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黑龙江省哈尔滨市五常市2023年考研《英语一》全真模拟试题SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)MymotherspentherchildhoodwithherfatherontheirfarmintheUS.Shelearnedhowtomendfences,plowfields,andmakecheese.Andshelearnedfarmlifedoesn'toffer1rewards,butifyoustickwithit,theeffortandthelongdays2.Mygrandpaspenthislateryearslivingonacomerofthe3,namedCherryRidge,wherethey4ridinghorsestogethereverySaturdaybeforehediedin2012.Sincethattime,thefarmhas5intoCherryRidgeTherapeuticLearningPrograms,acenterforlearning,horsebackridingandcompanionship."Iama'roadscholar',learninginanexperientialway,"Momtoldme."IfeelIwas6witheyestoseetheneedsofa(n)7spirit,"sheadded.Shehaspartneredwitha8calledWorkingtoEmpowerStudentsTogether(WEST),whichhelpsyoungpeoplewithlearningdisabilities,emotionalandbehavioralchallenges,orunstablehomeenvironments.Mom'slatestproject,theFarmDayGriefCamp,was9outofhergrievingafterthe10ofmygrandpa."I'manadultwomanwholostmy11onlysixyearsago,"Momsaid."Thereisnothing12thannatureandanimalstohelpwiththe13process."Thecamp'sfirstvisitorswerefivekidsmourningthelossofa7-year-oldwhodiedofcancer.14includedpaintingandrecallingthechild'sfavoritethings;andaballoonlaunchtheycalledSentimentstoHeaven."Eachcamperwroteonethingtheywishedtheycould15withtheirdeparted(去世的)lovedoneontheir16,"Mom-said.Childrenlivingwithphysicaldisabilitiesarealso17atCherryRidge.Recently,astudentinawheelchairsmiledear-to-earasheledthefarm'sminihorsesaround.Mom'svision18children,ensuringthelessonsshelearnedonthefarmwillbe19foryearstocome.Iknowmygrandpawouldbe20.1、A.goodB.realC.differentD.instant2、A.runoutB.comebackC.gobyD.payoff3、A.farmB.schoolC.townD.country4、A.imaginedB.avoidedC.enjoyedD.missed5、A.developedB.dividedC.lookedD.bumped6、A.unableB.confusedC.giftedD.annoyed7、A.happyB.curiousC.determinedD.hurt8、A.courseB.programC.gameD.product9、A.bornB.readyC.foundD.grown10、A.illnessB.troubleC.lossD.failure11、A.momB.dadC.husbandD.child12、A.betterB.worseC.easierD.stranger13、A.learningB.thinkingC.relaxingD.grieving14、A.TrainingsB.ActivitiesC.MethodsD.Rules15、A.shareB.agreeC.playD.provide16、A.paintingB.balloonC.doorD.book17、A.reliableB.upsetC.cautiousD.welcome18、A.protectsB.challengesC.inspiresD.questions19、A.abandonedB.changedC.preservedD.recognized20、A.worriedB.proudC.thankfulD.surprisedSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1SANFRANCISCO(AP)-SamsungsaysnewGalaxyNote7smartphoneswillbeavailableinU.S.stonesstartingWednesdaytoreplaceabout1milliondevicesthatarebeingrecalledbecausetheirbatteriescancatchfire.TheSouthKoreancompanyhasbeenscramblingtofixproblemscausedbyfaultybatteriesinthelatestversionofitstopofthelinesmartphonewhichfirstwentonsalelastmonth.WhenitfirstofferedonSept.2toreplacetheaffectedNote7phonesSamsungsaiditwouldswapthemformodelsofitsotherphonessuchastheGalaxyS7untilsuppliesofreplacementNote7devicesbecameavailable.SamsungfolloweduplastweekbyannouncingthatU.S.consumerswhohadpurchasedoneoftherecalledphonescouldchoosebetweenareplacementorarefundfrothedevicewhichsellsforabout$850.ThatofferwasjointlyannouncedwithofficialsattheU.S.ConsumerProductSafetyCommissionafterSamsungwascriticizedfornotcoordinatingmorecloselywiththecommission.SafetyofficialshaveurgedNote7ownerstoturnofftheirphonesandreturnthemimmediately.TheycitedreportsofNote7batteriesoverheatingintheUnitedStatesincluding26instanceswhereindividualswereburnedand55thatcausedpropertydamage.Theproblemdoesn’taffectallNote7phonesbecauseSamsungusesbatteriesfromdifferentsuppliers.Butthecompanyhassaidabout2.5milliondevicesmaybeaffectedworldwideincluding1millionsoldintheUnitedStates.Samsungalsosaidit’spushingouttwosoftwareupdatesthroughwirelesscarriers.OnewillshowagreenbatteryicontoconfirmthataNote7deviceisanewonethatdoesn’thavethebatteryproblem.Theotherwilldisplayashortnoticetoownersofolderphonescoveredbytherecalltellingthemtoturnofftheirdeviceandtakeitinforareplacement.AboutaquarterofaffectedphoneshadbeenexchangedintheUnitedStatesbyTuesdayAccordingtoaspokeswomanforSamsung’sU.S.subsidiary.ShewasunabletosayhowmanyNote7buyerssoughtrefundsbutsaid“thevastmajority”receivedadifferentSamsungphoneasareplacement.1、What’swrongwiththeaffectedNote7phones?A.Thepriceofthemistoohigh.B.Theirbatteriescancatchfire.C.Theyaresimilartoiphone7.D.Theyhaveproblemswiththeirearphones.2、WhatcanaU.S.consumerwhohadpurchasedoneoftherecalledphonesdoaccordingtoSamsung’sannouncement?A.Tosellhis/herrecalledphonetoothersforabout$850.B.Tochooseareplacementandarefundforhis/herrecalledphone.C.TousetherecalledphonetoreplaceaGalaxyS7firstandthenoneofthenewNote7devicesforfree.D.Toreturntherecalledphoneandgetareplacementorarefund(about$850)forthedevice.3、HowmanyaffectedphoneshadbeenexchangedintheUnitedStatesbyTuesday?A.About0.625million.B.About0.25million.C.About0.875million.D.About1million.4、Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Atleast81casesofNote7batteriesoverheatingwerereportedintheUnitedStates.B.TheNote7phonessoldinChinaaresafe.C.TheNote7phonesusedbatteriesfromdifferentsuppliersneverhavethe
sameproblems.D.TheGalaxyS7devicesarethesafest.Text2WhenCarsonPalmer,aprofessionalAmericanfootballplayer,hurthisarmafewyearsago,hetookaweekofffromthrowingthefootball.Butinhishead,Palmerpracticedeveryday.Thefollowingweekend,Palmerhadthebestgameofhislife.Formorethanacentury,scientistshavebeentryingtounderstandhowthismentaltrainingworks.Inthe1930s,researchersprovedbyexperimentthatwhenyou'reimagininganaction,yourbrainsendssignalstoyourmuscles(肌肉)whicharetooweaktotightenthemusclesbutmighthelptrainthebodytoperform.Inotherwords,mentalpracticemightcreateapatterninyourhead,likeaninnerhow-toguideforaparticularskill.Sportspsychologistshaveconductedhundredsofstudiescomparingimaginedandphysicalpracticeforactions.Onthewhole,theresearchshowsthatmentaltrainingworks.A2012study,forexample,compared32amateurgolferswhopracticedhittingtheballstoanother32whomerelyheldagolfclubintheirhandsandvisualized(想象)theirswings.Underthesametrainingrules,bothgroupsimprovedtheirskillsbygettingtheballabout4inchesclosertothehole.Visualizationhasadvantagesovertherealthing:Youcandoitanywhere,evenwheninjured.Itissafe-amajorplusforhigh-riskperformerssuchasgymnastsandsurgeons.Andyoucanpracticeforlongerperiodsoftimebecauseyou'renotrestrictedbyphysicaltiredness,That’snottosayit'seasy,we'vehadOlympic-levelathletessittinginourlab,visualizingthemovementsfortwohours,"saysTadhgMacintyre,asportspsychologistattheUniversityofLimerickinIreland.