考研《英语一》河北省邯郸市邯郸县2023年模拟预测试卷含解析

考研《英语一》河北省邯郸市邯郸县2023年模拟预测试卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Myfatherwasahighlyeducated,intelligentgentleman.Hecoulddebateordiscussfor1onalmostanytopicandholdyourattentionintheprocess.Ithoughttherewas2hewasn'tabletodo.Afewdays3myyoungerbrother's7thbirthday,Dadplannedtoputtogetherashinynew4asaspecialbirthdaysurprise.Afternearlyanhourof5theinstructions,Dadwasstillunabletoputthenewbiketogether.Laterhefoldedupthepaperofinstructions,6histoolbox,anddecidedtotakethebikebacktothelocaltoystoreandpayextramoneytohaveit7assembled(组装)there.Then,a(n)8cametohim,ashecalledouttoLovett,thequietlittlemanwhomowedourgrassland."Lovett,haveyoueverassembledaboy'sbicycle?"AsLovettwalkedtowardsthebike,Dadhandedhimthepaperofinstructions.Lovetthandedit9tohim,saying,"No,thanks.Ican'tread.Whenyoucan'tread,youhaveto10."Lessthan15minuteslater,thenewbicyclewasfullyassembled,withnospareparts11.DadshookLovett'shand,pattedhimontheback,thankedhimandhidthebike.Onthenightaftermybrother12hissimlynewgift.Dadannouncedatthefamilydinnertable13hadhappenedseveraldaysearlier.Hetookgreatdelightintellingit14---heuseditasanexampleofthinking.Hedidnot15illiteracy(文盲),butstronglytaughtustouseour16.Thejokewasonmyfather,17hewasabletoturnitintoalearningtool,andIlikedhimeven18aftertheincident.IalsogainedarespectforLovett.Tomehehadalwaysbeentheoldyardmanwhodidn'tsaymuch,butafterthatday,heseemedtosmile19,evenwalktaller.It'samazingwhatarealnodof20candotoliftpeopleup.1、A．minutes B．seconds C．hours D．years2、A．nothing B．everything C．something D．onething3、A．after B．ago C．before D．during4、A．toy B．car C．vehicle D．bike5、A．writing B．reading C．hearing D．explaining6、A．tookup B．pickedup C．heldup D．gaveup7、A．simply B．deliberately C．evidently D．correctly8、A．plot B．scene C．idea D．story9、A．back B．in C．out D．down10、A．quit B．stop C．argue D．think11、A．remaining B．remained C．spotted D．losing12、A．designed B．bought C．decorated D．received13、A．what B．that C．which D．why14、A．onceinawhile B．innotime C．fromthenon D．againandagain15、A．referto B．applyto C．relyon D．spyon16、A．hands B．heads C．mouths D．feet17、A．or B．and C．but D．because18、A．less B．worse C．more D．much19、A．larger B．happier C．luckier D．broader20、A．approval B．achievement C．judgment D．comfortSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Traditionally,robotshavebeenhard,madeofmetalandotherrigidmaterial:ButateamofscientistsatHarvardUniversityintheUShasmanagedtobuildanentirelysoftrobot-onethatdrawsinspirationfromanoctopus(章鱼).DescribedinsciencejournalNature,the“Octobot”couldpavethewayformoreeffectiveautonomousrobotsthatcouldbeusedinsearch，rescueandexploration.