甘肃武威六中高一下学期期末练习英语试卷

学必求其心得，业必贵于专精学必求其心得，业必贵于专精学必求其心得，业必贵于专精高一英语《必修3、必修4》检测试卷一、阅读理解(每小题2分，共40分)ABoliviahasapopulationofthreeandahalfmillion。Aboutonetenthofthetotalpopulationarewhite；one-fourtharemixedIndiansandwhite;andmorethanhalfarefull—bloodedIndians.Thegovernmentandtheindustriesareunderthecontrolofthewhitepeople.TheIndianstodayliveinmuchthesamewayastheirancestors.Mostofthemarefarmers.Manyworkinthemines，forminingisthemostimportantindustryonBolivia’s。Ofalltheminingproducts，tinisthemostimportant，whichmakesupthree-fourthsofallBolivia’sexports.TheeasternslopesoftheAndes，sincethereareveryfewroadsthere，arefertilebutnothighlydeveloped。Thetwoprimarymeansoftransportationareriverboatsandporters。Eastofthehillregionisthegreatplainswheretropicalplantsaregrown。AseriousproblemforBoliviaisthetransportoffoodfromthewarmregions，whereitisgrown,tothemountainousregions，wheremostofthepeoplelive。BoliviagaineditsindependencefromSpainaboutahundredyearsago。Ithasbeenslowindeveloping，butitsrichresourcespromiseabetterfutureinit.1。ThemajorityoftheBolivianpopulationare__________。A.full-bloodedIndiansB.mixedIndianandwhiteC.whitecitizensD。allwhitesandmixed-bloodedpeople2.TheIndian’swayoflifetodayis___________。A.quitedifferentfromthatoftheirancestorsB。quiteinterestingC.almostthesameastheirancestors’D.veryexciting3.TheeasternslopesoftheAndesisnothighlydevelopedbecause________.A.therearethickforeststhereB。thereareveryfewroadsthereC.therearemanyfineminesthereD。theyarenotfertileenough4.Boliviahasbeenslowindeveloping,butithashopeforabetterfuturebecauseofits____.A。miningproductsB。richresourcesC。independencefromSpainD。twoprimarymeansoftransportation【答案】1。A2。C3。B4。B【解析】这是一篇说明文.介绍了玻利维亚的人口组成、产业情况、交通运输以及地形等.2。细节理解题。根据“TheIndianstodayliveinmuchthesamewayastheirancestors。”今天，印第安人和他们祖先的生活方式有很大的相似之处。故选C。3.细节理解题。根据“TheeasternslopesoftheAndes,sincethereareveryfewroadsthere,arefertilebutnothighlydeveloped。"可知，安第斯山脉东坡虽然肥沃，但因几乎没有通往那里的路，所以并没有得到很好的发展.故选B。4。细节理解题。根据“Ithasbeenslowindeveloping,butitsrichresourcespromiseabetterfutureinit。”它发展得很慢，但它丰富的资源给它带来的美好的前景，可知玻利维亚因为资源丰富而前景很好，故选B。BHabits，whethergoodorbad，aregraduallyformed.Whenapersondoesacertainthingagain，heisdrivenbysomeunseenforcetodothesamethingrepeatedly,thenahabitisformed.Onceahabitisformed，itisdifficult,andsometimesimpossible,togetridof。Itisthereforeveryimportantthatweshouldpaygreatattentiontotheformationofhabits。Childrenoftenformbadhabits,someofwhichremainwiththemaslongastheylive。Olderpersonsalsoformbadhabitslastingaslongastheylive,andsometimesbecomeruinedbythem。Thereareotherhabitswhich,whenformedinearlylife,areofgreathelp。Manysuccessfulmensaythatmuchoftheirsuccesshassomethingtodowithcertainhabitsinearlylife，suchasearlyrising，honestyandsoon。Amongthehabitswhichchildrenshouldnotformarelaziness，lying,stealingandsoon。