2023-2024学年河南省周口市项城市5校联考高三上学期9月月考英语试题（解析版）

项城市5校联考2023-2024学年高三上学期9月月考英语全卷满分150分,考试时间120分钟。注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、考场号、座位号、考生号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时,选出每小题的答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节,满分30分）做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.WhenwillthemanseeLucia?A.ThisThursday.B.ThisFriday.C.NextMonday.2.Whatdoesthemanoffertodoforthewoman?A.Takehersuitcasein.B.Holdtheliftforher.C.Takecareofhersuitcase.3.WhatwillThomasdothisweekend?A.Throwabirthdayparty.B.Visitanoldfriend.C.Goonatrip.4.Whydoesthemanapologizetothewoman?A.Heservedwrongfood.B.Heoverturnedadrink.C.Hemistookherforawaitress.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Asong.B.Musictrends.C.Acomposer.第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。6.WhydoesAmymakethephonecall?A.Toaskforadvice.B.Toarrangeacontest.C.Tosignupforacourse.7.HowmightAmyfeelnow?A.Confident.B.Annoyed.C.Anxious.听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。8.Whereisthewoman'sbrothernow?A.Onabus.B.Inataxi.C.Inarestaurant.9.Whatisthewoman'ssuggestion?A.Roastingtheturkeythemselves.B.Pickinguptheturkeyinperson.C.Callinguptherestaurantforhelp.听第8段材料,回答第10至13题。10.Whoateupthejam?A.Jim.B.Jim'sfather.C.Jim'smother.11.Whatwillthespeakershaveforbreakfast?A.Eggsandbacon.B.Pancakesandjam.C.Bananasandmilk.12.HowsoonisJim'sfathersupposedtomeetthem?A.In11minutes.B.In22minutes.C.In37minutes.13.Whatwillthespeakersdothisafternoon?A.Gofishing.B.Pickupafriend.C.Attendaconference.听第9段材料,回答第14至17题。14.WhatjobisDavidapplyingfor?A.Anelectricalengineer.B.Asystemsengineer.C.Aprojectengineer.15.WhatisamustforDavid'sdesiredposition?A.Skillsindevelopingapplications.B.Adegreeincomputerengineering.C.Hands-onprogrammingexperiences.16.WhatmattersmoretoDavidinajob?A.Goodsalaries.B.Aniceatmosphere.C.Roomforadvancement.17.WhatistherelationshipbetweenJuliaandDavid?A.Classmates.B.Fellowworkers.C.Teacherandstudent.听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。18.WhenwasSteveHenneberryborn?A.In1963.B.In1969.C.In1979.19.WhathappenedtoStevein1989?A.Hestartedamagazine.B.HewontheMr.Americatitle.C.Hebegantopursuehisactingcareer.20.WhatdoesSteveowehissuccessto?A.Goodluck.B.Long-termcommitment.C.Hisrealisticgoals.第二部分阅读（共两节,满分50分）第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分）阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATheMermaidsHouse,HistoricOldTownKeyWest2bedrooms1bathroomguestsnightsminimumRentalHomeFencedinwithlargeprivatequietyard.Hundred-year-oldtreestorelaxunder.Ihavemaintainedthe1865feelandnotreallychangedthelayoutmuch,justmodernizedhertomakehercomfortableandyetkeepherhistoric.Fullyfurnished（配备家具的）.Centralair-conditioningandHeat.Inwalkingdistancetoallmajorattractions,1/2blockfromDuvalStreetyetprivateandquiet.HouseRulesPetsarenotpermittedhere.Wedonotallowguestsundertheageof25.Ifchildrenareaccompaniedbyadults,pleasenotethatthehouseisnotchildproof.WeloveourcigarshereinKeyWestandprovideashtrays（烟灰缸）outsideforthispurpose.SoPLEASE,nosmokingindoors.GettingAroundKeyWesthasjuststartedanextremelygoodservicewhichisjust1.5blocksfromSeasidePlace.ItiscalledtheLoop（环线）Bus.ItstopsatUnitedandDuval,soyouwouldgooutofthehouseandgorighttoDuvalStreetandthebuscanbecaughtthere.Whenyougetonthebus,askforaroutemap.CancellationPolicy100%refundwithin24hoursafterbooking（providedthestayisatleast60daysaway）.Norefundavailableoncebookingisconfirmed.21.WhatdoweknowabouttheMermaidsHouse?A.Itkeepsitsoldstyle.B.Itcanbeaccessedeasily.C.Itoffersaformalatmosphere.D.Ithasthemostmodernconveniences.22.WhichisahouseruleintheMermaidsHouse?A.Adultsunder25.B.Nochildren.C.Largepetsforbidden.D.Indoorsmokingprohibited.23.What'sthepurposeofthetext?A.Toadvertise.B.Toinform.C.Tocomment.D.Toentertain.BVelcro®isahook-and-loop（粘扣的）devicethatiscommonlyfoundonawiderangeofproducts,suchasshoes,jackets,andalotofotherequipmentinoffices,kitchensandgarages.It'salsothenameofthecompanythatoriginallycreatedthe"thing"generallyknownasVelcro®.GeorgedeMestral,aSwisselectricalengineer,istheinventorofVelcro®.HowhecametotheideaofactuallymakingthisthingthatwecallVelcroisatrulyincrediblestory.Onefinemorningin1948,Mestralwentforawalkwithhisdog.Afterreturningfromthewalk,hefoundthatsomeseedsgotstucktothedog'sfur.However,theman'sattentionwasturnedtohisowntrousers,wheremanysimilarseedswerealsoattached.Uponcloserexamination,heobservedthatthereweremanysmallhooksintheseedsthatstuckfirmlytotheloopsinthefabricofhistrousers.ThefirstideaforwhatwouldeventuallybecomeVelcrostruckhimlikeaflashoflightning.Ifhecouldartificiallyrecreatethesamething,bymakingpairsofhooks-and-loopsthatsticktoeachotherfirmly,thentherewouldbealmostnoneedtotiethingsupallthetimetosecurethem,norwouldzippers（拉链）,whichwerequitepopularinthosedays,benecessaryanylonger.HedecidedtocalltheproductheformedVelcro®.Likemanyinventions,Velcro®alsofacedagreatdealofcriticism,butMestralstoodbyhisdesignandcontinuedtomakestructuralchangestoenhanceitsbondingstrength.HeworkedwithaFrenchmantocomeupwithaperfecthook-and-loopdevice.MestralpatentedVelcro®in1955.Velcrodidn'tdotoowellinitially;muchofthatwasduetoitslackofaesthetic（美学的）appeal.Itcameindullcolorsandoftenlookedquiteunattractive.Butsoon,evenNASAhelpedtoboostVelcro®'simagebyusingitinalotofequipmentthatwentintospacealongwithastronauts.24.WhatdoweknowaboutVelcro®?A.It'sanestablishedshoebrand.B.It'sarequireddeviceinkitchens.C.It'sanature-inspiredinvention.D.It'sahookcommonlyusedinoffices.25.HowdidthepublicreacttoVelero®initially?A.Theypaidnoattentiontoit.B.Theywerehighlycriticalofit.C.Theythoughtittotallyuseless.D.Theyapplaudeditsappearance.26.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesGeorgedeMestral?A.Innovative.B.Demanding.C.Competitive.D.Courageous.27.