化学常用单位、元素分子量和常用物质分子量

化学常用单位、元素分子量和常用物质分子量附录1实训中常用的量及其单位的名称和符号量的名称量的符号单位名称单位符号倍数与分数单位物质的量nB摩[尔]molmmol等质量m千克kgg、mg、μg等体积V立方米m3L(dm3)、mL等摩尔质量MB千克每摩[尔]kg/molg/mol等摩尔体积Vm立方米每摩[尔]m3/molL/mol等物质的量的浓度cB摩每立方米mol/m3mol/L等质量分数ωB质量浓度ρB千克每立方米kg/m3g/L、g/mL等体积分数φB滴定度Ts/x，Ts克每毫升g/mL密度千克每立方米kg/m3g/mL、g/m3相对原子量Ar相对分子量Mr附录2常用酸碱试剂的密度和浓度试剂名称化学式Mr密度ρ/（g/mL）质量分数ω/%物质的量浓度cB/（mol/L）浓硫酸浓盐酸浓硝酸浓磷酸冰醋酸高氯酸浓氢氧化钠浓氨水H2SO4HClHNO3H3PO4CH3COOHHClO4NaOHNH3·H2O98.0836.4663.0198.0060.05100.4640.0017.031.841.191.421.691.051.671.430.9096377085997040281812161517121415附录3一些化合物的相对分子量化合物分子式化合物分子量化合物分子式化合物分子量AgBr187.78C6H5·COOH122.12AgCl143.32C6H5·COONa144.10AgCN133.84C6H4·COOH·COOK(邻苯二甲酸氢钾)204.22Ag2CrO4331.73AgI234.77CH3·COONa82.03AgNO3169.87C6H5OH94.11AgSCN165.95(C9H7N)3H3(PO4·12MoO2)(磷钼酸喹啉)2212.74Al2O3101.96Al2(SO4)2342.15COOH·CH2·COOH(丙二酸)104.06As2O3197.84As2O5229.84COOH·CH2·COONa126.04CCl4153.81BaCO3197.34CO244.01BaC2O4225.35Cr2O3151.99BaCl2208.23Cu(C2H3O2)2·3Cu(AsO2)21013.80BaCl2·2H2O244.26CuO79.54BaCrO4253.32Cu2O143.09BaO153.33CuSCN121.63Ba(OH)2171.35CuSO4159.61BaSO4233.39CuSO4·5H2O249.69CaCO3100.09FeCl3162.21CaC2O4128.10FeCl3·6H2O270.30CaCl2110.98FeO71.85CaCl2·H2O129.00Fe2O3159.69CaF278.07Fe3O4231.54Ca(NO3)2164.09FeSO4·H2O169.93CaO56.08FeSO4·7H2O278.02Ca(OH)274.09Fe2(SO4)3399.89CaSO4136.14FeSO4·(NH4)2SO4·6H2O392.14Ca3(PO4)2310.18Ce(SO4)2332.24H3BO361.83Ce(SO4)2·2(NH4)2SO4·2H2O632.54HBr80.91CH3COOH60.05H6C4O6150.09CH3OH32.04HCN27.03CH3·CO·CH358.08H2CO362.03化合物分子式化合物分子量化合物分子式化合物分子量H2C2O90.04KSCN97.18H2C2O4·2H2126.07K2SO4174.26HCOOH46.03HCl36.46MgCO384.32HClO4100.46MgCl295.21HF20.01MgNH4PO4137.33HI127.91MgO40.31HNO247.01Mg2P2O7222.60HNO363.01MnO70.94H2O18.02MnO286.94H2O234.02H3PO498.00Na2B4O7201.22H2S34.08Na2B4O7·10H2O381.37H2SO382.08NaBiO3279.97H2SO498.08NaBr102.90HgCl2271.50NaCN49.01Hg2Cl2427.09Na2CO3105.99Na2C2O134.00KAl(SO4)2·12H2O474.39NaCl58.44KB(C6H5)4358.33NaF41.99KBr119.01NaHCO384.01KBrO3167.01NaH2PO4119.98KCN65.12Na2HPO4141.96K2CO3138.21Na2H2Y·2H2O(EDTA二钠盐)372.26KCl74.56KClO3122.55NaI149.89KClO4138.55NaNO369.00K2CrO4194.20Na2O61.98K2Cr2O7294.19NaOH40.01KHC2O4·H2C2O4·2H2254.19Na3PO4163.94KHC2O4·H2O146.14Na2S78.05KI166.01Na2S·9H2O240.18KIO3214.00Na2SO3126.04KIO3·HIO3389.92Na2SO4142.04KmnO4158.04Na2SO4·10H2O322.20KNO285.10Na2S2O3158.11K2O92.20Na2S2O3·5H2O248.19KOH56.11Na2SiF6188.06化合物分子式化合物分子量化合物分子式化合物