江苏专版2023-2024学年新教材高中英语Unit4Exploringliterature素养培优练一牛津译林版必修第二册

素养培优练（一）Ⅰ.阅读理解AWhowasitonthetopfloor?Thelamplitupaman'sface.Pipdidn'trecognizeit,buttheexpressionshowedthatitsownerwaspleasedtoseePip.SuddenlyPipknewwhohewaswhenhesatdowninachairnearthefire!Theconvictinthechurchyardyearsago!“Youhelpedme,Pip,”saidtheman.“Ihaveneverforgottenit.”Pipfeltnoneforhim,saying,“Ifyou'vecomeheretothankme,itisn'tnecessary.Youmustunderstand...Butyouaretired.Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrinkbeforeyougo?”“Thankyou.Iknow,youarenolongerwhatyouusedtobe.Itdoesn'thurttoaskhowyoumanagedtolivesuchalifeasagentleman.”“Ihaveabenefactor,”Pipreplied,embarrassed.“CouldIguessyourincome?”saidtheconvict,smiling.“Isthefirstfigurefive?”Pip'sheartstartedtobeatveryfast.“AnddoyouhaveaguardianwhosenamebeginswiththeletterJ?”SuddenlyPipunderstoodwhythemanwasthere.Hestoodupandheldthebackofachair.ThemantookPip'shandsandkissedthem.ButPipstillrememberedthatthismanwasacriminal.“You'relikeasonofme,Pip.IwasworkingforyouinAustralia,”themanwenton.“I'mhappyyouarespendingmymoney.”Pipsmiledandlistenedweakly.“Itwasn'teasyformetoseeyouandstaywithyouhere.Iwassentawayforlife.IftheyfindmebackinLondon,they'llhangme.”Feelingevenworseandtooconfused,Pipjustsaid,“Youaretired.Youneedagoodsleep.Goodnight.”Afteranhourortwo,somethingstartedtobecomecleartoPip.MissHavishamhadnointerestinhisfutureorplansforhimandEstella.Shewasusingthemtotakeherrevenge（复仇）onmen!1.Whatdoesthefifthparagraphimply?A.ThankstoPipcamemuchtoolatetobeaccepted.B.Pipwasexcitedenoughtospeakquiteoutofbreath.C.Themandidn'tknowPipwasalreadyagentleman.D.Pipactuallydeclaredthevisitortobeunwelcome.2.Whatdoweknowabouttheman'scharacterinthepassage?A.Hewasaffectionate. B.Hewasproud.C.Hewasdisgusting. D.Hewascruel.3.WhattruthdidPipfinallyfindout?A.Heoncehelpedthemanhiddenonthetopfloor.B.ThemanwastakenawayfromEnglandforlife.C.NotHavishambutthemanhelpedhim.D.Onceaconvict,alwaysadangerousconvict.4.WhatmightstillpuzzlePip?A.Wherethemancamefrom. B.Howthemanbecameacriminal.C.Whowasthebenefactorofhim. D.Whatriskthemantooktoseehim.BWeallknowwhatabrainis.Adoctorwilltellyouthatthebrainistheorganofthebodyinthehead.Itcontrolsourbody'sfunctions,movements,emotionsandthoughts.Butabraincanmeansomuchmore.Abraincanalsosimplybeasmartperson.Ifapersoniscalledbrainy,sheissmartandintelligent.Ifafamilyhasmanychildrenbutoneofthemissupersmart,youcouldsay,“She'sthebraininthefamily.”Andifyouarethebrainbehindanorganization,youareresponsiblefordevelopingororganizingit.Braintrustisagroupofexpertswhogiveadvice.Wordexpertssaythephrase“braintrust”becamepopularwhenFranklinD.Rooseveltfirstranforpresidentin1932.SeveralprofessorsgavehimadviceonsocialandpoliticalissuesfacingtheUS.Theseprofessorswerecalledhis“braintrust”.Thesewaysweusetheword“brain”allmakesense.Butotherwaysweusethewordarenotsoeasytounderstand.Forexample,tounderstandthenextbrainexpression,youfirstneedtoknowtheword“drain”.Asaverb,todrainmeanstoremovesomethingbylettingitflowaway.Soabraindrainmaysoundlikeadiseasewherethebrainflowsoutoftheears.But,abraindrainiswhenacountry'smosteducatedpeopleleavetheircountriestoliveinanother.Thebrainsare,sortof,drainingoutofthecountry.However,ifpeopleareresponsibleforagreatidea,youcouldsaytheybrainstormedit.Here,brainstormisnotanactofweather.Itisaprocessofthinkingcreativelyaboutacomplextopic.Forexample,businessleadersmayusebrainstormingtocreatenewproducts,andgovernmentleadersmaybrainstormtosolveproblems.Ifpeoplearebrainwashed,itdoesnotmeantheirbrainsareniceandclean.Tobrainwashmeanstomakesomeoneacceptnewbeliefsbyusingrepeatedpressureinaforcefulortrickyway.Keepinmindthatbrainwashisneverusedinagoodway.5.WhydidRooseveltsuccessfullywintheelectionaccordingtothetext?A.Hegothisbraintrust. B.Hewassmartatgivingadvice.C.HewasthebraintrustofAmericans. D.Wordexpertssayheisthebraintrust.6.Accordingtothetext,ifyou'retheCEOofBaidu,youcanbecalled.A.theorganofBaidu B.thebraintrustofBaiduC.thebrainofBaidu D.thebraindrainofBaidu7.Whichofthefollowingexpressionsisalwaysusedinanimpoliteway?A.Brainstorm. B.Braintrust. C.Brainwash. D.Braindrain.8.What'sthemainideaofthisarticle？A.Theoriginoftheword“brain”.B.Theword“brain”anditsstories.C.Howtouseyourbrainmoreeffectively.D.Thebrainisanimportantorganofthebody.Ⅱ.七选五HowtoChooseExtracurricularActivitiesFromsportstoclubstooutsideorganizations,therearemanyactivitiestotakepartinoutsidetheclassroom.1Fortunately,itbecomesquiteeasyonceyoufigureoutwhatyouenjoydoingingeneral.Withalittlemorecarefulthought,youcanalsochooseanactivitythatinterestsyou.Thinkaboutyourinterestsandknowyouradvantages.Beforeyoustartconsideringspecificactivities,takeastepback.Thinkaboutwhatexcitesyouandfindyourpassions.2Nowthatyouhaveabetterideaofwhatyouliketodoingeneral,decideonthosethatyouaregoodat.Askyourselfwhatskillstheyshow.Thenfindactivitiesthatrequirethesameones.Makesurethatyouwillenjoyyourselfbychoosinganactivitythatletsyoushine.3Inadditiontoyourinterestsandadvantages,knowwhatyouwouldliketoimproveaboutyourself.Useactivitiesasawaytomakeyourselfbetter.Findoutnewchallenges,withouttheaddedstressofhavingtoearngoodgradesatthem.Youcanuseactivitiestodevelopgeneralskillsthatyoumaynothave.Findoutwhatactivitiesareavailable（可用的）andlookintoeachone.4Ifthewebsiteseemsincomplete,talkwithyourteacherorparents.Alsolookforcalendardetails,suchasstart-and-enddates,pluseventschedules,tomakesureitwon'tgetinthewayofanythingelsegoingoninyourlife.Onceyouhavealistofactivitiesthatmatchyourinterests,doalittleresearch.5A.Thinkaboutskillsyouwanttodevelop.B.Thiscanmakechoosingonealittledifficult.C.Useyourfreshmanyeartoexploreyourchoices.D.Inthisway,youwillhaveabetterideaofwhattoexpect.E.Alsomakesurethattheircultureisagoodmatchforyourownpersonality.F.Usethosetodecideonactivitiesthatwillkeepyouinterestedforalongtime.G.Searchyourschool'swebsiteforacompletelistofalltheactivitiesitprovides.