北京市第四十四中学高三英语下学期第三次模拟测试试题（含解析）

北京市第四十四中学2021届高三英语下学期第三次模拟测试试题（含解析）试卷满分100分，时间90分钟第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15）AsIwatchedthebusdriversetmyluggageonthesidewalk,Irealizedmyanxietyhadbegun.Thiswasmyfirstvisittotheinternationalairport,andnothingwas___1___.Icouldnotmakesenseofanyofthesigns.Ihadbeeninthiscountryforawholeterm,butIcouldnotevenrecognizethebasiccharacters.Ibeganto___2___.IhadtofindhelpbecauseIcouldnotbelate!Fortunately,another___3___arrivedandthepassengerscameout.Idraggedmysuitcasebehindmeandfollowedthegroup.Wefinallyreachedtheelevators.Oh,no!Theyallfitinit,buttherewasnotenough___4___forme.Iwatchedindespairastheelevatordoorsclosed.Igotontheelevatorwhenitreturnedandstaredatallthebuttons.Ipressedbutton3.I___5___nervouslywhenIsteppedoutoftheelevator.TearsformedinmyeyesasIsawthedesertedlobby(大厅)and___6___thatIcouldn’tfindtheinspectioncounter.Justthenanairportemployeeappeared.HesawthatIwas___7___andaskedifhecouldhelp.HegavemehishandkerchieftodrymyeyesasIrelatedmydifficultsituation.Hesmiledkindly,and___8___medownalonghallway.Wewalkedupsomestairs,linesofpeopleandpushedmyluggagetotheinspectioncounter.WhenIturnedtothankhimforallhishelp,hewasgone.Iwillneverknowthatkindman’sname,butIwillalways___9___hisunexpectedpoliteness.HehelpedmewhenIneededitthemost.IcanonlyhopethatonedayIwillbeabletodothesameforanother___10___whoissufferingthroughaterriblejourney.1.A.new B.familiar C.beautiful D.difficult2.A.panic B.wonder C.regret D.dream3.A.bus B.train C.plane D.car4.A.time B.money C.air D.room5.A.brokedown B.camein C.lookedaround D.droppedby6.A.revealed B.responded C.recalled D.realized7.A.busy B.hurt C.lost D.bored8.A.followed B.raced C.led D.pushed9.A.report B.remember C.explain D.suggest10.A.pilot B.traveler C.worker D.driver【答案】1.B2.A3.A4.D5.C6.D7.C8.C9.B10.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在国际机场候机楼迷路，得到好心工作人员帮助的故事。【1题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他是我第一次去国际机场，一切都不熟悉。A.new新的；B.familiar熟悉的；C.beautiful漂亮的；D.difficult困难的。根据前文“Thiswasmyfirstvisittotheinternationalairport”可知，因为作者第一次去国际机场，一切不熟悉。故选B。【2题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始恐慌起来。A.panic恐慌；B.wonder想知道；C.regret后悔；D.dream做梦。根据前文“Ihadbeeninthiscountryforawholeterm,butIcouldnotevenrecognizethebasiccharacters.(我在这个国家待了整整一个学期，但我连最基本的汉字都认不出来。)”可知，因为对周边情况不熟悉，所以作者开始恐慌起来。故选A。【3题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，另一辆公共汽车来了，乘客们都出来了。A.bus公交车；B.train火车；C.plane飞机；D.car小汽车。根据前文“AsIwatchedthebusdriversetmyluggageonthesidewalk,Irealizedmyanxietyhadbegun.”可知，此处指另一辆公交车来了。故选A。【4题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们都到电梯里去了，但没有足够的地方给我。A.time时间；B.money钱；C.air空气；D.room空间，地方。根据后文“Iwatchedindespairastheelevatordoorsclosed.”可知，作者绝望地看着电梯门关上，由此可知，此处指电梯里没有足够的空间了。故选D。【5题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我一走出电梯就紧张地向四周看了看。A.brokedown崩溃；Bcamein进来；C.lookedaround环顾四周；D.droppedby拜访。根据前文“butIcouldnotevenrecognizethebasiccharacters.”和后文“…nervouslywhenIsteppedoutoftheelevator”可知，因为作者对一切不熟悉，所以出电梯时，紧张地向四周看了看。故选C。