2022-2023学年江苏省镇江市二七中学高二英语期末试卷含解析

2022-2023学年江苏省镇江市二七中学高二英语期末试卷含解析一、选择题1.Thejobwillbeofferedto____iscapableofperformingitwell.

A.whomever

B.whoever

C.theone

D.nomatterwho参考答案：B略2._______inafriendlyway,theirquarrelcametoanend.A.Beingsettled

B.Settled

C.Settling

D.Havingsettled参考答案：B3.______animportantroleinanewmovie,Andyhasgotachancetobecomefamous.A.Offer

B.Offering

C.Offered

D.Tooffer参考答案：C4.Heprovedhimselfatruegentlemanandthebeautyofhis

wasseenatitsbest

whenheworkedwithothers．A．temper

B．appearance

C．talent

D．character参考答案：D5.

cloninghumanembryosisnotlegalinmanycountries,somescientistsarealreadypushingaheadwithresearchinordertoproduceaclonedhumanbaby.A.As B.If C.Unless D.While参考答案：D6.

“Wherearewegoing,Dad?”,_________TVprogrammeonHunanTV,isgaining_________greatsupportfromtheaudience.

A.the;/

B.a;a

C.a;/

D.the;a参考答案：C7.It'stimeforustobreakupthepartyand________forhome.A.setup

B.setoffC.setabout

D.setdown参考答案：B由“breakuptheparty”知要“动身回家”，setoff“动身；启程”，为固定搭配。setup“建立”；setabout“开始；着手做”；setdown“记下；写下”。8.–MyfriendJacksaidsomethingbadbehindmyback,andIfeelabitsad.

--Well,don’ttakeitseriously;youknow,thereisasayingthatgoes“__________”.

A.Agoodtongueisagoodweapon.

B.Afriendwithoutfaultswillneverbefound.

C.Afriendisneverknowntillamanhasneed.

D.Agoodbookisalighttothesoul.参考答案：B9.Thesuspect

forsomewayofescapingfromthepolicecar,butinvain.

A.showedoff

B.castabout

C.putdownD.turnedaway参考答案：B10.Allthesechangeswillleadto______stronger

andmorepowerfulChina,_______countrythatcansurpriseandenrichourplanet．A.a；a

B．a；the

C．the；a

D．the;the参考答案：A11.Itisreportedthataspacestation________onthemooninyearstocome.A.willbebuilding

B.willbebuilt

C.hasbeenbuilding

D.hasbeenbuilt参考答案：B[2015·安徽卷]考查动词的时态和语态。主语aspacestation是谓语动词build的承受者，用被动语态；时间状语inyearstocome表示的是将来的时间，故用一般将来时。因此本题应用一般将来时的被动语态，故B项正确12.Whenhewasyoung，heusedtohardathislessons.A.devotetoworking

B.devotehimselftoworkC.bedevotedtowork

D.bedevotedtoworking参考答案：D13.Tonylentmethemoney,______thatI’ddoasmuchforhim.A.hoping

B.tohope

C.hoped

D.havinghoped参考答案：A14.Itistimethatwe____readyforthefinalexamination.A.got

B.get

C.willget

D.wouldget参考答案：A略15.Ifyouhaveanydoubtsaboutyourhealth,you'dbetter________yourdoctoratonce.A.convince

B.consult

C.avoid

D.affect参考答案：B[2015·天津卷]考查动词辨析。句意：如果你对你的健康有任何怀疑，你最好马上咨询你的医生。convince说服；consult请教，咨询；avoid避免；affect影响16.___________thenews,sofar,hasbeengood,theremaybedaysaheadwhenitisbad.

