2023年伊犁哈萨克自治州察布查尔锡伯自治县考研《英语一》高分冲刺试卷含解析

2023年伊犁哈萨克自治州察布查尔锡伯自治县考研《英语一》高分冲刺试卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Nextweek，strangerswithatruckwilltakeawayeverythingweown，excepttheclothesonourbacks，thecarwewilldrive，andasmuchstuffaswecanpackintoit．It’scalled1．Somepeopledoitoften．Forothers，likeme，it’ga2experience．Inallmyadultyears，I’vemovedonlythreetimes．Myfirst3andImovedintoourfirsthousewithabed，ourclothesandafewgifts．Thatwasmanyyearsago．Overtheyears，I4thathousewiththreechildren，afewdogsandenoughstuffto5theceiling．Thenthekidsgrewup，Ilostmyhusbandtocancer，andIbegantolearnabout6．First，Iletgoofthe7ofbeingincontro1．Lifeisn’taboutbeinginchargeofwhat8；it’saboutbeinginchargeofwhatwedowithit．Next，Iletgoof9thethingsIcaremostabout，likekeepingintouchwiththepeoplethat10themosttome．Iletgoofthepeoplewhose11areaboutangerorhatred，andtriedinsteadto12myselfwiththosewhoshinewith13．Finally，Iletgoofbeingalone—Iremarried．I14movedtoanewcitywithmynewhusband，andafterthatmove，I15I’dstopcollectingmeaninglessthings．But12yearslater，hereIam，stilllearningaboutlettinggo．We’11allmovesomedayfromthis16tothenext，butwewon’tneedatrucktodoit．We’lltake17withusandleavebehinda(n)18ofthelifewelived，themistakeswe19，andalltheloveandkindnesswetriedtoshow．Thatmemorymightnotbeatreasure，butifwe’re20，someonewillkeepitandholditcloseandneverletitgo．1、A．moving B．changing C．losing D．missing2、A．similar B．familiar C．rare D．valuable3、A．son B．daughter C．husband D．wife4、A．equipped B．filled C．involved D．provided5、A．paint B．repair C．build D．reach6、A．holdingon B．1ettinggo C．givingback D．turningdown7、A．plan B．idea C．concept D．decision8、A．devotes B．matters C．happens D．arrives9、A．puttingoff B．comingacross C．makingout D．takingover10、A．offer B．appear C．indicate D．mean11、A．issues B．subjects C．1ives D．beliefs12、A．present B．attract C．support D．surround13、A．kindness B．patience C．fortune D．humour14、A．naturally B．eventually C．formally D．regularly15、A．suggested B．informed C．insisted D．promised16、A．city B．town C．world D．country17、A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing18、A．memory B．experience C．record D．history19、A．completed B．made C．conducted D．forgot20、A．optimistic B．generous C．determined D．fortunateSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Highlevelsofchocolateconsumptionmightbeassociatedwithaonethirdreductionintheriskofdevelopingheartdisease,suggestsastudypublishedonlineintheBritishMedicalJournal.Thefindingsconfirmresultsofexistingstudiesthatgenerallyagreeonapotentialbeneficiallinkbetweenchocolateconsumptionandhearthealth.However,theauthorsstressthatfurtherstudiesareneededtotestwhetherchocolateactuallycausesthisreductionorifitcanbeexplainedbysomeotherunmeasuredfactor.TheWorldHealthOrganizationpredictsthatby2030,nearly236millionpeoplewilldiefromheartdisease.However,lifestyleanddictarekeyfactorsinpreventingheartdisease,saysthepaper,Anumberofrecentstudieshaveshownthateatingchocolatehasapositiveinfluenceonhumanhealthduetoitsantioxidantandanti-inflammatoryproperties.Thisincludesreducingbloodpressureandimprovinginsulinsensitivity.However,theevidenceabouthoweatingchocolateaffectsyourheartstillremainsunclear.So,DrOscarFrancoandcolleaguesfromtheUniversityofCambridgecarriedoutalargescalereviewoftheexistingevidencetoevaluatetheeffectsofeatingchocolateoncardiovascular(心血管)eventslikeheartattackandstroke.Theyanalyzedtheresultsofsevenstudies,involvingover100,000participantswithandwithoutexistingheartdisease,Foreachstudy,theycomparedthegroupwiththehighestchocolateconsumptionagainstthegroupwiththelowestconsumption.Fivestudiesreportedabeneficiallinkbetweenhigherlevelsofchocolateconsumptionandtheriskofcardiovascularevents.Theyfoundthatthe“highestlevelsofchocolateconsumptionwereassociatedwitha37%reductionincardiovasculardiseaseanda29%reductioninstrokecomparedwithlowestlevels.”Nosignificantreductionwasfoundinrelationtoheartfailure.Theauthorssaythefindingsneedtobeinterpretedwithcaution,inparticularbecausecommerciallyavailablechocolateisverycalorific(around500caloriesforevery100grams)andeatingtoomuchofitcouldleadtoweightgain,riskofdiabetesandheartdisease.However,theyconcludethatgiventhehealthbenefitsofdatingchocolate,initiativestoreducethecurrentfatandsugarcontentinmostchocolateproductsshouldbeexplored.1、WhichstatementisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A．