【6题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我看到空无一人的大厅，意识到我找不到海关检查柜台时，我的眼睛里涌出了泪水。A.revealed揭露；B.responded回应；C.recalled回忆；D.realized意识到。根据后文“Icouldn’tfindtheinspectioncounter.”可知，此处指作者意识到自己找不到海关检查柜台。故选D。【7题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他看出我迷路了，就问我是否需要帮助。A.busy忙碌的；B.hurt受伤的；C.lost迷路的；D.bored无聊的。根据前文“Icouldn’tfindtheinspectioncounter.”可知，因为作者找不到海关检查柜台，由此可知，作者迷路了。故选C。【8题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他和蔼地笑了笑，领着我走过一条长长的走廊。A.followed跟随；B.raced参加比赛；C.led带领；D.pushed推。根据后文“Wewalkedupsomestairs,linesofpeopleandpushedmyluggagetotheinspectioncounter.”可知，那个员工领着作者走过一条长长的走廊，到了海关检查处。故选C。【9题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我永远也不会知道那个善良的人的名字，但我将永远记住他出乎意料的礼貌。A.report报道；B.remember记得；Cexplain解释；D.suggest建议。根据前文“Iwillneverknowthatkindman’sname”和转折连词but可知，虽然作者不知道那个善良的人的名字，但作者记住了他的礼貌。故选B。【10题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我只能希望有一天，我也能为另一个正在经历可怕旅程的旅行者做同样的事情。A.pilot飞行员；B.traveler旅行者；C.worker工人；D.driver司机。根据后文“whoissufferingthroughaterriblejourney.”可知，此处指的是旅行者。故选B。第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Mrs.Baileywasimportantintheeducationaljourneythatcarriedmethroughschoolandintomyprofession.UntilIjoinedherclass,Ihadn’tbelievedinmyabilityasawriter.She___11___(persuade)metojointhepoetrysocietyandlitinmeafireforliterature.Sherecognised___12___(I)potentialandshowedmethatIcouldwritewithcreativityandenthusiasm.Becauseoftheconfidencesheinspiredinme,I’vecarvedouta___13___(success)professionasajournalist.【答案】11.persuaded12.my13.successful【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Mrs.Bailey对作者的影响。【11题详解】考察时态。句意：她说服我加入诗社，点燃了我对文学的热情。结合上下文的时态和本句句意，这里表示的是过去发生过的事，所以用一般过去时。故填persuaded。【12题详解】考查形容词性物主代词。句意：她发现了我的潜力，并向我展示了我可以充满创造力和热情地写作。potential在句中作动词recognize的宾语，是名词，前面的代词应该用形容词性物主代词修饰。故填my。【13题详解】考查形容词。句意：因为她激发了我的信心，我在记者行业闯出了一番天地。profession意为“职业”，是名词，需要形容词来修饰。故填successful。B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Someuniversitystudentscarriedoutacampaign___14___theycelebratedtheirwholedaywithoutcellphones.Thismovewastoimprovetheirrelationshipswiththeirnearanddearonesandtokeepthemawayfromthevirtual(虚拟的)life.___15___(study)indicatethatamajorityofyoungpeopleusedtheirphonesduringlessons,overfamilymealsorevenatthecinema.Theproblemofphoneaddiction(成瘾)hasbeenobservedsinceafewyearsago,withexpertsandpsychologists___16___(try)toincreaseawarenessaboutthisproblem.【答案】14.where15.Studies16.trying【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是一些大学生为了戒掉瘾而开展的一项活动。【14题详解】考查定语从句。句意：一些大学生开展了一项活动，他们在没有的情况下度过一整天。分析句子结构可知，这里是定语从句，先行词是acampaign，定语从句中缺少地点状语，故填where。【15题详解】考查名词复数。句意：研究表明，大多数年轻人在上课、与家人吃饭甚至看电影时都使用。分析句子成分，这里是在句中作主语，应用名词，结合谓语动词indicate，没有用第三人称单数形式，说明主语是复数。而且因为是在句首，故填Studies。【16题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：上瘾的问题在几年前就已经被发现了，专家和心理学家努力提高人们对这个问题的认识。分析句子结构可知，在“with+宾语+宾语补足语”结构中，try是作宾语补足语，它跟宾语之间是主动关系，所以要用现在分词。故填trying。