关系代词基本用法课件

GrammarTheAttributiveClause(关系代词之基本用法)关系代词基本用法

TheAttributiveClause（定语从句）

1.概念:

在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的句子叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。引导定语从句的词叫做关系词。SheisanEnglishteacherwholikestraveling.定语从句关系词先行词结构：先行词+关系词+定语从句关系代词基本用法SheisanEnglishteacherwholikestraveling.定语从句关系词先行词结构：先行词+关系词+定语从句关系词:1.关系代词:2.关系副词:which﹑that、who﹑whom﹑whosewhen﹑where﹑why2.关系词的三大作用：1）.连接主从句2）.替代先行词（关系词==先行词）3）.在从句中做成分意义关系代词基本用法关系代词先行词从句成分例句who人主语宾语ThemanwhoImettodaytoldmetocomeback.Thereporterwhoistalkingtotheworkerisfamous.whom人宾语ThegirlwhomImetlookslikeLily.that人；物主语宾语SheisthepersonthatIwanttosee.Theboythathasjustlefthereismybrother.which物主语宾语ThisisabookwhichwaswrittenbyHemingway.Thepenwhichyoulentmeislost.whose人；物定语Theroomwhosewindowisredismine.ThisisthescientistwhosenameisJohnNash.关系代词基本用法关系代词の---that

that:

既可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作主语/宾语,且作宾语时可省略.

①Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.

②Thenoodles(that)Icookedweredelicious.

③

Whoisthemanthatisreadingabook?

④Thegirl(that)wesawyesterdaywasBetty.

关系代词基本用法关系代词の---which

which:

指物,在定语从句中作主语or宾语，作宾语时可省略.

①Ilostthebookwhichyougaveme.

②Thisisourschoolwhichisverybeautiful.关系代词基本用法(一)只能用that不能用which

①当先行词是不定代词时all/none/anything/nothing/everythingAllthatcanbedonemustbedone.Weshouldmakeuseofeverythingthatisuseful.关系代词基本用法(一)只能用that不能用which的情形

②当先行词被

all/little/few/much/some/any/no/every

修饰时AllthestudentsthatarestudyinginourclassarefromGuangdongprovince.关系代词基本用法③当先行词被最高级、序数词以及theonly/thevery修饰时ThisistheonlybookthatIcanfindinmydesk.HeistheveryguythatIwanttotalkto.Thefirstthingthatyoushoulddoistoeatsth.(一)只能用that不能用which

关系代词基本用法④当主句前以which/who开头的特殊疑问词时(避免重复)Whoisthegirlthatisstandingoverthere?WhichballistheonethatbelongstoMike?(一)只能用that不能用which的情形

关系代词基本用法(一)只能用that不能用which

5当先行词同时指物和人时,只能用that.Wearetalkingaboutthepeopleandthethingsthatwehavevisitedinthecounty.关系代词基本用法Summary:只能用that的情况1.先行词既有指人又有指物2.当先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级时，有theonly,thevery等修饰时3.先行词是all,much,anything,something,nothing等不定代词时4.主句是以who/which开头的特殊疑问句时关系代词基本用法(二)只能用which不能用that①which可以引导非限制性定语从句，

that不能Therecorder,whichIpaid200dollars,provestobeveryuseful.Peterdrovetoofast,whichwasdangerous.关系代词基本用法②

which之前可以有介词，而that不能Iwillneverforgettheschoolinwhichwestudiedtogether.

Thisisthequestionaboutwhichtheyarediscussing.(二)只能用which不能用that的情形关系代词基本用法who:

指人，在定语从句中作主语，或宾语做主语不能省略关系代词の---who

①Manypeoplewhodiedintheearthquakewerechildren.

②ThepersonwhohaslittlehairisMr.Zhang.关系代词基本用法(二)只能用who不能用that①先行词是one,ones,those,anyone,heHewhodoesn’tworkhardwillnotpasstheexam.关系代词基本用法

whom:指人，在定语从句中作宾语;作及物动词宾语可省略,但在介词后不可省略。

关系代词の---whom①Thegirl(whom)yousawjustnowismysister.②Themanwhomyoujusttalkedto/withisMr.Li.=Themanto/withwhomyoujusttalkedisMr.Li.◆类似的短语搭配有:talkabout/takecareof/lookfor/lookafter/learnfrom/listento等关系代词基本用法(二)只能用whom不能用who当关系代词前有介词时ThegirltowhomIspokeismycousin.关系代词基本用法(二)能位于介词后的关系代词Which

Iwillneverforgettheschoolinwhichwestudiedtogether.whom.ThegirltowhomIspokeismycousin.关系代词基本用法关系代词引导定语从句时，要注意几点：（1）Whom,which作介词宾语时，介词一般可以放在它们的前面，也可以放在从句原来的位置上，但是如果是固定词组，不能把介词和动词拆开{

Thereisaroom

inwhich

youcanstudy.which

youstudy

in.Roseisthestudentwhomyoushouldlookafter/takecareof.关系代词基本用法关系代词who,which,that,在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须和先行词保持一致。Anyonewho__over20canjointhearmy.I,who____

yourfriend,willhelpyou.isam

关系代词基本用法

注意：作宾语时关系代词可省。1.Themanwho/Ø

Imettodaytoldmetocomeback.2.Thegirlwhom/ØImetlookslikeLily.3.Sheisthepersonthat/Ø

Iwanttosee.Thepenwhich/Ø

youlentmeislost.4.Thebestwork________shewroteand_______Ihavereadwillbemadeintofilm.Awhich;thatBthat;thatCthat;/D/;/关系代词基本用法1.ThisisourmonitorwhoseEnglishisverygood.

