2021年中考语法复习：冠词讲解及提升练习（有答案）

中考语法复习：冠词讲解及提升练习

1.不定冠词(a/an)

1)有些单词虽是元音字母开头，却不是元音音素开头，前面用a。

如:aEuropeancountryaone-daytripauniversityausefulbook

2)有些单词开头的辅音字母不发音，实际上是以元音音素开头，前面用an。

如：anhonestboyanhour

3)有些辅音字母的读音是以元音音素开头，如f,h,l,m,n,s,x,r,前面用an。

如：anX-rayphotographanMBAcourse

4)有些元音字母的读音是以铺音音素开头，如u,前面用a。【例如】aU-tube

5)a/an在一些习惯用语中：

cometoanend结束dosomebodyafavor帮某人忙

goforaswim去游泳goocadiet节食

haveagoodtime过得愉快inahurry匆忙

haveabreak休息一下inaminute一会儿

jumptoaconclusion贸然断定makeadecision做决定

makeafire生火makealiving谋生

makeamistake犯错误makeanoise发出噪音

playatrickon捉弄takealook看一看

takeamessagefor给某人捎个口信takeanunderground坐地铁

tellalie撒谎takeanactivepartin积极参加

2.定冠词(the)

1）指前面或上文提到过的人或事物。

如：Ihaveacatandadog.Thecatiswhiteandthedogisblack.

2）特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。

如：TheladyinredisourEnglishteacher.

3）谈话双方都知道的是某个事物。

如：Excuseme,whereisthebank?

4）在形容词最高级前。

如：TheNileisthelongestriverintheworld.

5）序数词前。

如：Ourclassroomisonthefifthfloor.

6）宇宙中独一无二的事物。

如：Thesunisbiggerthantheearth.

7）江河、海洋或山脉前。

如:TheYangtzeRiverisoneofthelongestriversintheworld.

8）用在方位、方向名词前。

如:ShanghaiisintheeastofChina./PudongisintheeastofShanghai.

9）乐器前。

如：Jackcanplaythepiano.

10）定冠词the和某些形容词连用，表示一类人或事物（作主语时，谓语动词一般用复数）。

如：Weshouldhelpthepoor,theold老年人theyoung年轻人therich富人

ID用在姓氏的复数形式前面，表示全家人或夫妇二人（注意：作主语时，谓语动词一般用

复数）

如:TheGreensaregoingtoJapannextweek.

12）表示年代

如：在二十世纪九十年代inihe1990s

13）用在普通名词构成的专有名词前。

如:IhavebeentotheGreatWalltwice.

14）用在单数名词前，表示某一类人或事物，和不定冠词的用法相似。

如:TheelephantisuniqueinAfrica.

15）the在一些习惯用语中。

如：alltheway一路上attheendof在....结束的时候

atthesametime同时bytheway顺便问；顺便说一下

forthefirsttime第一次forthetimebeing暂时；眼下

getintothehabitof养成...习惯intheend最后；终于

inthefuture在将来inthepast在过去

laythetable摆好餐具makethebed整理床铺

onthephone在听电话oniheotherhand另一方面

taketheplaceof代替withthehelpof在....的帮助下

16）定冠词的特殊用法。

•在形容词、副词比较级前构成“the+比较级……，the+比较级……”

如:Themoreyoueat,thefatteryouwillbe.

•动词+somebody+介词+the+身体部位°

如:Thefootballhithimonthehead.

•主语+动词+the+比较级+ofthetwo+名词复数。

如:Sheisthetallerofthetwogirls.

3.零冠词

1）学科名称前。

如:WestudyChinese,Math,Englishandsoon.

2）在表示国家、城市等的专有名词前。

如:China,Shanghai,NewYorkCity

如：theUnitedStates前必须有定冠词the

【注意】America前不加定冠词the

3）在日期、季节、月份、星期、节日前。（但在一些表示名族节日的词前需加the）

如:HewasbornonMonday,February14,1995./WeoftenhaveagoodtimeonChristmas

Day.

【注意】theSpringFestivaltheMid-AutumnFestival

4）一日三餐前。

如：Wehavesomebreadandmilkforbreakfast.

5）球类运动前。

如:Weplayfootballafterschooleveryday.

6）在this,that,these,those,my,whose,next,last,some,any,every,each等词前。

如:Wehadagoodtimelastweekends./WearegoingtohaveapicnicthiscomingSunday.

7）不可数名词，如物质名词和抽象名词前。

如:Snowiswhite.

8）在家庭成员、称呼语及表示头衔的名词前。

如:Myfatherandmotherwentforawalk./PresidentLincolnwasbornpoor.

