2021届高三下学期3月新高考模拟考试卷(五)英语试题(全国一卷)Word版含答案

PAGEPAGE12021年新高考模拟考试卷(五)英语试题注意事项：1.本试卷由四个部分组成。其中，第一、二部分和第三部分的第一节为选择题。第三部分的第二节和第四部分为非选择题。2.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。3.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。4.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分阅读理解(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。AWhathaveeightlegs,huntamongagroupoffishandcanthrowameansuckerpunch(猛击)?AccordingtoresearchpublishedinEcologylastweek,theanswerwouldbeoctopuses.Octopusespunchfish.Deliberately.ThefirsttimeresearcherEduardoSampaiowitnessedthisphenomenon,helaughed.Normallythat'dbefinebutatthetimehewasunderwaterwearingscuba(水肺潜水)equipment."Ialmostchokedonmyregulator,"hesaidinaninterviewwithNPR'sMorningEdition."WhenIsawitforthefirsttime,Ijustburstoutlaughing."Theoctopusistypicallyasolitarycreature,butsometimesanoctopusmighttakepartinahuntingpartymadeupoffishes.Agrouper's(石斑鱼)gestures,forexample,canclue(提示)anoctopusintothelocationofprey.Sampaioandhisco-researcherswerestudyingthismutuallybeneficialbehaviorwhentheycameacrossanoctopuspunchingfishwhilehunting.Althoughresearchershaveobservedoctopusespunchingfishbefore,thebehaviorhappeninginthecontextofahuntingpartyisnew.Anditcancomesuddenly,outofnowhere,Sampaiosaid."Youcanseetheresomepunchesarealmostlikeasmallboop,"Sampaiosaid."Andtheotheronesthateventhewholearmcurlsupanduncurlsafterwards,youknow,likethemotionofaboxerdoingapunch."sapartner-controlmechanism,Sampaioexplained,todrivethefishawayfromtheoctopus1．HowdidEduardoSampaiofeelwhenhefirstwitnessedthephenomenon?A．Shocked. B．Amused. C．Frightened. D．Concerned2．HowdoesSampaioexplaintheprocessinparagraph4?A．Bymakingacomparison. B．ByintroducingaconceptC．Byreferringtoanotherstudy D．Byquotinganexpert'swords.3．Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A．OctopusestendtoattackaspecificfishspeciesB．OctopusespunchfisheswithclearaimseachtimeC．Octopuseswilldismissthefishwhich'sitsnextmealD．Octopusesarenotveryoftentobespottedpunchingfishes4．Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?A．Aresearchpaper B．Apoliticalreport.C．Asciencemagazine. D．AnautobiographyBAutomakersaroundtheworld,fromJapantoTexas,arestrugglingwithaglobalshortageofcomputerchips.Volkswagensoundedthealarmaboutthegrowingproblemlastmonth.Nowmoreautomakersarereportingproblemsthataretrimmingproductionplansbasedontheirsupplyofsemiconductors(半导体).Semiconductorsareattheheartofourphonesandcomputers,butthey'recriticalcomponentsfornewcars,too—andnotjustinfancytouchscreens."They'recontrollingtheengineandtheemissionsandevenintheswitchesforraisingandloweringyourwindows,"saysKristinDziczek,thevicepresidentattheCenterforAutomotiveResearch.Lastyear,whenautomanufacturingwassuspendedforthepandemic,everyonepredictedaprolongedslowdownincarsales.Theglobalsemiconductorindustryplannedaccordingly,andarrangedtosellmorecomputerchipstootherbuyers.Butthen,muchtoeveryone'ssurprise,shopperswerestilleagertobuynewcars.Assoonastheyreopened,plantsresumednormalproductionataremarkablespeed.Atthesametime,demandforchipsfromothersectors—likeconsumerelectronics—wasalsoincreasing."Everyschooldistrictinthecountryhadtobuynewcomputers,"Dziczeksays.Forcarshoppers,thiscouldmeansomevehiclemodelsarehardertofindforthenextfewmonths.Sofar,theconsequenceshavebeenunevenamongautomakers.FordandFiatChryslerhaveentireplantsonpause,whileGeneralMotorssaysitsmanufacturingoperationshavenotbeenaffected,andToyotadoesnotexpectanyimpacttoemployment.TheUnitedAutoWorkers,whichrepresentsfactoryworkersatFord,GMandFiatChryslerplants,notesthatitscontractsinclude"unemploymentandsupplementalpay"forworkersaffectedbyproductiondowntimes.5．Inwhatwayscansemiconductorsnotbeappliedincars?A．Intheenginesystem. B．