“TheOctobotisminimalsystemwhichmayserveasafoundationforanewgenerationofcompletelysoft,autonomousrobots”thestudy’sauthorswrote.Robotsbuiltforprecise,repetitivemovementsinacontrolledenvironmentdon’tdosowellonroughterrains(地形)orinunpredictableconditions.Andtheyaren’tespeciallysafearoundhumans,becausethey’remadeoutofhardandheavypartsthatcouldbepotentiallydangeroustotheirusers.Soresearchershavebeenworkingonbuildingsoftrobotsfordecades.They’retakeninspirationfromnature,lookingtoanimalsfromjellyfishtocockroaches,whichareoftenmadeupofmoreflexiblematter.Butcreatingacompletelysoftrobotremainsachallenge.Evenifengineersbuildasilicone(硅酮)body,it’sstillagrandchallengetoconstructflexibleversionsofessentialparts,suchasasourceofpower.“Althoughsoftroboticsisstillinitsearlystage,itholdsgreatpromiseforseveralapplications,suchassearch-rescueoperationsandexploration,”BarbaraMazzolaiandVirgilioMattolioftheItalianInstituteofTechnology’CenterforMicro-BioRobotics,wroteinacomment.“Softrobotsmightalsoopenupnewapproachestoimprovingwellnessandqualityoflife.”1、What’sthespecialfeatureof“Octobot”？A．It’ssoft.B．It’smadeofmetal.C．It’sverysmall.D．Itlookslikeanoctopus.2、What’sthedisadvantageoftraditionalrobots?A．They’rehardtocontrol.B．They’retooheavytomove.C．Theycan’tpredictconditions.D．Theycan’tbehavewellallthetime.3、OneofthebiggestchallengesistobuildOctobot’s________.A．siliconebodyB．complexcomponentsC．precisemovementsD．flexiblepowersource4、Whatcanweinferabouttheapplicationof“Octobot”？A．IthasbeenusedinvariousfieldsB．Ithasnotbeenputintouseonalargescale.C．IthasbeenusedinthefieldofrescueD．Ithasnotbeenimprovedyet.Text2OxfordandCambridgehavenowdecidedtoremovethewordsCAN'TandIMPOSSIBLEfromtheirdictionary.JessicaCox,bornin1983,inArizona,istheworld’sfirstlicensedarmlesspilot.ThegirlfromTucson,ArizonagottheSportPilotcertificatelatelyandbecamethefirstpilotlicensedtoflyusingonlyherfeet.

JessicaCoxwasbornwithoutarms,butthathasonlystoppedherfromdoingonething:usingtheword"can't."CoxgraduatedfromtheUniversityofArizonain2005withabachelor’sdegreeinpsychologyandaminorincommunications.Coxhasnotusedprostheticarmssincesheturned14.Usingherfeetasmostpeopleusetheirhands,sheisable,amongotherthings,todriveanunmodifiedcarwithanunrestrictedlicense,totypeonakeyboardat25wordsperminute,andtoputinandremovehercontactlenses.JessicaCoxflewinasingleengineairplaneforthefirsttimeviaWrightFlightin2005.Coxearnedherpilot’scertificateonOctober10,2008afterthreeyearsoftrainingandisqualifiedtoflyalight-sportaircrafttoaltitudeof10,000feet.“She'sagoodpilot.She'srocksolid,”saidParrishTraweek,42,theflyinginstructoratSanManuel'sRayBlairAirport.

ParrishTraweekrunsPCAircraftMaintenanceandFlightServicesandhastrainedmanypilots,someofwhomdidn'tcomeclosetoCox'sabilities.Doctorsneverlearnedwhyshewasbornwithoutarms,butshefiguredoutearlythatshedidn'twanttouseprostheticdevices.

