考研《英语一》盘山县2023年高分冲刺试卷含解析_第1页
考研《英语一》盘山县2023年高分冲刺试卷含解析_第2页
考研《英语一》盘山县2023年高分冲刺试卷含解析_第3页
考研《英语一》盘山县2023年高分冲刺试卷含解析_第4页
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考研《英语一》盘山县2023年高分冲刺试卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Atnine,Iwantedverymuchtoownapogostick(弹簧高跷).I’dlearnedto1onapairofstilts(高跷)mydadhad2forme,andifIalsowalkedonthepogostick,thecircuswould3me.WhenChristmasdrewnear,Itold4theonlythingIwantedwasapogostick.Shesaidtheywere5expensiveandthatwecouldn’t6one.OnanafternoonbeforeChristmas,MomandDadtoldmeweneededtogotopayour7.Whilewewerepayingthebill,Dadsaid,“I’llbeback.Ineedtosee8inthedepartment.”Afterthebillwaspaid,Dadcamebackwithalong9box.Irememberwonderingifitwasa10.Arrivinghome,Dadputtheboxinthe11.Whilemyparentswerebusy,I12outtothebarnandfoundit.Iwasso13andIthought,onopeningthemagicalboxmybright,14pogostickwouldappear.Nosuch15!Insidetheboxwasasilly16broom.SoChristmasmorningwasgreatbut17.Igotsomenicegiftsinsteadofthepogostick.Afterallwasready,Dadsaidheneededtodosomethinginthebarn.Soonhecameback,carryingmybeautifulpogostick.Icouldn’t18it,howthey19mewiththebroom.MyparentsprobablygotquiteapleasurefromthetrickandIwonderiftheywere20watchingmeasIstoleouttothebarn.1、A.runB.sitC.walkD.stand2、A.boughtB.madeC.rentedD.lent3、A.hireB.trainC.likeD.praise4、A.fatherB.parentsC.auntD.mother5、A.veryB.fairlyC.tooD.rather6、A.affordB.haveC.gainD.accept7、A.tripB.mealC.debtD.bill8、A.anythingB.somethingC.everythingD.somebody9、A.narrowB.bigC.tallD.short10、A.giftB.toyC.broomD.pogostick11、A.kitchenB.barnC.carD.bedroom12、A.wentB.rushedC.stoleD.stepped13、A.stressedB.worriedC.excitedD.shocked14、A.worthlessB.shinyC.uselessD.dear15、A.luckB.possibilityC.timeD.thing16、A.poorB.littleC.smallD.old17、A.discouragingB.terrifyingC.disappointingD.embarrassing18、A.believeB.seeC.rememberD.realize19、A.suppliedB.trickedC.cheatedD.comforted20、A.alreadyB.frequentlyC.proudlyD.secretlySectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Electriccarsaredirty.Infact,notonlyaretheydirty,theymightevenbemoredirtythantheirgasoline-poweredcousins.PeopleinCalifornialovetotalkabout“zero-emissions(排放)vehicles”,butpeopleinCaliforniaseemtobecluelessaboutwhereelectricitycomesfrom.Powerplantsmostlyusefiretomakeit.Asidefromthenewfolkswhohavetheirroofscoveredwithsolarcells,wegetourelectricityfromgenerators(发电机).Generatorsarefueledbysomething--usuallycoal,oil,butalsobyheatgeneratedinnuclearpowerplants.Thereareafewwindfarmsandgeothermalplantsaswell,butbyfarwegetelectricitymainlybyburningsomething.Inotherwords,those"zero-emissions"carsarelikelycoal-burningcars.It’sjustbecausethecoalisburnedsomewhereelse,itlooksclean.Itisnot.It'sasiftheCaliforniaGreensarecoveringtheireyes—“IfIcan'tseeit,it'snothappening.”Gasolineisanincrediblyefficientwaytopoweravehicle;agallonofgashasalotofenergyinit.Butwhenyoutakethatgas(oranotherfuel)andfirstuseittomakeelectricity,youwasteanicepartofthatenergy,mostlyintheformofwastedheat—atthegenerator,throughthetransmissionlines,etc.Agallonofgasmaypropelyourcar25miles.Buttheelectricityyougetfromthatgallonofgaswon'tgetyounearlyasfar—soelectriccarsburnmorefuelthangasoline-poweredones.Ifourelectricitycamemostlyfromnukesorgeothermal,orhydroorwindorsolar,thenanelectriccartrulywouldbeclean.Butforpolitical,technical,andeconomicreasons,wedon'tusemuchofthoseenergysources.Inaddition,electriccars'batterieswhicharepoisonousforalongtimewilleventuallyendupinalandfill.Andfinally,whencarsarethepolluters,thepollutionisspreadacrossalltheroads.Whenit'sapowerplant,though,allthejunkisinoneplace.Natureisverygoodatcleaningupwhenthingsaretooconcentrated,butittakesalotlongerwhenallthegarbageisinonespot.1、Whatdoes“clueless”meaninparagraph2?A.PeopleseetheCaliforniaGreenseverywhere.B.Peopletherehavenoideathatsofarelectricitymainlycomesfromburningcoal,oil,etc.C.PeopleinCalifornialovetohavetheirroofscoveredwithsolarcells.D.PeopleinCalifornialovetotalkaboutzero-emissionsvehicles.2、Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Electriccarsarenotcleanatall.B.Electriccarsarebetterthangasoline-poweredones.C.Peoplecastdoubtsonelectriccars’batteries.D.Gasolineisanefficientwaytopoweravehicle.3、Theelectricitywegetfromagallonofgasmaymakeourcarrun________.A.notlessthan25milesB.asfaras50milesC.asfaras25milesD.notmorethan25miles4、Accordingtothetext,electriccars________.A.aremoreenvironmentallyfriendlyB.burnmorefuelthangas-poweredonesC.areverygoodatcleaningupwhenthingsarenottooconcentratedD.arepoisonousforalongtimeandwilleventuallyendupinalandfill5、Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat________.A.beinggreenisgoodandshouldbeencouragedincommunicationB.electriccarsarenowthedominantvehiclecomparedwithgasoline-poweredcousinsC.zero-emissionsvehiclesshouldbechosentoprotectourenvironmentD.electriccarsarenotcleanbecausewegetelectricitymainlybyburningsomethingText2InthisPennsylvaniacity,Pittsburghisshrinkingbutgettingwealthier.Since2000,itspopulationhasdeclinedby95,000whileitsincomepercapita(人均)hasshotup24percent.Thetrendistakingholdinmanyothercities,likeBuffaloinNewYork,ProvidenceinRhodeIslandandNewOrleans.Someoftheseareashavecreatedmorehigh-payingjobsinenergy,healthcareoreducation.Othershavemanagedtoreshapetheirmanufacturing(制造业)foraneweconomy.Higher-payingjobshaveagreatereffectbecausetheycreatedemandforadditionalservices.“ThestoryinPittsburghisverypositive,andotherareasarelookingatitasanexampleofthetransformationthatmightbepossible,”saidGuhanVenkatu,whowroteaneconomichistoryoftheareacalled“RustandRenewal”fortheFederalReserveBankofCleveland.CarnegieMellonUniversityandtheUniversityofPittsburghhavehelpedbringtechjobsandinnovation(革新)totheareabysponsoringtechcentersthathelpgraduatesstartcompanieswithoutmovingtoSiliconValleyorSanFrancisco.ThishashelpedkeepPittsburgh’seducatedyoungpopulationgrowingevenastheentirepopulationinthecityhasdropped.PittsburghhasmoreSTEM(science,technology,engineeringandmath)jobsthanothershrinkingcities,about80,000or7%ofalljobs.STEMjobsaddproductivityandincomegrowthtothearea.Manufacturersofhigh-techmedicalequipmentinthePittsburghareaalsohavedoubledemploymentinthelast10years.However,someexpertsquestionwhethergrowingincomepercapitacanreallymakeupforadecliningpopulation.AccordingtoPatrickAdler,aresearcherattheUniversityofToronto,populationlossdoesmatterifitmeanslower-skilledworkershavefledbecauseofalackofopportunity.What’smore,high-payingjobsineducationandhealthcarecandisappearifthepopulationdeclinestoogreatly.Soit’dbewisetofindwaystoincreasethepopulation.1、InwhataspectdoesPittsburghsetagoodexample?A.Transformingnewenergy. B.Creatingmorewell-paidjobs.C.Prohibitingthemanufacturing. D.Sponsoringhighereducation.2、Howdosomeacademicinstitutionshelpwiththelocaleconomy?A.Byhelpingtoattractmoretalentsfromotherareas.B.Byprovidingmuchtechnicalsupporttolocalcompanies.C.Bysuccessfullykeepingeducatedyouthsworkinglocally.D.Byassistinginemployingalargenumberofeducatedyouths.3、WhyisPatrickAdlermentionedinthelastparagraph?A.Toshowthedisadvantageofadecliningpopulation.B.Togiveasuggestionaboutincreasingpopulation.C.Toraisedoubtsaboutgrowingincomepercapita.D.Totellareasonwhylower-skilledworkersflee.4、Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.HowFastJobGrowthIsRelatedtoPopulationGrowthB.HowLess-crowdedCitiesPlanTheirHigh-techEconomyC.WhySomeCitiesareLosingPeoplebutGettingWealthierD.WhySomeCitiesareSufferingFromaShrinkingPopulationText3OnFebruary6,SpaceX,aprivateUSaerospacecompanyownedbyElonMusk,hassuccessfullylauncheditsnewFalconHeavyspacecraft,makingittheworld’smostpowerfulrocket.FalconHeavyisthelargestrocketsincetheretirementofNASA’sSaturnV,whichwasusedfortheMoonmissionsinthe1970s.“FalconHeavycanlaunchabout64tonnesintolowEarthorbit-that’salmostthreetimesmorethanthecurrentrunningbiggestlaunchvehicle,DeltaIVHeavy,”ImperialCollegeastrophysicistDavidClementstoldAIJazeera.AccordingtoSpaceX,FalconHeavycanliftintoorbitamassgreaterthana737jetloadedwithpassengers,crew,luggageandfuel.TherocketwasdesignedwiththeideaofearninghumansintospaceandopeningthepossibilityofflyingmissionswithpeopletotheMoonandevenMars.Foritsfirstvoyage,itcarriedMusk’s$100,000cherry-redTeslasportscarandafakespace-suitedhumanmodelfixedinthedriver’sseat.Muskjokedthat“itmaybediscoveredbysomefuturealienrace”.FalconHeavywentintospaceonitslastflightonFebruary6.ThelaunchtookplaceatNASA’sCapeCanaveralAirForceStationandKennedySpaceCenterintheUSstateofFlorida,thespotalsousedfortheApollo11Moonmissionandseveralspaceshuttlelaunches.Itwasdelayedbyseveralhoursbecauseofhighwindsintheupperatmosphere.Minutesaftertake-off,thetwoouterboosters(助推器)landedatthenearbyCapeCanaveralAirForceStation.SpaceXannouncedplanstoeventuallyuseFalconHeavytolaunchtwopayingspacetouristsonatriparoundtheMoon.However,Musksaidhewillprobablyreservethatmissionforanotherlaunchsystem,theBFR.Recently,SpaceXscheduledtolaunchaFalcon9rocketforNASA’sTESSmissiononMarch20,2018.ItisreportedthatSpaceXisscheduledtocomplete30independentlaunchmissionsin2018,atleasthalfofwhichwilluseFalcon9.1、Whichofthefollowingcanfunctionasarocket?A.A737jet.B.Tesla.C.SaturnV.D.SpaceX.2、WhatdoweknowaboutFalconHeavyfromthetext?A.Itwasthelatestrocketintheworld.B.Itisofthesameloadasa737jet.C.Itistobefoundbythecreaturesintheouterspace.D.ItwaslaunchedatthesameplacefortheApollo11mission.3、WhatdelayedthelaunchofFalconHeavy?A.Weathercondition.B