C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Thetigershark___17___(consider)tobeoneofthemostdangeroussharksintheworld.Whyaretigersharkssodangerous?First,theyliketolive___18___waterswherehumansusuallyswim,sothechancesofanencounter(遭遇)aremuchgreater.Second,tigersharksaresostrongandaggressivethattheycan___19___(easy)hitaperson.Andthird,tigersharkshaveteethperfectly____20____(design)forcuttingtheirfood,soitiscertainthatthedamagewillbedisastrous.【答案】17.isconsidered/hasbeenconsidered18.in19.easily20.designed【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为什么虎鲨如此危险。【17题详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：虎鲨被认为是世界上最危险的鲨鱼之一。这是一个客观事实可以用一般现在时，或者这是到目前为止一种认知，所以也可以用现在完成时。主语是thetigershark，是单数形式，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。而且虎鲨跟认为之间是被动关系，所以也要用被动语态。故填isconsidered/hasbeenconsidered。【18题详解】考察介词。句意：首先，它们喜欢生活在人类经常游泳的水域，所以遇到它们的几率要大得多。虎鲨生活在水里，要用介词in。故填in。【19题详解】考察副词。句意：第二，虎鲨是如此的强壮和有攻击性，它们可以轻易地攻击一个人。hit是动词，修饰动词要用副词，故填easily。【20题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：第三，虎鲨有完美的设计来切割它们的食物牙齿，所以肯定会造成灾难性的破坏。分析句子结构可知，这里“设计来切割食物”是在句中作teeth的定语，design跟teeth之间是被动关系，所以要用过去分词。故填designed。第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）AIfyou’relookingtobuyagiftforyourchildren,whynotkeepupwiththetrendandgetthebesthoverboard?WhatisaHoverboard?Ahoverboardisatwowheeledpersonaltransportationdevice.It’selectrical,portableandbecamehighlypopularin2015inreferencetoapopular1980’smovie.Typically,thisselfbalancingdeviceoperateslikeapoweredskateboard.HowDoesaHoverboardWork?Thedevicemayhavemanydesigns,butthemechanismitselfisn’tplicated.Basically,astandardhoverboardcontains:•Battery:storestheelectricalpower.Almostallhoverboardsuseahighwattlithiumionbattery.•Gyroscope(oneforeachwheel):allowsriderstotilt(倾斜)thehoverboardwhilemaintainingbalanceandadjustingtheirdirection.•Motor(oneineachwheel):providesthepowertothewheelstokeeptheriderbalancedandupright.•Logicboard:functionsasthehoverboardbrain.Itprocessesdata—yourspeed,tilt,etc.—andsendsinformationtothemotors.Thisunitcontrolsthepoweroftheboardsoriderscanadjusttheirspeed.Alltheaboveponentsworktogethertocontrolthepowerandtiltofthehoverboardssotheriderisbalanced,uprightandmovingatacontrolledspeed.WhyBuyaHoverboard?Undoubtedly,hoverboardsarecool.You’veprobablyseenkidsridingonearoundthehouse.They’reaphenomenonandeverybodywantsin.So,whydenyyourkidsandpreventthemfrombeingpartofthistrend?Whereisahoverboardlegal?Despitetheirwildpopularity,hoverboardshaveyettobee“streetlegal”.Currently,someplacesprohibitanyoneunder16fromusingthesedevices,andhoverboardsarebannedinacademicinstitutionsandpublicplaces,likecampusbuildings,parks,shoppingmallsandsubwaystations.Someplaceshavealsoputspeedlimitsonthedevicesandrestrictedtheirusetobikepaths.However,openareas—includingyouryard—arefreeoftheserestrictions.21.Thelogicboardofahoverboardcan______.A.storeelectricityB.powerthewheelsC.sendinformationtotheridersD.receivedataandgivemand22.Accordingtothepassage,ahoverboardcanbeused______.A.oncampus B.inparksC.onbikepaths D.inshoppingmalls23.Whatisthemainpurposeofthispassage?A.Toevaluateagift’squality.B.Toremendagiftchoice.C.Toparenewhoverboardmodels.D.Toclarifyfunctionsofthelatesthoverboards.【答案】21.D22.C23.B【解析】【分析】这是一则推荐类的广告。文章主要介绍了悬滑板（平衡车）的相关情况。【21题详解】细节理解题。