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Afamousinventor.B.Aremarkablecreation.C.Anunexpecteddiscovery.D.Anunforgettableexperience.CAnewinsect-sizedrobotcalledBee++canflyaroundwithafullsixdegreesoffreedom,markinganincredibleadvanceinmicrotoboticsthathasthepotentialtohelpwitheverythingfromartificialpollination（授粉）tosearchandrescueoperations.Therobot,developedbyateamofresearchersledbyNéstorO.Pérez-Arancibia,anassociateprofessoratWashingtonStateUniversity（WSU）,hasfourwingsmadeoutofcarbonfiberandalightweightactuator（制动器）tocontrolthewing.Itisthefirstrobotofitskindtoflystablyinalldirections,accordingtoaWSUstatement,includingtheturningmotionknownasyaw（偏航）—typicallythehardestforrobotstomanagesuccessfully.Therobotisdecadesinthemaking,withroboticsresearchersaroundtheworldlookingtodevelopanartificialflyinginsectthatcouldsomedayprovidenewwaystopollinateplants,carryoutbiologicalresearch,andconductsearchandrescueoperationsintightenvironments,likeacollapsedbuildingorstructure.In2019,Pérez-ArancibiaandtwoPhDstudentsbuiltafour-wingedinsectrobotthatwaslightenoughtoliftoffaswellasroll,givingitfourdegreesoffreedom,butthefinaltwodegrees,knownasyaw,washardertoachieve."Ifyoucan'tcontrolyaw,you'resuperlimited,"Pérez-Arancibiasaid."Ifyou'reabee,hereistheflower,butifyoucan'tcontroltheyaw,youaregoingaroundallthetimeasyoutrytogetthere.""Thesystemishighlyunstable,andtheproblemissuperhard,"hecontinued."Formanyyears,peoplehadtheoreticalideasabouthowtocontrolyaw,butnobodycouldachieveitduetoactuationlimitations."Atjust95mgandpossessing33mmwingspan,thebeerobotisstilllargerthantheaveragebee,butit'sanimportantstepinthedevelopmentoffunctionalrobotsofthiskind,andoneofthebiggestproblemswiththeirdevelopmenthasbeencleared.28.What'sthebreakthroughresearchershaveachievedwithBee++?A.They'vediscoveredanewmaterial.B.They'vecreatedalightweightactuator.C.They'vefiguredouthowtocontrolyaw.D.They'vemadethefirstinsect-sizedrobot.29.Whatmightbeadisadvantageofthe2019four-wingedinsectrobot?A.Highcosts.B.Heavyweight.C.Longconstructiontime.D.Limitationofmovement.30.WhatcanbeinferredfromPérez-Arancibia'sremarks?A.It'sabigchallengetocontrolyaw.B.Bee++'ssystemneedsimprovement.C.Actuationlimitationsarecommonproblems.D.Theoreticalresearchneedstobefurtherexpanded.31.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TheYaw:TheBiggestChallengeinRoboticDesignB.RoboticBeesCouldHelpPollinateCropslikeRealBeesC.TheBee++:NewInsect-sizedRobotwithLimitedPotentialD.NewRoboticBeeCreatedwithFullFreedomofMovementDSince1992,peoplehavebeentalkingabout"Dunbar'snumber",thesupposedupperlimitofthenumberofpeoplewithwhomapersoncanmaintainstablesocialrelationships.NamedforBritishscientistRobinDunbar,itsvalue,roundedfrom148to150,haspermeatedbothprofessionalandpopularculture.TheSwedishtaxationauthoritykeepsofficesunder150peopleasaresultofit,andthestandardfacilitiesoftheW.L.GoreandAssociatescompanyarebasedaroundtheconcept.Dunbar'snumberwascitedinthebestsellingbookTippingPoint,anditalsohasafairamountofacademicinfluence,theoriginalpaperhavingbeencited2,500times.Despiteitsfame,Dunbar'snumberisprobablywrong,accordingtoanewstudy.LesswellknownthanthevalueofDunbar'snumberishowhecameupwithit.Thevalueof150isdeterminedbylookingattheratio（比率）betweenthesizeofacertainpartoftheprimate（灵长类动物）brainandtheaveragesizeofgroupstheyform.Theseratioswerethenappliedtodataonthehumanbrain,andtheaveragevalueofroughly150relationshipswasdetermined.Inthenewstudy,theresearchersdidsimilarcalculationsbutwithupdatedinformationonthesizeofmonkeybrainsandsocialnetworks.WhentheresearchersappliedDunbar'sexactsamemethodstotheirnewdata,theyfoundthatthevaluewasbetweenroughly5and292people.Thisisfartoowidearangetobeofanyuse.Additionally,theresearchersnotedthefactthathumanbrainsoftenworkdifferentlythanthoseofournearestevolutionary（进化的）cousins,asevidencedbyourabilitytocreatethings.Theideathatwewouldprocesssocialinformationexactlylikeotherprimatesdoisaboldandlargelyunsupportedclaim.So,isthereanewDunbarnumber?Well,thisisn'tthepointofthisstudy.Theresearchersendtheirpaperwith:"Itisourhopethatthisstudywillputanendtotheuseof'Dunbar'snumber'withinscienceandinpopularmedia…”32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"permeated"inparagraph1mean?A.Wellpreserved.B.Deeplyaffected.C.Dependedheavilyon.D.Takenfulladvantageof.33.WhydidtheresearchersdismisstheideaofDunbar'snumber?A.Dunbar'snumberhasalwaysbeenthesubjectofdebate.B.Thesamplesinthestudyweretoosmalltobeofanyuse.C.ThecalculationsleadingtoDunbar'snumberweretoocomplex.D.Theratiofromprimatescouldn'tbecarriedovertohumans.34.Whatmightbethepurposeofthenewstudy?A.ToreplaceDunbar'snumber.B.ToofferDunbar'snumbernewevidence.C.TostopthespreadingofDunbar'snumber.D.TofindnewapplicationsofDunbar'snumber.35.Inwhichsectionofawebsitecanwefindthistext?A.Animal.B.Science.C.Culture.D.Education.第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Doesyoursonordaughtergetreallynervousbeforeagame?MyeldestsondoesandasamomIjustwanttohughimtightly.36I'vedefinitelyfoundthatbeingtoo"Mom"isnotalwaysthebestsolutionsoI'vemadealittlelistofthethingsthathelpcalmmyson,andsomeofthesemightworkforyourkid,aswell.37Itmightbeyourinstinct（本能）totrytostophisanxietybyremindinghimofabunchofthingstothinkaboutonyourwaytothegame.Stop.Itriedthatandallitseemedtodowasmakehimmoreanxious.Hetoldmehedidn'treallywanttothinkabouteverydetailbeforehegotthereandhejustwantedtobeabletoclearhismind.Besides,that'swhatpracticeisfor…workingoutallthosedetails.38Encouragedeepbreathingandstretching.Deepbreathingisagreatmethodforcalmingnerves.39Stretchingdoeswondersforthemindandbodybeforeagame.I'vefoundthatgettingmysontothegamesalittleearlyandhavinghimstretchisalsoagreatwayforhimtorelaxandbereadyandfocused.Givehimchewinggum（口香糖）.Thereissomeresearchavailableclaimingthatchewinggumhelpscalmnervesandreducestress.Accordingtolifehack.org,chewinggumlowersCortisollevels,alsoknownasthe"stresshormone（激素）”.40Thisassistswithfocus,becausechewingwarmsupthebrain.A.Notawordaboutthegame.B.Don'ttalkaboutitontheway.C.Butthat'sthelastthingIcando.D.Italsoincreasesbloodflowtothebrain.E.Sugar-freeisthebestkindofgumtochew.F.However,ifhewantstotalk,pickuparelaxingtopic.G.It'salsoagreatwaytogetoxygentothelungsandtissues.