考研英语写作整合

大作文一、图画描述段单图题终极对策（三句）a、挖掘出2-3个可写点b、用句式将可写点串联成话c、润色成段（中文字幕，稍加总结）双图题两图两字幕冲顶5句，一般3-5句。Onthecontrary/Conversely主要原则：简单化原则零错误原则纯原则（只描写图画上的可写点，尤其第一句话）语法结构：定语从句+插入语（第一段实在要增加难点，可受用插入语、定语从句）第一句话：如图所示Thesatirical（只能用于坏事总写句）sketchgraphicallyportaysasceneinwhich句子（一般用于总写/可写点1）Itisgraphically/symbolically/explicitly/vividly/demonstratedinthe图that可写点一Depitedinthethought-provokingsketchis/are看主语单复数决定第二句话：如图所示二Whatmakesthedrawingstriking/intriguing（让人很感兴趣的）isthefactthat具体细节/可写点2Themoststriking（引人注目的）featureofthedrawingisthat可写点二Asissymbolicallydepictedinthe(first/left-hand)图可写点二（如两图对比则前加Onthecontrary/Conversely）第三句话：字幕描写（如果有两处字幕，就可以将两句都用上，即一主动，一被动）Weareinformedbythecaptionthat“”Thecaptionreads/indicatesthat“”如果图画里面有字：Sthismarkdeasbeentitledas第四句话：总结（不要太难的话，把图总结即可，而且还不一定需要，视情况而定：看字数是否够）Undoubtedly/Unquestionably/Incontrovertibly/Indispensably允许在此出现部分深层含义Eg:1、Depitedinthethought-provokingsketchisabird，2、在此场景中小鸟站在斧头上哭，3、然而更让我震惊的是树都被砍光了。------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------描述图画的形容词：thought-provoking/compelling/profund/instructive/enlightening/inprassiveandexaggrative表示图的词：portrayal、sketch、photo、drawing、cartoon修饰“示”的词：graphically/vividly/explicitly/symbolically表示“示”的词：dipict=protray(描述浅)reflect/convey/illustrate/demonstrate(深)suggest(小词大用)indicate/imply表示“象征”的词：benaturallyassociatedwith/symbolizeThedelicateflowerisnaturallyassociatedwithyoungpeople.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------另补充一：处理两大动词连用首先，找出所有动作，并区分出V主和V次然后，保留V主将V次加-ing最后，变成“N，V次-ing，V主”的结构，其中，V次-ing做插入语，作为第一段的亮点。Eg:TheMaster,standingbythereverside,sighed,“Maytimepassonandonlikethis,neverceasingdayandnight.”Thesad(pathetic)andhomelessbird,standingonacuttingtool(whichisnaturallyassociatedwithourruthlessandrelentlessdestruction),iscryingwithsorrowandgrief.补充二：三大把段一写长写难的方法1、Ving当插入语2、主语前用1-2个形容词修饰3、有副词用with+n的形式With+confidence/optimism/joy/seriousness/passion/difficulty/enthusiasm二、意义阐述段（5-6）1、由浅入深（可以放在D1末或D2首）Simple(andfuny)asthe图is/are,theconnotationsbtlyconveyedshouldbetakenintoconsiderationwithmoreinsight(andpenetration)/……shouldinvolvemoreinsightfulanalysis.Theconnotationbehindthe图,whichgoesfarbeyond浅层含义,shouldbeanalyedmoreinsightfully.Whatthethought-provokingpictureconveysgoesfarbeyond.Instead,itreflectaswell.如D2有很多话写，这句可不写。D1没话写，可将这句放在D1尾。2、深层含义（全段核心全文关键）可用非常6+1①Inferredinthispictureisvirtuallya(PandP)socialissue:________________________②Theperposeofthispictureistoshow/inform/convinceusthatdueattentionhustobepaidtothe形容词issueof（接名词结构）/theissuethat(接句子)③Thepicturearousesdeepconcernovertheissueof/that_____,whichisprevalantincontemporarysociety.④Thissketchdoesreflectathougth-provokingsocialphenomenonwhichisnotuncommon（“流行”但该词组只能用于定语从句中）inchinanow.⑤Thispictureisthought-provokinginthatitendeavorstoconvinceusthat接句子，用一句话概括文章深层含义.⑥Theuniquemetaphorinthisenlighteningdrawingendowsuswiththeconception/notionthat(绝世高手装B最佳句式+1:Undoubtedly,thephotoshavesubtlyreflectedthesocialphenomenonthat.