Infancytouchscreens.C．Intheemissionsystem. D．Intheswitchesofcardoors.6．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．It'llbeharderforshopperstofindadreamcar.B．Thecontractsarenotbeneficialtotheworkers.C．Toyotaisexpectedtofaceemploymentproblem.D．Alltheautomakershavepausedtheentireplants.7．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A．ADreamCarIsNotADreamB．TheGrowingPopularityOfSemiconductorC．SemiconductorWon'tHurtChipProductionD．AutoProductionDisturbedByChipShortagesCImagineaworldwhereyoumovearoundinfrontofapersonalcomputerinyourownsoundspace.Youlistentoyourfavoritesongs,playloudcomputergamesorwatchamovie—allwithoutotherpeoplehearingthesoundandwithoutheadphones.Thatisthepossibilitypresentedby“soundbeaming”,anewtechnologyfromNovetoSystems,anIsraelicompany.OnFriday,thecompanyintroducedadesktopdevicethatsendssounddirectlytoalistenerwithouttheneedforheadphonesoraspecialreceiver.NovetoSystemsgaveTheAssociatedPress(AP)achancetotestitsSoundBeamer1.0beforeitsintroduction.TheAP’sLouiseDixonwritesthatlisteningtothedeviceislikesomethingfromasciencefictionmovie.Thesoundseemssoclosethatitfeelslikeitisinsideyourearswhilealsoinfront,aboveandbehindthem.Novetoexpectsthedevicewillhavemanyuses.Officeworkerscouldlistentomusicorconferencecallswithoutothershearing.Peoplecouldplayagame,amovieormusicwithoutwakingupothersinthesameroom.Becausethedevicedoesnotuseheadphones,itispossibletohearothersoundsintheroomclearly.Thedeviceusesa3-Dsensingmodulethatfindsandfollowstheearpositionofthelistener.Itsendsultrasonicwaves(超声波)tocreatesoundpocketsbytheuser’sears.The3-Dmethodcreatessoundonallsidesofthelistener,thereforethelistenersfeelcompletelytransportedintothescene.Bychangingasetting,thesoundcanfollowalisteneraroundwhenhemoveshishead.Itisalsopossibletomoveoutofthesoundbeam'spathandhearnothingatall.Whiletheideaofsoundbeamingisnotnew,Novetowasthefirsttolaunchthetechnology.AccordingtothechiefexecutiveofficerChristopheRamstein,a“smaller”versionofthedevicewillbereadyforreleasetoconsumersnextyear.8．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“possibility”inParagraph2referto?A．Thelistenermayputonmusictoblockoutothersounds.B．Thelistenermayhearsoundonlyforhimorherwithoutusingheadphones.C．Thelistenermayenjoysongsormovieswithoutbeinginterruptedbyothers.D．Thelistenermayhavetheabilitytopickupsomespecialsounds.9．WhatdoesLouiseDixonthinkofSoundBeamer1.0?A．Amazing. B．Impossible.C．Strange. D．Meaningful.10．HowdoesSoundBeamerputsoundinthelistener'shead?A．Itplacesthelisteneronthescenetohearthesound.B．Itfixesasoundbeam’spathwhichcannotbechanged.C．Itfollowsthelistenersaroundtosendandreceivesounds.D．With3-Dtrackingtechnology,itsendsultrasonicwavestothetargetlistener.11．Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A．TopromotetheSoundBeamer. B．Tointroduceanewsounddevice.C．Torecommendnewheadphones. D．Toexplainatechnicalphenomenon.DEVENthebestofcommunicatorscansometimeshitawrongnote,whetherwithajoke,turnofphrase,orevenanill-timedchuckle（轻笑）.Forinstance,aformerfinanceministerKenGabrielusuallytriestokeepthingscasualwhenansweringreporters’questions.Butinatelevisioninterviewonthenewsprogram60Minutes,somepeoplefelthisregisterwasalittletoocasual—evencareless.Atonepoint,Gabrielspokeaboutthebankerswhohavebeenwidelyblamedforcausingthecollapseofthefinancialsector:“Imeantherewereawholebunchoffolkswho,onpaper,ifyoulookedatquarterlyreports,werewildlysuccessful,sellingderivativesthatturnedouttobe…completelyworthless,”Gabrielsaid,withachuckle.ShockedbyGabriel’slaughterduringtheinterview,journalistDavidfinallyasked:“You’resittinghere.Andyou’re—youarelaughing.Youarelaughingaboutsomeoftheseproblems.”Gabrielquicklyexplainedhimselfbyreplying,“No,no.There’sgottabealittlehumortogetyouthroughtheday.”Butthatexchangeendedupmakingnews,asTVpundits,journalistsandpublicrelationsexpertsdebatedGabriel’stone.OneunnamedstrategistforGabriel’spartysaidthatthefinanceminister’sattemptsathumorweredistracting:“Gabrielisgiftedinsomanyways,buthumorisnotsomethingthatheseemstobecomfortablewith.Hedoesnotcomeacrossasafunnyguy.”TheTVcriticDaniel,meanwhile,cametoGabriel’sdefense.