考研《英语一》四川省阿坝藏族羌族自治州红原县2023年临考冲刺试题含解析

考研《英语一》四川省阿坝藏族羌族自治州红原县2023年临考冲刺试题SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)IwasridingthetrainhomefromadowntownChicagocourtroom.Iwassittinginmyseat,intears.lookingoutofthewindow,hopingnoonewould1.MyhusbandandIhadjustendedourmarriage,andmyheartwasfilledwith2Ihadneverfeltsohelplessandlonely.3,ahandappeared-thetinybeautifulhandofawoman.She4measmallenvelope,thensmiledanddisappearedbeforeIcouldevenlookintohereyesandexpressmy5.Ontheoutsideoftheenvelopewerearainbowandasun,drawn6inpen.Insideitwerethe7wordsIhadeverread:Iknowyoudon’t8me.butIwaswatchingyouthere9andmyheartgoesouttoyou.10Iamonlyastrangertoyou,IfeelyourpainandI11.Itmaynotseemthatway,butthesunwill12againandyouwillseetherainbowLove.SomeonewhocaresIneversawthewomanagain.But13,thismysterious14hasremaineddeepinsidemyheart.Italwaystellsmethatwearenever15.In16tomeinmyhardship,thiswomanfilledmewitha17love.Itmakesmerealizethatnomatterhowsadmylifeseemsthereisalways18.Andmoreimportantly,heractof19wokemeuptotheamazingconnectionbetweenhumanbeings.IknownowifItakeoneminute,onesecond,tostopandshowloveandcaretootherswhomaybehurting.Icanmakea(n)20.1、A．read B．observe C．notice D．follow2、A．sadness B．excitement C．happiness D．sympathy3、A．Shyly B．Naturally C．Frequently D．Suddenly4、A．threw B．handed C．recommended D．tore5、A．thanks B．fear C．love D．support6、A．hurriedly B．gently C．slowly D．heavily7、A．wisest B．warmest C．clearest D．simplest8、A．accept B．treat C．know D．remember9、A．sleeping B．waiting C．laughing D．crying10、A．Because B．While C．When D．If11、A．appreciate B．fail C．care D．admit12、A．set B．move C．disappear D．shine13、A．once B．still C．ever D．again14、A．postwoman B．feeling C．gift D．scene15、A．alone B．poor C．quiet D．stupid16、A．openingup B．gettingover C．livingthrough D．reachingout17、A．strange B．great C．crazy D．similar18、A．pleasure B．success C．hope D．luck19、A．kindness B．courage C．politeness D．patience20、A．offer B．decision C．promise D．differenceSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1TheGrandCanyon(大峡谷)HelicopterTourYou'11discoverthenaturalbeautyoftheGrandCanyonasyourhelicopterfliestothewestedge，passingoverLakeLasVegas，LakeMeadandtheHooverDam．Duringtheflight，youcanlistentoarecordedintroductiontotheGrandCanyonanditssurroundingsviaheadphones．Atnoon，you’11landforanunforgettablechampagnepicnic，3，200feetbelowtheedge．Whileyoushareabottleofchampagne，yourpilotandguidewillbehappytoansweranyquestionsyoumayhave．Yourflightendswithalow-levelpassoverthefamousLasVegasStrip．Onlanding，acomfortablecariswaitingtobringyoubacktoyourhotel．Eachhelicoptercarriesamaximumof6peopleincludingyourpilot．Foraroomierexperience，upgradeyourflighttoanEC-130helicopterwhichprovideslargerlegroomandcanaccommodatemoreweightperseat．SeeAdditionalInfofordetailsonweightrestrictions．PricingInformation●Servicesincluded：45-minute(approx)flighteachway，hotelpickupanddrop-offby1imousine，1unch．●Ourpriceisconstantlyupdated．Clicktocheckpricing&availabilityonyourpreferredtraveldate．AdditionalInformation●ThemaximumweightperpassengertorideinanA-Starhelicopteris2751bs．Ifpassengersweighinbetween2751bsand3001bs，youwillberequiredtoupgradetotheEC-130．●PickupisavailablefromselectedLasVegashotels．Youmustcontactthelocaltravelagencytofixyourpickuptime．