnersaysifyouhaveagoodheartyouhavetouseit.And,hesays,charityworkisalotoffun.Eighteen-year-oldChristinaJohnsonandheroldersisterGenevastartedtheirproject,"BringItOn"intheBronxareaofNewYorkCityin2014.Theywantedtoimprovetheplacewheretheylived.Theareawassodangerousthattheirparentswouldnotletthemplayoutside.Thegirlsstartedaprogramtoempowerchildrenintheircommunity."BringItOn"organizesenvironmental"jams"tocleanupwasteinthearea.Thegroupalsoholdsclassesandtalksonhealth,leadership,howtosetupsmallbusinessesandotherissues."BringItOn"receivesmoneyandothersupportfromlocalbusinessesandothersponsors.1、WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutZachBonner?A．Hehadpersuadedhismothertoworkwithhim.B．Hiswalkhelpedraisealargeamountofmoney.C．Hewonhisnicknamebyhelpingthevictimswithalittleredwagon.D．Heenjoyedhimselfindoingcommunityservicework.2、WhywasZachBonner'sfoundationstarted?A．ToasktheAmericanpresidentandlawmakersforhelp.B．Towinawardsandappearontelevision.C．Tohavealotoffunwithotherpeople.D．Toraisemoneyforhomelesschildren.3、Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"empowerchildren"inthelastparagraphreferto?A．Givechildrenthepowertodoanything.B．Takecontrolofchildren.C．Enablechildrentolivesafely.D．Stopchildrenplayingwitheachother.4、Whatcanbeinferredaccordingtothetext?A．"LittleRedWagon"and"BringItOn"arethenicknamesofyouths.B．YoungpeopleareleadingthewayinvolunteeringintheUnitedStates.C．Thegirlsstartedtheirprogramtofindlostchildrenintheircommunity.D．ChristinaJohnsonandGenevaaremakingeffortstoraisemoney.Text3Devon,17,isusedtopayingherowncellphoneandcarexpenses.Butlatelyit'sbeenharder.Thefamilyshebaby-sitsforhasn’tbeencallingasmuchasusualandshecouldn'tfindajoboverthesummer.Devon'sdadsaidit'sasignofthetougheconomy.Hetoldherhe'sfeelingthepinchtooandthathehadtousehercollegefundtopaytheloan(货款).Thiskindofmoneytroublesisn'tstrangetocommonfamiliesthesedays.Infact,it'shardtoavoidnewsabouttheeconomyonthescreenoftheTVorthecomputersrecently.Itcanseemabitworryandsomefamiliesarehitreallyhard.Formostpeople,thebigproblemisthatthingscostmoreatatimewhentheyhavelessmoneytospend.Buthigherpricesaren'ttheonlyproblem.Manypeoplearehavingatoughtimemakingpaymentsonsometypesofhomeloans.Therefore,somefamiliesarecuttingbackonwhattheyspend.Forexample,eatingoutless,stayinghomeinsteadofgoingonvacation,movingtoalessexpensivehouseandsoon.However,asdiscouragingasthingsmayseemnow,thegoodnewsisthattheeconomyalwaysgetsbackontrackafterawhile.Jobsmaybehardtofind,butthesloweconomycanopenupnewopportunities.ThecoupleDevonbabysatformightcutbackonevening'sout,buttheycouldbeinterestedinhiringherforafter-schoolcare.Perhapsit'stimetosellheroldtoysandbabygear(设备)inthebasement(地下室)orhelpothersselltheseitemsonlineifsheisgoodatit.Shecouldchargethemafeetoselltheiroldstuff(东西).1、Whatdoestheunderlinedphraseinthefirstparagraphreferto?A．Gettinghurt.B．Receivinglesscalls.C．Outofwork.D．Shortofmoney2、Accordingtothepassage,whatconstantlyappearsonthescreennowadays?A．Newsonthetougheconomy.B．Devon'sfamilytroubles.C．