北京市西城区2022年高一《英语》上学期期末试卷与答案

北京市西城区2022年高一《英语》上学期期末试卷与参考答案一、选词填空healthhappyannouncefruittraditionpropersurprise(1)Eatingplentyoffreshfruitandvegetableswillhelpyoutostay______.(2)Insuchasmalltownitwas______tofindsomanyreallygoodrestaurants.(3)Itfillsmyheartwith______toseemywholefamilytogetherfortheNewYear.(4)Itisimportanttowarmupandcooldown______beforeandafterrunningsoyoudonothurtyourselves.(5)Ihopetohaveahappier,more______andsatisfyinglifeinmynewschool.(6)Thestudentslearnedalotabout______Chineseculturethroughtheseactivities.(7)Youneedtolistentothe______tofindoutwhoisplayingnext.MyparentsandI______（plant）treeslastSunday.Ifyoutakethistrain,you______（arrive）inShanghaiinfivehours.Thekite______（invent）inChinamorethan2，000yearsago.I'mwriting______（invite）youtotakepartinthelong-distancerelayrace.Iwouldliketothankallourteachers,parentsandfamilies,______havedonesomuchforusovertheyears.Ilovemyseniorsecondaryschool.It'smuch______（big）thanmyjuniorsecondaryschool.Thebasketballteam______mycousinplaysforisdoingreallywellthisyear.______（obtain）thedegree,shewillneedtopassalloftheexaminations.Afteralongday,ZhangTianfinallygotbacktohissmallroom,______（feel）tired.Everyyear,themomentIgetonthetrain,I______（surround）byShanxiaccents—IknowthatIamheadinghometomyfamily.我的目标是这学期各门功课都考好。（dowellin）______拍照时请关闭闪光灯。（turnoff）______当我开始做某事时，我会尽全力去实现它。（setoutto）______这部电影正在被翻译成几种外语。（translateinto）______让他感到满意的是他的学生能够用英语读、说、写。（beableto）______二、阅读理解[A]5BestThingstoDoinMyrtleBeach,SCgondolas

Fromfishingtotoursongondolas,thereisahugevarietyofthingstoenjoyhere.Explorethebestofthebest,whetheryouarestayingindowntownMyrtleBeachorNorthMyrtleBeach,thereareplentyofgoodthingstodiscoverduringyourvacation.

LiveEntertainmentattheCarolinaOpry：HeadtoBarefootLandingtoenjoysomeamazinglivemusicandfunatoneofthebestMyrtleBeachattractions!TheCarolinaOpryisoneofthemostpopularentertainmentplacesinthearea.OnceknownastheCalvinGilmoreTheater,theCarolinaOpryoffersshowssuchasTimeWarp,Thunder&Light,anditssame-nameCarolinaOpryshow.

FamilyKingdomAmusementPark：Ifyouarearollercoasteraddict,besuretovisitFamilyKingdomAmusementPark.Thisthrillingadventureparkhasfunforallages,offeringatonofthrillridessuchastheTwist'NShout,Slingshot,andevenwaterridesatitsnearbywaterpark.Allofthisfuntakesplacebythesea,soyougetawesomeviewsalongwithyouradventures.

Wonderworks：HeadtoWonderworksforsomeofthebestattractions!Withtheseinteractiveexhibits,guestscanexercisetheirminds.Exploretheworldthroughtheseuniqueexhibitsandlearnaboutnaturaldisasters,space,light,andsound,andtestyourstrengthandyourskillsatthePhysicalChallengeZone.Themuseumalsofeaturesanindoorropescourse,6Dmotionride,andlasertag!

MyrtleWavesWaterPark：Enjoyasplashatthisamazingamusementpark!Visitorswillfindalargevarietyofwaterslidesandwaterattractions,fromalazyrivertothrillridesandtubingadventures.Itisagoodwayforfamiliesofallagestoenjoysomewaterfun.

TangerOutlet：Thisoutletstoreisapopularplaceforthosewantingtogoshopping.YoucanchooseeithertheTangerOutletsSouthlocationortheTangerOutletsNorthlocation.Nomatterwhichoneyouvisit,you'llfindamazingdealsfromyourfavoritestoreslikeUnderArmour,MichaelKors,andtheDisneyOutlet.WhatcanvisitorsdoattheCarolinaOpry？______A.Enjoylivemusic. B.Havesomewaterfun.

C.Seeinteractiveexhibits. D.Dosomeshopping.Inwhichplacecanvisitorsbothexercisetheirmindsandtesttheirstrength？______A.FamilyKingdomAmusementPark.

B.Wonderworks.

C.MyrtleWavesWaterPark.

D.TangerOutlet.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage？______A.Torecommendattractions. B.Toadvertiseexhibitions.