So,thenexttimeyouarereadytotellyourself,"Ican'tpossibly..."rememberthisamazingyoungwomanandchangeyourvocabulary.1、Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraphs?A．OxfordandCambridgefeltalittledisappointed.B．Noarmlesspeoplehadgotapilotcertificatebefore.C．JessicaCoxwasn’tallowedtousetheword“can’t”.D．Theword“can’t”woulddisappearfromtheEnglishdictionary.2、WhatdoyouthinkofJessicaCox?A．Sheisacleverandbravegirl.B．Sheispositiveanddetermined.C．Sheisindeedapoorlyeducatedgirl.D．Sheonlytakesinterestinaircraft.3、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“prostheticmeaninParagraph3?A．artificialB．damagedC．unusualD．abnormal4、Aftergraduatingfromuniversity,JessicaCox_____.A．sufferedfailurewhensearchingforjobs.B．madeastarttotaketrainingtobecomeapilotC．decidedtouseherfeetasmostpeopleusehands.D．triedherbesttotakecareofherselfinherdailylife.Text3StephenHawking’sfinalfearwasthatDNAmanipulationwouldleadtoamasterraceofsuperhumans.Thephysicist,whodiedaged76inMarch,2018,thoughtthedevelopmentcoulddestroytherestofhumanbeings.HislastpredictionisrevealedinanewbookofhiscollectedarticlesandessayscalledBriefAnswerstoBigQuestions.Hawkingfearedrichpeoplewouldsoonbeabletoedittheirchildren’sDNAtoimproveattributeslikememoryanddiseaseimmunity.Andhesaidthatwouldposeacrisisfortherestoftheworldevenifpoliticianstriedtoillegalizethepractice.Inanextract(摘录)publishedbyTheSundayTimes,hewrote:“Iamsurethatduringthiscenturypeoplewilldiscoverhowtomodifybothintelligenceandinstinctssuchasaggression.“Lawswillprobablybepassedagainstgeneticengineeringwithhumans.Butsomepeoplewon’tbeabletoresistthetemptationtoimprovehumancharacteristics,suchasmemory,resistancetodiseaseandlengthoflife.”Andhesaidthatwouldcausehugeproblemsforhumanswhohavenotundergonethesameprocess,leavingthemunabletocompete.Theprofessorevenwarneditcouldleadtotheextinctionofhumanityasweknowit.Hesaidofnormalhumans:“Presumablytheywilldieout,orbecomeunimportant.Instead,therewillbearaceofself-designingbeingswhoareimprovingatanever-increasingrate.”TheBriefHistoryofTimeauthoralsoreferstotechniqueslikeCrispr,whichenablesscientiststomodifyharmfulgenesandaddinothers.Andalthoughsuchprocedurescouldbeaboostformedicalscience,somecriticsareworriedthattheycouldcauseaeugenics-style(优生方式)movement,wheretheweakareweededoutofsociety.Thenewbook,publishedbyHodder&StoughtononTuesday,alsocollectshiswritingsonwhathethoughtwerethebigquestionsfacingscienceandwidersociety.Init,heexamineswhetheraliensexist,colonizespaceandwhetherhumanswillevergobeyondourSolarSystem.1、StephenHawking’sviewsdon’tinclude_________.A．DNAmanipulationcouldleadtotheextinctionofhumanbeings.B．Thereexisttechniquestomodifyharmfulgenesandaddingoodgenes.C．Peoplecannotresistthetemptationtoimprovehumancharacteristics.D．Humanswhohaven’tundergonegeneticengineeringmaydieout.2、WhichoneisthehookpublishedbyHodder&Stoughton?A．BriefAnswerstoQuestions. B．TheSundayTimes.C．TheBriefHistoryofTime. D．SolarSystem.3、What’sStephenHawking’sattitudetowardshumangeneticengineering?A．Supportive. B．Impartial. C．Favorable. D．Concerned.4、Whatdoesthetextmainlywanttotellus?A．Crisprcanenablescientiststogetharmfulgeneschanged.B．DNAmanipulationwillcreateamasterraceofsuperhumans.C．HumanswillcolonizespaceandgobeyondourSolarSystem.D．