Advertisementsforbabysitters.D．Informationonyardsales.3、Whatdopeopledotoovercomethetougheconomy?A．Tostrikeforhighpay.B．Toopenanewstoretoselltoys.C．Tocutdowntheirexpense.D．Tomovetootherplacesforvocations.4、Thepassageismainlyabout________A．Devon’sownfamilymoneytroublesB．familytroublesmadebytougheconomyC．waysofsolvingthesloweconomyD．theincreasingpricesandexpensesText4AgroupofCanadiankidsarealreadyspreadingabitofChristmasspiritinHalifax，NovaScotia,bywrappingwarmclothingaroundlamppolesforthecity’shomelesstopickupanduse.Thesightofwarmlydressedpolescaughtrecentlytheattentionoflocals,whostoppedtoclickpicturestoshareonsocialmedia.Everyyear,TaraAtkinscollectswarmclothingfromhercommunity,inordertogivetothelessfortunate.Thisyear,shetooktoFacebooktocallfordonationsandtheresponsewasstrong—theirfrontporch(门厅）wasfilledwithbagsofclothes.SincethefamilywastravelingtoHalifaxonNovember15withtheirdaughterJaydaandsevenofherfriendstocelebrateher8thbirthday,Taradecideditwastheperfecttimetoteachthechildrenavaluablelifelesson.Thekidsspenttimehandingoutcoatstoanyhomelesstheymetonthestreetsandtiedtherestaroundlamppostsforotherstopickup.AccordingtoTara,theexperiencehelpedthechildrenbetterunderstandthedifficultsituationofhomelesspeoplehavingtoconfronttheseverewinteronthestreets.Thereisnowaytobesurethatthecoatslefthangingonstreetpostswereactuallypickedupbythehomeless,butTarasayssheisn’ttooworriedaboutthat.Bynextmorning,allthejacketsandscarvesonthepostsweregone.Photographsoftheinspiringprojecthavebeensharedabout8,000timesonFacebook,andgotover10,000likes.Tara,whodidsomethingsimilarinTorontoinDecemberlastyear,saysshe’salreadyplanningnextyear’scoatdrive.She’shopingtospreadthewordwellaheadoftime,somorepeoplecancontribute.Andshealsowantstoadd$5fastfoodgiftcardssotherecipients(接受者）canalsoenjoyahotmeal.“We’vehadhelpfromotherswhenwewereinneed,andweknewhowgreatitmadeusfeel,”saidZacharyAtkins,Tara’shusband.1、Howdidlocalsrespondatthesightofthewarmlydressedpoles?A．Theygotconfused.B．Theywereannoyed.C．Theytookphotosandspreadthenews.D．Theyunwrappedandputontheclothes.2、WhydidTaraAtkinsgotoHalifaxonNovember15?A．Togosightseeing.B．TocelebrateJayda’sbirthday.C．Tocollectwarmclothingforthehomeless.D．Tospendtheholidaywithfamily.3、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“confront”inParagraph3mean?A．Face. B．Discuss.C．Enjoy. D．Describe.4、Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．Taraissurethatthecoatswillbepickedupbythehomeless.B．PeoplerespondedwarmlytothephotographsonFacebook.C．Taraisappealingtothegovernmenttodonate.D．ZacharyAtkinsisagainstwhatTarahasdone.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Asisknown,Chinaisagreatcountrywithatime-honoredhistoryandprofoundcultureWhile1．(mention)Chineseculture,ChineseteaculturecannotbemissedItisthecultureofmakingteaanddrinkingteainChina,whichis2．(difference)fromthatofEurope,Britain,andJapanInChina,drinkingtea3．(refer)astastingtea,whichnotonlymeansdistinguishingthequalityoftea,butalsoenjoyingthepleasureoffallingintothedreamaboutlifewhiledrinkingteaAshortretreatfromamuchbusierlife,makeacupoftea4．