考研《英语一》额敏县2023年预测试卷含解析

考研《英语一》额敏县2023年预测试卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Agroupofgraduatesgottogethertovisittheirolduniversityprofessor.Theconversationsoonturnedintocomplaintsabout1coffee,theprofessorwenttothekitchenand2withalargepotofcoffeeanda3ofcups---porcelain,plastic,glass,crystal,someplain-looking,someexpensive,somebeautiful—tellingthemto4themselvestothecoffee.Whenallthestudentshadacupofcoffeeinhand,theprofessorsaid,“ifyouhave5,allthenice-lookingexpensivecupshavebeen6,leavingbehindtheplainand7ones.Whileitisnormalforyoutowantonlythebestforyourselves,thatisthe8ofyourproblemsandstress.”“Beassuredthatthecup9addsnoqualitytothecoffee.10itisjustmoreexpensiveandinsomecases11hideswhatwedrink.”“12allofyoureallywantiscoffee,notthecup,13youconsciouslywentforthebestcups….Andthenyoubegan14eachother’scups.”Nowconsiderthis:15isthecoffee;thejobs,moneyandpositioninsocietyarethecups16arejusttoolstoholdandcontainlife,andthetypeofcupwehavedoesnotdefine,norchangethe17oflifewelive.Sometimes,byconcentratingonlyonthecup,we18toenjoythecoffee.Valuethecoffee,notthecups!Don’tletthecups19you…enjoythecoffeeinstead.1、A．stress B．dream C．sorrow D．truth2、A．friends B．customers C．fellows D．guests3、A．carried B．returned C．arrived D．reached4、A．kind B．variety C．sort D．number5、A．devote B．expose C．help D．addicted6、A．searched B．witnessed C．noticed D．discovered7、A．takenup B．broughtin C．soldout D．cutdown8、A．expensive B．cheap C．beautiful D．usual9、A．point B．answer C．source D．result10、A．byitself B．onitsown C．foritself D．itself11、A．Atnotime B．Attimes C．Innocase D．Inmostcases12、A．ever B．even C．never D．hardly13、A．What B．That C．Which D．Whether14、A．but B．so C．and D．for15、A．suspecting B．liking C．envying D．eyeing16、A．Love B．Life C．Future D．Failure17、A．They B．We C．You D．What18、A．quantity B．style C．quality D．standard19、A．have B．hesitate C．forget D．fail20、A．force B．drive C．puzzle D．amazeSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Thevaluesofartisticworks,accordingtoculturalrelativism(相对主义),aresimplyreflectionsoflocalsocialandeconomicconditions.Suchaview,however,failstoexplaintheabilityofsomeworksofarttoexcitethehumanmindacrossculturesandthroughcenturies.HistoryhaswitnessedtheendlessproductionsofShakespeareanplaysineverymajorlanguageoftheworld.ItisneverraretofindthatMozartpacksJapaneseconcerthalls,asJapanesepainterHiroshigedoesParisgalleries,Uniqueworksofthiskindaredifferentfromtoday’spopularart,eveniftheybeganasworksofpopularart.Theyhavesetthemselvesapartintheirtimelessappealandwillprobablybeenjoyedforcenturiesintothefuture.Ina1757essay,thephilosopherDavidHumearguedthatbecause“thegeneralprinciplesoftasteareuniform(不变的)inhumannature,”thevalueofsomeworksofartmightbeessentiallypermanent.HeobservedthatHomerwasstilladmiredaftertwothousandyears.Worksofthistype,hebelieved,spoketodeepandunvaryingfeaturesofhumannatureandcouldcontinuetoexistovercenturies.Nowresearchersareapplyingscientificmethodstothestudyoftheuniversalityofart.Forexample,evolutionarypsychologyisbeingusedbyliteraryscholarstoexplainthelong-lastingthemesandplotdevicesinfiction.Thestructuresofmusicalpiecesarenowopentoexperimentalanalysisasneverbefore.Researchfindingsseemtoindicatethatthecreationbyagreatartistisaspermanentanachievementasthediscoverybyagreatscientist.1、Accordingtothepassage,whatdoweknowaboutculturalrelativism?A．Itintroducesdifferentculturalvalues.B．Itexplainsthehistoryofartisticworks.C．Itrelatesartisticvaluestolocalconditions.D．Itexcitesthehumanmindthroughouttheworld.2、InParagraph2,theartistsarementionedinordertoshowthat_____.A．