C.Todescribeadventures. D.Tointroduceshows.[B]WhentheCOVID-19pandemicforcedthetowninManton,Michigantoshutdown,ScottChittledecidedthatthecommunityneededasafeplacetocometogether,andsomethingtobringsomejoyduringtheboringwintermonths.Andwhatisabetteroutdooractivitytogetpeopleoutsideinthecoldthaniceskating？

Inordertomakehisdreamareality,ChittlesearchedtheInternetforvideosonhowtobuildanicerink（溜冰场）.Heorderedalarge3，000squarefoottarp（防水帆布）onlineandboughtsomewoodtocreatethewalls.Ittook12firetrucksfromthelocalfiredepartmenttogetenoughwatertofilltheplot.

IttookalittletimeasChittlewentdoortodoortoconvincepeopletocomeandseehiscreation,andsoonChittle'sbackyardicerinkbecameaMantonhotspot.ParentsjoinedintohelpChittlebuysecond-handskatesandhockeysticksfortheneighborhoodchildren.Soonenough,thechildrenwereskatingandshooting.

"Wekeptseeingmorethingsdonated.Itwasfantasticbecausethewholecommunityjustcametogether.ItwasamazinghoweverybodyworkedtogetherbecauseofScott."saysneighborAudreyHooker.

Skaterswerewelcometocomeatanytime.AndeachSaturdayfrom4p.m.until8p.m.，dozensofchildrenandtheirparentsgatheredattheicerinkforskateparties.Thechildrenwhohadbeenconfinedtotheirhomesforalmostayearlaughedandshoutedwithjoywhileskatingaroundtherink.Parentsgatheredaroundfeelingreliefthattheirchildrenhadfoundapurposeagain.Itbecameaweeklyeventthatneighborscouldlookforwardtoanditofferedaplaceforpeopletoseeeachotherinasociallydistancedway.

Butthekindnessdidn'tstopwithChittle.Whenthecommunityheardhowmuchmoneyheusedtomakethisprojecthappen,everyonehelped.Afundraiserbroughtinabout﹩1，300，andletterssenttoChittle'shomestuffedwithcashbroughtinanadditional﹩1，500，coveringallofthecostswithmoneytospare.Companiesbegansendingsuppliesfornextyear'sicerinkincludingoutdoorlights,asnowsweepingmachineandshovels.

"Thishasbeenacommunitything,"explainsChittle."It'snotjustme.Iwanttoshowtherestoftheworldwhatalittleeffort,thebestintentions,andcommunitycandonotonlyforothersbutforthesoulsofall."WhydidChittlebuildabackyardicerink？______A.Toorganizeskateparties.

B.Toshowoffhiscreativity.

C.Togetsomemoneyandoutdoorsupplies.

D.Toofferasafesocialplaceandsomefun.Whatdidtheparentsdotohelpwiththeicerink？______A.Filledtheicerinkwithwater.

B.RaisedmoneyforChittle.

C.Boughtskatesandhockeysticks.

D.Convincedpeopletocome.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage？______A.TheicerinkisonlyopentochildrenonSaturday.

B.Thewholecommunitycontributedtotheicerink.

C.Chittlemademuchmoneyafterbuildingtheicerink.

D.TheparentsfeltreliefbecauseChittletookcareoftheirchildren.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeScottChittle？______A.Honestandfriendly. B.Carefulandconfident.

C.Humorousandpolite. D.Kindanddevoted.[C]HowYourWeeklyShopCouldHelpPreventaMassExtinctionAllaroundtheworld,thewayinwhichweproduce,buyandeatfoodhasneverbeenmoresimilar.Youmaythinkyouhavemorechoicesthanyourparentsorgrandparentseverdid,andononelevelthatistrue.Whereveryouare,youcaneatvariousfoodsallinasingleday.

Whatwe'rebeingofferedappearsatfirsttobediverse,untilyourealiseitisthesamekindof"diversity"thatisspreadingaroundtheglobeinthesameway；whattheworldbuysandeatsisbecomingmoreandmorethesame.Ofthe6，000plantspecieshumanshaveeatenovertime,wenowmainlygrowandeatjustnine.What'slesswellknownisthatforeachofthecrops,we'reeatingfromasmallernumberofvarieties.Thousandsofdifferentwheatsexist,butlessthan10makeitontothe"recommendedlist"issuedtoBritishfarmers.It'sasimilarstorywiththemeatweeat.

Thisrelativelyrecentphenomenon（现象）ofeatingfromsuchanarrowselectionofplantsandanimals,andjustafewvarietiesofthese,hasresultedinaseriouslossofdiversityinfarmers'fieldsandinourdietsandagreatlossofbiodiversity.