补：好：far-reaching/beneficial/positive/favorable坏：nagtive/adverse好坏皆可：prevalentandpervasive3、象征点（这一点已经过时了，只有抽象图才有得写，复习2003年题温室花朵即可）只需注意象征的几个讲法。4、原因/背景+现状描述（原因现状谁前都可以，现状不可少）①万能理由：Onaccountof/owingto/becauseof/withthequickeningpaceoflife,（生活节奏加快）competitiongoesincreasinglyfierceinallwalksoflife（各行各业），imposingtremendouspressureonallindividuals.（原因/背景）②Thepastseveralyearshavewitnesseddramaticincreaseinthedifficultyofexaminationsandemployment.（拟人句现状描述）(2007)③Withthespeedysocialandeconomicdevelopment（原因/背景），youngerstersinmounting/growing/increasingnumbers（越来越的adj形式）admirethecelebritiesandsuperstars.（现状描述）④Thepastseveralyearshavewitnessedthephenomenonthatitisincreasinglydifficultforcollegegraduatestofindasuitablejob,andtwo/several/various/amultitudeoffactorscouldaccountfortheissue.Ontheonehand,_______.Ontheotherhand________.（多重原因：层次感和高手感的有效途径）说明：原因可分为零原因、一原因、二原因，各自有对策。零原因：直接写现状描写那一句话就可以了。一原因：现状描写（拟人句），forthereasonthatEg:Thepastseveralyearswitnessedthephenomenonthatthenumberoffishdeclineddramatically,forthereasonthatwehumansareonlyinpursuitofeconomicprofits,butturnablindeyestoenvironmentalprotection.二原因：现状描写+过渡句+二原因过渡句：1、Severalfactors,bothindividualandsocial,couldaccountforthenegativephenomenon.2、Thereasonforthephenomenonmaybecomplicated,butwecan,toalargeextent,ascribeittothefollowinginterrelatedfactors.Ontheonehand,.Ontheotherhand,Eg:Onetheonehand,agreatnumberofpeopleareonlyinpursuitofthemaximumprofit,totallyturningablindeyeto/totallyignoringbasicmoralityofthewholebusiness.Ontheotherhand,ourlegalsystemisfarfromperfect,whichdirectlyorindirectlyprovidestheimmoralbusinessmenwiththechanceofcheating.agreatdealof+不可数Nagreatnumberof+可数Nagreatmany+可数复数N5、后果/影响Inotherwords,notonly···butalso（最好自己创作1—2句话）Eg:Inotherwords,thesandstormnotonlybringsaboutanadverseconsequenceonourecosystem,butalsoputsanenormousuponthesustainabledevelopment补：表示好、坏影响坏：bringsaboutanadverseconsequenceputsanenormousuponposeapotentialanprobablethreaton/tosoundanalarmto好：bringabouta(n)far-reachinginfluence/impactonlayasolidfoudationforplayafar-reaching/fundamentalrolein主servesasacatalystfor宾（作为催化剂）6、强行举例(2006王江涛)Itcanbebest/aptlyexemplifiedbythecaseof/bythefollowingcases7、层进Itisundeniablethatwemustbehonest,whichshouldbeacceptedappreciatedandadvocatedbyallthebusinessman.Regrettably/However,itisruthlessandrelentlessignoredincontemporarysociety.8、总结Generallyspeaking坏：威胁性总结Ifweletthesituationgoasitis,thewholemarketeventheentiresocietywoulddeteriorate./wouldbecomeunimaginableanduncontrollable.好：反面总结Supposeourgovernmentdoesnotpayenoughattentiontothewest,ourwholecountrywouldbecomeunbalancedandunabletosurviveandthrive.(intheruthlessandrelentlesscompetition.)------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------补：举例说明段一般举两个例子，采用总分总的结构。总：Itcanbebest/aptlyexemplifiedbythefollowingtwocases.