第三部分语言运用（共两节,满分30分）第一节（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Myhusbandhadtostayinhospitalforamonth.Ihadtoaskmyschoolfora41.Ienteredmyclassroom,readytotellthekidstherewouldbeasupplyteacher.ThenIfoundagreenenvelope."What'sthis?"Iasked42,pickinguptheenvelope,so43thatitbarelyclosed.AsI44it,coinsanddollarbillsfellout—fives,tens,twenties.Obviously,someonehad45themofmyhusband'sdiagnosis（诊断）.ButIhadneverexpectedtheywould46insuchaway.Howhadthesekids47thatmuchmoney?Mythroattightenedwith48."Ican'ttakethis."Iattemptedto49it."Wehadintendedtogetyou50,"onestudent,Jesse,said."Butwedecidedtogiveyouthemoneysothatyoucanbuywhatyouneed.Weguessthatmightbemore51."Theylookedatmesilentlybutwitheagerness.Iheldupthecash,andquickly52theamount:thatwouldbuyalotofflowers.Astheadultintheroom,Ifelt53foracceptingcashfromteenagers,buttheireagerfacesgavemeno54.Moreimportantthantheenvelopeinmyhandwasthe55intheirheartsandthelessontheyhadtaughtthemselves:howwonderfulitfeelstomeetsomeone'sneedandtomakeadifference.41.A.familyleaveB.helpinghandC.publicdonationD.scholarshipfund42.A.anxiouslyB.enjoyablyC.wonderinglyD.hopefully43.A.fullB.newC.simpleD.big44.A.deliveredB.unfoldedC.readD.stuffed45.A.warnedB.remindedC.persuadedD.informed46.A.handleB.reactC.planD.appear47.A.collectedB.savedC.earnedD.stolen48.A.worryB.desireC.effortD.emotion49.A.admitB.approveC.refuseD.appreciate50.A.supportB.comfortC.giftsD.flowers51.A.valuableB.practicalC.significantD.attractive52.A.estimatedB.recognizedC.confirmedD.declared53.A.depressedB.dullC.guiltyD.pitiful54.A.changeB.challengeC.chanceD.choice55.A.courageB.kindnessC.trustD.devotion第二节（共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分）阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chinalaunchedaradar（雷达）satelliteonthemorningofAugust9,2023fordisasterprevention,emergency56（respond）andenvironmentalmonitoring.57satellite,namedEnvironmentalSurveyor2F,wascarriedbyaLongMarch2Crocketthat58（lift）offat6:53amattheTaiyuanSatelliteLaunchCenterinnorthernChina'sShanxiprovince.Itwasthen59（perfect）placedintoanorbitabout500kilometersabovetheground.DevelopedbytheChinaAcademyofSpaceTechnologyinBeijing,thesatellite60（task）withusingitsradartoobtainimagesanddatatosupportdisasterprevention,ecologicalmonitoring,andemergencyhandlingefforts.Data61（generate）bythespacecraftwillalsobeusedinlandandwaterresources62（survey）andforestrymanagement,thespaceadministrationsaid,notingthatthesatelliteisexpectedtowork63orbitforatleasteightyears.Chinahaslaunchedaseriesofsatellites64（serve）theenvironmentalprotectionanddisastermanagementoverthepastseveralyears.Thenetworkfor65theEnvironmentalSurveyor2Fwillworknowhasfoursatellitestwoequippedwithoptical（光学的）camerasandtwowithspecialradar.TheLongMarch2CrocketmodelisaproductoftheChinaAcademyofLaunchVehicleTechnology.ThespacemissionwasChina's33rdrocketlaunchin2023andthe482ndflightoftheLongMarchrocketfamily.第四部分写作（共两节,满分40分）第一节（满分15分）假定你是李华,你的外教Tanya希望你能给她的教学做出反馈,并提出改进建议,请你给外教写一封邮件,内容包括:1.你的反馈;2.改进建议。注意:1,写作词数应为80左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearTanya,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely,LiHua第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。