Inthe20thcentury,effortsweremadetoproducemorecalories（卡路里）tofeedgrowingpopulations,butinsearchofquantity,wegaveupdiversity.Cropsandfarmanimalsuniquetotheirpartoftheworldbecameendangered；someevenwentextinct（灭绝）.Whenafoodislost,werisknotonlylosingaspecialflavour,butalsoawayoflifeandpartofaculture.Wealsolosechoicesforthefuture.

Facedwiththegrowingimpactofclimatechangeandextremeweatherevents,wecanaddgreaterresilience（快速恢复能力）toourfoodsystembysavingdiversity.Butastheworldfarmsandeatsinincreasinglysimilarways,morefoodsareatriskofdisappearing.Weallhaveaparttoplayinpreventingthisfromhappening,whereverweareintheworld,anditstartswithwhatweputinourshoppingbaskets.

Stillunsurewheretostart？Focusononeofyourfavouritefoodsandstarttoexploreitinallitsdiversity.Whetherthat'schocolate,coffee,cheeseorwine,findasmuchvariationasyoucan,setoffonaflavouradventureandhelpsavesomethingfromextinction.Accordingtothepassage,peoplemaybelievethat______.A.ourchoicesoffoodaremorethanthoseofearlygenerations

B.ourwaysoffoodproductionareneversimilartooneanother

C.whatweplantstaysthesamearoundtheworld

D.whatweeatisbecomingincreasinglypopularHowdoesthewriterprovehisideainParagraph2？______A.Byusingdata. B.Bydescribingascene.

C.Bytellingastory. D.Bysharingexperiences.Accordingtothewriter,whatmightbethecauseofthelossofbiodiversity？______A.Climate. B.Business. C.Population. D.Technology.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout？______A.Whytostart. B.Wheretoshop.

C.Whattoeat. D.Howtohelp.[D]Ifthereisoneplaceyoudon'twanttostickyourfinger,it'sthemouthofaPacificlingcod.Thesefearsomefishhavearound500needleliketeethstickingoutofjaws（颌）thatarestrongenoughtocrushcrustaceans（甲壳动物）.

Howlingcodmaintainthesharpnessoftheirterrifyingteethhaslongbeenapuzzle.Butastudy,publishedinNovemberintheProceedingsoftheRoyalSocietyB，claimsthatPacificlingcodkeeptheirteethsharpandshinybyreplacingaboutthreepercentofthemeveryday.Foralingcod,that'supto20teethreplaceddaily.

Inordertodeterminethefrequencyatwhichlingcodreplacetheirteeth,Ms.Cohen,acoauthorofthenewstudy,andhercolleagueskept20lingcodattheUniversityofWashington'sFridayHarborLaboratoriesandtrackedhowmanyteeththeylostandregrewoverseveraldays.Thefishwereplacedinatankofseawatermixedwithareddye（染料）thatcoloredtheirteeth,thenreturnedtotheirregulartankfor10days.Whenthe10dayswereup,thefishwereplacedinatankcontainingagreendyeandthenexamined.Theteeththatwerepresentsincethestartoftheexperimentwerebothredandgreen,whereasthenewteethwereonlygreen.

Aftercollectingandexaminingatotalof10，000teeth,thescientistswereabletodeterminehowquicklylingcodlostandregrewtheirteethandwhichteethwerereplacedmostoften.

Lingcod,likemostfish,havetwosetsofjaws：oraljawsandpharyngealjaws.Theiroraljawsareusedtocatchfoodwhiletheirpharyngealjaws,whicharepositionedintheirthroats,areusedtochewtheirfoodandmoveitfromtheirmouthstothestomach.Ms.Carr,theleadauthor,andcolleaguesfoundthatteetharereplacedmorefrequentlyinthebackofthemouth,wheremostofthechewingandcrushingtakeplace.

Thewaylingcodreplacetheirteethislikelycrucialtotheirhuntingstrategy,saysKoryEvans,afishecologistatRiceUniversityinHouston."Thedulleralingcod'steethare,theharderitisgoingtobeforittoholdontoitstarget.Sohavingtheabilitytoteethandreplacethemisprettyimportant."Dr.Evanssaid,"Inordertomakeitasalingcod,youneedsharppointyteethandallyourteethneedtobeonpoint."WhatdoesParagraph3mainlytalkabout？______A.Whatroleseawaterplayed.

B.Whatconclusionwasreached.

C.Howthestudywasconducted.

D.Howteethchangedtheircolors.Accordingtothepassage,lingcod'steetharereplaced______.A.every10days B.tobetterhuntforfood

C.fasterintheoraljaw D.withbiggerandsharperonesWhatdoestheunderlinedword"shed"inthelastparagraphprobablymean？______A.Repair. B.Sharpen. C.Lose. D.Examine.Whatisthepurposeofwritingthispassage？______A.Towarnpeopleofthedangerofafish.

B.Tointroducethefindingsofanewstudy.

C.Tostresstheimportanceofreplacingteeth.