由•Logicboard部分中的Itprocessesdata—yourspeed,tilt,etc.—andsendsinformationtothemotors.Thisunitcontrolsthepoweroftheboardsoriderscanadjusttheirspeed.可知，它处理数据——你的速度、倾斜度等——并将信息发送给电动机。这个装置控制着滑板的力量，所以骑手们可以调整他们的速度。由此我们可以判断logicboard可以接收数据，并发出指令。故选D项。【22题详解】细节理解题。由最后一段中的Currently,someplacesprohibitanyoneunder16fromusingthesedevices,andhoverboardsarebannedinacademicinstitutionsandpublicplaces,likecampusbuildings,parks,shoppingmallsandsubwaystations.可知，目前，一些地方禁止16岁以下的人使用这些设备，学术机构和公共场所也禁止使用悬滑板（平衡车），比如校园建筑、公园、购物中心和地铁站。选项A校园，B公园，D购物中心都被排除。故选C项。【23题详解】推理判断题。由第一段中的Ifyou’relookingtobuyagiftforyourchildren,whynotkeepupwiththetrendandgetthebesthoverboard?可知，如果你想给你的孩子买礼物，为什么不紧跟潮流，买最好的悬滑板（平衡车）呢？由此可知，这篇文章是帮大家推荐一款给孩子的礼物。故选B项。【点睛】解目的意图类的推理判断题，一般是结合首段或者末段，就可以找到文章的目的意图。如第3小题，问文章的目的是什么，我们结合第一段中的Ifyou’relookingtobuyagiftforyourchildren,whynotkeepupwiththetrendandgetthebesthoverboard?可知，如果你想给你的孩子买礼物，为什么不紧跟潮流，买最好的悬滑板（平衡车）呢？由此可知，这篇文章是帮大家推荐一款给孩子的礼物。故选B项。BGrowingup,DekaIsmailsayssheletlabelsdefinewhatshecouldbe.“Iwasablackgirl,fromarefugee(难民)family,”Dekasaid.“ItwasasifIwasonlyallowedtoexploreinthispredeterminedbox.”Afterahighschoolchemistryclassinspiredhertothinkaboutacareerinscienceandgaveherconfidenceinthefield,Dekalearnedtoliveoutsidelabelsandbeganmakingbigplansforherfuture.NowsheisabouttobeginherfreshmanyearattheUniversityofCalifornia,planningtobeeaprofessor.BornandraisedinSanDiego’sCityHeightsneighbourhood.DekaisthedaughterofaSomalirefugeecouple.WhilesomemightsayDeka’ssuccesshappenedinspiteofherbackground,shewouldsaydifferently,thatherexperiencesshapedherandinspiredhertobethedriven,youngscientistthatsheistoday.WhenDekawaseightyearsold,hermothergotajobbystudyinghardbackinschoolinordertosupportthewholefamily.ThatmadeDekarealizethateducationcouldmakeadifferencetoone’slife.Shespentalotoftimeinthelibraryreadingbooks,anddidn’tdomanyofthethingsherpeersdid,likepartyingorhavingromanticrelationships.“IalwaysfeltlikeIhadtobetheperfectgirlformyfamily,”Dekasaid.“Youhavetonotevendoyourbestbuttwotimesbetterthaneveryoneelse.Ifeltlikethewholeworldwaswaitingformetomessup.”Deka’seffortspaidoff.Thesummerbeforehersenioryearofhighschool,shewasacceptedtotheAmericanChemicalSocietyProjectSEEDProgramme.“Shebroughtbothenthusiasmandfocus,”Botham,aresearcheratthisresearchinstitute,recalled.“Shearrivedeverydayreadytowork,readytolearnandreadytotacklenewchallengesregardlessofwhetherornotshehaddoneanythingsimilar.”Whenaskedwhatadviceshewouldgivetootherslikeher,Dekawarnedthemnottounderestimatethemselves.“Don’ttellyourselfthatscholarshipistoobigorthisprogrammeistoopetitiveorI’llnevergetintothisschool,”shesaid.“IwasnotsurewhetherIcouldmakeituntilIstartedseeingtheacceptancelettersrollingin.”24.Fromthepassagewecanlearnthat________.A.DekawasadoptedbyarefugeefamilyB.DekaspentalotoftimegoingtopartiesC.DekabecameaprofessoraftergraduationD.Deka’sexperiencesdrovehertoworkhard25.Dekarealizedtheimportanceofeducation_______.A.fromhermother’sexperience B.afterherchemistryclassC.byreadingbooksinthelibrary D.throughworkingattheinstitute26.Whatdoesthestoryintendtotellus?A.Lifeisnotallroses. B.Practicemakesperfect.C.Wellbegunishalfdone. D.Hardworkleadstosuccess.