“Whenwe'redone,they’reabsolutelytired.”Itdoesn’tworkforeveryone,though."Ifyou'reanovice,theeffectcanbeharmful,”warnsMacintyre.Ifyou'retryingtovisualizeafreethrow,andyoudon'tevenknowthepropermovement,thenyou'reprobablygoingtomentallypracticethewrongskill.”1、Theauthorintroducesthetopicofthetextby______.A.givinganexampleB.presentinganargumentC.explainingaphenomenonD.makinganassumption2、Whathappenswhenoneisvisualizinganaction?A.Aspecialskillisquicklyacquired.B.AcertainmodelisformedintheheadC.Themusclesgrowincreasinglytense.D.Thebrainsendsstrongmessagestothebody.3、Whatdoestheunderlinedword"novice"inthelastparagraphmean?A.CoachB.SpecialistC.BeginnerD.Judge4、Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Athletesarelikelytowingamesthroughimaginedpractice.B.Practicingashillproperlyinmindcanproduceintendedeffect.C.Practicewhethermentalorphysicalhaitsowncharacteristics.D.Scientistshavefoundasalewayforathletestopracticetheirskills.Text3Fromthelossofwildlifetorisingsealevels,we’reallwellawareoftheproblemsthatclimatechangecouldcause.Butwhileitmayseemlikesuchissueswon’taffectmostofusdirectly,itlookslikefuturegenerationscouldgrowupwithoutsomethingthatmanyofusnowtakeforgranted:chocolate.AccordingtoanessaypublishedbytheUSNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministration,changestotheclimateintheregionsthatproducecacao-theplantfromwhichchocolateisproduced-maymeanthatitwillsoonbecomeextinct.Mostoftheworld’scacaogrowsincountriesclosetotheequator,withoverhalfofitgrowingintheAfricannationsofGhanaandIvoryCoast.It’spredictedthatby2050,climatechangewillhaveacceleratedtherateatwhichtemperaturesinthesecountriesrise,makingitextremelydifficultforcacaotogrowthere.Theproblemdoesn’tlieinincreasedheat,however,butinlowerhumidity(湿度),asit’sbelievedthatrainfallwillstayatthesamelevelifthetemperaturerises.“Inotherwords,ashighertemperaturessqueezemorewateroutofsoilandplants,it’sunlikelythatrainfallwillincreaseenoughtooffsetthemoisture(含水量)loss,”MichonScott,theessay’sauthor,wrote.Tohelpfightthisproblem,researchersfromBerkeleyUniversityintheUSareworkingonchangingtheDNAofcacaoplantstoallowthemtosurviveindryerconditionsbyusinggeneeditingtechnology,accordingtoUSNews.Inthemeantime,UScompanyMars,oneoftheworld’sbiggestmanufacturersofchocolateproducts,announcedinJanuarythatitwouldspend$1billiontohelpreducetheeffectsofclimatechange.“Thisisaworldissue,anditrequireseveryonetoworktogether,”MarsspokespersonBarryParkintoldBusinessInsider.Themessagehereisthatifwealldoourpart,wemaybeabletopreventsomeoftheworstimpactsofclimatechange.Orifwe’reunlucky,chocolatewillbecomeathingofthepast.1、Whatcouldmakeithardforcacaotosurvivearoundtheequatorinthefuture?A.Theincreasedheatthere.B.Thehigherhumiditythere.C.Thedecreaseinrainfallthere.D.Themoisturelossinthesoilthere.2、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“offset”intheseventhparagraphmean?A.holdbackB.makeupforC.protectD.accept3、WhatwillUScompanyMarsdotohelpcacaosurvive?A.Itwillworkhardtoplantcacaoingreenhouses.B.Itwillapplygeneeditingtechnologyinplantingcacao.C.Itwillgivefinancialsupporttohelpfightclimatechange.D.Itwilldevelopcacaothatcansurviveindryerconditions.4、Whatmaybethebesttitleofthistext?A.ChocolatecouldbecomehistoryB.WorktogethertofightclimatechangeC.Howdowegrowcacaointhefuture?D.Howdocacaoplantsaffectclimatechange?Text4Untilrecently,voicecloning—orvoicebanking,asitwasthenknown—wasacustomizedindustrywhichservedthoseatriskoflosingthepowerofspeechtocancerorsurgery.Synthesizing(合成)avoicewasalongandexpensiveprocess.Itmeantrecordingmanyphrases,eachspokenmanytimes,withdifferentthehistoryoftheKidPassblogemotionalemphase(s重音)andindifferentcontexts(statement,question,commandandsoforth),inordertothetipsonwritinggoodarticlesonlinecoverallpossiblepronunciations.Notanymore.Softwareexiststhatcanstorepiecesofrecordedspeechwhichismerelyfivemillisecondslong,eachmarkedwithaprecisepitch(音高).Thesecanbeputtogethertomakenewwords,andadjustedindividuallysothattheyfitharmoniouslyintotheirnewsonichomes.Thisismuchcheaperthanconventionalvoicebanking,andpermitsnovelusestobedeveloped.ThisyearVivoTextplanstoreleaseanappthatletsusersselecttheemphasis,speedandlevelofhappinessorsadnesswithwhichindividualwordsandphrasesareproduced.Mr.Silbertreferstotheemotivequalityofthehumanvoiceas“theultimateinstrument”.Yetthispoweralsotroubleshim.VivoTextlicensesitssoftwaretoHasbro,anAmericantoymakerkeentosellincreasinglyinteractiveplaythings.Hasbroisaware,Mr.Silbertnotes,thatwithoutsafeguardsanaughtychildmight,forexample,typeimpolitewordsonhismother’ssmartphoneinordertoseeayoungersiblingburstintotearsonhearingthemspokenbyatoyusingmum’svoice.Moretroubling,whentestedagainstvoice-biometricssoftwarelikethatusedbymanybankstoblockunauthorizedaccesstoaccounts,morethan80%ofthefakevoicestrickedthecomputer.AlanBlack,oneofFestvox’sdevelopers,thinkssystemsthatrelyonvoice-IDsoftwarearenow“deeply,fundamentallyinsecure”.Dr.Saxenaandhiscolleaguesaskedvolunteersifavoicesamplebelongedtoapersonwhoserealspeechtheyhadjustlistenedtoforabout90seconds.Thevolunteersrecognizedclonedspeechassuchonlyhalfthetime(ie,nobetterthanchance).Theoutcome,accordingtoGeorgePapcun,anexpertwitnesspaidtodetectfakerecordingsproducedasevidenceincourt,istheappearanceofatechnologywith“enormouspotentialvaluefordisinformation”.Asmightbeexpected,countermeasurestorecognizesuchdeception(欺骗)arebeingdeveloped.NuanceCommunications,amakerofvoice-activatedsoftware,isworkingonalgorithms(算法)thatdetecttinyskipsinfrequencyatthepointswhereslicesofspeecharestucktogether.Adobe,bestknownasthemarkerofPhotoshop,animage-editingsoftwaresuite,saysthatitmayadddigitalwatermarkstospeechsynthesizedbyavoice-cloningsoftwarecalledVoCoitisdeveloping.Suchtechnologymayhelpcomputersrecognizesuspiciousspeech.Evenso,itiseasytoimaginethechaosthatmightbecreatedinaworldwhichmakesiteasytoputauthentic-soundingwordsintothemouthsofopponents—betheycolleaguesorheadsofstate.1、Paragraphs1and2aremainlyabout.A.significantelementsinfluencingvoicecloningB.possibleapplicationsofvoicecloninginrealityC.complexitiesofcreatingasyntheticcopyofavoiceD.differencesbetweentraditionalandexistingvoicebanking2、What’sHasbro’sattitudetowardsVivoTest’snewapp?A.Optimistic.B.Conservative.C.Unconcerned.D.Subjective.3、TheexperimentcarriedoutbyDr.Saxenaandhiscolleaguesshowsthatvolunteers.A.identifiedclonedspeechinabout45secondsB.preferredarealspeechtoavoicesampleC.provedonlyalittlehardertofoolthansoftwareD.foundithardtousethesoftwaretorecordtheirvoices4、Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Investmentsshouldbeincreasedtoadvancevoicecloning.B.Long-termmeasuresshouldbetakentopopularizetheideaofvoicecloning.C.Disagreementsamongfirmsaboutthewaytotreatvoicecloningaregettingserious.D.Problemsofvoicecloningareunavoidabledespitetheeffortsthathavebeenmade.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Allthroughhistory,peoplefrommanydifferentcountriesandcultureshavelivedtogetherinBritainTheEnglishlanguage1.(consist)ofthegrammarandvocabularythesepeoplebroughttoBritainThatis2.EnglishhassomanydifficultrulesthatconfusepeopleThedevelopmentofEnglishexperiencedthreeperiods—OldEnglish,MiddleEnglishandModernEnglishFromthe5thtothe9thcenturies,Britainwasoccupiedbydifferentgroupsfromothercountries,whichledtoOldEnglish3.(replace)CelticOldEnglish,a4.(mix)ofdifferentlanguages,differs5.today’sEnglishMiddleEnglishisthename6.(give)totheEnglishusedfromapproximatelythe12thtothe15thcenturiesDuringthisperiod,French,thoughitdidn’treplaceEnglish,stillmademany7.(contribution)toMiddleEnglishModernEnglishappearedinthe16thcentury,8.wentthroughmanychangesduringthisperiodThequestionof9.Englishwillkeeponchanginginthefutureiseasytoanswer10.iscertainthatthisprocesswillcontinueTheDragonBoatFestivalwhichoccursonthefifthdayofthefifthmonthontheChineselunarcalendarisa1.(tradition)holidaythatcommemoratesthelifeanddeathofthefamousChinesescholarQuYuanItisacelebrationwheremanyeatzongziand2.(race)dragonboatsInChina,thefestivalwasalsocelebratedas“Poets’Day”inhonorofQuYuan,who3.(know)asChina’sfirstpoetThelocalpeoplebeganthetraditionofthrowingsacrificialcookedriceintotheriverforQuYuan,4.othersbelievedthatthericewouldpreventthefishesintheriverfrom5.(eat)QuYuan’sbodyAtfirst,thelocalsdecided6.(make)zongziinhopesthatitwouldsinkintotheriverandreachQuYuan’sbodyHowever,thetraditionofwrappingthericeinbamboo7.(leaf)tomakezongzibeganthefollowingyearAdragonboatisahuman-poweredboat8.istraditionallymadeofleakwoodtovariousdesignsandsizesTheyusuallyhave9.(bright)decorateddesignsthatrangeanywherefrom40to100feetinlength,withthefrontendshapedlikeopen-moutheddragons,andthebackendwithascalytailTheboatcanhaveupto80rowerstopowertheboat,dependingonthelengthAsacredceremonyisperformedbeforeanycompetitioninorderto“bringtheboattolife”bypaintingtheeyesThefirstteamtograbaflagattheendofthecoursewins10.raceSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Foroveronehundredandfiftyyears,Americansofallsocialclasseshavewornbluejeans.
1、.Whethertheyarewornforworkorforfashiontoday,Strauss'inventioncontinuestobepopularnotonlyamongAmericansbutalsoamongpeoplearoundtheworld.LevisStrausswasborninGermanyin1829.
2、.HegrewupinKentuckybeforemovingtoNewYorkin1847,
beforebecominganAmericancitizenandmovingtotheWestin1853,Straussworkedinhisbrother'sdrygoodsbusiness.Thisgavehimachancetoproducehisfamousinvention.Afterthegoldrushof1849,StraussdecidedtomovetotheWesttoseekhisfortunes.Straussdidnotwanttobeapersonwhosearchedanareaforminerals.Instead,heknewhecouldmakeagoodlivingbysellingsuppliestotheminers.Atfirst,heplannedtosellsewingsuppliesandcloth.
3、.Whenheheardminerscomplainingthattheirclotheswereeasilybrokenortheyusuallytoretheirpocketsduringmininghedecidedtouseaspecialfabrictomakepantsfortheminers.Thesepantsprovedsopopularthathequicklyranoutofmaterialstomakemore.In1873,StraussreceivedaletterfromaJewishtailornamedJacobDaviswhohadinventedaprocessofconnectingpocketswithcopperrivets(铆钉).Thismadethepantslastalongtime.BecauseDavisdidnothavethemoneytopatenthisidea,heofferedtoshareitwithStraussifStrausswouldagreetopayforthepatent.
4、.BythetimeStraussdiedin1902,hehadmadeagreatcontributiontoAmericanfashion.5、.ThebusinesshasbeengrowingeversinceandLeviStrauss&Companyisnowoneofthelargestclothingcompaniesintheworld.A.Asayoungboy,hemovedwithhisfamilytotheUnitedStates.B.Nobodyknewwhatkindofmaterialwassuitable.C.HedidandLevijeanshavebeenmadewithmetalrivetseversince.D.However,hedidnotgetlunchbusinessfromthoseproducts
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