Thesearealleasilyformedhabits.Unfortunatelyolderpersonsoftenformhabitswhichcouldhavebeenavoided。Weshouldkeepawayfrom（远离）allthesebadhabits,andtrytoformsuchhabitsaswillbegoodforourselvesandothers.5.________areformedlittlebylittle。A。GoodhabitsB。BadhabitsC.BothgoodhabitsandbadhabitsD。Eithergoodhabitsorbadhabits6.Theunderlinedword”them"inthefirstparagraphrefersto________。A.badhabitsB。goodhabitsC。childrenD。otherpersons7.Generallyspeaking，it'sdifficultforone________andnoteasyforthem________whichshouldbeavoided.A。toformbadhabits；toformgoodhabitsB。toformgoodhabits;togetridofbadhabitsC。toformsuchhabitsaswillbegood;togetridofgoodhabitsD。togetridofbadhabits;toformgoodhabits8。Whyshouldwepaymuchattentiontotheformationofhabits?A.Becausehabitsareofgreathelptoeveryoneofus。B。Becauseamancannevergetridofahabit。C。Becauseit’shardandsometimesevenimpossibletothrowawaybadhabits。D。Becauseweareforcedtodothemagainandagain.【答案】5。C6.A7.B8。C【解析】这是一篇说明文.介绍了习惯的养成方式以及不同性质的习惯带给人们的影响。告诉我们要远离坏习惯，形成良好的习惯。5.细节理解题。根据“Habits,whethergoodorbad，aregraduallyformed。”习惯，不论好坏，都是逐渐养成的，可知好、坏习惯都是逐渐养成的，故选C.6.细节理解题。根据“Olderpersonsalsoformbadhabitslastingaslongastheylive,andsometimesbecomeruinedbythem。”年龄大一点的人也会养成伴随他们终生的坏习惯，甚至被它们毁掉。可知，这里的them代指的是坏习惯，故选A。7.推理判断题。根据生活常识,人们总是很难养成良好的生活习惯,也很难摆脱不良习惯。故选B。CDoctorSeusswasbornin1904.Bythemiddle1950s,hehadbecomeoneofthebestlovedandmostsuccessfulchildren’sbookwritersintheworld。Hisbooksareverypopularwithyoungreaders。Theyenjoytheinventedwordsandthepicturesofunusualfunnyanimalsandplants。In1954，lifemagazinepublished(刊登)areportaboutschoolchildrenwhocouldnotread。Thereportsaidmanychildren’sbookswerenotinteresting。DoctorSeussstronglyhopedtohelpchildrenanddecidedtowritebooksthatwereinterestingandeasytoread.Heusedwordswiththesameendingsound,likefishandwish。Hedidnotreceivetraininginart。Yet,hedrewthepicturesformostofhisbooks.In1957，Dr.SeusswroteTheCatintheHat.Heusedlessthan230wordstowritethebookandevenasix.year­oldshouldbeabletoreadit.Itwasafunstoryandeasytoread.Childrenlovedit.Theirparentslovedit，too。Todayitisstilloneofthestoriestheylikebest.ThesuccessofTheCatintheHatmadehimwanttowritemorebooksforchildren。In1960，hewroteabookusinglessthanfiftywords.ThebookiscalledGreenEggsandHam。In1984，DoctorSeusswonaPulitzerPrize（普利策奖）。HewashonoredfortheeducationandenjoymenthisbooksprovidedAmericanchildrenandtheirparents.Hediedattheageof87,buthisinfluenceremains。Millionsofhisbookshavebeensoldworldwide.PeoplesayhisbookshelpedchangethewayAmericanchildrenlearnedtoread.Yet,hisbooksarelovedbypeopleofallages。DoctorSeussoncesaid，“Idonotwriteforchildren.Iwriteforpeople。”9.DoctorSeusslearnedfromthemagazinethat_________。A。someschoolchildrencouldnotreadwithinterest。B。manychildren’sbookswereinterestingC.childrenwantedtolearntoreadD。