=Forexample分：例子一Anotherfittingexampleis总：Onthewhole,theseexampleseffectivelyclarifythesayingthat“”--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------天龙八部大纲1、浅义（由浅入深）（simpleas/instead）5、影响：好4；坏4Inotherwords2、深意（全段核心）（非常6+1任挑一句）【论点】6、强行举例（2006）3、象征点（适合于抽象：2003）7、层进：好；坏（选说反面，regrettably）4、现状+原因（拟人句引入，超长句的来源）零一二原因8、总结：（generallyspeaking:好；坏）【总结论点】三分天下法（天龙八部迷你版）深义（6+1任选）过渡句“分如下三层”（起提醒考官的作用）：This图isthought-provokinginthatitconveysthefollowingthreeprofoundlayersofconnotation(s)/implications.Initially,（写现状）Additionally，（写原因）Finally，（写影响）总结--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------三、建议措施段（最多四句1+2+1，即总→分→总的结构）1、主题句：1)Accordingly/Asaconsequence,onnoaccountcanwe(决不能)failtoattachgreatimportancetothephenomenonreflectedinthepicture.2)Accordingly,itisimperative(势在必行的)forustoderivepositiveimplications（得出积极的涵义）fromthesethought-provokingdrawing./totaketheeffectiveandefficientmeasure.2、具体措施：提供了一些思考方向（作参考）建议一句自己发挥一句模板A.authorities;（8）B.education;（8）C.publicvoice;（6）D.mediaE.self-effort;（3）F、自由发挥（6）Eg:Asaconsequence,…….Tobeginwith,relevantlawsandregulationsshouldbemadetoseverelypunishthosewhoplagiarizeothers’works.(国家立法)Inaddition,weshouldcultivatetheawarenessoftheyoungthatacademichonestyisextremelyritaltous.(人民教育)Inshort,itishightimewetookeffectivemeasurestoreversethedisturbingtrendillustrated(“扭转这种令人担忧的局面”即=解决问题改写法用在坏事的文章中十分有用)inthecartoon.(P33)Asaconsequence,itisimperativeforustotakedrasticactions.Ontheonehand…….Ontheotherhand,thereshouldbeanincreasinglyloudvoicefromthepublicforfirmmeasuresagainst……(P31)该句角度新鲜，且好坏都能用（……for+好事/……firmmeasuresagainst+坏事）3、总结Andonlyinthiswaycanwecrackthehardnutandmakeoursocietydevelopinadynamicandvibrant/harmoniousandprosperousway/direction.Allinall,Iamconvincedthatonlyinthiswaycanwesurviveandthriveinthisruthlessandrelentlesssociety.补：总结句式OnlyinthiswaycansbItisinthiswaythatsbcanOnlybydoingsthcansbtodosthAslongas条件,wecan解决Eg:Onlybyundergoingmorechallengesandtoilsinadversitycanyoungpeoplecultivatestrongpersonalityandability,andonlyinthiswaycantheybecomewinnersinthiscompetitiveworld.[三天20大必背范文猛研究第三段找出自己喜欢的表达方式构成自己独特的表达]--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------押韵总结：PPPT:Poseapotentialandprobablethreaton/toARAA:canbeaccepted,respected,appreciated,andadvocatedEE:effectivelyandefficientlySSS:harmonious,prosperous，vigorous.RR:ruthless,relentlessEE:educate,enlightenPP:prevalentandPervasiveVV1:surviveandthrive.VV2:impressiveandexaggerative尾韵:inspiration,aspirationandperspiration单词短语总结：sensible明智的subtly微妙地satirical讽刺性的unparalleled无与伦比的striking引人注目的relevant相关的irreplaceable不可取代的overwhelming压倒一切的promotetheawarenessofshelter/shield=protectdealwith=disposeofinadverse在逆境中prosperityandpoverty富裕和贫穷peopleineverexpanding/mountingnumbers越来越多的人increasinglyfar-reaching越来越深远absorbthepositiveaspectandresistthenegtivefactors取其精华，去其糟粕小作文基本框架：开门见山说意图：（what）我要干什么，有套句出现。咨询建议一二三：必须写分点。不同内容可分段：特殊情况，不是每篇都有感谢可气不可少；期待回信成惯例：公开信辞职信不用回（atyourearliestconvenience请您速回信）1、称呼：私人：Dearsb,公文：DearSirorMadam/职位（President、Editor、Mr姓）/Towhomitmayconcern,2、首段：1—2句（背景+我是谁）+我要干什么Iamwritingthisletterforthepurposeofdoing……/because……/toinformyouthat……AndIwouldbegratefulifyouwouldtakethefollowingcontent/sthintoconsideration/account.3、中间段：4—5句(改写提纲)8字箴言：前因后果，虚拟自身。最好分为两到三点写。