greatworksofartcangobeyondnationalboundariesB．historygivesartworksspecialappealtosetthemapartC．popularartsarehardlydistinguishablefromgreatartsD．greatartistsareskilledatcombiningvariouscultures3、Whichofthefollowingcanbestserveasthetitleofthepassage?A．AreArtisticValuesUniversal?B．ArePopularArtsPermanent?C．IsHumanNatureUniform?D．IsCulturalRelativismScientific?Text2Aprettyfaceisneverforgotten.Doyoubelieveso?Butmaybeitisuntrue!Psychologistsbelievebeautifulpeoplearelesslikelytoberecognized.Anewstudysuggeststhatattractivenesscanactuallypreventtherecognitionoffaces,unlessaprettyfacehasparticularlydistinctivefeatures,suchasAngelinaJolie’s.Germanpsychologiststhinktherecognitionofprettyfacesisdistorted(扭曲)byemotions.ResearchersHolgerWiese,CarolinAltmannandStefanSchweinbergerattheUniversityofJena,Germany,discoveredinastudythatphotosofunattractivepeopleweremoreeasilyrememberedthanprettyoneswhentheyshowedthemtoagroupofpeople.Forthestudy,whichwaspublishedinsciencemagazineNeuropsychologia,thepsychologistsshowedphotosoffacestotestsubjects.Halfofthefaceswereconsideredtobemoreattractiveandtheotherhalfaslessattractive,butallofthemwerebeingthoughtofassimilarlydistinctivelooking.Thetestsubjectswereshownthefacesforjustafewsecondstomemorizethemandwereshownthemagainduringthetestsothattheycoulddecideiftheyrecognizedthemornot.Theresearchersweresurprisedbytheresult.“Untilnowweassumedthatitwasgenerallyeasiertomemorizefaceswhicharebeingconsideredasattractive,justbecausewepreferlookingatbeautifulfaces,”Dr.Wiesesaid.Butthestudyshowedthatsuchaconnectioncannotbeeasilyproven.Heassumesthatrememberingprettyfacesisdistortedbyemotionalinfluences,whichenhancethesenseofrecognitionatalatertime.Theresearchers’ideaisbackedupbyevidencefromEEG-recordings(脑电图记录)theyusedduringtheirexperimentwhichshowthebrains’electricactivity.Thestudyalsorevealedthatinthecaseofattractivefaces,considerablymorefalsepositiveresultsweredetected.Inotherwords,peoplethoughttheyrecognizedafacewithouthavingseenitbefore.“Weobviouslytendtobelievethatwerecognizeafacejustbecausewefinditattractive.”Dr.Wiesesaid.1、WhatdoweknowaboutthephotosfromParagraph3?A．Theywereallofprettyfaces.B．Theywereselectedatrandom.C．Theywerenotdistinctiveatall.D．Theywereshowedtwicetothetestsubjects.2、Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“falsepositiveresults”inthelastparagraphmean?A．Peopleactuallyonlyrecognizefewprettyfaces.B．Peoplerecognizemoreuglyfacesthanprettyones.C．Peopleclaimtorecognizeafacetheyhaveneverseen.D．Peoplerecognizefewerfacesthantheyhavethought.3、Whatcanbeinferredfromthenewstudy?A．Peoplearereluctanttorecognizeuglyfaces.B．Beautifulpeopleareparticularlydistinctive.C．Attractivenesspreventstherecognitionoffaces.D．Attractivefacesarealwayseasytoberecognized.4、Whichwordcanshowtheauthor’sattitudetowardsthefindingsoftheresearch?A．Doubtful.B．Disapproving.C．Favorable.D．Objective.Text3CruzGenet,11,andAnthonySkopick,10,couldn’tagree.Werethebirdsontheiceducksorgeese?Therewasonlyonewaytofindout.SoonacoldJanuaryevening,thetwofriendsriskedontothefrozenpondneartheirhouseinFrankfort,Illinois,togetabetterlook.Firsttheythrewasmallstonetotestit.Thentheysteppedonit.Believingtheicewouldholdtheirweight,Anthonytookafewsteps,then....Hefellthroughtheseeminglyfrozenice.Cruzrushedtohelphisfrightenedfriend—thepond“ate”himtoo.Gruzmanagedtolifthimselfoutofthewaterandontoamorereliablepart.HethencarefullymadehiswaytoAnthony.Buttheicedidn’thold,andhefellinagain.Thistimehecouldn’tgetout.Theboysquicklylostfeelingintheirarmsandlegs.Cruzwassurehewasgoingtodie.Anthony’soldersisterhadseentheboysfallthroughtheiceandstartedscreamingforhelp.JohnLavin,aneighbordrivingnearbyonhiswaytothegrocerystore,heardher.Hequicklypulledover.Seeingtheboys,hekickedoffhisshoes,andrunintothefreezingwater.LavinmadehiswaytoCruzandAnthonyandsavedthembacktoland.Theyweretakentothehospital,wheredoctorsdiscoveredthattheirfive-minutestayinthewaterhadloweredtheirbodytemperaturenearlytendegrees.Fortunately,theboyshavefullyrecovered,thoughtheyarestillmovedbytheirfearlessneighbor.