Ⅲ.完形填空[2023·湖南常德高一期中]WhenIwasayoungfather,autumnwouldspreadhercolorfulcarpetacrossthehillsandmountainsofmyhome.Iwouldoftenloadmykidsintothecarandgoonatour,admiringthe1ofthisworld.IrememberIoncedrovealongwaydownabackroadIwas2with.AtonepointIcametoacrossroads.Oneroadwaspavedandlookedingood3.Theotherroaddidn'tlookquitesogood.4mybetterinstincts（直觉）,Idecidedtotakeachanceanddidn'tgodownthegoodone.Itdidn'ttakelongbeforeIcametothe5thatIhadmadeabigmistake.Theroadwasfullofpotholes（坑洼）androcksthatdragged6mycar.Ialmostgot7inthemudonceandtheroadseemedto8asIwentalong.Finally,Istoppedthecarandlookedaround,andIdecidedtodriveamileandahalfbackwarduntilI9thecrossroadsagain.10,thatwasn'ttheonlytimeinmylifewhenItookthewrongwayatthecrossroads.IhavedonesomoretimesthanIcan11.Thankfully,eachtimeIrealizedmymistake,Iwould12tobeontherightroadagain.Crossroadscallforchoice,andthereisno13inchangingyourchoiceifyouseeyouareonthewrongroad.Choosewiselyandcorrectyourmistakeswhen14.Thenallofyour15willleadyoutojoyandpatternofyourlifewillbecomeasbeautifulasaforestinthefall.1.A.origin B.kindness C.wisdom D.beauty2.A.uncomfortable B.unpleasant C.unfamiliar D.unhappy3.A.condition B.sense C.season D.taste4.A.Remembering B.Ignoring C.Pressing D.Addressing5.A.development B.appointment C.introduction D.realization6.A.in B.under C.infrontof D.from7.A.hit B.ruined C.stuck D.protected8.A.shorten B.widen C.strengthen D.worsen9.A.missed B.felt C.reached D.left10.A.Fortunately B.Doubtfully C.Roughly D.Sadly11.A.offer B.impress C.help D.count12.A.manage B.plan C.want D.expect13.A.point B.shame C.contentment D.relaxation14.A.necessary B.practical C.imaginable D.anxious15.A.difficulties B.changes C.rewards D.facts素养培优练（一）Ⅰ.阅读理解1.D[解析]推理判断题。根据第五段可知，皮普对他没有任何感觉，并说没必要来感谢自己。据此可知，第五段暗示了皮普实际上宣布客人不受欢迎。2.A[解析]推理判断题。根据倒数第六段的“ThemantookPip'shandsandkissedthem.”可推知，那个男人是充满深情的。3.C[解析]细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，一两个小时后，皮普开始明白了一些事情。郝薇香对他的未来、计划都不感兴趣，她在利用他！根据倒数第五段可知，皮普最后发现的真相是他的恩人不是郝薇香，而是那个男人。4.B[解析]推理判断题。根据倒数第五段“IwasworkingforyouinAustralia”可知，皮普知道那个人是从哪里来的；根据倒数第五段“I'mhappyyouarespendingmymoney”可知，皮普知道谁是他的恩人；根据倒数第三段“IftheyfindmebackinLondon,they'llhangme”可知，皮普知道那人为了见他冒了多大的风险，因此文章里没有提到的是这个人是如何成为罪犯的，也正是皮普为之困惑的。【语篇导读】本文是《远大前程》的节选，主要叙述的是皮普和囚犯的对话。5.A[解析]细节理解题。根据第三段可知，“braintrust”指提出意见的专家，即智囊团。罗斯福之所以能在总统大选中胜出，是因为他拥有自己的智囊团。6.C[解析]推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句可知，如果一个人是一个组织中的brain，那么他就是这个组织的负责人。由此可推知，百度的CEO，即百度的负责人，可以被称为thebrainofBaidu。7.C[解析]细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，brainwash指通过对别人持续施加压力来让他接受某种观点，brainwash一词是贬义词，用这个词是不礼貌的。8.B[解析]主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了brain一词在不同语境中的不同用法，故B项能概括本文主旨。【语篇导读】brain一词不仅指人体的器官——大脑，用在其他语境中，它还有很多其他意义。Ⅱ.七选五1.B[解析]上文提到课外活动有很多，那么问题就来了，决定参加哪一项（课外活动