第6讲 副词【要点精讲+专项演练】中考英语语法专项突破

中考英语语法全面精讲第6讲、副词副词：用来说明事情发生的时间、地点、原因、方式等含义或说明其它形容词或副词程度的词叫做副词。1、副词的分类：(见下表)时间副词频度副词地点/方位副词程度副词方式副词疑问/连接副词其他副词today,tomorrow,once,here,there,very,too,well,how,too,also,yesterday,now,twice,home,below,enough,hard,where,nor,so,then,early,late,always,anywhere,rather,quite,alone,when,as,on,off,once,soon,just,usually,above,outside,how,so,fast,why,either,tonight,long,often,in,inside,out,much,just,together,whetheryes,no,already,yet,before,sometimesback,up,down,nearly,onlysuddenly,however,etc.not,neitherago,later,eversincenever,away,off,far,almost,hardly,形+-ly结尾的副词关系副词maybe,after,whenever(seldom),near,nearby,aslongas等,where,perhaps,first,someday,ever,wherevereven,all,why,howcertainly,sometime,last,everywhere,alittle,abitwhen,2、副词在句子中的位置以及作用：⑴HYPERLINK\l"副词在句子中的位置以及作用"作状语：时间副词：一般放在句首或句尾,注意,early、late、before、later、yet等一般放在句尾,already、just一般放在动词的前面。如：WewillvisittheGreatWalltomorrow.(我们明天要去参观长城)TheyhavealreadybeentotheUKtwice.(他们去过英王国两次)Soonthelostboyfoundhiswaybackhome.(不久迷路的孩子找到了回家的路)频度副词：一般放在be动词之后或者助动词与主要动词之间,但sometimes、often等还可以放在句首或句尾,usually可放在句首,once可放在句尾,twice、threetimes等一般放在句尾。如：SometimesIgetupearly.(我有时起得早)Theworkersusuallyhavelunchatthefactory.(工人们通常在厂里吃午饭)Takethismedicinetwiceaday.(这种药一天吃两次)Ialwaysgetupearly,soIamneverlateforschool.方式副词：一般放在行为动之后,suddenly可以放在句首、句尾或动词之前。如：Oldpeoplecanhardlywalkasquicklyasyoungpeople.(老年人几乎不可能走得和年轻人一样快)Suddenlyhesawalightinthedarkcave(山洞).(突然,在黑黢黢的山洞里,他看见了一丝亮光)地点副词：一般放在句尾,但here、there还可放在句首。如：Thereyoucanseethousandsofbikesrunninginalldirections(方向).(在那里,你可以看到成千上万的自行车朝各个方向流动)Thefrightenedwolfranaway.(受到惊吓的狼逃开了)Hewalkedoutquietlyandturnedbacksoon.(他悄悄地走了出去,很快又返回)程度副词：修饰动词时,放在动词之前；修饰形容词或副词时,放在形容词或副词之前。但注意,enough总是放在被修饰的形容词或动词的后面；only位置比较灵活,总是放在被修饰的词的前面。如：Inearlyforgotallaboutitifhedidnottellmeagain.(如果他不再次告诉我,我几乎把那事全忘了)ItwassostrangethatIcouldhardlybelievemyears.(它那么奇怪一直我都不能相信我的耳朵)Shegottothestationearlyenoughtocatchthefirstbus.(她早早地赶到车站赶上了首班车)疑问副词：用于对句子的状语进行提问,位置总是在句首。如：Whenandwherewereyouborn?(你何时何地出生？)WhydidlittleEdisonsitonsomeeggs?(小爱迪生为什么要坐在鸡蛋上？)Howdoyoudo?(你好！)连接副词：用来引导主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句,在从句中作状语。HowIamgoingtokillthecatisstillaquestion.(我打算怎样杀死那只猫还是个问题)Thatiswhyeveryoneisafraidofthetiger.(那就是人人都害怕老虎的原因)Hewonderedhowhecoulddoitthenextday.(他不知道第二天怎样做那事)关系副词：用来引导定语从句,在从句中作状语。如：ThisistheplacewhereMrZhangoncelived.(这就是张先生曾经住过的地方)PleasetellmethewayhowyouhavelearnedEnglishsowell.(请告诉我你的英语是怎样学得这么好的方法)其它副词：too“也”,用在句尾；also放在动词前；either“也不”,放在句尾；nor“也不”,放在句首；so“如此,这样”,放在形容词、副词前；on/off“开/关”放在动词之后；not放在be之后、助动词之后、不定式或动名词之前；maybe/perhaps放在句首；certainly放在句首或动词之前。如：HewenttothePalaceMuseumandIwentthere,too.(他去了故宫博物院,我也去了)Maybeyourticketisinyourinsidepocket.(也许你的票就在你的里边衣袋里)--Tomdoesn’thaveacomputer.–NordoI.(汤姆没有计算机,我也没有。)作表语：地点副词一般可以作表语,放在be等连系动词之后,说明人物所处的位置。如：I’mverysorryheisn’tinatthemoment.(很抱歉,他此刻不在家)Ihavebeenawayfrommyhometownfornearly20years.(我离开家乡有将近20年了)Jimisoverthere.(吉姆就在那边)作定语：时间副词(如now、then)以及许多地点副词都可以作名词的定语,放在名词的后面。如：Peoplenowoftenhavetheirfestivaldinnersatrestaurants.(现在的人们经常在餐馆里吃节日晚宴)Womentherewerelivingaterriblelifeinthe1920s.(在二十世纪20年代那儿的女人过着可怕的日子)作宾语补足语：地点副词一般可以作宾语补足语。如：Putyourdirtysocksaway,Jim!Theyaregivingoutbadsmell!(吉姆,把你的脏袜子拿开！它们在散发着臭气。)/Fatherkepthiminanddoinghislessons.(父亲把他关在家里做作业)[注意]“动词+副词”的宾语如果是代词,则该副词应该放在代词之后。如：Hewrotedowntheword.(他写下了那个词。)→Hewroteitdown.(他把它写了下来。)时间副词思维导图时间副词频度副词频度副词方位副词副词方位副词副词程度副词程度副词方式副词方式副词其他副词其他副词副词练习1．—