●Allflighttimesareapproximateandmightbeinfluencedbyweatherconditions．TravelerReviewThisisanabsolutemustdo．TheviewoftheGrandCanyonathisheightwasabsolutelyamazing!Ourpilotwasfunny，knowledgeableandagreatguide．Allthestafffrombookingtocheck-inandhelicopterdeparturewerefantastic．Iwouldrecommendthistourtoeveryone．1、Wherewillyouhaveyourlunchduringthetour?A．Inthehotel．B．Onthehelicopter．C．IntheCanyon．D．OntheLasVegasStrip．2、InwhatconditionwillyoubeadvisedtotakeanEC-130flight?A．Youweighlessthan2751bs．B．Youtravelwithover6people．C．Youwanttospendlessmoney．D．Youwanttotravelmorecomfortably．3、Whatshouldyoudotobepickedupfromthehotel?A．Turntoyourguide．B．Callthetravelagency．C．Bookinadvance．D．Payanextracharge．4、What’sthepurposeofthelastpartofthetext?A．Topraisethepilotandstaff．B．Todescribetheviewofthetour．C．Toencouragepotentialconsumers．D．Tointroducethewriterofthereview．Text2In1874FrancisGalton,aBritishprofessor,analysedasampleofEnglishscientistsandfoundthevastmajoritytobefirst-bornsons.Thisledhimtotheorisethatfirst-bornchildrenenjoyedaspeciallevelofattentionfromtheirparentsthatallowedthemtoadvanceintellectually.HalfacenturylaterAlfredAdler,anAustrianpsychologist,madeasimilarargumentrelatingtopersonality.First-bornchildren,hesuggested,weremorediligent,whilethelater-bornweremoreoutgoingandemotionallystable.Manysubsequentstudieshaveexploredtheseideas,buttheirfindingshavebeenvaried-somesupportingandsomerejectingtheoriginalconclusions.Themainproblemwiththepreviousstudiesisthattheyweretoosmall-oftenlimitedtoafewdozenindividuals.Thiswouldbetrueevenifthestatisticalmethodsneededtoanalysethedataweresimple,buttheyarenot.Distinguishingbirth-ordereffectsfromthosecausedbyfamilysizecomplicatesmatters,meaningstillbiggersamplesmustbeanalysedtoobtainmeaningfulresults.Toovercomethelimitationoftheseearlierstudies,GermansocialscientistDr.HelmetSchmukleandhiscolleaguesanalysedthreehugesetsofdatafromAmerica,BritainandGermany.Thesedatasets,thoughcollectedforotherpurposes,includedpersonalityandintelligencetestson20,186peopleatdifferentstagesoftheirlives.TheAmericantestswereonindividualsagedbetween29and35.TheBritishtestswereconductedon50-year-olds.TheGermantestsranthewholespanofadultlife,from18to98.Birthorder,theyfound,hadnoeffectonpersonality:first-bornswerenomore,norless,likelythantheiryoungersiblingstobehardworking,outgoingoranxious.Butitdidaffectintelligence.Inafamilywithtwochildren,thefirstchildwasmoreintelligentthanthesecond60%ofthetime,ratherthanthe50%thatwouldbeexpectedbychance.Onaverage,thistranslatedtoadifferenceof1.5IQpointsbetweenfirstandsecondsiblings.Thatfigureagreeswithpreviousstudies,andthuslooksconfirmed.Itis,nevertheless,quiteasmalldifference-andwhetheritisenoughtoaccountforGalton'soriginalobservationisunclear.Inanyevent,itiscertainlynotdeterministic.Galtonwastheyoungestofnine.1、AlfredAdlerconcludedthatfirst-bornchildrenwere________.A．morestableB．moresociableC．moreintelligentD．morehardworking2、Whatdoestheunderlined“they”inparagraph2referto?A．Thedata.B．Theanalyses.C．Thepreviousstudies.D．Thestatisticalmethods.3、WhywasSchmukle'sstudyconsideredsuperiortopreviousresearch?A．Itinvolvedawideragerange.B．Ithadamuchlargersamplesize.C．Itincludedalargernumberofcountries.D．