DNAmanipulationmayleadtotheextinctionofhumanbeings.Text4ShopwithYourDocispartofabroaderandstillgrowingmovementinUSmedicinetoshiftthefocusawayfromsimplytreatingdiseasetowardcaringforthewholeperson.Itismeanttohelppeoplemakeeducated,healthychoicesonegrocerycartatatime.Acrossthecountry,hospitalsaresettingupfoodbanksandmedicalschoolsareputtingcookingclassesonthecurriculum.Nonprofitsareconnectingmedicalcenterswithcommunityresourcestoensurethatlow-incomeAmericanshaveaccesstofreshfruitsandvegetables.Forcenturies,Westernmedicine’smissionwastocuredisease.Butoverthepastgeneration,twogeneration,twosignificanttrendsareofconcerntothemedicalcommunity,saysTimothyHarlan,executivedirectorofGoldringCenterforCulinaryMedicineatTulaneUniversityinNewOrleans.Healthcarecostsbegantosoar(激增),andrelativelyinexpensive,poor-qualityfoodbecamemorecommon.“There’saverystraightforwardlinkbetweenpeopleimprovingtheirdietsandimprovingtheconditionthattheyhave,”Dr.Harlansays.Theconnectiondrovethemedicalandnonprofitcommunitiestorethinktheirapproachtohealth.Whatemergedwastheconceptofthe“socialdeterminantsofhealth”－thenotionoftakingintoaccountthebiological,physical,andsocioeconomiccircumstancessurroundingapatient.Ahealthypersonisn’tjustsomeonewhoisfreefromdisease,thetheorygoes;heorshealsoenjoys“astateofcompletemental,physicalandsocialwell-being.”Thequestionthemedicalcommunitynowfacesishowtogetpatients－especiallylow-incomefamilies－torecognizethesedeterminantsandmakeitpossibleforthemtoeatandlivehealthier.InBoston,medicalexpertsrespondedbycreatinganon-sitepantry(食品室)atBostonMedicalCenter.Sinceitsfoundingin2002,thepantryhasevolvedintoakindofnutritioncenterwhereprimarycareprovidersatBMCsendpatientsforfood.Todaythepantry,whichgets95percentofitsstockfromtheGreaterBostonFoodbank,hostsfreecookingclassesandservesabout7,000peopleamonth.TheGreaterBostonFoodBankhasalsolauncheditsowninitiatives,strikingpartnershipswithfourcommunityhealthcentersacrossthestatetoofferfreemobileproducemarkets.Theorganizationalsohelpeddeveloptoolkits(软件包)thatmaplocalpantries,marketsthatacceptgovernmentfoodvouchers,andotherresources.AtTulaneinNewOrleans,Harlanisleadingthedevelopmentofacurriculumthatcombinesmedicinewiththeartoffoodpreparation.Hisphilosophy:Doctorswhoknowtheirwayaroundakitchenarebetterathelpingtheirpatients.Andempoweringpatientstotakechargeoftheirowndietsisonewaytohelpthemdealwiththeincrediblecostsofhealthcare,Harlansays.Thecurriculumhassincebeenadoptedat35medicalschoolsaroundtheUnitedStates.Chippingawayatbadhabitsisagoodplacetostartgettingpatientstothinkaboutthechoicestheymakeforthemselvesandtheirfamilies,sayDrMaureenVillasenor,theOrangeCountypediatrician(儿科医生).1、TheaimofShopwithYourDocisto_______.A．helppatientsrelaxbeforeanoperationB．assistpatientsinfindingfoodfitforthemC．controlpeople’sfoodconsumptioninsupermarketsD．persuadelow-incomefamiliestotakemorefruitsandvegetables2、Paragraphs2and3mainlytalkabout_______.A．theroleWesternmedicinehasbeenplayingB．howanewconceptofhealthcameintobeingC．medicalcommunities’worriesaboutfoodsafetyD．whylow-incomefamiliesarelessreliableonhealthcare3、WhatdoweknowabouttheGreaterBostonFoodBank?A．Itscookingclassesarefreeofcharge.B．Itwasfoundedatthebeginningofthe21stcentury.C．Ithelpspeoplelocatepantriesandmarkets.D．IttreatsmanyapatientfromBMC．4、WhatcanbeinferredaboutthecurriculumdevelopedbyHarlan?A．ItappealstoanumberofUSmedicalschools.B．Itisspeciallydesignedfordoctorsincommunities.C．Itscontenthaslittletodowithmedicine.D．ItsphilosophyisquestionedbyDr.MaureenVillasenor.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Doyouhavesleepingproblems?Ifso,thenthesetipsmayhelpyoufallasleepfastSetasidethethoughtthatyouhavetofallasleepThemoreyouthinkofit,the1．(hard)youwillfallasleepThefoodsyoueatalsoplay2．