doyouusuallygotoschool,Mary?—Bybike.A.

When

B.

How

C.

Where

D.

Why2．Lucylikesstayingathome.She______goestravelingduringholidays.A.

usually

B.

seldom

C.

always

D.

often3．Miss

Li

speaks

as

____

as

she

can

to

make

her

students

understand

her.A.

clearly

B.

moreclearly

C.

most

clearly

D.

the

most

clearly4．Boysandgirls,pleaselistentome_______.Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.A.

carefully

B.

careless

C.

careful

D.

carelessly5．—

arethestudentsinyourclass?—Mostofthemareonlyfourteen.A.

Howlong

B.

Howold

C.

Howmany

D.

Howoften6．—How

is

Susan?

—Oh,

I

see

her

because

she

lives

abroad.

A.

always

B.

often

C.

almost

D.

hardly7．Bettyfeltsotiredlastnightthatshe____________fellasleepinbedafterlyingdown.A.

recently

B.

suddenly

C.

frequently

D.

immediately8．—Thefishtastes_______,wehaveeatenitup.—Itiscertainthatshecookedit_________.A.

good,well

B.

well,good

C.

well,well

D.

good,good9．Ilostmyticket,but_________thetravelagentgavemeanotherone.A.

actually

B.

firstly

C.

luckily

D.

Exactly10．—Tina,breakfastisready.Dadcookeditforus.—Itcan'tbefather.He______earlyonSundays.A.

alwaysgetsup

B.

oftengotup

C.

hadgotup

D.

nevergetsup11．Don'tworry,sir.I'msureIcanrun_________tocatchupwiththem.A.

fastenough

B.

enoughfast

C.

slowlyenough

D.

enoughslowly12．—David,couldyoutellme_________theOlympicstakeplace?—Everyfouryears.The32stOlympicswilltakeplaceinTokyoin2020.A.

howfar

B.

howlong

C.

howmuch

D.

howoften13．—_______doyoulikethefilm?—Veryinteresting.A.

How

B.

Who

C.

What

D.

When14．—Ididn'tknowyoutakeabustoschool.—Oh,I

takeabus,butitissnowingnow.A.

hardly

B.

never

C.

sometimes

D.

usually15．—________haveyoubeeninJinan?—Since2008.A.

Howlong

B.

Howoften

C.

Howsoon

D.

Howfar参考答案1．—

doyouusuallygotoschool,Mary?—Bybike.A.

When

B.

How

C.

Where

D.