【答案】24.D25.A26.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。DekaIsmail是一名来自难民家庭的黑人女孩，但是她通过不懈努力打破了标签，现在她即将开始她在加州大学的一年级，计划成为一名教授。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句中的“herexperiencesshapedherandinspiredhertobethedriven,youngscientistthatsheistoday”(她的经历塑造了她，激励她成为像今天这样有动力的年轻科学家)可知，Deka的经历促使她努力工作。故选D。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段第一句和第二句“WhenDekawaseightyearsold,hermothergotajobbystudyinghardbackinschoolinordertosupportthewholefamily.ThatmadeDekarealizethateducationcouldmakeadifferencetoone’slife.”(Deka8岁的时候，为了养家糊口，母亲回到学校努力学习，找了一份工作。这让Deka意识到教育可以改变一个人的生活。)可知，Deka从她母亲的经历中意识到教育的重要性。故选A。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据倒第二段第一句“Deka’seffortspaidoff.”(Deka的努力得到了回报。)和最后一句“Shearrivedeverydayreadytowork,readytolearnandreadytotacklenewchallengesregardlessofwhetherornotshehaddoneanythingsimilar.”(她每天到的时候都做好了工作、学习和应对新挑战的准备，不管她是否做过类似的事情。)可知，这个故事是为了告诉我们努力工作是成功之道。故选D。CRegardlessofhowfamoustheyare,anddespitethestartreatmenttheyreceive,manycelebritiesmakeitapointtogivebacktocharities.Somehaveevensetuptheirownprivatefoundations.Theirwidelypublicisedvisitstotroubledareasoftheworldhelptoraiseawarenessofissuessuchasfamineandpoverty.AccordingtoJaneCooperofUnicefUK,celebritieshaveauniqueabilitytoreachhugenumbersofpeople,manyofwhommightnototherwisebeengagedincharitablecauses.Shepointedoutthatfamousfaceshadplayedasignificantroleinraisingfundsinrecentyears,andtheirenergieshadproducedtangibleresults,suchasenablingmillionsofchildreninpoorercountriestoattendschool.Butinspiteofthesesuccessesthereisevidencetosuggestthatcelebrityendorsement(代言)maybeoverrated.Inasurveyofmembersofthepublictofindoutifcelebrityinvolvementwouldencouragepeopletodonate,researchersfoundthattheimpactwasnotasgreataspreviouslythought.Whenshownalistofwellknownorganisationsandfamouspeoplewhorepresentthem,overhalfofrespondentswereunabletomatchthecelebritywiththecause.What’smore,threequartersclaimedthattheydidn’trespondtocelebrityendorsementinanyway.Thesurveyalsoshowedthatafewnamesdidstandoutasbeingassociatedwithparticularcharities.Butthepresenceofacelebrityinacampaign,wasnotasignificantfactorwhenitcametoadecisiontodonatetimeormoney.Instead,themajorityofpeoplecontributebecauseofpersonalconnectionsintheirlivesandfamilieswhichmakeacharityimportanttothem.Inanotherstudyaimedatyoungpeople,mostparticipantscitedapelling(无法抗拒的)missionastheirmainmotivationtogive.Thesecondmostimportantincentivewasifafriendorpeerremendedsupportingaparticularcause.Onlytwopercentofrespondentssaidtheyweremotivatedbycelebrityendorsement.Thisseemstocontradictthegeneralassumptionthatteenagersareparticularlyinfluencedbyfamouspeople.Onepossibleexplanationisthatthereisageneralfatigue(疲倦)withcelebrityculture.Thereisalsoasuspicionthatthestarsaretheonewhobenefitmostwhentheyoffertodocharitywork.Somecriticshaveaccusedthatcelebritiesmightactuallytakeattentionawayfromissuesbyattractingmoreattentionthanthecausestheyrepresent.Sotakingalltheseissuesintoaccount,isittimeforcharitiestorethinktheircampaignstrategiesandlookforalternativewaystoreachnewaudiences?Whicheverpointofviewyoufavour,thereseemstobeopportunitiesformoreresearchintohowcharitycampaignsmightdeveloprelationshipswithcelebritiestomaximisetheirpotential.Thisinturnwillopenupmoreengagement,andbettertargetedcampaignswhichcanonlybenefitthosewhoreallymatter—thepeopleandanimalsthatareinneedofassistance.27.