A.While B.When C.As D.Since参考答案：A略17.Letthenegativefeelingsgothatwemighthavetotolerate______.A.though B.howeverC.otherwise D.regardless参考答案：C【详解】考查副词辨析。句意：让我们不得不忍受的负面情绪也消失吧。A.though尽管；B.however然而；C.otherwise亦；D.regardless不管怎样。分析句子可知，negativefeelings为先行词，在后面的定语从句中作tolerate的宾语。otherwise“亦”修饰动词go，且符合句意。故C选项正确。二、新的题型18.Couldwehavezerodeathsonourroads?Carsthatcanthinkforthemselveshaveclearadvantages_21_flesh-and-blooddrivers.Theydon'tgetdrunkordrowsy,daydreamorgetdistractedbymobilephones.Humanerrorcausesover90percentofthesecollisions.Driverlesscars,which_22_senseothervehiclesontheroadaswellasobstaclesandlanemarkings（车道标记）,arealreadyprovingmuchsaferthanhuman-drivencars.IntrialsofGoogle'sautonomousPriusfleetinSiliconValleyinCalifornia,theonlyaccidents_23_(cause)byhumanerror.Howareinnovationslikethesedesigned?Andhowsafeisit_24_(put)yourlifeinthehandsofanautonomousvehiclethatmakesallyourdecisionsforyou?DriverlesscarsuseamixofGPS,cameras,complexscannersandsensorstodetectvehicles,trafficsignals,curbs,pedestriansand_25_obstacles."Acentralcomputersystemanalyzesthedatatocontrolacceleration,steeringandbraking,"saysOlivierSappin,VPofTransportation&MobilityatDassaultSystemes—thesoftwarecompanywhose3DEXPERIENCEplatformandindustrysolutionsareusedbymotormanufacturerstodesign,produceandmaintaindriverlesscars.Thesoftwarecansimulatedifferenteventualities（可能发生的事情）toensuresafetyontheroad—andtheresultscanbeincorporated（被包含）intothedesignandproductionprocess.Aswellas_26_(detect)theirsurroundingsusingultra-sophisticatedmappingsystems,futurecarswillbeabletocommunicatewitheachother,_27_(allow)asmanycarsaspossibletofitontheroads._28_(connect)vehicleswillfeaturesafetywarningsthatalertdriversofpotentiallydangerousconditions—impending（迫在眉睫的）collisions,icyroadsanddangerouscurves.Expertssayit'snotthetechnologyholdingusback,butlegalandpracticalissuessuchaswhoisresponsibleinthecaseofanaccident,urbanplanningandthesecurityofcarcomputersystems._29_thesedetailsareworkedout,andmotormanufacturershaveusedsophisticatedsoftwaretoolstoeliminateallpotentialproblems,itwon'tbelong_30_we'reallalotsaferontheroads.参考答案：21.over 22.can 23.werecaused 24.toput 25.other26.detecting 27.allowing 28.Connected 29.Once 30.until三、阅读理解19.Morethanadecadeago,cognitivescientistsJohnBransfordandDanielSchwartz,boththenatVanderbiltUniversity,foundthatwhatdistinguishedyoungadultsfromchildrenwasnottheabilitytoretainfactsorapplypriorknowledgetoanewsituationbutaqualitytheycalled“preparationforfuturelearning.”Theresearchersaskedfifthgradersandcollegestudentstocreatearecoveryplantoprotectbaldeaglesfromextinction.Shockingly,thetwogroupscameupwithplansofsimilarquality(althoughthecollegestudentshadbetterspellingskills).Fromthestandpointofatraditionaleducator,thisoutcomeindicatedthatschoolinghadfailedtohelpstudentsthinkaboutecosystemsandextinction,majorscientificideas.Theresearchersdecidedtogodeeper,however.Theyaskedbothgroupstogeneratequestionsaboutimportantissuesneededtocreaterecoveryplans.Onthistask,theyfoundlargedifferences.Collegestudentsfocusedoncriticalissuesofinterdependencebetweeneaglesandtheirhabitats.Fifthgraderstendedtofocusonfeaturesofindividualeagles(“Howbigarethey?”and“Whatdotheyeat?”).Thecollegestudentshadcultivatedtheabilitytoaskquestions,thecornerstone(最重要部分)ofcriticalthinking.Theyhadlearnedhowtolearn.Museumsandotherinstitutionsofinformallearningmaybebettersuitedtoteachthisskillthanelementaryandsecondaryschools.AttheExploratoriuminSanFrancisco,werecentlystudiedhowlearningtoaskgoodquestionscanaffectthequalityofpeople'sscientificinquiry.Wefoundthatwhenwetaughtparticipantstoask“Whatif?”and“Howcan?”questionsthatnobodypresentwouldknowtheanswertoandthatwouldsparkexploration，theyengagedinbetterinquiryatthenextexhibit-askingmorequestions,performingmoreexperimentsandmakingbetterinterpretationsoftheirresults.Specifically,theirquestionsbecamemorecomprehensiveatthenewexhibit.Ratherthanmerelyaskingaboutsomethingtheywantedtotry，theytendedtoincludebothcauseandeffectintheirquestion.Askingjuicyquestionsappearstobeatransferableskillfordeepeningcollaborativeinquiryintothesciencecontentfoundinexhibits.Thistypeoflearningisnotconfinedtomuseumsorinstitutionalsettings.Informallearningenvironmentstoleratefailurebetterthanschools.Perhapsmanyteachershavetoolittletimetoallowstudentstoformandpursuetheirownquestionsandtoomuchgroundtocoverinthecurriculum.Butpeoplemustacquirethisskillsomewhere,Oursocietydependsonthembeingabletomakecriticaldecisionsabouttheirownmedicaltreatment,say,orwhatwemustdoaboutglobalenergyneedsanddemands.Forthat,wehaveaninformallearningsystemthatgivesnogrades,takesallcomers，andisavailableevenonholidaysandweekends.43.Whatistraditionaleducatorsinterpretationoftheresearchoutcomementionedinthefirstparagraph?A.Studentsarenotabletoapplypriorknowledgetonewproblems.B.Collegestudentsarenobetterthanfifthgraderinmemorizingfacts.C.Educationhasnotpaidenoughattentiontomajorenvironmentalissues.D.Educationhasfailedtoleadstudentstothinkaboutmajorscientificideas.44.Collegestudentsaredifferentfromchildreninthat_____?A.theyhavelearnedtothinkcritically.B.theyareconcernedaboutsocialissues.C.theyarecuriousaboutspecificfeatures.D.theyhavelearnedtoworkindependently.45.Whatisthebenefitofaskingquestionswithnoreadyanswers?A.Itarousesstudents’interestinthingsaroundthem.B.Itcultivatesstudents’abilitytomakescientificinquiries.C.Ittrainsstudents’abilitytodesignscientificexperiments.D.Ithelpsstudentsrealizenoteveryquestionhasananswer.46.Attheendofthepassagetheauthorseemstoencourageeducatorsto____.A.trainstudentstothinkabout