awriterforchildrenwaswanted10。Peoplelikehisbooksbecausethebooks________。A。arecheapandeasytogetB。werewrittenindifferentlanguagesC。areeasyandinterestingtoreadD.werewrittenwithinventedwords11.HewrotethebookTheCatintheHatattheageof________.A.50B.53C。56D.8712。WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.DoctorSeusswroteGreenEggsandHamwithover230words.B。DoctorSeusswrotebooksonlyforchildrenintheUnitedStates.C.TheCatintheHatwaswrittenonlyforsix。year­oldchildren。D。HisbooksprovidededucationandenjoymentforAmericans.【答案】9.A10。C11.B12。D【解析】这是一篇记叙文.介绍了一位受美国儿童欢迎的作家苏斯博士的个人信息、生平成就、著作等信息。9。细节理解题。根据“In1954，lifemagazinepublished(刊登）areportaboutschoolchildrenwhocouldnotread.Thereportsaidmanychildren’sbookswerenotinteresting.”在1954年,生活杂志刊登了一篇关于上学的孩子无法阅读的报道。报道说很多儿童书籍都不怎么有趣。可知，苏斯博士是在阅读这篇杂志报道后发现孩子们不能带着兴趣阅读的，故选A.10。细节理解题。根据“Itwasafunstoryandeasytoread.Childrenlovedit.Theirparentslovedit,too."这是个有趣易读的故事，孩子们和家长们都很喜欢。可知，苏斯博士的书受到人们的喜爱是因为它们有趣又易读，故选C.11.细节理解题。根据“DoctorSeusswasbornin1904.”苏斯博士出生于1904年，以及“In1957，Dr.SeusswroteTheCatintheHat。”苏斯博士在1957年写了《戴帽子的猫》，可知，他是53岁写这本书的，故选B。12。细节理解题。根据“HewashonoredfortheeducationandenjoymenthisbooksprovidedAmericanchildrenandtheirparents。”他因作品给美国儿童和父母带来教育意义与娱乐而获奖，可知，他的书对美国人民是寓教于乐的，故选D。【名师点睛】在做阅读理解这样的题型时，尤其是介绍某人、某事时，一定要注意观察文中所给的时间。经常会考查根据已知时间来计算的题型。例如第3题,问道“HewrotethebookTheCatintheHatattheageof________。”我们在文章开头可以找到苏斯博士的出生日期1904年，再迅速找文中发表《戴帽子的猫》的时间,“In1957".通过简单的计算1957—1904=53，可知，他是53岁写这本书的,故选B.DIfyouliveintheUnitedStates,thelawsaysyoucan’thaveafull。timejobuntilyouare16yearsold.At14or15,youcanworkpart—timeafterschooloronweekends,andduringsummeryoucanwork40hourseachweek。Doesallthatmeanthatifyouareyoungerthan14，youcan'tearn(赚)yourownmoney？Ofcoursenot！Kidswhoarebetweentheagesof10and13canearnmoneybydoinglotsofthings。Valerie,11，toldusthatshemademoneybycleaningupotherpeople'syards.Lena,13，makesmoneybyknitting(织）dogsweatersandsellingthemtoherneighbors,andRiesasaidshehadstartedtakingartclassesandshowingherworktopeople.Peoplehaveaskedhertodrawpicturesforthemandtheypayherforthem.Jasmine,13,writesarticlesfordifferentmagazines！Earningislearning。Byworkingtoearnyourownmoney,youarelearningtheskillsyouwillneedtosucceedinlife.Theseskillscanincludethingslikegettingalongwithothers，usingtechnology(技术)andusingyourtime。Somepeoplethinkthataskingformoneyisaloteasierthanearningit;however，whenyoumakeyourownmoney,youdon'thavetodependonsomeoneelse。Thefivedollarsthatyouearnwillprobablymakeyoufeelalotbetterinyourhandthanthetwentydollarsyouaskfor。13。Kidscanhavefull.timejobsattheageof________intheUSA。A.17B。14C。13D.1014.Accordingtothepassage，whichofthefollowingisNotTrue？A。Youarelearninghowtosucceedbyworkinginyourteens。B.KidsareencouragedtoliveindependentlyintheUSA。C。Earningone'smoneyisbetterthanaskingformoneyfromothers.D。