9）在复数名词前，表示泛指或类指。

如:Horsesareusefulanimals.

10）零冠词用在一些固定搭配:

albreakfast/lunch/dirmer在早/午/晚餐时atwork在工作

bybus/train/plane坐汽车/火车/飞机havebreakfast吃早餐

inclass在课上indanger在危险中

inhospital住院insurprise惊奇地

introuble处在困境中gotochurch去做礼拜

onfoot步行intime及时

ontime准时alnight在晚上

注意：在一些短语中，有冠词和没有冠词意义不同。

［例如］inclass在上课intheclass在班上

inhospital住院inthehospital在医院里

gotoschool上学gototheschool到学校去

infrontof在……前面inthefrontof在……（内部）

刖面

allable在吃饭alihelable在桌子旁边

inschool在学校读书intheschool在学校里

golochurch去做礼拜goloihechurch去教堂

巩固提升：

一、单选题

1.OnSeptember8,Thailand'smonkeycelebratedher55thbirthdayatKhaoKheow

OpenZoo.

A.oldB.olderC.oldestD.theoldest

2.Themanhithishandsagainsthislegseveraltimesuntilhefeltsharppain.

A.aB.anC.theD./

3.womaninthepicturesavedalotofpeople'slives.

A.AB.AnC.TheD./

4."Thebossisonphone.Hecan'tseeyounow,"thesecretarysaidtome.

A.aB.anC.theD./

5.Thesocietyshouldofferdisabledmorechancesforjobs.

A.aB.anC.theD./

6.Agoodwaytomakeapieceofwritingcometolifeistodescribethingsthrough

senses.

A.aB.anC.theD./

7.Ienjoyhavingbreakfastwithmyfamilyathome.Itmakesmefeelrelaxed.

A./B.aC.anD.the

8.DoctorLisaysMikeisalittleoverweightandheneedstogoondiet.

A.aB.anC.theD./

9.Manager,Tdliketomakecomplaintabouttheshopassistant'sbadattitude.

A.aB.anC.theD./

10.Afterhalfanhour'sdiscussion,theywereallinfavorofmysuggestion.

A.aB.anC.theD./

11.Besuretotakeyourteacher'sadvice.Thenyouwillmakeprogress.

A.aB.anC.theD./

12.It'sreportedthatmoreandmorechildrenlearntoplaybadmintonatanearlyage.

A.aB.anC.theD./

13.Theyoungmanwasgivenanawardforhisservicestodisabled.

A.aB.anC.theD./

14.Manypeopleareeagertoseefamousartwork,theMonaLisa,withtheirowneyes.

A./B.theC.aD.an

15.MyfatherisuniversityteacherinShanghai.Healwaysworkshard.

A.aB.anC.theD./

16.Humanbeingsstillcan'tstopthespreadofsomediseasefortimebeing.

A.aB.anC.theD./

17.InChinadisabledaretakengoodcareofandrespectedaswell.

A.aB.anC.theD./

18.amusingfilmHomealoneis!

A.WhatB.WhataC.WhatanD.How

19.Itissaidthatkeepingdiaryhelpsimproveone'swritingability.

A.aB.anC.theD./

20.TheEnglishusuallymaketeainateapotanddrinkitwithcreamandsugar.

A.aB.anC.theD./

21.Hedidn'teventhankme,sothatwasthelasttimeIdidhimfavour.

A.aB.theC.anD./

22.一Wouldyouliketoopenthewindowforme?

一It'salittlewindyoutsideandIhaveheadacheproblem.

A.aB.anC.theD./

23.Madam,Ididn'tmakeit.MayIhavesecondtry?

A.aB.anC.theD./

24.Allencalledhissontogivehimhandinthegarden.

A.aB.anC.theD./

25.Thegeniusboy,LaurentSimons,wenttocollegeattheageoftwelve.

A.aB.theC.anD./

26.Christinedoesnotusuallyhavesupperunlesssheisveryhungry.

A.aB.anC.theD./

27.Thereis"u"intheword“thoughPleasedon'tmissitwhenyouwritetheword.

A.aB.anC.theD./

28.Didyounoticetheladywhowastalkinghappilyonphoneoverthere?

A./B.aC.anD.the

29.Hehasbeentouniversitytovisithisprofessorforseveraltimessincegraduation.

A.theB.aC./D.an

30.EverymorningIhaveeggandtwopiecesofbreadforbreakfast.

A.aB.anC.theD./

31.sickneedtobelookedafter,somoneymustbespentonhospitals.