2.Iborrowedabookfromthelibrarywhosenameis“WarandPeace”.

whose:

既可指人也可指物,在定语从句中作定语关系代词の---whose关系代词基本用法Itisapoordog.Itsheartisbroken.Itisapoordogwhoseheartisbroken.关系代词基本用法Themanisshoutingforhelp.

Hishouseisonfire.Themanwhosehouseisonfireisshoutingforhelp.关系代词基本用法Thegirlisbeingtakentoahospital.Herlegbrokeintheearthquake.Thegirlwhoselegbrokeintheearthquakeistakentoahospital.关系代词基本用法Thisisthebook

whose

coverisblue.Thisisthebook

ofwhich

thecoverisblue.Thisisthebook

thecover

ofwhichisblue.Iknowthegirlwhose

nameisMary.Iknowthegirlofwhom

the

nameisMary.Iknowthegirlthe

name

ofwhom

isMary.关系代词基本用法总结：关系代词的用法成分先行词指人先行词指物主语

Doyouknowtheman___________cametoseeXiaoYangthismorning?Icouldn’tfindthebook___________wasboughtyesterday.宾语Heisaman_______________________weshouldalllearnfrom.Thetable_______________youjustsawismadeofplastics.定语Doyouknowtheboy__________parentsareonholiday?I’veneverbeentotheroom____________windowsarebroken.who/thatwhich/thatwho/that/whomwhich/thatwhosewhose/Ø

/Ø

关系代词基本用法怎样判断用什么关系代词口诀:前看先行词,辩清人或物

后看从句里,有无主宾语关系代词基本用法关于定语从句的难点,和出错点.1.定语从句的从句部分出现代替的内容.ThisisthebookthatIlikeitbest.2.插入语成分.ThebeggarwhoIthinkispoorisinfactrich.从句部分关系代词基本用法定语从句中的主谓一致问题.1.Sheisoneofthegirlswho_____praisedatthemeeting.2.Sheistheonlyoneofthegirlswho_____praisedatthemeeting.(be)

areis5.在先行词缺少的情况下,要用theone来补充它的先行词,然后确定它的关系词Thisisthefactory___________Iworkedlastyear.Thisfactoryis_________________Iworkedlastyear.Thisfactoryis__________________Ivisitedlastyear.where/inwhich

theone

where

theone

that//关系代词基本用法6.与其他从句和句式的区别与where和when引导的状语从句的区别.区别的关键就是:是否有先行词.ThisistheschoolwhereIstudiedmanyyearsago.TherewerealotofsheepwhereIlived.IwillneverforgetthedaywhenIfirstwenttoschool.Wewereabouttostartwhenitbegantorain.

inwhich

onwhich连词;在那里连词;就在那个/就这个时候关系代词基本用法Let'sdosomeexercise!关系代词基本用法1.Thegirl____________isstandingnexttoourteacherisherdaughter.2.Thegirl_________________ourteacheristalkingwithisafamoussinger.3.Thegirl________motherisateachercanspeakEnglish

verywell.4.Ican’tfindthebook____________isborrowedfromthelibrary.5.Ican’tfindthebook________________youlenttome.who/that/Ø

who/whom/that/Ø

whosewhich/thatthat/which/Ø

巩固练习：用适当的关系词填空关系代词基本用法1.Thisisall____Iknowaboutthematter.A.thatB.whatC.whoD.whether2.Isthereanythingelse_____youwant?A.whichB.thatC.whoD.what3.Thelastplace_____wevisitedwastheGreatWall.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.itChoosethebestanswers:关系代词基本用法10.Pleasetakethesecondchair_______isoverthere.A.whereB.whichC.whoD.that

11.Isoxygentheonlygas__helpsfireburn?A.thatB./C.whichD.it12.Finally,thethiefhandedeverything_____hehadstolentothepolice（NMET98’)A.whichB.whatC.whateverD.that关系代词基本用法14.Idon’tlike____youspeaktoher.A.thewayB.thewayinthatC.thewaywhichD.thewayofwhich关系代词基本用法15.Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,

____

wasmorethanweexpected.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.it关系代词基本用法

1.Thisisthebag_____mymotherboughtyesterday.

A.thatB.whoC.whomD.this

2.Iknowthestudent___youborrowedthepen.A.thatB.fromwhomC.fromwhichD.whom3.Isthisthefactory_____alotofstudentsvisitedyesterday?

A.theoneB.whichC.whoD.whom4.Isthisfactory_____alotofstudentsvisitedyesterday?

A.theoneB.thatC.whichD./练一练！关系代词基本用法1.

Theman____Isawtoldmetowait.2.

Themanto_____Ispokewasaforeigner.3.Iknowaboy______fatherisanacrobat.(杂技演员)4.Hesawahouse_____windowswereallbroken.Fillintheblankswithwho,whom,whose,whichandthat.whowhomwhosewhosewhom关系代词基本用法Let'sdosomeexercise!Makesentenceswiththeexpressionsandpictures.关系代词基本用法theship/wasthemostbeautifulintheworldatthattimeTitanicistheship__________________was

themostbeautifulinthewordatthattime.

whichTitanic/that_______