4、末端：2—3句（酌情使用以下经典套话，切忌无视提纲！）（根据需要选2—3句即可，无需太多）①Iwouldliketoexpressmysinceregratitudeforyourattentiontomyletter.(感谢看信)②Inaddition,letmeapologizeforanyinconveniencesImayhavecaused.(诸多不便打扰了)③Ishallfeelobligedbyareplyatyourearliestconvenience.(请速回信)④Yourpromptandfavorablereplywouldbehighlyappreciated.(请速回信)⑤Ifyouhaveanyquestions,pleasefeelfree/donothesitatetocontactmeformoreinformation.(at123456)(有疑问请联系我)（专门用于介绍信中）另：介绍信的写法P1：①与推荐人的关系；②写信的目的recommendP2：TS（主题句）+①学业、工作（diligent、inclustrial）②课外活动：（Students’Union）③性格优点：cooperativeinnovative(创新)/amiable(性格好的)/diligent(勤奋的)/optimisticP3：①再次强调推荐；②联系方式（必须要/最好的）；③期待回信……评分标准：1、要点提纲5’2、字数6’3、无大错7’4、像一封信8三分天下法其实就是在文章第二段用清晰的关联词1，2，3分隔开，让阅卷人对自己的文章脉络把握清楚的一种简单处理方式，在某种程度上和六级写作如出一辙。总共6句话第一句仍然直接说出深层含义（由浅入深的写法确实是比较弱智）第二句是关键：这是一句过渡句，提示阅卷人，我接下来要分三点来分析这个问题，自己制造这句话，可以避免模板同时还可以提示脉络同时还可以顺便凑个字数例句如下：Thispictureisthought-provokinginthatitconveysthefollowingthreelayersofsubtleconnotations.Thesubtleimplicationcanbeanalyzedinthefollowingthreeinterrelatedaspects.Inordertoderiveprofoundimplicationfromit,wecandissectthisenlighteningpictureinthefollowingthreeaspects.以上三句话的意思无非就是：考官注意啊，我要写三点了！然后开始写自己的1，2，3每点一句话（当然如果你可以多写几句也不是问题，控制时间就OK）第三句是第一点，initially/tobeginwith/firstandforemost第四句是第二点，additionally/what’smore/moreover/furthermore第五句是第三点，finally/lastbutnotleast以上三点请根据自己对图画的分析理解写出三层含义。临场发挥的时候到了，楼主们。高手一定不要放弃自己发挥的时候如果不知道发挥什么怎么办？此时请不要忘了天龙八部。除了浅，深和总结三步，我们还有5部。回忆一下哪五步？1.象征点；2.现状+原因（老实说，这难道只是一点吗？牛逼的人可以写N句）3.结果和影响4强行举例（记得2006年的小贝头和春哥的关系吧）5.层进的修辞手法（accepted…）其中人类黄金三步思维是：现状是什么。原因是什么。结果是什么。实在不知道的人，三点各来一句但是请注意细节：我们在课堂里讲的是现状+原因。也就是说，原因那点只是个从句如：Thepastseveralyearshavewitnessedthephenomenonthatourlivingspaceisoccupiedbysandstormatanunprecedentedspeed,forthereasonthatwehumansareonlyinpursuitofthemaximumprofitandeconomicprosperity,totallyturningablindeyetothesustainabledevelopment.楼主们，这只是一句话，前半截由经典拟人句引导出现状，后半截用forthereasonthat(==because)引导出原因。如果要放在三分天下里成为第一和第二点的话，要这么写Initially,thepastseveralyearshavewitnessedthephenomenonthatourlivingspaceisoccupiedbysandstormatanunprecedentedspeed.Additionally,thereasonisthatwehumansareonlyinpursuitofthemaximumprofitandeconomicprosperity,totallyturningablindeyetothesustainabledevelopment.注意红字部分提示原因解释。绝对不可以写thereasonisbecause..当然如果有很多话写，也可以直接Initially,然后把现状+原因都写上去成为一句话。然后二三两点写别的至于最后一句第六句，以前怎么总结，现在还怎么总结。注意关联词Generallyspeaking请看实战案例：2009年考研真题解析P3和举例段TS补充：Iassumethatthishardnutcanbecrackedifbothindividualsandsocietytakeconcertedandsustainedefforts.(坏)Asaconsequence,thehighestpriorityshouldbegiventothisissue/hardnut.（好/坏）Frommyperspective,thingsmustbedonebeforethingsgetworse.（坏）Noeasyremedycanbeexertedinaddressingthisalarmingissue/crackingthehardnut,butthefollowingactionsmightbemeaningful.(坏)Theproblem/phenomenonreflectedinthepicturedeservesourattention,onbothindividualandsocialscale.(好/坏)具体措施法律Lawsandregulationsshouldbemadetoseverelypunishthosewho________________呼吁Weshouldappealtothepublic/thesociety/theauthorities/ourgovernmentto______终结wemusttakepositivestepstoputanendtothisalarmingphenomenon.画家Itisself-evidentthatth