Why【答案】B【解析】句意：——玛丽你通常如何去上学？——骑车。根据答句中Bybike可知问句是在问交通方式，应使用how，故选B。2．Lucylikesstayingathome.She______goestravelingduringholidays.A.

usually

B.

seldom

C.

always

D.

often【答案】B【解析】句意:露西喜欢呆在家里。假期里她很少去旅游。A.通常;B.很少;C.总是;D.经常。由她的性格“喜欢呆在家”可以推测出她假期宅在家里，不去旅游。故选B。3．Miss

Li

speaks

as

____

as

she

can

to

make

her

students

understand

her.A.

clearly

B.

moreclearly

C.

most

clearly

D.

the

most

clearly【答案】A【解析】句意：李老师尽可能地讲清楚以使得她的同学们听懂她。A.clearly清楚地；B.moreclearly更清楚地；C.mostclearly最清楚地；D.themostclearly最清楚地。as…as…：和……一样……，表示同级比较，其中的形容词、副词要用原形形式。故选A。4．Boysandgirls,pleaselistentome_______.Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.A.

carefully

B.

careless

C.

careful

D.

carelessly【答案】A【解析】句意：同学们，请认真听我说，我有重要的事情告诉你们。A.carefully细心地，仔细地，副词；B.careless粗心的，形容词；C.careful细心的，形容词；D.carelessly粗心地，副词。我有重要的事情要讲，可以推测出要“仔细地听”，修饰行为动词listen用副词形式，故选A。5．—

arethestudentsinyourclass?—Mostofthemareonlyfourteen.A.

Howlong

B.

Howold

C.

Howmany

D.

Howoften【答案】B【解析】考查疑问词辨析。句意：—你们班的学生多大了？—他们中的大多数只有十四岁。Howlong多久，对一段时间提问；Howold多大，对年龄提问；Howmany多少，对可数名词数量提问；Howoften多久一次，对动作的发生频率提问。结合答语，所以选B。6．—How

is

Susan?

—Oh,

I

see

her

because

she

lives

abroad.

A.

always

B.

often

C.

almost

D.

hardly【答案】D【解析】句意：----苏珊怎么样？-----奥！我几乎见不着她因为她在国外居住。A.always

一直；B.often经常；C.almost几乎；D.hardly几乎不。根据答语because

she

lives

abroad.（她住在国外）可知几乎见不到她，用hardly。故选D。7．Bettyfeltsotiredlastnightthatshe____________fellasleepinbedafterlyingdown.A.

recently

B.

suddenly

C.

frequently

D.

immediately【答案】D【解析】句意：昨天晚上贝蒂感到很累以致于躺下之后立刻睡着了。根据Bettyfeltsotiredlastnightthatshe可知躺下后立刻睡着了。recently最近；suddenly突然；frequently经常地；immediately立刻，马上，故选D。8．—Thefishtastes_______,wehaveeatenitup.—Itiscertainthatshecookedit_________.A.

good,well

B.

well,good

C.

well,well

D.

good,good【答案】A【解析】句意:一鱼尝起来不错。我们把它吃光了。一肯定她煮得好。taste尝起来，是连系动词，连系动词后用形容词作表语，cook是行为动词，修饰行为动词要用副词形式。good只是形容词，well作为形容词仅指“身体好”，同时well还是副词。故选A。9．Ilostmyticket,but_________thetravelagentgavemeanotherone.A.

actually

B.

firstly

C.

luckily

D.

Exactly【答案】C【解析】句意：我把票弄丢了，但是幸运的是，旅行代办人又给了我一张。本题考査副词的用法。actually实际上；firstly首先；luckily幸运地；exactly准确地。根据句意和关键词another，选择C项。10．—Tina,breakfastisready.Dadcookeditforus.—Itcan'tbefather.He______earlyonSundays.A.

alwaysgetsup

B.

oftengotup

C.

hadgotup

D.

nevergetsup【答案】D【解析】alwaysgetsup总是起床；oftengotup经常起床；hadgotup已经起床；nevergetsup从来不起床。句意：蒂娜，早饭已经准备好了。爸爸给我们做的。——不可能是父亲。他在周日从来不起床。故选D。【点评】考查短语辨析11．Don'tworry,sir.I'msureIcanrun_________tocatchupwiththem.A.

fastenough

B.

enoughfast

C.

slowlyenough

D.

enoughslowly【答案】A【解析】考查enough修饰副词放在副词后。句意：不要担心，先生。我相信我能够跑得足够快能够追上他们。此题考查enough修饰形容词，副词放形容词副词之后，根据句意，故选A。12．—David,couldyoutellme_________theOlympicstakeplace?—Everyfouryears.The32stOlympicswilltakeplaceinTokyoin2020.A.

howfar

B.

how