Kidsdon’tneedtogetalongwithotherswhenmakingmoney。15。Fromthepassageweknowthat________。A。parentswon’tlettheirchildrenearntheirownmoneyB。it’shardforkidsunder14yearsoldtoearnmoneyintheUSAC。kidscanlearnskillsiftheytrytoearnmoneyontheirownD。ifkidstrytoearnmoney,theywon'thaveenoughtimetostudy【答案】13。A14.D15。C【解析】这是一篇记叙文。主要为我们介绍了在美国不同年龄段的孩子可以赚钱的不同方式，让读者体会到自己赚钱比要钱更大的意义。13。细节理解题。根据“IfyouliveintheUnitedStates，thelawsaysyoucan’thaveafull。timejobuntilyouare16yearsold.”如果你住在美国，法律规定在你16岁之前是不能有全职工作的.可知，在美国,年龄大于16岁就能有全职工作。故选A。14。细节理解题。根据“Byworkingtoearnyourownmoney,youarelearningtheskillsyouwillneedtosucceedinlife.Theseskillscanincludethingslikegettingalongwithothers，usingtechnology（技术)andusingyourtime”通过工作来自己赚钱，你将学到成功需要的技巧。这些技巧包括和他人相处、使用技术和你自己的时间。可知，和他人相处在赚钱时也是非常重要的，故选D.15.细节理解题。根据“Byworkingtoearnyourownmoney，youarelearningtheskillsyouwillneedtosucceedinlife。"通过工作来自己赚钱,你将学到成功需要的技巧。可知,孩子们在赚钱时会学到技巧。故选C。E根据文章,在空白处选择正确的选项。其中两项为多余选项.Howdoyouimproveyourspelling？___16___Justaswelearnspokenlanguagebyhearinglotsofpeoplespeaking，welearnwrittenlanguage，includingspelling,byreadingwhatalotofpeoplewrite.Spellingisnotabouthowawordsound，it'sabouthowitlooksonthepage，whichmeansyouhavetolookatalotofwordsonthepagetolearnthecorrectspellingaboutit。Makealistofyourcommonlymisspelledwords。___17___Whenyougetachance,lookitupandputthecorrectspellingnexttoit。___18___Ifyoulookitupmorethanonce,addittoyourpersonallist.Write！Write!Write！___19___Whenyoulookituphowtospellaword,writeitdownseveraltimesinarowanddoitagainadayortwolater。___20___Writeablog,ajournal，e-mails,anovel,anythingthatwillkeepyouusingwordsandpayspecialattentionasyouwritetothewordsthatcomeupwrong.A。Thereisnosubstitute(代替)forreadingalot.B.Putamarknexttoeverywordyoulookupinthedictionary。C.Thoseofuswhospellwellhaveahardtimeexplainingit，too.D.Letothersreadyourwritings，andaskthemtocirclemisspelledwords.E。You’retryingtobuildupthemotormemoryofwritingitcorrectlyspelled。F.Theonlywaytoreallylearnawordistouseit，andthatcountsforspellingasmuchasforlearningitsmeaning。G.Whenyoucatchyourselfspellingthesamewordwrongoverandover，writeitdownsomewhere。【答案】16.A17。G18.B19.F20.E【解析】这是一篇记叙文。为我们讲述了学习语言时拼写的重要性,为我们提供了几个练习拼写能力的建议.16.根据“Howdoyouimproveyourspelling?”你怎样提高拼写能力?以及后文的“welearnwrittenlanguage,includingspelling，byreadingwhatalotofpeoplewrite.”我们通过阅读来学习写作,包括拼写。可知，此处强调的是阅读的重要性，故选A。17.根据“Makealistofyourcommonlymisspelledwords.___2___Whenyougetachance，lookitupandputthecorrectspellingnexttoit.”制作一个你常拼错的单词的清单。当你有空时查找词典,在旁边写上正确的词。可知本处强调的是把错误的词写在同一个地方以便改正。故选G。18。根据“___3___Ifyoulookitupmorethanonce，addittoyourpersonallist.”当你查得不止一遍时,把它放到你的个人清单上。可知，此处依旧在强调查找、处理单词的方式，与此处查找单词有关的选项为B，故选B。19。根据“Whenyoulookituphowtospellaword,writeitdownseveraltimesinarowanddoitagainadayortwolater。"当你查找怎样拼写一个单词时，把它多次记下来,一两天后再做一遍。可知，此处强调我们要重复记忆正确的拼写方式。