Itwasconductedoveralongerperiodoftime.4、WhydoestheauthormentionGalton'sfamilybackgroundinthelastparagraph?A．ToconfirmGalton'sdifficultupbringing.B．TosuggestGalton'stheorymaynotbecorrect.C．TocomparehisexperiencewithGalton'sparents.D．ToexplainwhyGaltonwasinterestedinbirthorder.Text3Moneyistherootofallevil(邪恶)andnewstudyclaimstheremaybesometruthbehindthesaying.ScientistsattheUniversityofCaliforniaBerkeley,US,announcedonFebruary27thatrichpeoplearemorelikelytodoimmoralthings,suchaslieorcheat,thanpoorerpeople.Thescientistsdidaseriesofeightexperiments.TheypublishedtheirfindingsonlineintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences(PNA《美国国家科学院院刊》).TheycarriedoutthefirsttwoexperimentsfromthesidewalknearBerkeley.Theynotedthatdriversofnewerandmoreexpensivecarsweremorelikelytocutoffothercarsandpedestriansatcrosswalks.Nearly45percentofpeopledrivingexpensiveearsignoredapedestriancomparedwithonly30percentofpeopledrivingmowmodestcars.Inanotherexperiment,agroupofcollegestudentswasaskediftheywoulddoimmoralthingsinvariouseverydaysituations.Examplesincludedtakingprinterpaperfromworkandnottellingasalespersonwhenheorshegavebackmorechange.Studentsfromhigher—classfamiliesweremorelikelytoactdishonestly.Accordingtothescientists,richpeopleoftenthinkmoneycangetthemoutoftrouble.Thismakesthemlessafraidtotakerisks,Italsomeanstheycarelessaboutotherpeople’sfeelings.Finally,itjustmakesthemgreedier.“Higherwealthstatusseemstomakeyouwantevenmore,andthatincreasedwantleadsyoutobendtherulesorbreaktherulestoserveyourself-interest,”saidPaulPiff,leadscientistofthestudy.Piffpointedoutthatthefindingsdon’tmeanthatallrichpeopleareuntrustworthyorallpoorpeoplehonest.Hesaidtheexperimentsweretoshowhowpeoplelivingindifferentsocialsituationsexpresstheirinstincts（本能）andvaluesindifferentways.1、Bysaying“moneyistherootofallevil”,theauthorwantsto.A．linkwealthwithbadbehaviorB．drawreaders’attentiontotheresearchC．showhowthesayingprovesthefindingsD．defendrichpeoplewhodoimmoralthings2、Accordingtothescientists,whichisNOTthefactorthatmakesrichpeopleimmoral?A．Theywelcomerisks.B．Theyhavemoredesires.C．Theybelievemoneytalks.D．Theybecomemoreselfish.3、Whydidthescientistsdotheexperiments?A．Toshowhowsocialstatusaffectspeople’smorality.B．Toshowpeople’sinstinctsandvaluesindifferentways.C．Totestwhetherthesaying“moneyistherootofallevil”istrue.D．Toshowthedifferencebetweenhigher-classpeopleandlower-classpeople.4、Whatdoesthepassagereallywanttoshowus?A．Thepoorarerespectable.B．Moneyistherootofallevil.C．Allrichpeopleareuntrustworthy.D．Thericharemorelikelytoactbadly.Text4Astheworld’spopulationgrows,farmerswillneedtoproducemoreandmorefood.Andlargefarmsareincreasinglyusingprecisionfarmingtoincreaseyields(产量),reducewaste,andreducetheeconomicandsecurityrisksthatinevitablyaccompanyagriculturaluncertainty.Traditionalfarmingreliesonmanagingentirefields—makingdecisionsrelatedtoplanting,harvesting,irrigating,andapplyingpesticidesandfertilizer(农药和化肥)—basedonregionalconditionsandhistoricaldata.Precisionfarming,bycontrast,combinessensors,robots,GPS,mappingtoolsanddata-analyticssoftwaretocustomize（量身定制）thecarethatplantsreceivewithoutincreasinglabor.Robot-mountedsensorsandcamera-equippeddrones(无人机)wirelesslysendimagesanddataonindividualplantstoacomputer,whichlooksforsignsofhealthandstress.Farmersreceivethefeedbackinrealtimeandthendeliverwater,pesticideorfertilizerinadjusteddoses（剂量）toonlytheareasthatneedit.Thetechnologycanalsohelpfarmersdecidewhentoplantandharvestcrops.Asaresult,precisionfarmingcanimprovetimemanagement,reducewaterandchemicaluse,andproducehealthiercropsandhigheryields—allofwhichbenefitfarmers’bottomlinesandconserveresourceswhilereducingchemicalrunoff.Manysmallbusinessesaredevelopingnewsoftware,sensors,andothertoolsforprecisionfarming,asarelargecompaniessuchasMonsanto,JohnDeere,Bayer,DowandDuPont.TheU.S.DepartmentofAgriculture,NASAandtheNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministrationallsupportprecisionfarming,andmanycollegesnowoffercourseworkonthetopic.Inarelateddevelopment,seedproducersareapplyingtechnologytoimproveplantcharacteristics.Byfollowingindividualplantsovertimeandanalyzingwhichonesflourishindifferentconditions,companiescanrelatetheplants’responsetotheirenvironmentswiththeirgenomics(基因组学).Thatinformation,inturn,allowsthecompaniestoproduceseedvarietiesthatwillgrowwellinspecificsoilandweatherconditions.Thisadvancedtechnologymayalsohelptoimprovecropnutrition.Farmersdonotuniversallywelcomeprecisionagricultureforvariousreasons,suchashighequipmentcostsandlackofaccesstotheInternet.Thetechnologymaybringgreatchallengestoexperiencedfarmerswhoarenotgoodatcomputers.Andlargesystemswillalsobebeyondthereachofmanysmallfarmingoperationsindevelopingnations.Butlessexpensive,simplersystemscouldpotentiallybeapplied.Forothers,though,costsavingsinthelongrunmayreducethefinancialconcerns.Andhoweverreticentsomefarmersmaybetoadoptnewtechnology,thenextgenerationoffarmersarelikelytowarmtotheapproach.1、Precisionfarmingdiffersfromtraditionalfarmingpartlybecauseit________.A．guaranteeshighyieldswithmorelaborB．reliesonregionalconditionsandhistoricaldataC．offersplentyofwater,pesticidesandfertilizerD．providesrealtimeinformationabouttargetcrops2、Aboutprecisionfarming,wecanlearnthat________.A．thegovernmentholdsacautiousattitudeB．itdrawspositiveresponsesfrombusinessesC．seedproducershavealreadymadehugeprofitsD．largesystemswillsoonbebuiltindevelopingnations3、Theunderlinedword“reticent”inthelastparagraphprobablymeans________.A．disappointedB．confusedC．unwillingD．shocked4、Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．PrecisionFarmingIncreasesCropYieldsB．MoreChallengesFacedbyModernFarmersC．DevelopmentofFarmingSystemsintheU.S.D．TraditionalFarmingisGraduallyDisappearingPartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)CloninghasalwaysbeenwithusandisheretostayItisawayofmaking1．exactcopyofanotheranimalorplantCloningplantsisstraightforwardwhilecloninganimalsisverycomplicatedTheprocessofcloningisadifficulttask2．(undertake)ManyattemptstoclonemammalsfailedButfinallythedeterminationandpatienceofthescientistspaid3．in1996withabreakthrough-thecloningofDollythesheepAtfirstthefact4．sheseemedtodevelopnormallywasveryencouragingThencamethe5．(disturb)newsthatDollyhadbecomeseriouslyill,whichmadecloningscientistscastdownMeanwhile,Dolly’sappearanceraisedastormof6．(object)andhadagreatimpactonthemediaandpublicimagination7．(apparent)itbecamecontroversialAlthoughatpresenthumaneggcellsandembryos8．