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“tangible”inparagraphIprobablymean?A.Definite. B.plicated. C.Limited. D.Temporary.28.Accordingtothepassage,mostpeoplecontributetocharitiesbecause________.A.theygainbenefitfromthecharitiesB.theyareforcedtofinishanecessarytaskC.theybelieveinthefamouspeopletheylikeD.theyareinspiredbythepeoplearoundthem29.Thethirdparagraphismainlyabout________.A.whatcelebritiesachieveindoingcharitiesB.HowyoungpeoplereacttocelebritycultureC.whyyoungpeoplearehardlyinfluencedbycelebritiesD.whoistoblamefortakingattentionawayfromcharities30.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardscelebritydoingcharities?A.Objective. B.Positive.C.Negative. D.Unclear.【答案】27.A28.D29.C30.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要分析了名人做慈善的利与弊。【27题详解】词句猜测题。第一段划线词所在句“Shepointedoutthatfamousfaceshadplayedasignificantroleinraisingfundsinrecentyears,andtheirenergieshadproducedtangibleresults,suchasenablingmillionsofchildreninpoorercountriestoattendschool.(她指出，名人近年来在筹集资金方面发挥了重要作用，他们的精力产生了切实的成果，比如让贫困国家的数百万儿童上学)”中的“suchasenablingmillionsofchildreninpoorercountriestoattendschool”部分表明，名人们在慈善方面的努力取得了实在的成果，所以可以推测tangible意为“切实的，实在的”。A.Definite.确切的；B.plicated.复杂的；C.Limited.有限的；D.Temporary.暂时的。所以A选项和划线词词义最接近，B、C、D都不符合。故选A项。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Instead,themajorityofpeoplecontributebecauseofpersonalconnectionsintheirlivesandfamilieswhichmakeacharityimportanttothem.(相反，大多数人捐款是因为他们生活和家庭中的私人关系，这使得慈善对他们很重要)”可知，大多数人向慈善机构捐款是因为他们受到周围人的鼓舞。故选D项。【29题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“Onlytwopercentofrespondentssaidtheyweremotivatedbycelebrityendorsement.Thisseemstocontradictthegeneralassumptionthatteenagersareparticularlyinfluencedbyfamouspeople.(只有2%的受访者说他们受到名人代言的激励。这似乎与一般的假设相矛盾，即青少年特别容易受到名人的影响)”可知，与一般的假设相反的是，青年人几乎不会受到名人的影响，余下内容“Onepossibleexplanationisthat…Thereisalsoasuspicionthat…Somecriticshaveaccusedthat…”则主要讲述了原因，所以第三段主要讲述青少年几乎不受名人影响的原因。故选C项。【30题详解】推理判断题。文章前面主要讲述了名人做慈善带来的切实的成果以及被夸大的现象，最后一段“Sotakingalltheseissuesintoaccount,isittimeforcharitiestorethinktheircampaignstrategiesandlookforalternativewaystoreachnewaudiences?...Thisinturnwillopenupmoreengagement,andbettertargetedcampaignswhichcanonlybenefitthosewhoreallymatter—thepeopleandanimalsthatareinneedofassistance.(因此，考虑到所有这些问题，慈善机构是否应该重新考虑他们的竞选策略，寻找其他途径来接触新的受众？……这反过来又会促进更多的参与和更有针对性的运动——这只会让真正重要的人受益——那些需要援助的人和动物)”提出慈善机构应该多方考虑，最终目的是使得真正需要的人或动物受益。所以作者是以客观的态度来分析名人做慈善这件事。A.Objective.客观的；B.Positive.积极的；C.Negative.消极的；D.Unclear.不清楚的。故选A项。