Oh,thiswasterrible."Thankyouforvolunteeringtocoachsoccer…"theletterbegan.Coach?Soccer?Me?Thatwascrazy.Myknowledgeofthesportbeganandendedwithyou-can't-use-your-hands.Ihavejustgraduatedfromhighschool.Therewasasummerholidaylongenoughtodosomethingunusual,Fatheradvisedmetopickupapart-timejobinourcommunity,liketeachingkidstoswimorhelpingthemwiththeirsubjects."You'lllearnalot,"hesaid.So,whenCommunitySportsaskedforvolunteers,Isignedupfordataentry,which,Ithoughtwashelpingtoputdataintoacomputer.Keyboards,Iknew.Coaching?Impossible!Realizingtheremustbesomethingwrong,Iquicklycalledtheheadcoachaboutthemisunderstanding.Itdidnotgowell.Hehadbeenawayfromhomeandwouldnotbecoachingatall.Panicked,Icalledtheotherassistantcoach.Hesaid,"Itisn'tdifficulttoteachabunchoffirstgradersaboutsoccer.Beconfident.""Areyoukiddingme?"Ihangupthephone,smilingbitterly.IphonedaCommunitySportsofficeraboutourdilemma."Iamsorry,"hesaid."Notenoughpeoplearewillingtovolunteer.Ifyoucannotcoach,wewillcallyourteamandletthemknowtheywillnotbeplayingthisseason."Seriously,thatwashissolution?Ihangupthephone,sayingIwouldcallbacktolethimknowmychoice.Thatafternoon,whenFathercameback,Itoldeverythingtohim,complaininghowcarelessandridiculousthecommunityworkerswere.Theyshouldhavesuggestedmy"pretending"tobeacoach.Fatherstaredatme,"Hey,listen!Irememberyoulikewatchingsoccergames.""Watchingisonethingbutcoachingisanother,"Iprotested."Whynotlearnthegamewiththekids?Tothosefirstgraders,it'sjustagame.Justmakeitfun.Besides,you'llgainmorethanthem."Icouldn'timaginethekids'disappointedfaceswhentheyweretoldtheirteamwouldn'tplaybecausetheycouldn'tfindthemacoach.注意:1,续写词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Thenextmorning,Icalledback.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ThencamethedaywhenIwouldmeetthosekidsforthefirsttime._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考答案英语第一部分听力1-5BACBA6-10ACABC11-15ABACB16-20CCABB第二部分阅读第一节A【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了租住位于历史古城基韦斯特的MermaidsHouse的相关信息。21.Α细节理解题。根据第一个小标题RentalHome下的“Ihavemaintainedthe1865feelandnotreallychangedthelayoutmuch,justmodernizedhertomakehercomfortableandyetkeepherhistoric.”可知,MermaidsHouse维持着1865年的感觉,其布局并没有太多改变,虽然有现代化的舒适感,但依然保持着她的历史性,因此她仍有旧式的风格。故选A.22.D细节理解题。根据第二个小标题HouseRules下的"WeloveourcigarshereinKeyWestandprovideashtrays（烟灰缸）outsideforthispurpose.SoPLEASE,nosmokingindoors.”可知,这里室内不允许吸烟。故选D。23.A推理判断题。通读全文可知,本文介绍了位于基韦斯特的MermaidsHouse的外部环境、内部装修布置、租住规则、周边交通和预订客房的退款事宜等。由此可推断,这是一则关于MermaidsHouse的租赁信息,其目的在于做广告宣传,吸引更多游客前来租住。故选A.B【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了瑞士的一名工程师GeorgedeMestral,在一个清晨带着自己的狗外出散步,回家后发现一些草籽粘在狗的毛皮和他的裤子上,他观察后发现这种草籽的结构可以紧紧粘在其裤子的布料上,由此受到启发,发明了魔术贴,并将其注册为商标的故事。24.C推理判断题。根据第三段和第四段可知,GeorgedeMestral是在清晨遛狗的时候发现有草籽粘在狗身上和自己的裤子上,由此受到启发,从而发明了魔术贴。由此可推断,Velcro@是一个受自然启发的发明。故选C25.B细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Likemanyinventions,Velcro®alsofacedagreatdealofcriticism”可知,一开始魔术贴受到了大众强烈的批评。故选B。26.A推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Mestralstoodbyhisdesignandcontinuedtomakestructuralchangestoenhanceitsbondingstrength.HeworkedwithaFrenchmantocomeupwithaperfecthook-and-loopdevice.”和"Butsoon,evenNASAhelpedtoboostVelcro®'simagebyusingitinalotofequipmentthatwentintospacealongwithastronauts."可知,GeorgedeMestral面对批评时没有放弃,而是与他人合作对其发明进行调整和升级,最终呈现出了完美的产品,并获得了美国国家航空航天局的认可。由此可推断,他是一个富有创新精神的人。故选A。27.B主旨大意题。通读全文可知,文章讲述了魔术贴发明的背景、过程及影响。