D.Tosuggestnewwaystoconductstudiesonfish.三、完形填空FleanorLoveknowsthatweddingscreatealotofleftoverflowers.Thatmeansmoreopportunitiesforhertocollectafter-weddingbouquets（花束）andgivethemtoherlonelyhospital(32)，manyofwhomdon'toftenhavevisitors,letaloneexpensive(33).

Theflowersarestillingoodshape,andthepatientsarepleasedtohavethem."Iwasso(34)thatIcried,"saidpatientConnieMelzer,whowasrecoveringfromaheartproblemwhenLovewalkedintoherroomwithabouquetinearly2020.

LoveworkedattheVirginiaCommonwealthUniversityHospitalasa（n）(35)student.Shewonderedhowshecouldhelp(36)thepatients'sufferingbesideslearninghowtotreatthemasastudentdoctor.

"Oneofthe(37)ofbeingamedicalstudentisthatitcanbeverydifficultto(38)tothecareteam,"saidLove."Youarethereasalearner,whodoesn'thaveasmuchknowledgeasdoctors.Butyouwantto(39)yourpatients.HowcanIatthisstageinmytrainingmakea（n）(40)forthem？"

In2019，shestartedTheSimpleSunflowerinRichmond,andsofarhas(41)morethan760bouquetstopatients.Shebroughtfellowstudentsandotherpeopleintoherproject,andnowhasmorethan200(42)ontheemaillist.

WhenLovebegantheproject,shecalledbusinessessuchasweddingvenues（场馆）andfloristsandaskedthemwhateventswerescheduled.Shethenreachedouttobridesandgroomstoaskthemiftheyhad(43)fortheirflowersafterthebigday.

Foreachwedding,sheorganizedateamofeightpeoplewhohelped(44)theflowerswhenthepartywasoverandthenspenttimecarryingthemtoindividualpatients.

PeoplebeyondtheVCUcommunityhaveheardaboutLove'sprojectandbecomepartofit."Oncethewordgotout,peoplearoundthecitystarted(45)us,"Lovesaid.Shewantedtobringtheprojecttomorecitiesandmaybeopenbranchesatothermedicalschools.

"Ifeel(46)whenIseethepatientswhoreceiveourbouquets,"shesaid."Itremindsmewhywedowhatwedo."

A.patients B.cleaners C.doctors D.nurses

A.cards B.fruits C.flowers D.cakes

A.tired B.moved C.worried D.bored

A.art B.law C.engineering D.medical

A.change B.accept C.improve D.reduce

A.dreams B.skills C.challenges D.exams

A.listen B.contribute C.respond D.adapt

A.help B.check C.study D.guide

A.difference B.choice C.impression D.decision

A.divided B.thrown C.delivered D.applied

A.customers B.volunteers C.managers D.teachers

A.means B.goals C.efforts D.plans

A.pickup B.holdup C.makeup D.giveup

A.greeting B.contacting C.trusting D.considering

A.stressed B.confident C.relaxed D.satisfied四、阅读表达Haveyoueverwonderedwhyyoufeelverytiredafteranonlinemeetingorclassroomsession,whenyoumightnotfeelthesameifthemeetingwasbeingheldwitheveryoneinthesameroom？Thiseffect,nicknamed"Zoomfatigue"，isfeltnotjustbystudentsbutbygrown-upsaswell,whoaregettingtiredbyvideomeetingsastheyworkfromhome.

Now,aUSscientistsayshehasidentifiedfourkeyreasonswhyvideocallscanbesoexhausting.JeremyBailenson,fromStanfordUniversityinCalifornia,hasspentmorethan20yearslookingathowdifferentformsofonlinecommunicationcanaffectpeople.Hesaysthefirstreasonvideocallscanfeeltoughisbecausepeopleareconstantlymakingeyecontactwitheachotherastheylookdownattheircameras.Innormalmeetingsorclasses,peopleareusuallyjustlookingatthespeakerbutduringavideocalleveryoneseemstobestaringateveryoneelse.What'smore,theycanoftenseemuncomfortablyclose.

Asecondreasonforfatiguemaybethatpeoplearespendingalotoftimelookingatthemselvesoncamera.Bailensoncomparedthistobeingfollowedaroundaschoolorworkplacebysomeoneholdingupamirror.Previousstudieshavesuggestedthatstaringintomirrorscanmakepeoplefeelmorecriticalaboutthemselvesanddoubtfuloftheirabilities.

Workingfromhomealsomeansthatmanypeoplearen'tmovingasmuchastheyusedto.Studieshaveshownthatpeoplecanthinkmorecreativelywhilemovingaroundbutonlinemeetingsforcepeopletositstillsotheycanstayoncamera.

Bailenson'sfinalreasonisthatitismoredifficulttounderstandpeople'sbodylanguageonavideocall.Withsuchalimitedcameraview,ourbrainsha