“Justtothink,”saysGruz,“ifhewasn’tthere,Icouldhavedied.”1、WhydidGruzandAnthonystepontheice?A．Togoskating. B．Totrapsomebirds.C．Tosettleadisagreement. D．Totestthestrengthoftheice.2、HowdidCruzfeelwhencaughtinthewater?A．Hopeless. B．Puzzled.C．Shocked. D．Calm.3、Whatbasicallysavedthetwoboys’lives?A．Screamingofanoldersister. B．Bettercareofdoctors.C．loweringoftheirbodytemperature. D．Braveactofaneighbor.4、Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．TwoBoysFallingintheWater B．AHeroicMantotheRescueC．DuckorGeese,ItIsaQuestion D．CuriosityKillstheCatText4Ifyouarehungry,whatdoyoudo?Grabapieceofyourfavoritemealandstayquietafterthat?Justlikeyourstomach,evenyourmindishungry.Butitneverletsyouknow,becauseyoukeepitbusythinkingaboutyourdreamlover,favoritestarandmanysuchabsurdthings.Soitsilentlybegantopaycarefulattentiontoyourneedsandneverletitselfgrow.Whenmindloosensitsfreedomtogrow,creativitygetsafullstop.Thismightbethereasonwhyweallsometimesthink“Whathappensnext?”,“Whycan'tIthink?”,“WhyamIalwaysgiventhedifficultproblems?”Wellthisistheresultofourownkarma（宿命）ofusingourbrainforthinkingofnot-so-worthythings.Hungerofthemindcanbeactuallysettledthroughextensivereading.NowwhyreadingandnotwatchingTV?Becausereadinghasbeenthemosteducativetoolusedbyusrightfromthechildhood.Justlikethattodevelopotheraspectsofourlife,wehavetotakehelpofreading.Youhaveinnumerablenumberofbooksinthisworldwhichwillanswerallyour"Howto?"questions.Onceyoureadabook,youjustdon'trunyoureyesthroughthelines,butevenyourminddecodes（解码）itandexplainsittoyou.Theinterestingpartofthebookisstoredinyourmindasaseed.Nowthisseedisunknowinglyusedbyyouinyourfuturetodevelopnewideas.Thesameseedifusedmanytimes,canhelpyoulinkandrelatealotofthings,ofwhichyouwouldhaveneverthoughtofinyourwildestdreams!Thisisnothingloutcreativity.Themorethenumberofbooksyouread,themoreyourmindwillopenup.Alsothisimprovesyourspeakingskillstoalargeextentandalsomakesasignificantcontributiontoyourvocabulary.WithinnotimeyoustartspeakingEnglishoranylanguagefluentlywithyourfriendsorotherpeopleandyouneverseemtorunoutoftherightwordsattherighttime.1、Whatdoestheauthormeanbysayingthatourmindishungry?A．Wedon'treadbooks.B．Ourcreativitygetsafullstop.C．Wedon'thaveagoodmemory.D．Wedon'tknowwhattodonext.2、One'smindishungrybecausehe/she.A．can'tworkoutthingswellB．loosensthefreedomtogrowC．ismentallybusywithmanyabsurdthingsD．beginstopaycarefulattentiontohisneeds3、WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheadvantageofreading?A．Helpingyoudevelopyourcreativity.B．Helpingyouenlargeyourvocabulary.C．Helpingyouimproveyourspeakingskills.D．Helpingyourunyoureyesthroughthelines.4、Byreadingmore,wearesureto.A．performbettermentallyinthefutureB．dreamthewildestdreamsC．storebooksinyourmindD．speakEnglishfluentlyPartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Color，designandflavor，youcanfindallthisandmoreinthepastry(油穌糕饼）ofCedricGroletThe33-year-oldFrenchchef1．(make)hisnamethroughseveralvisuallysurprisingconfectionlines，suchastheiconictrompe-l'oeilfruitdessertsBefore2．(open)hisownstoreinParisearlierthisyear,Groletworkedwithseveraltop-notchpastrychefs“Ithinksuccessdependson3．