由此可知,B项“一个非凡的创造”符合主旨。故选B。C【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了科学家们研制出了一种实现了六度自由的名为Bee++（蜜蜂++）的新型昆虫大小的机器人。28.C细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句"Itisthefirstrobotofitskindtoflystablyinalldirections,accordingtoaWSUstatement,includingtheturningmotionknownasyaw（偏航）—typicallythehardestforrobotstomanagesuccessfully."可知,研究人员开发的蜜蜂++是第一个在各个方向稳定飞行的机器人,包括在被称为偏航的转弯运动上,这是其他机器人难以做到的。由此可知,蜜蜂++在如何控制偏航扭转运动上取得了突破性进展。故选C。29.D细节理解题。根据第四段中的“givingitfourdegreesoffreedom,butthefinaltwodegrees,knownasyaw,washardertoachieve”可知,2019年制造的四翼昆虫机器人只实现了四度自由,而偏航很难控制。由此可知,其缺陷是行动受限。故选D。30.A推理判断题。根据第六段中Pérez-Arancibia说的话“Formanyyears,peoplehadtheoreticalideasabouthowtocontrolyaw,butnobodycouldachieveitduetoactuationlimitations.”可知,多年来,人们对如何控制偏航有理论上的想法,但是由于驱动的局限性,没有人能实现。由此可推断,控制偏航是一个巨大的挑战。故选A31.D主旨大意题。通读全文,尤其是根据第一段中的"Anewinsect-sizedrobotcalledBee++canflyaroundwithafullsixdegreesoffreedom,markinganincredibleadvanceinmicrorobotics"可知,本文主要介绍了科学家们研制出了实现了六度自由的蜜蜂++机器人,成功控制了偏航,突破了以往机器人行动上的局限性。D项“全方位自由飞行的新型蜜蜂机器人诞生”符合主旨,可以作为文章的最佳标题。故选D。D【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了自1992年以来一直受到热议的“邓巴数字”的由来及其所产生的影响,以及一项新研究中对“邓巴数字”提出的质疑。32.B词义猜测题。根据第二段中所列举的例子可知,邓巴数字对社会、文学及学术有着巨大影响。由此可推断,permeated意为“深深影响”,deeplyaffected与其意思相近。故选B。33.D推理判断题。根据第五段中的“WhentheresearchersappliedDunbar'sexactsamemethods.beofanyuse.”可知,研究者们使用邓巴的方法研究新的数据,得出的数值是5至292人,而这个范围太大,没有任何用处。又根据倒数第二段可知,研究人员指出从进化论上看,人类大脑的工作方式往往与我们最近的进化表亲不同。而人类会像其他灵长类动物一样处理社会信息的观点在很大程度上是没有根据的。由此可推断,研究人员否定邓巴数字是因为他们认为从灵长类动物那里获得的数据并不适用于人类。故选D。34.C细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Itisourhopethatthisstudywillputanendtotheuseof‘Dunbar'snumber'withinscienceandinpopularmedia…”可知,新研究的目的在于希望人们能够终止对邓巴数字的使用。故选C。35.B推理判断题。通读全文,且根据文章中的“anewstudy”,“thehumanbrain”和“thesizeofmonkeybrains”等关键词可推断,我们可能会在网站的科学版块看到这篇文章。故选B。第二节【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章针对如何缓解孩子在体育比赛前的紧张和焦虑提出了几点建议。36.C设空处上文提到“我的大儿子确实会焦虑,作为妈妈,我只想要紧紧抱住他”,设空处下文提到“我确实发现表现得太‘妈妈气’并不总是解决问题的最佳方法”,C项（但那是我最不能做的事。）承上启下,与上文构成转折关系,与下文构成因果关系,符合语境。故选C。37.B根据设空处后的"Itmightbeyourinstinct（本能）totrytostophisanxietybyremindinghimofabunchofthingstothinkaboutonyourwaytothegame.Stop.Itriedthatandallitseemedtodowasmakehimmoreanxious.（在去比赛的路上,你可能会本能地提醒他一些需要思考的事情,以此来阻止他的焦虑。停止。我试过了,但似乎只是让他变得更焦虑了。）”可知,B项（不要在路上谈论比赛。）可作为本段的主旨句,符合语境。故选B。38.F设空处上文提到不要谈论关于比赛的话题,这会让他更焦虑。F项（然而,如果他想谈论,找一个轻松点儿的话题聊一聊。）与上文构成转折关系,且选项中的talk和topic与本段的话题相呼应。故选F。39.G根据设空前的“Deepbreathingisagreatmethodforcalmingnerves.（深呼吸是稳定情绪的好方法。）”可知,G项（这也是向肺部和组织输送氧气的好方法。）与前一句构成并列关系,且符合本段的主旨。故选G。40.D根据本段的第一句可知,本段主要围绕嚼口香糖的好处展开。设空处上文提到,有一些研究声称咀嚼口香糖可以帮助平静情绪和缓解压力,因为嚼口香糖可以降低皮质醇水平,也就是降低应激激素。设空处下文提到,这样有助于集中注意力,因为咀嚼会让大脑活跃起来。D项（这也会增加大脑的血液流量。）与下文构成顺承关系。空后的This指代嚼口香糖增加大脑血液流量这一作用。故选D。第三部分语言运用第一节【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者是一名教师,因丈夫生病不得不请假一个月,在准备将这个消息告诉学生们的时候却发现班级的孩子们为她捐款的感人故事。41.A考查名词短语。根据文章开头的“Myhusbandhadtostayinhospitalforamonth.”以及下文的“readytotellthekidstherewouldbeasupplyteacher”可知,“我”的丈夫要住院一个月,“我”因为家庭原因而不得不向学校请假（familyleave）。helpinghand帮手,publicdonation公众捐款,scholarshipfund奖学金基金,均不符合语境。故选A。42.C考查副词。根据上文可知,“我”进入教室后,看到一个绿色的信封,问道“What'sthis?”。