DEffectivemonitoringofendangeredspeciesiskeytotheirsurvival.Studyingthemovement,rangeandhabitsofwildanimalsisessentialinordertoensuretheirhabitatremainsfreefrompoachers(偷猎者)anddevelopment.Traditionalmethodsofmonitoringwildanimals,especiallylargeones,includeradiotagging.Todothis,individualanimalsmustatfirstbecapturedsothatcollarsortagscanbefitted.OneorganisationthatadoptedthistechniquewasWildTrack.Inthelate1990s,theteamwasusingradiocollarstomonitorblackrhinoinNamibia.However,theteamsoonrealisedthatthechemicalsusedtoimmobilizetherhinoinordertofitthecollarshadanegativeimpactonfemalefertility.Notonlythatbutalargeproportionoftheradiocollarsfailedwithinthefirst6monthsandhadtobereplaced.Moreover,asanimalsgrew,thecollarswouldtighten,irritatingorevenhurtingtheanimal.Themethodwasnotonlyexpensive,butitwasalsocounterproductive,asitchangedtherhino’sbehaviour,thusinvalidating(使失效)thedatacollected.Atthesametime,theteamwasworkingalongsidelocaltrackers.Animaltrackingisoneoftheoldesthumanskills,andtheseexpertshadyearsofexperienceinidentifyingindividualanimalsbytheirfootprints.Theycouldeffectivelycreateatruepictureofindividualrhinos’activitieswithouttheuseofanyinvasivetechniques.Consequently,theteamwereinterestedtoknowwhetherthetrackers’knowledgecouldbesuccessfullytranslatedintoaneffective,puterisedtechniqueformonitoringanimalmovement.Withineachspecies,eachindividualhasitsownuniquefootcharacteristics,inthesamewaythathumanshavefingerprints.Thus,ifananimalissightedandidentifiedjustonce,andthecharacteristicsofitsfootprintsproperlyphotographedandmeasured,itsfootprintcanberecognisedwheneveritissightedagain.Ifdonerepeatedly,conservationistscandrawupadatabaseofall,oratleastasignificantproportionoftheindividualswithinthepopulation.Afterthatconservationistscanuseittoidentifyananimalanditsmovementsbyitsprint.Thedatagatheredcanbeusedforarangeofpurposes,forexampletomonitorbiodiversity.WildTrackiscurrentlyusingfootprintidentificationtechnologyinGreecetostudythepotentialeffectofalargehighwayconstructionthroughbrownbearhabitat.Identifyingananimalfromitsfootprintisnotwithoutitschallenges,however,aseachtimetheindividualplacesitsfootontheground,itleavesaslightlydifferenttrack,accordingtothetypeofgrounditiswalkingon,moisturelevelsandthewayitismoving.Inordertoaccountforthesevariations,itisnecessarytocollectseveraltracksfromeachindividual,includingimpressionsfromallfourfeet,onarangeofsurfaces.31.paredwithradiocollars,traditionalanimaltracking________.A.islessaccurateB.costsmoremoneyC.haslesssideeffectsD.dependsmoreonputers32.Accordingtothepassage,thefootprintidentificationtechnology________.A.needsmoredatatorunbetterB.developsfromradiocollarsChasnotbeenputintopracticeD.worksundercertainenvironment33.Whatdoesthepassageimply?A.Technologyholdsthekeytodevelopment.B.Traditionalskillsmakebetterconservationists.C.Animaltrackingsetsanewtrendinconservation.D.Creativityliesinthebinationoftheoldandnew.34.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.TopresentWildTrack’sextraordinarywork.B.Toprovideanewwayofmonitoringanimals.C.Toparetwodifferentmethodsofcatchinganimals.D.Toexplainhowtoidentifyanimalsfootprintseffectively.【答案】31.C32.A33.D34.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述为了保护濒危物种，人们采用的对野生动物的监测跟踪技术。