分子量NH317.03SO264.06NH4Cl53.49SO380.06(NH4)2C2O4·H2142.11Sb2O3291.50NH3·H2O35.05Sb2S3339.70NH4Fe(SO4)2·12H2O482.20SiF4104.08(NH4)2HPO4132.05SiO260.08(NH4)3HPO4·12MoO31876.53SnCO3178.72NH4SCN76.12SnCl2189.62(NH4)2SO4132.14SnO2150.71NiC8H14O4N4(丁二酮肟镍)288.91TiO279.88WO3231.83P2O5141.95PbCrO4323.18ZnCl2136.30PbO223.19ZnO81.39PbO2239.19Zn2P2O7304.72Pb3O4685.57ZnSO4161.45PbSO4303.26附录4相对原子质量表(1993年)元素原子量元素原子量元素原子量符号名称符号名称符号名称Ac锕[227]Ge锗72.61Pr镨140.90765Ag银107.8682H氢1.00794Pt铂195.08Al铝26.98154He氦4.00260Pu钚[244]Am镅[243]Hf铪178.49Ra镭226.0254Ar氩39.948Hg汞200.59Rb铷85.4678As砷74.92159Ho钬164.93032Re铼186.207At哎[210]I碘126.90447Rh铑102.90550Au金196.96654In铟114.82Rn氡[222]B硼10.811Ir铱192.22Ru钌101.07Ba钡137.327K钾39.0983S硫32.066Be铍9.01218Kr氪83.80Sb锑121.75Bi铋208.98037La镧138.9055Sc钪44.95591Bk锫[247]Li锂6.941Se硒78.96Br溴79.904Lr铹[257]Si硅28.0855C碳12.011Lu镥174.967Sm钐150.36Ca钙40.078Md钔[256]Sn锡118.710Cd镉112.411Mg镁24.3050Sr锶87.62Ce铈140.115Mn锰54.9380Ta钽180.9479Cf锎[251]Mo钼95.94Tb铽158.92534Cl氯35.4527N氮14.00674Tc锝98.9062Cm锔[247]Na钠22.98977Te碲127.60Co钴58.93320Nb铌92.90638Th钍232.0381Cr铬51.9961Nd钕144.24Ti钛47.88Cs铯132.90543Ne氖20.1797Tl铊204.3833Cu铜63.546Ni镍58.69Tm铥168.93421Dy镝162.50No锘[254]U铀238.289Er铒167.26Np镎237.0482V钒50.9415Es锿[254]O氧15.9994W钨183.85Eu铕151.965Os锇190.2Xe氙131.29F氟18.99840P磷30.97376Y钇88.90585Fe铁55.847Pa镤231.03588Yb镱173.04Fm镄[257]Pb铅207.2Zn锌65.39Fr钫[223]Pd钯106.42Zr锆91.224Ga镓69.723Pm钜[145]Gd钆157.25Po钋[~210]附录5常用缓冲溶液的配制PH值配制方法0123.64.04.555.777.588.599.51010.51112131mol/LHCl0.lmol/LHCl0.01mol/LHClNaAc·3H2O16g，溶于适量水中，加6mol/LHAc268mL，稀释至1LNaAc·3H2O40g，溶于适量水中，加6mol/LHAc268mL，稀释至1LNaAc·3H2O64g，溶于适量水中，加6mol/LHAc136mL，稀释至1LNaAc·3H2O100g，溶于适量水中，加6mol/LHAc68mL，稀释至1LNaAc·3H2O200g，溶于适量水中，加6mol/LHAc26mL，稀释至1LNH4Ac154g，溶于适量水中，稀释至NH4Cl120g，溶于适量水中，加15mol/L氨水2.8mL，稀释至1LNH4C1100g，溶于适量水中，加15mol/L氨水7mL，稀释至NH4Cl80g，溶于适量水中，加15mol/L氨水17.6mL，稀释至1LNH4C170g，溶于适量水中，加15mol/L氨水48mL，稀释至NH4C160g，溶于适量水中，加15mol/L氨水130mL，稀释至NH4C154g，溶于适量水中，加15mol/L氨水294mL，稀释至NH4Cl18g，溶于适量水中，加15mol/L氨水350mL，稀释至1LNH4C16g，溶于适量水中，加15mol/L氨水414mL，稀释至0.01mol/LNaOH0.1mol/LNaOH参考文献刘珍主编．1998.化验员读本(第3版).北京.化学工业出版社。张济新等编.1997.分析化学实验(第1版).上海.华东理工大学出版社。张英主编.2004.食品理化与微生物检测实验.北京.中国轻工业出版社。张英主编.2004.生物与化学基本技能实训指导.广州.广东科技出版社。胡伟光,张文英主编.2004.定量化学分析实验.北京.化学工业出版社。无锡轻工业学院等编.1995.微生物学（适用于工业发酵专业）.北京.中国轻工出版社。方富禄主编.2001.有机化学实验.北京.高等教育出版社。孙守田主编.1980.化验员基本知识(第1版).北京.化学工业出版社。吕春绪诸松渊主