.Programerror.C.Equipmentfailure.D.Deliberatedamage.4、Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.TheBFRwillbecompletedin2018.B.Thevehicletolaunchspacetouristsisunknown.C.TouristswillbesentintospacebyFalcon9.D.Falcon9willtake15launchmissions.Text4EducatorsacrosstheUSarecallingformajorchangestotheadmissionsprocessinhighereducation.TheHarvardschoolofGreduateEducation,alongwith80otherschoolsandorganizations,releasedareportcalled"TurningtheTideMakingCaringCommon”inJanuary,2016.Thereportarguesthattheprocessschoolsusetochoosestudentscausesmajorproblems.DavidHawkinsistheExecutiveDirectorforEducationalContentandPolicyattheNationalAssociationforCollegeAdmissionsCounseling.HawkinstoldVoiceofAmericathatmostcollegesanduniversitiesrequiremanythingsfromstudentswhentheyapply.Schoolsusuallyaskforanessaydescribingastudent'sinterestsorwhytheywanttostudyatthatschool.Theschoolsalsoaskforlettersfromteachersorotherresponsibleadultsdescribingwhyastudentisagoodcandidate.But,Hawkinssays,theareathatschoolsaremostconcernedaboutisastudent'shighschoolgradesandstandardizedtestresults.Thereportsuggeststhatpayingattentiontoacademicsuccessoverotherqualitiesworkswellforsomestudentsbuthurtsothers.Inaddition,academicsuccessisnotthemostimportantqualityastudentshouldhave.Moreattentionshouldbepaidtoshowingwhetherornotastudentwantstodowellintheworld,accordingtothereport.Thereportgoesontostatethatthebestwaytochangetheadmissionsprocessisbychangingcollegeapplications.Itsuggeststhatschoolsshouldaskforevidencethatstudentscareaboutotherpeople.Butthereportdoeshaveitscritics.BobSchaeffer,PublicEducationDirectorfortheNationalCenterforFairandOpenTesting,saidthateveryfewyears,someonemakesthesameargumentforchanges,butnorealchangehashappedyet.Evenmanyoftheschoolsthatagreewiththereportstillmakenochanges.LloydThacker,ExecutiveDirectoroftheEducationConservancy,saidthatuntilamajorityofschoolsagreetomakethechanges,therewillstillbeproblems.However,hesaid,theadmissionsprocesswasbetterinthepast.Ifbadchangescanaffecttheprocess,socangoodones.1、Whatistheproblemsoftheadmissionsprocessaccordingtothereport?A.Theschoolsasktoomanythingsfromtheapplyingstudents.B.Theschoolsattachtoomuchimportancetostudents’academicrecordsC.ThenumberofstudentsgettingadmittedistoosmallD.Admissionsofficersconsidertoomanyunimportantfactors2、Whatisusuallymissinginanessay?A.ThereasonstoattendtheschoolB.AdescriptionofinterestsC.RecommendationlettersfromadultsD.Evidencethatstudentscareaboutothers3、BobSchaefferarguesthat_________.A.notallchangesaregoodB.thelargestschoolsareexpectedtomakechangesfirstC.noschoolscurrentlyagreewiththereportD.someschoolsdon’tmakechangeseveniftheyagree4、What’sLloydThacker’sattitudetowardthepossiblechangeintheadmissionsprocess?A.ConfidentB.NegativeC.DoubtfulD.UnclearPartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)AsandstormoftentakesplaceinthenorthernChina,1.isakindofnaturaldisastersChinausuallyexperiencesthiskindofweatherbetweenFebruaryandMay,whileMarchandAprilseethemostfrequentandthe2.(strong)sandstormsItbecomesaveryimportantenvironmentalproblemItdoeslotsofharm3.thesocietyaswellastheenvironmentFirstly,thestrongwinddestroyssoilandplantcoverby4.