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Theycouldeffectivelycreateatruepictureofindividualrhinos’activitieswithouttheuseofanyinvasivetechniques.（他们可以在不使用任何侵入性技术的情况下，有效地描绘出犀牛个体活动的真实情况。）”可知，传统的动物追踪不会对动物使用侵入性技术，所以可以推断，它很少有副作用。A.islessaccurate（不太准确）和文章内容“couldeffectivelycreateatruepicture”不相符；B.costsmoremoney（花费更大）是radiocollars的特点；D.dependsmoreonputers（更多依赖电脑）文中没有提到。只有C.haslesssideeffects（有很少的副作用）可以从文章中推断出来。故选C项。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Ifdonerepeatedly,conservationistscandrawupadatabaseofall,oratleastasignificantproportionoftheindividualswithinthepopulation.Afterthatconservationistscanuseittoidentifyananimalanditsmovementsbyitsprint.Thedatagatheredcanbeusedforarangeofpurposes,forexampletomonitorbiodiversity.（如果重复这样做，自然资源保护主义者可以建立起一个数据库，包括种群中所有的，或者至少是种群中相当大比例的个体。之后，自然资源保护主义者可以用它来识别动物和它的运动印迹。收集到的数据可以用于多种目的，例如监测生物多样性。）”可以推断，足迹识别技术需要更多的数据才能更好地运行。故选A项。【33题详解】推理判断题。文章第一段和第二段前半部分主要讲述新技术radiocollars在动物监测上的作用和缺陷，故而引出了传统的动物追踪技术，第三段“Thus,ifananimalissightedandidentifiedjustonce,andthecharacteristicsofitsfootprintsproperlyphotographedandmeasured,itsfootprintcanberecognisedwheneveritissightedagain…（因此，如果一种动物只被看到和识别一次，并且正确地拍摄和测量它的脚印的特征，那么无论何时再次被看到，它的脚印都可以被识别出来……）”主要讲述动物足迹追踪技术的使用原则和人们对它的利用，文章最后一段讲述使用传统的动物足迹追踪技术也有挑战，所以我们可以看出，文章暗示要进行新旧技术的结合才能有所创新。故选D项。【34题详解】推理判断题。文章前两段主要讲述radiocollars在动物监测上的缺陷，并且引出了传统的动物追踪技术，接下来着重讲了动物脚印追踪技术的开发利用。所以文章的主要目的应该是介绍这种动物监测方法。B项“Toprovideanewwayofmonitoringanimals.（提供一种监测动物的新方法。）”符合题意。故选B项。第二节7选5（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）FalseMemoriesorParallel(平行的)Realities?Hereisamonsituation:You’retalkingwithsomeoneaboutanevent,onlytodiscoverthatyoubothrememberthingsquitedifferently.Usually,you’dputitdowntoapoormemory,butwhatifitwasn’tjustonepersonwhorememberedthingsdifferently?Whatifitwasmillions?Infactthisisn’ta“whatif”situation.It’sknownastheMandelaEffect,anditwasfirstnoticedin2009byparanormalresearcherFionaBroome.BroomewaschattingwithpeopleabouttheSouthAfricanactivistNelsonMandela,andshementedhowsaditwasthathehaddiedinprisoninthe1980s.___35___Actually,he'dbeenreleasedin1990,beepresidentofSouthAfrica,anddiedin2013.Broomewassoshockedatthisthatshestartedaninvestigation.___36___Peoplehavememoriesofmoviesthatneverexisted,andfamouswordsthatwereneverspoken.ThereisevenagroupwhoclearlyrecallseeingmapsshowingthatNewZealandwasnortheastofAustralia(it’ssoutheast).Sowhatintheworldisgoingon?___37___Ineachreality,historyisshapedbydifferentevents,andtheMandelaEffectoccurswhensomeofusshiftfromonerealitytoanother.Therefore,thosewhorememberNelsonMandeladyinginthe1980saren’twrong.They’rejustrememberingeventsfromtheiroriginalreality.Morelikely,however,isthattheMandelaEffecthastodowithhowourbrainsstoreinformation.___38___ManypeoplerememberPikachu’stailhavingablacktipontheendofit,wheninfactitwasalwaysyellow.“Aha!”youcry.“Parallelrealities!”Probablynot.Considerinsteadthatpeopleoftenignoreunfamiliardetailsandtransforminformationtomakeitmoreunderstandable.InthePikachuexample,histailmaynothaveablacktip,buthisearscertainlydo.Thus,bothhisear