(need)forcloningresearcharehardtoobtain,newspaperswroteofevilleaders9．(hope)toclonethemselvestoattaintheirambitionsReligiousleadersalsoraisedmoralquestionsSomecountriesreformedtheirlegalsystemsand10．(forbid)researchintohumancloning,butotherslikeChinaandtheUK,continuedtoaccumulateevidenceoftheabundantmedicalaidthatcloningcouldprovideAgreatfirehasdestroyedthemedieval（中世纪的）cathedral(大教堂)ofNotre-DameinParis,oneofFrance's1．(famous)landmarksThousandsofpeoplegatheredinthestreetsaroundthecathedral,watchingtheflamesinsilence,someof2．couldbeseencryingWatchingsuchasymbolofFrenchcultureburntanditsspire（尖项）destroyedisextremely3．(shock)toanyFrenchpersonNoothersiterepresentsFrancelikeNotre-Dame,which4．(receive)almost13millionvisitorseachyear,morethantheEiffelTowerTheEiffelTower,isalittlemorethanacenturyold5．Notre-DamehasstoodtallaboveParis6．1200sIthasgivenitsnametooneofthecountry’sliteral7．(masterpiece)VictorHugo'sTheHunchbackofNotre-Dame（《钟楼怪人》）isknown8．meFrenchsimplyasNotre-DamedeParis（《巴黎圣母院》）．Thethreelargerosewindows9．(destroy)bythefire10．(fortunate),themainstructure,includingthetwobelltowers,hasbeensavedAlso,themostvaluableculturalrelicshavesurvivedthefireThelasttimethecathedralsufferedmajordamagewasduringtheFrenchRevolutionItsurvivedtwoworldwarslargelyingoodconditionSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Areyouplanningaclassreunionbuthavingatoughtimefindingformerclassmates?Readonandseeifthefollowingtipswillhelp.Withthecomingofmoderntechnologyandcommunication,thesimplestwaytolookforformerclassmatesisbysearchingtheworldwideweb.1、Searchthenamesoftheclassmatesyouwanttofind.Typetheirfullnamesinthesearchbarofyourbrowserandseeiftheygenerateresults.IfthepersonyouaresearchingforisanactiveInternetuser,thereisagreatchanceforyoutogetinstantresults.2、.Thereareotherwaysbywhichtolocateyourformerclassmates.3、.Itmeansthefather,motheroranycloserelativesyoumaypersonallyknow.Thoughthereisapossibilitythatyourformerclassmatesmayhavechangedresidenceduetoworkormarriage,theirparentsusuallystayintheoriginalhomes.Askassistancefromtheschoolrecordssectionofyourschool,theprincipalandevenyourformerteachersiftheyarestillaround.4、,ifyouhaven’tanyideaaboutyourclassmates’location.5、.Ifyouliveinasmallcountyitisnotadifficultthingtodo.Usually,itistheinformationfromfriendsthatismosthelpfulintrackingdownaperson.What’samusingisonecontactpersonisenoughtoestablishachainofinformation.Andthat’sit—yourjobinfindingformerclassmatesisdone.Nowallyouneedtodoissetthedate,timeandplaceofyourreunion.Enjoy!A．AskcommonfriendsB．HerearesuggestionsonhowitcanbedoneC．OnewayisbygettingintouchwiththefamilyD．ThereisalsoanetworkoffriendsontheInternetE.OldaddressesandtelephonenumberscanstillbeofuseF.YoucanalsoconsultthegraduategroupofyourneighborhoodG.YoushouldnotnarrowdownyoursearchtotheInternetaloneWhyyoushouldn’tpunishyourkidsforlyingGettingyourchildrentostoplyingischallenging.Therearemanyinfluences(TV,movies,videogamesandsomegreatbooks)inwhichliesarecommon.Childrenseeparentslietoothers,ifonlytobepolite.MostparentsaddtothatwithtalesaboutthelivesandactivitiesofSantaClausortheToothFairy,ortolessenfears.1、Themostcommonreactionstochildrenwholieareexplainingwhyitiswrongandpunishment.2、Herearethreebettertoolssupportedbyresearchtouseinstead.PRAISE:You