故选E。20.根据“Writeablog,ajournal，e-mails,anovel，anythingthatwillkeepyouusingwordsandpayspecialattentionasyouwritetothewordsthatcomeupwrong.”写博客、日记、邮件、小说等任何可以让你不断拼写并且要注意是否错误的东西。可知，此处强调的是要学会在实际中使用这些拼写的单词。故选F。二、完形填空（每小题1。5分，共30分）Areyouamanoramouse？Whenpeopleaskthisquestiontheywanttoknow___21___youthinkyouarea___22___personoracoward(懦夫）.Butyouwillneverreallyknowtheanswertothisquestion___23___youaretestedinreallife。Somepeople___24___theyarebravebutwhentheycomefacetofacewithreal___25___,theyactlikecowards.Othersthinkofthemselvesascowards，butwhentheymeetdanger，theyactlike___26___.Lennyhadalwaysthoughtofhimselfasa___27___person.Hegotworriedbeforeexaminations。Heworriedabouthisjobandhealth。Allhewantedinlifewastobesafeandhealthy.___28___,onJanuary15th，2002,aplanecrashedintothePotomacRiverinWashington.Lennywenttotherivertoseewhatwashappening.Hesawawomaninthe___29___water.Lennydidnotfeelafraid。Hekeptvery___30___anddidaverydangerousthing。HejumpedintothePotomac,___31___tothewoman,andkeptherhead___32___thewater。Seventy—eightpeoplediedthatday.ThankstoLenny，itwasnot___33___.Whenyouareinavery___34___situationandfeelafraid，thebodyautomaticallyproducesachemicalintheblood.Thechemicaliscalledadrenalin（肾上腺素）.___35___adrenalininthebloodsystem，youactuallyfeelstrongerandstrongerandare___36___tofightorrunaway。However，whenyouareabsolutelyterrified，thebodycanproducetoomuchadrenalin。Whenthis___37___,themuscles（肌肉）becomeveryhardandyoufindyou___38___moveatall.Youarethenparalyzed（使无能为力）withfear.Thisis___39___whenweareveryfrightened，wesometimessaywe’re“petrified(惊呆的)”.ThiswordcomesfromtheGreekword“petros”,whichmeans“stone”。Weare___40___frightenedthatwebecomestonelike.21。A.howB.neitherC。whetherD。either22。A。braveB.realC。hardD.certain23.A.whenB.untilC。afterD.once24。A。realizeB。findC.thinkD.agree25.A.lifeB。questionC。mouseD。danger26.A.soldiersB.miceC.heroesD。cowards27.A.usefulB。braveC.nervousD.terrible28。A。SoB。ThereforeC.ThenD。Actually29。A。freshB.poisonousC.warmD。ice—cold30。A.nervousB。calmC。frightenedD。excited31.A。wentB。helpedC。spokeD。swam32。A。inB。underC。aboveD.from33.A.anaccidentB。amistakeC.seventy-eightD。seventy-nine34。A.dangerousB.comfortableC.differentD。favorable35。A.WithB。WithoutC。ForD.Like36。A。afraidB。unableC.readyD。anxious37。A。getsB.disappearsC.happensD。goes38.A.needn’tB。can’tC.mustn’tD。shouldn’t39。A。whereB.howC。becauseD。why40。A.reallyB.veryC。suchD。so【答案】21。C22。A23.B24.C25.D26。C27.C28。C29。D30.B31.D32.C33.D34.A35.A36.C37.C38。B39。D40.D【解析】试题分析:本文从Lenny的故事介绍了懦弱的人在关键时刻也会表现的很勇敢，并且介绍这种情况的生理原因。21.考查连接词：和后面or搭配应该用whether，选C22。考查形容词：和acoward（懦夫）对应的是brave。选A23。考查until和否定词连用，直到…才…,选B24。考查动词辨析：A.realize意识到B。find发现C.think认为D.agree同意,选C符合句意。25.考查名词：根据后面的theyactlikecowards可知是面对危险。选D26。考查名词：句意：但是当遇到困难时，他们表现的象英雄。选C27.考查形容词：从后面的gotworried可知是nervous，选C28.考查副词:A。