tasteitinaquietplaceonyourown,notonlyrelievingtirednessbutalsorefreshing5．(you)soulheartilyChinaisacountrywithatime-honoredcivilization,6．isquiteparticularaboutceremonyandetiquette(礼节)Whenguestspayavisit,etiquetteofmakingteaforguestsis7．(basic)requiredWhenmakingtea,properblendingoftea8．(leaf)isquitenecessary,sothatfavorableflavorwouldbecreatedWhendrinkingteawithguests,payattentionstothetealeftin9．cupofguestsanditshouldberefilledwhenthecupishalf-fullIf10．(accompany)withteadessert,candiesanddishes,drinkingteawouldbemoretastefulandjoyfulAsweallknow,wearewhatweeatThat’sbecausewhatweeateverydayhas1．greateffectonourhealthTherefore,weshouldmakeeveryeffort2．(change)ourbadeatinghabitsAlthoughbakedorfriedfoodsmaybe3．(taste),eatingtoomuchofthemwill4．(probable)resultinsomeillnesses5．,somefoodthatcostsusagreatdealofmoneyandisnothealthyisjunkfoodComparedwithpeopleintheWest,Chinesepeopleusedtoeatmoregrainandvegetables,but6．(little)meat,whichisagoodeatinghabitHowever,thingsarequitedifferentnowWiththerapideconomic7．(grow)ofourcountry,wenowalsoeatalotoffoodthatishighinsugarandfatWe8．(run)theriskeatingoutwithoutconsideringthebalanceofourdietThefoodwechooseaffectsourhealth,sowemustkeep9．mindthatthefoodwechooseshouldgive10．(we)thenutrientsweneedSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)CowboysintheUSCowboysplayedanimportantroleinthesettlingofthewest.Ranching(牧场经营)wasabigindustryandcowboyshelpedtoruntheranches.1、TheRoundupEachspringandfallthecowboyswouldworkonthe“roundup”.2、Cattlewouldwalkfreelymuchoftheyearandthenthecowboyswouldneedtobringthemin.Inordertotellwhatcattlebelongedtotheirranch,thecattlewouldhaveaspecialmarkburnedintothemcalleda“brand“.HorseandSaddle(马鞍）Themostimportantitemofanycowboywashishorseandsaddle.Thesaddleswereoftencustom-made(定制的)and,nexttohishorse,probablythemostvaluableitemacowboyowned.3、ClothingCowboysworespecialclothingthathelpedthemwiththeirjobs.Theyworelarge10-gallonhatstoprotectthemfromthesunandtherain.Theyworespecialcowboybootsthathelpedthemtogetinandoutofthestirrups(马镫）whenridingahorse.4、Manycowboysworechapsontheoutsidesoftheirlegstohelpprotectthemfromsharpbushesthattheirhorsemayrubupagainst.CowboyCode5、Thecodeincludedsuchrulesasbeingpoliteandrespectful,alwayssaying“howdy”,notwavingatamanonahorse(youshouldnod),neverridinganotherman’shorsewithouthispermission,alwayshelpingsomeoneinneed,andneverputtingonanotherman’shat.A．Theyherdedcattle,repairedbuildings,andtookcareofthehorses.B．ThecowboysoftheOldWesthadanunwrittencodethattheylivedby.C．Thiswhenthecowboyswouldbringinallthecattlefromtheopenranch.D．Horsesweresoimportantthatanyonecaughtstealingahorsewasusuallyhanged!E.Theirclothinggrewoutofpracticalneedandtheenvironmentinwhichtheyworked.F.Thiswasespeciallyimportantiftheyfell,sotheywouldn'tgetdraggedbytheirhorse.G.TheyhavedeephistoricrootsdatingbacktotheearliestEuropeansettlersofAmerica.Somepeopleputtheirbicyclesawayoncetheylearnhowtodriveacar.Formanypeople,bicyclingisnotju