A.AB.AnC.TheD./

32.Pleasetakethevaluablevasetherewithgreatcare.Idon'twantittobebroken.

A.aB.anC.theD./

33.SallyoftenworksinthegardenafterbreakfastonSaturdaymorning.

A.aB.anC.theD./

34.Neverbetooproud.Thereisalwaysroomforimprovementtobecomeperfect.

A.aB.anC.theD./

35.Middleschoolstudentsusuallyhaveone-dayspringoutinginAprilorMay.

A.aB.anC.theD./

36.Garrylikestogoforpicnicwithhisfamilyonsunnyweekends.

A.aB.anC.theD./

37.Atlastitseemedthatthewarnightbecomingtoend.

A.aB.anC.theD./

38.Thismagazinecan'tbetakenoutofthereadingroomfortimebeing.

A.aB.anC.theD./

39.Thousandsofpeoplegotobigcitiestomakelivingeveryyear.

A.aB.anC.theD./

40.Pleasetakelookatthephotoandseeifyourecognizeanyoneinit.

A.aB.anC.theD./

41.Whenyouplayviolin,youneedtopickitupbyyourneckwithyourlefthand.

A.aB.anC.theD./

42.Filtakecloselookatmycar.Somestrangenoisecomesfromthefrontwheel.

A.aB.anC.theD./

43.Sendinge-mailhasalmosttaken___placeofwritingletters.

A.aB.anC.theD./

44.Kittyishonestgirl.Shenevertellsliesandwelikeherverymuch.

A.aB.anC.theD./

45.Moreandmoreyoungpeoplearetryingtodosomethingforoldatweekends.

A.aB.anC.theD./

46.Manychildrenstarttopracticeplayingpianoatanearlyage.

A.aB.anC.theD./

47.Thedoctorsuggestedtothefatboythatheshouldgoondiettokeephealthy.

A.aB.anC.theD./

48.Davidwasinsuchhurrythathewenttoschoolwithoutbreakfastthismorning.

A.aB.anC.theD./

49.Themainpurposeofinternationallawsofwaristoprotectinnocent.

A.aB.anC.theD./

50.Manystudentsinmyclasshavelunchatschoolforfree.

A.theB.aC.anD./

51.Theguestsaretoldthatthefurnitureintheflatisdesignedbyownerhimself.

A.theB.anC.aD./

52.Alisaissuchhoneststudentthatsheisoftenpraisedbyherteachers.

A.aB.anC.theD./

53.Allofusopenedourmouthsinsurpriseattheunexpectednews.

A.aB.anC.theD./

54.oldmaninbuleisSusan'sphysicsteacher.

A.AB.AnC.TheD./

55.CarltoldusthathistriptotheUnitedStateswaswonderfulexperience.

A.aB.anC.theD./

56.BrooklynBeckham,eldestchildoftheBeckhams,willsellhisphotobookinMay,

2017.

A.aB.anC.theD./

57.Theyoungengineersolvedtheprobleminunusualway.

A.aB.anC.theD./

58.OnedayGloriawantstoplayfootballforhercountryintheWorldCup.

A.aB.anC.theD./

59.Suelikeswritingverymuch.Shebegantokeepdiaryfiveyearsago.

A.aB.anC.theD./

60.It*scommonsensethateveryoneshouldrespectandtakecareofold.

A.aB.anC.theD./

61.Ifyouwanttoloseweight,youshouldgoondietandhavemoreexercise.

A.aB.anC.theD./

62.Theredcrosssaidthatmanyofwoundedwerenotreceivingneededcare.

A.aB.anC.theD./

63.CouldyoudomefavorandpickupSamfromschooltoday?

A.theB.anC.aD./

64.Lastnight,amansatatametrostationandstartedtoplayviolin.

A.aB./C.theD.an

65.TheUKisEuropeancountryandChinaisAsiancountry.

A.an;anB.a;aC.a;anD.an;a

66.Learningfromsuccessfulpeopleisgoodwaytogainwisdom.

A.aB.anC.theD./

67.EverychildshouldgotoschoolattheageofsixinChina.

A.aB.anC.theD./

68.LastweekIboughtUSBflashdisktostoremyreadingmaterials.

A.aB.anC.theD./

69.Haveyoufounddetectivebooktheytalkedaboutyesterday?

A./B.aC.anD.the

70.ItissaidthatnewamusementparkwillbebuiltinthewestofShanghaiinthefuture.

A.aB.anC.theD./

71.DoyouthinkAI（人工智能）willtakeplaceofhumanssomedayinthefuture?

A.theB.an