So那么B。Therefore因此C。Then然后D。Actually实际上,表示时间顺序,选C29。考查形容词:因为是一月份，所以是ice—cold，冰冷的。选D30。考查形容词：前面是Lennydidnotfeelafraid。所以用keepcalm保持冷静.选B31.考查动词：jumpedintothePotomac,swam和keptherhead42thewater.是并列动作,选D32.考查介词：keepone’sheadabovethewater，头保持在水面上。选C33.考查上下文串联，上文有Seventy—eightpeople可知选D34。考查形容词：从后面的feelafraid可知选dangerous，选A35.考查with复合结构,with+宾语+介词短语.选A36.考查形容词：bereadytodo准备做.选C37。考查动词：A.gets得到B。disappears消失C.happens发生D.goes走,C符合句意。38。考查情态动词:表示；你发现你会不能动.选B39.考查疑问副词：that'swhy…那就是为什么…。选D40。考查连词，我们害怕因此就会象石头一样。选D考点：考查夹叙夹议类短文点评:文章结构严谨，层次分明,考查知识面广，立足语篇，侧重通过上下文信息考查考生的综合运用英语的能力,要注意故事发展的细节，注意上下文串联和语法分析，因为在本文中语法分析题考查较多。三、语法填空（每小题1。5分，共15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式(不多于3个单词)。Theearthwasjust___41___cloudofdustafterthe“BigBang”．Theearthexplodedloudlywithfireandrock.___42___wereintimetoproducemanythings，whichweretomaketheearth’satmosphere。Astheearthcooleddown,waterbegantoappearon___43___surface。Itallowedtheearthtodissolve___44___（harm）gases。Thenlifebegantodevelop.Smallplantsmultipliedandfilledthefirstoceansandseaswithoxygen。Thisencouragedthe___45___（develop）ofearlyshellfishandfish。Landanimalssuch____46____insects，reptilesanddinosaursappearedaftergreenplantsappeared.Smallcleveranimalsspreadall___47___theearth。Theyareputtingtoomuchcarbondioxideintotheatmosphere,___48___preventsheatfromescapingfromtheearthintospace。____49____lifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocomewilldependonwhetherthisproblemcan____50____(solve）．【答案】41.a42。They43.its44。harmful45。development46。as47。over48。which49。Whether50。besolved【解析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了宇宙大爆炸后地球的形成，以及地球上各种成分、生物的出现过程。41。“Theearthwasjust___1___cloudofdustafterthe“BigBang”．”考查短语“acloudof”一团、一朵。故填a。42。“Theearthexplodedloudlywithfireandrock.___2___wereintimetoproducemanythings，whichweretomaketheearth’satmosphere。”根据语境可知，这里要填的是代指前面提到的“fireandrock",故填They。43。“Astheearthcooleddown,waterbegantoappearon___3___surface。"根据语境可知,水出现在地球表面.这里应该填地球的所有各形式，且为一个单词,故用it，所有格为its。故填its.44。“Itallowedtheearthtodissolve___4___（harm）gases.”gases为名词，气体，这里的harm修饰名词，应该使用形容词形式,故填harmful.45.“Thisencouragedthe___5___(develop)ofearlyshellfishandfish。"这促进了早期甲壳类动物和鱼类的进化。这里的进化应为名词形式，“thedevelopmentof”…的进化,故填development.46.“Landanimalssuch____6____insects，reptilesanddinosaursappearedaftergreenplantsappeared.”考查固定搭配“suchas"例如，由语境可知此处是列举一些陆地生物，故填as。47。“Smallcleveranimalsspreadall___7___theearth.”考查固定搭配“allover”到处都是,由语境可知地球上到处都是小型智慧生物,故填over。48.“Theyareputtingtoomuchcarbondioxideintotheatmosphere，___8___preventsheatfromescapingfromtheearthintospace.”考查非限制性定语从句。由语境可知,是前文的二氧化碳阻止了热量的流失，故空格处代指二氧化碳的排放，故填which。49.“____9____lifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocomewilldependonwhetherthisproblemcan____10____（solve）．”