“Gabrielisn’tarookie…Allthislaughterseemsclearlytobecalculatedratherthanaccidental.Hislaughslastnightweredesignedaslaughsofreassurance.TheyweredesignedtotelltheTVaudienceheunderstandstheseverityofthesituation.”TherewouldhavebeenlittledebateifGabrielhadnotlaughedduringaspeech.Answeringquestionsinapublicsetting,however,shouldallowforamoreconversationalregister.ButasGabrieldiscovered,noteveryoneagreesonjusthowcasualthetoneshouldbe.12．What’sthemeaningofthephrasehitawrongnote?A．Saysomethingwrong. B．Dosomethingwrong.C．Writedownsomethingwrongly. D．Playthemusicwrongly.13．WhatdidGabrieldowhenjournalistDavidaskedhimaboutthelaughter?A．Triedtoaccountforit. B．Foundanexcuseforit.C．Refusedtosayanythingaboutit. D．Learnedalessonfromit.14．WhichofthefollowingstandsbyGabriel?A．Thebanker. B．David.C．Theunnamedstrategist. D．Daniel.15．Whichofthefollowingmaybethebesttitleforthepassage?A．DebatablespeechesofGabriel. B．Becautiouswhileyouarespeaking.C．Gabriel’srudebehaviorinspeeches. D．Honestornot,it’shardtosay.第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Thereareabout6,000languagesthatarespokenaroundtheworld.16．Ifnoactionistaken,someoftheselanguageswillbecomeextinct.17．Oneisthatsomecommunitiesofnativespeakersoftheendangeredlanguagesnolongerexist,HuffPostreported.Thesepeoplesometimesleavetheircommunitiesandmovetocitiesortowns.Inaddition,thelanguagesof“dominant”culturesmaydriveotherlanguagesintoextinction.Togetabettereducationandjob,youngpeoplehavetofocustheirattentiononlearningdominantlanguagesratherthantheirownlanguages.DominantlanguagesincludeEnglish,FrenchandMandarin.Oncealanguagedies,itrarelycomesbacktolife.18．InNewZealand,thegovernmenthassaiditwantsmorethan20percentofthecountry’spopulationtobeabletospeakbasicMaori,anindigenous(土著的)language,by2040.ItplanstoprovideMaorilessonsinallNewZealandschoolsby2025,TheNewYorkTimesreported.InSeptember,2018,theUSstateofAlaskaannouncedthatthelossofnativelanguageswasan“emergency”.19．Somepeoplearguedthatlanguageloss,likethelossofsomeanimalspecies,issimplyafactoflifeonearth.20．Whenwelosealanguage,welosetheworldviewandcultureofthepeoplewhospokeit.Languageitselfisoftentheonlywaytoconveyacertaincommunity’shistoryandculture,aswellasitsknowledgeofthingslikemathandgeography,theBBCnoted.A．Languagesbecomeendangeredformanyreasons.B．Butwhatabouttheendangeredlanguages?C．However,alllanguagesareaformofhumanheritage.D．Whatcanpeopledotopreservelanguages?E.Itisnowworkingtogivenewlifetosuchlanguages,Quartzreported.F.Governmentsacrosstheglobearetakingactiontopreventthis.G.But43percentoftheselanguagesaredyingout,accordingtoUNESCO.第二部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分,满分15分)Mydecisiontoturnouroldtwo-storyhomeintoanewonewiththreemoreroomsmetwithsomeobjections.21,emptynestersintheirsixtiesweren’tsupposedtoneeda(n)22house.Whenmyhusband’sdoctorlaidoutthe23ofwhatourlifewouldbelikeashisillness24,Isawourfuturedie.ButIknewIwasn’tgoingtobeableto25livinginourhomethewayithadbeen.Idecidedto26anewlifeforusbymyself.WhenmydesignerandIputtheplanstogether,Iwas27fortheworktobegin.Iwasblessedwith‘atalentedandcapablecontractorwho28thedifficultbuildingandhiredthenightcrews—manywho,overtheeightmonthsof29,becamefriendsofmine.Welivedonsitethroughoutthewholeprocess—Iwantedto30mydreambeingbuilt.Mynewhomehasnow31apalace,wherenotonlyformebutformyfamilyandfriends,new32aremadeonaweeklybasis.I’vecometorealizethereare33forwomenofacertainagewhoarealone.Iwantto34fromthetopofmynew35toanyonewhowilllisten:Donotwait.Justdoit.21．