(bury)fieldswithsandanddustSecondly,byleavingtoomuchdustintheairitwill5.(serious)pollutetheairThirdly,asandstormwillhave6.badeffectontransportationThedustintheairmakestrafficandaircraftmovementsmoredifficultAndwhenthesandburiestheroads,thetrafficwill7.(block)Whenplantsinthefarmlandareburied,foodsupplywillloseSandstormsareanother8.(punish)naturegivestomankindWeshouldnotonlytakeeffectivemeasures9.(stop)them,butalsodrawsome10.(lesson)fromthemWeshouldnotdeveloptheeconomy(经济)atthecostofthenaturalenvironment在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。JohannStrausswas1.Austriancomposeroflightmusic,particularlydancemusicandoperettas(轻歌剧)HewasborninViennain2.Althoughhisfatherdidn'twanthim3.(become)amusician,Straussstudiedtheviolin4.(secret)whenhewasachildWhenhisfatherdiscoveredhissonwaspracticingonaviolinoneday,hegavehimabeating,5.(say)thathewasgoingtobeatthemusicoutoftheboyButthatdidn'tpreventtheboyfrombecomingoneofthegreatest6.(composer)ofalltimeHewrotehisfirstwaltzatsixAttheageof19,hedecidedtodevotehimselfto7.(write)musicHeformedhisownorchestraandmadeasuccessfultourtoEuropeandsoonbecamefamousTheemperorofAustriawasso8.(please)withhismusicthatheappointedhimtheconductoratthecourtballsofViennaItwasfortheseoccasionsthathewrotesomeofhismostpopularwaltzes,among9.wasthewell­knownfavoriteTheBlueDanubeInall,thetalentedJohannStrausswrotemorethan500masterpiecesInhislifetime,hewasknown10.theWaltzKing,andwaslargelyresponsibleforthe11.(popular)ofthewaltzinViennaduringthe19thcenturySectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Doyouhaveahobby?Somethingyoulookforwardtospendingyourtimewith?Somethingyoulovetodo?1、Ormakingmodelairplanes.Sketching.Ormakingusefulthingsoutofwastematerial.Itcouldbeamusicalinstrumentthatyouloveplaying.Orsinginganddancing.Therearemanythingsthatahobbycangiveyou,apartfromanenjoyabletime.Sashaywasashyboybutthroughhisinterestinmodelairplaneshelearnedthevalueofstickingtoataskuntilitwasfinished.Hismodelairplaneclubbroughthimtogetintotouchwithsimilarsouls.2、Havingahobbyhelpsyourelaxandgetawayfromtheroutinesofschool.3、Youreallyneedthiswelldeservedone,too!Itgivesyoufocus,selfdependence,confidenceandbuildsyourpersonality.Thisisanopportunitytoloseyourselfinanenjoyableactivity,awayfromthepressureofschool,soattheendofit,youfeelrelaxedandyet,mentallycharged.Yourhobbydefinesyou.4、Anditalsoshowsyouwhatyouaregoodat,andhowfaryoucango,whenyouapplyyourself.Sogoahead.5、Forahobbyis:Happiness:somethingwhichyoulookforwardtodoing.Opportunity:tonurtureanddevelopyourspecialanduniqueskillsandcelebratethem.Believeinyourself:makesyouunderstandyourstrongadvantagesandimprovesyourconfidence.Bestinyou:bringsoutyourbest—forineachoneofusthereisabestthatisonlyours.YOUgivesyouauniquecharacter,andmakesyouYOU!A.Developahobby.B.Itgivesyouabreak.C.Itprovesyourability.D.Hobbiesshowyourcharacter.E.Itshowcasesyourspecialskills.F.Itcouldbecollectingsomething.G.Helearnedtomakefriendsforthefirsttime.Manysolutionsweseekwithregardtoachieving

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