importantpartAvoideatingordrinkingthingslikechocolates,coffee,teaandenergydrinksIfyouhaveto,thenhavetheminthemorningandneverintheafternoon,3．(especial)beforegoingtobedDon’teattoomuchatnightAfullstomachwillmakeitmoredifficultforyou4．（fall）asleepbecauseyourbodyisworkingmoretimetodigestthefoodyouateMakeafixedtimetogotobedForexample,by9o’clockintheeveningyoushouldalreadybe5．bedDothisevenifyou’renotsleepyyetOnce6．(follow)thisroutine,youwillgraduallyseethatyouwillfeelsleepywhenit’s9o’clockintheeveningMakeyourroom7．(comfort)forsleepingYoushouldalsotakenotesthatthesleepingenvironmentalso8．(affect)yoursleepItmustbeintheroom9．it’snotnoisyOtherwise,youwillfind10．difficulttofallasleepagainafterwakingupIt’ssoclose,andyetitalwaysseemedsofaraway．1．(get)totheruraldistrictjustafewhundred2．(meter)awayontheothersideofthebay,nativepeopleusedtohavetojumponaboatordriveabout160kilometers－partofthatjourneyon3．(dust)road．NowanyonewantingtogetfromdowntownMaputo,capitalofMozambique,toKatembe,orviceversa,candosoeasily,andinamatterofminutes,thankstothelongesttwin-towersuspensionbridgeinAfrica,4．hangsoverMaputoBay．“Mozambiquehadlongplannedtobuildabridgelinkingthenorthandsouthofthebay,butnothingcameofthembecause5．alackofmoneyandtechnology,”saidWangLijun,vice-presidentofChinaRoadandBridgeCorporation(公司),whichbuilt6．bridge．TheMaputo-KatembeBridge,7．(open)inNovemberafterfouryearsofconstruction,ispartoftheMaputoBridgeandLinkRoadsprojectwhich8．(build)byCRBC．It9．(be)187kilometerslongandservesasanimportanthighwaythatdirectlylinksMaputototheborderwithSouthAfrica,tothesouth．“Bynight,whenthelightsareon,it’s10．(especial)impressive,”Wangsaid,andasalandmarkitcouldhelpdeveloptourismandattractoverseasinvestmentforMozambique．SectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)IamaKorean-AmericangrowingupinKorea.MydelayedfirstdayatWheatonCollegewasmyfirsttimeintheU.S.inmorethan10years.FrommyfirsttimeeatingatChipotletotheendlessvarietyofScotchtapesondisplayatTarget,cultureshockaffectedmedeeply.IwasfloodedwiththerushofStarbuckscaffeine(咖啡因).1、Onthatfirstdayto-dolistwasajobinterviewforaworkerposition.Theintervieweraskedwherelwasfrom.Seoul.2、Englishliterature.Hesaid,"Oh,youmustbeenthusiasticaboutcomingallthewayheretostudyEnglishfromKorea'!”Thatcommentannoyedme,inawayIcouldn'tdescribethen.It'sclearernow:3、Theinterviewerwasmeasuringmypassionwithoutknowinganythingaboutme,onlybasedonwherelwascomingfrom.Thatinterviewwasasmallexampleofwhatcameafterthatfirstdayofcollege,butIhesitatetotellthestorybecausesomepeoplewhomaderidiculouslyignorant(无知的)commentsendedupbeingmygoodfriends.Thiswasn'teasy.4、Throughthem,Ilearnedtoexpressmyfeelingsclearlyinwords.Tothem,Iowethisstory.Wegettoknowsomepeopleandotherswedon't.Wemakedecisionstoinvolveinconversationsornot.5、otherwise,Iwouldhavestayedinmybubble,meetingonlypeoplewhosaythingsthatsoundright.A．Peoplethinkdifferentlyfromme.B．Ittaughtmedisagreementsareunnecessary.C．Ittookalotoflistening,patienceandeffort.D．Thecommentwasfocusedonmyupbringing.E.Hethenaskedwhatlwouldbestudyinghere.F.Iwasexcitedandterrifiedbuttriedtoactbravely.G.Inaway,I'mthankfulthatIhadtotakethoseextrastepsfromthefirstday.ADietWithoutEnoughProteinCanCauseDepressionDepressionisaconditionsocommon,theWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)callsit“aleadingcauseofdisability.”Difficultyinfallingasleep,lossofappetite,andlossofabilitytoconcentratearejustafewoftheothereffectsofdepression.WHOestimatesthatworldwide,atanyonetime,350millionpeoplesufferfromthecondition.Whilel