根据语境可知，这句话的意思为(）生命能在地球上继续存在成百上千万年，要取决于这个问题能否被解决.可知空格处也应该表示“是否"，故填Whether.50.“____9____lifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocomewilldependonwhetherthisproblemcan____10____(solve)．”problem为名词，solve为动词，两者为被动的关系，故填besolved.【名师点睛】在做语法填空一类的题型时，除了要注意文章的时态、语法、固定搭配，有时还要注意紧密联系前后文结构，注意前后文是否有提示性的词语。例如本题的第2题，“Theearthexplodedloudlywithfireandrock。___2___wereintimetoproducemanythings，whichweretomaketheearth'satmosphere."句中提到，地球剧烈爆炸产生了大火和岩石，这些（）及时产生了很多形成大气层的东西。根据前文我们可知,空格处即为前文提到的“fireandrock"因此要代指它们,故填They。四、短文改错(共10处错误；每处1分，共10分)51。增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧）,并在其下面写出该加的词.删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉.修改：在错的词下划一横线，（____）并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1。每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。MybrotherTomwasveryselfishwhenhewasalittleboy。Hedidnotwantsharethingswithotherpeople.Forexample,whenheboughtachocolatecake,heputtheminasecretplacewhereIcouldn'tfind.Thenheateitallbyhimself。Heneverhelpedother.Hesaidheisbusy。Thatis,agameoftennismakinghimverybusy.Hedidnotcareifsomethinghedidmadepeopleangry.Forinstance,ononenightheplayedstrongandloudlymusictillfouro’clockinthemorning.Butheisdifferencenow.Heoftenhelpsgrandmawithhousework，helpsmomwithcookingandhelpshisclassmatewiththeirlessons.【答案】1：第二句want后面加to2:第三句them改为it3:where改为which/that4:第五句other改为others5:第六句is改为was6：第七句making改为made7：第九句on去掉8：loudly改为loudp9:difference改为different10:classmate后加s【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，说了作者在2001年夏天开始阅读英文书籍时的收获和困难,以及解决困难的方法.。1。“Hedidnotwantsharethingswithotherpeople.”考查固定搭配“wanttodostn。",故添加to。2.“Forexample,whenheboughtachocolatecake，heputtheminasecretplacewhereIcouldn’tfind。”这里的巧克力蛋糕只有一个,故用单数的代词来代指,故将them改为it.3.“Forexample,whenheboughtachocolatecake，heputtheminasecretplacewhereIcouldn’tfind。”根据语境可知这里的先行词为secretplace，which引导定语从句的时候,在从句中作主语,宾语或是表语，where引导定语从句时做的是状语，which代place在从句中作find的宾语。故将where改为which/that。4.“Heneverhelpedother。”考查other和others的区分.other其他的,另外的，泛指另一个另一些.others泛指别的，其他人，是other的复数形式。这里指的是其他人，故将other改为others。5.“Hesaidheisbusy。”浏览全文可知文章为一般过去时态，根据时态一致的原则,故将is改为was。6。“Thatis,agameoftennismakinghimverybusy.”agameoftennis与him为主动的关系,且浏览全文可知文章为一般过去时态，根据时态一致的原则，故将making改为made.7.“Forinstance,ononenightheplayedstrongandloudlymusictillfouro'clockinthemorning。"“onenight”表示在一天晚上，前面不需要加介词，故删掉on。8。“Forinstance,ononenightheplayedstrongandloudlymusictillfouro’clockinthemorning。"music为名词，应使用形容词修饰，故将loudly改为loud。9。“Butheisdifferencenow。”这里的“不同”指性质，应使用形容词形式，故将difference改为different。10.“Heoftenhelpsgrandmawithhousework，helpsmomwithcookingandhelpshisclassmatewiththeirlessons.”根据their我们知道不只有一个同学，classmate为可数名词，应该使用复数形式，故将classmate改为classmates。【名师点睛】定语从句中which与where的选择：which引导定语从句的时候，在从句中作主语、宾语或是表语。如：IgrewupinthesmallvillagewhichIwasbornin.（which