A．Finally B．Evidently C．Consequently D．Similarly22．A．adequate B．necessary C．brighter D．tlarger23．A．project B．meeting C．picture D．line24．A．advanced B．failed C．started D．escaped25．A．finish B．quit C．imagine D．continue26．A．expectfor B．adjustto C．create D．face27．A．eager B．generous C．patient D．fortunate28．A．putup B．tookon C．turneddown D．showedoff29．A．debate B．research C．contribution D．construction30．A．watch B．realize C．show D．keep31．A．bought B．become C．designed D．meant32．A．decisions B．decorations C．memories D．attractions33．A．expectations B．positions C．invitations D．introductions34．A．write B．jump C．skip D．shout35．A．voice B．house C．mountain D．town第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Citiesarediverseecosystems,andalargenumberofspeciesshareoururbanareas.Asourcityspreads,weneedthinkabout36．itislikeforotherspeciestohavehumanneighbors.Becausecities37．(build)forhumans,theydonotalwaysprovidesuitablehabitatsforwildlife.Forexample,mostcityparksarekeptneatandtidysothathumanswillfindthem38．(pretty)thanbefore.Butwhenwecutgrassorplantflowers,wedestroynaturalhabitats.WhenabridgeinAustin,Texaswasrepaired,engineersaddedsmallgapsrunningalongthelengthofitsbottom,39．madeagoodhomeforbats,andsoonthebridgewasthehomeofthousandsofbats.Atfirst,peoplewereafraid40．thebats.Now,theyhavecometovalue41．(they)wingedneighbors.Thebatsareatourist42．(attract),andtheyeatlotsofbugseverynight.Therearealsostructuresbuiltwiththeobjectiveof43．(bring)wildlifeintothecity.TheBeijingOlympicForestParkisagoodexample.Thepark44．(use)nativeplantsandcreatedopen,naturalspacesforwildlife.Theresultisazonewhereover160speciesofbirdscanmoveabout45．(free).Ifwelearntoshareourspace,wecanbecomebetterneighborstothewildlifearoundus.第三部分写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节(满分15分)假定你是李华，上周你校举办了主题为“最受尊敬的劳动者”的艺术作品展。请你为校英文电台写一篇报道，词数80左右，内容包括：1.参加人员；2.展览内容（摄影，绘画，手工作品等）；3.展览反响。参考词汇：最受尊敬的劳动者：MostHonoredWorker第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。ShantiwantedthewoodendollinRamu’stoyshopandtoldherbestfriend,Jodiaboutit.Jodiwonderedifshecouldaffordit.Shantismiled.“IaskedmymomifIcouldmakejasminegarlands（花环）andsellthematmyaunt’sstandinthemarket.”Jodithoughtitwasagoodidea.Earlythenextmorming,thegirlsmetatthejasminebushesoutsideShanti’shouse.Delicatewhiteflowerssurroundedthemwithfreshscent.Theypickedblossomswiththeirfingersandthensatunderamangotree,tyinguptheflowersintogarlands.Shanticouldalreadyseeherselfhuggingthatbeautifuldoll.“Ifwesellenoughgarlands,wecaneachgetadoll.”saidShanti.Jodishookherhead.Herfamilywaslowonmoneythatweek.ShehadtousehermoneytopayforKiran’smedicine.KiranwasJodi’slittlebrother.ThenJodipickeduphergarlands.“Mymotherisexpectingme.I’llmeetyouatthemarket.”Shantispenttheafternoonsellinggarlandsalone.Byearlyevening,Shantihadsoldallherflowers.Onthewayhome,ShantisawJodiheadingtothemarketwithhergarlands.ShewaslatebecauseshehadtowatchKiranwhilehermotherwasaway.“Whydidn’tyoutakehimwithyou?”Shantisaid.Jodishookherhead.“He’stoosicktogoout.Hecoughsandcoughs.”ShantiknewJodiwouldn’tmakeenoughmoneyforthemedicinenow.Themarketwouldbeclosingsoon.Shantilookedatthepursetightlyheldinherhand.Itwassupposedtobeforthebeautifuldollshe’dbeendreamingofforlong.Thenshelookedatherfriend’stiredface.“Here.Keepthisforthemedicine.”ThatnightShanticried,thinkingaboutthedoll.Whatifsomeoneboughtitbeforeshe’dsavedupenoughagain?注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Thenextweek,whileShantiandJodigatheredblossoms,Kirancame,too.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________MomcomfortedShantiwithhugs,andthenhandedherafilledpackagewrappedin