amountofhardwork,”hesaid“Ifyouwanttoachievegreatthingsinyourcareer，youshouldalwayshaveanobjectiveandthedesire4．(learn)”GroletwontheWorld'sBestPastryChefbothin2017and2018，andhasover1million5．(follower)onInstagramDuringhisglobalteachingtour，hesitsdownwithChinaDailyWebsiteinBeijingtotalkabouthisexperienceinChinaandpastrymakingHis6．(impress)onChinastartedmorethanadecadeago“IcametoChinaforthefirsttime7．theageof8．ItwasalsothefirsttimeI9．(travel)byairplaneIcametoBeijing,whichwasincredible,”hesaid“Ihaven’tyetexploredChineseculture10．Ithinktherearemanyinterestingthings”Adream-seeker11．(him),GroletgiveshisbestwishestoyoungadultsinChina“IwishthemtobelieveintheirdreamandtohavepatienceabouttheirdreamIwishthemallthecourageandgoodluck”IwasalwaystoldthatthethreePs,patience,positivethinkingandperseverance（毅力），wereasurepath1．successButthisadvicedoesnotalwaysworkasplannedMyhighschoolmathexamisoneexampleTheexam,2．wasoriginallytobeheldinourclassroom,3．(change)tothelibraryatthelastminuteThis,4．，didn’tbothermebecausemathhadalwaysbeenmystrongestsubjectIpatientlywalkedtothelibrary,tookmyseatanddidsomedeepbreathingtohelprelax5．ButmymoodquicklychangedwhenIsaw6．firstquestionIhadnoideahowtodoitItriedtostaypositiveandpersevered7．IfinallyfoundthesolutionWiththeproblem8．(solve),Ifeltproudofmyachievement9．(fortunate),IthennoticedthatIhadjust10minutesleft10．(complete)therest!SectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Lavenderessentialoil(熏衣草精油)isobtainedmostlyfromtheflowersofhelavenderplant.Ithasnotonlybeenusedinmakingperfumesformanyyearsbutalsohasvarioushealthbenefits.1、Lavenderessentialoilisknownasanexcellenttreatmentforvarioustypesofpainsincludingthosecausedbysoreandtensemuscles,muscularaches,backache,andSoon.Astudyonpostoperativepainreliefshowedthatcombininglavenderessentialoilvaporwiththeoxygensignificantlyreducedtheamountofpainexperienced.Induce(引起)sleep.Frequentstudiesonelderlypatientshaveshownanincreaseintheirsleepregularitywhentheirnormalsleepmedicationisreplacedwithsomelavenderessentialoilbeingplacedontheirpillows.2、Therefore,itoftenreplacesmodernmedicinesforsleepissues.Reducementalstressandanxiety.Lavenderessentialoilhasacalmingscentwhichmakesitanexcellenttreatmentforthenerveandanxietyissues.Therefreshingaromaremovesnervousexhaustionandrestlessnesswhilealsoincreasingmentalactivity.3、Providehaircare.4、AScottishstudyreportedthatmorethan40%ofalopecia(脱发)patientsinthestudyreportedanincreaseinhairgrowthwhentheyregularlyappliedlavenderessentialoiltotheskinundertheirhair.Therefore,lavenderoilissometimesrecommendedasapreventativemeasureformalepatternhairlessness.5、Thereisasignificantresearchontheeffectsoflavender,incombinationwithotheressentialoils,asawaytopreventtheoccurrenceofbreastcancerinmice.However,thiscouldbeanindicationofanincreasedchanceoflavenderbattlingthepresenceofothercancers.A．Preventcancer.B．Relievemusclepain.C．Ithasarelaxingimpactonpeople.D．Promotemusclestrengthandhealth.E.Ithasawell-researchedimpactontheautomaticnervoussystem.F.Lavenderessentialoilisveryhelpfulinthetreatmentofhairloss.G.Therefore,itcanbehelpfulintreatingdepression,nervoustensionandemotionalstress.Youaresittingonthedesk.Ateacheriswritingontheblackboard.Kidsareyellingintheplaygroundoutside.Abookfallsoffthedesknexttoyou.Suddenly,theteacherhandsyouapopquiz.Don’tpanic!1、You’reina“virtual（虚拟的）classroom”.Everythingyouseeandheariscomingtoyouthroughacomputer-operateddisplaythatyou’rewearingonyourheadlikeapairofverybigglasses.Wearingthiskindofvirtual-realityequipment,youcanfindyourselfsittinginaclassroom,touringafamousmuseum,wanderingacrossastrange