Thereusedtobestudiesaboutthebeneficiallinkbetweenchocolateconsumptionandhearthealth.B．MillionsofpeoplewilldiefromheartdiseaseaccordingtotheWHOC．Therearestillotherfactorsthatmayreducetheriskofheartdisease.D．Thereisclearevidenceabouthoweatingchocolateaffectsyourheart.2、Whatarethepossiblecausesofheartdisease?A．EatingchocolateB．UnhealthydietC．ExercisingregularlyD．Drinkingcoffee.3、What’stheauthors’attitudetowardsthefindings?A．cautiousB．doubtfulC．disapprovingD．negative4、Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A．Weshouldeatlesschocolate.B．Chocolatebenefitsourhealth.C．Weshouldconsiderthefatandsugarproblem.D．Eatingchocolatewillleadtofatgainnaturally.Text2WhenaskedaboutherchildhoodinthedocumentaryAliveInside,a90-year-oldwomanwithdementia(痴呆)replies,“I’veforgottensomuch.”FilmmakerMichaelRossatoBennettthenplaysmusicfromherpastforher.“That’sLouisArmstrong,”shesays.“He’ssingingWhentheSaintsGoMarchingInandittakesmebacktomyschooldays.”Shethenrecallsexactdetailsfromherlife.Whydoesithappen?Musictendstoaccompanyeventsthatarouseemotionsorotherwisemakestrongimpressionsonus—suchasweddingsandgraduations.Thesekindsofexperiencesformstrongmemories,andthemusicandmemorieslikelybecomeintertwined(紧密相连)inourneural(神经的)networks,accordingtoJuleneJohnson,aprofessorattheUniversityofCalifornia.Movements,suchasdancing,alsooftenpairwithourexperienceofmusic,whichcanhelpformmemories.Evenmanyyearslater,hearingthemusiccanbringbackmemoriesoftheselong-pastevents.AsAliveInsideshows,musichasthispowerevenformanypeoplewithdementia.Researchersnotethatthebrainareasthatprocessandremembermusicaretypicallylessdamagedbydementiathanotherareas,andtheythinkitmayexplainthephenomenon.Theyalsopayattentiontoelderlypeoplewithdementia,especiallythoseinnursinghomes.“It’spossiblethatthoselong-termmemoriesarestillthere,“Johnsonsays,“butpeoplejusthaveahardertimeaccessingthembecausethey’reinastrangeplaceandthere’renotalotofcircumstancesinwhichsomeonecouldpulloutthosememories.”Johnsonalsonotesthatmusicisnotuniversallyusefulforallpeoplewithdementiasincetherearesomepeoplewithdementiawhosebrainareathatrecognizesmusicisdamaged.Despitemusic’sapparentbenefits,fewstudieshaveexploreditsinfluenceonmemoryrecallinpeoplewithdementia.“It’sreallyanuntappedarea,”Johnsonsays.PetrJanataisoneresearcherinvestigatingthetopicofmusicandmemory.Hesaysthatscientistsstilldonothavetheanswersforwhyandhowmusicreawakensmemoriesinpeoplewithdementia,butthisphenomenonisrealandit’sjustamatteroftimebeforeit’sfullyborneoutbyscientificresearch.1、WhathelpstheoldwomaninAliveInsiderecallherchildhood?A．Afilmshehaswatchedbefore.B．Asongshehaslistenedtobefore.C．Thevoiceofherchildhoodfriend.D．Thedescriptionofherschooldays.2、WhatbenefitofmusicisdiscussedinParagraph2?A．Ithelpsmakelastingmemories.B．Ithelpscurepatientsofdementia.C．Ithelpsarouseemotionsinspecialevents.D．Ithelpsrememberdancemovementseasily.3、AccordingtoJohnson,whatshouldwedoforelderlypeoplewithdementia?A．Sendthemtonursinghomesforgoodcare.B．Providefamiliarenvironmentsforthem.C．Playlotsofclassicalmusictothem.D．Talktothemabouttheirpast.4、Whatdoweknowaboutthestudyintomusicandmemoryrecallinpeoplewithdementia?A．ItiscriticizedbyPetrJanata.B．Itissupportedbysolidevidence.C．Itappliestoallpeoplewithdementia.D．Itisapioneeringstudy.Text3Istillremembermyhandsandmyfingersstillremember—whatusedtolieinstoreforusonourreturntoschoolfromtheholidays.Thetreesintheschoolyardwouldbeinfullleafagainandtheoldleaveswouldbelyingaroundlikeamuddyseaofleaves.“Getthatallsweptup!”theheadmasterwouldtellus.“Iwantthewholeplacecleanedup,atonce!”Therewasenoughworkthere,tolastoveraweek.Especiallysincetheonlytoolswithwhichwewereprovidedwereourhands,ourfingers,ournails.“Nowseethatit’sdoneproperly,andbequickaboutit,”theheadmasterwouldsaytotheelderpupils,“oryou’llhavetoanswerforit!”Soatanorderfromtheelderboyswewouldalllineuplikepeanutsabouttocutandgatherincrops.Iftheworkwasnotgoingasquicklyastheheadmasterexpected,thebigboys,insteadofgivingusahelpinghand,usedtofinditsimplertobeatuswithbranchespulledfromthetrees.Inordertoavoidtheseblows,weusedtobribe(贿赂)theelderboyswiththejuicycakesweusedtobringforourmiddaymeal.Andifwehappenedtohaveanymoneyonus,thecoinschangedhandsatonce.Ifwedidnotdothis,orifwewereafraidofgoinghomewithanemptystomachoranemptypurse,theblowswereredoubled.Theyhitussoviolentlyandwithsuchevilenjoymentevenadeafanddumbpersonwouldhaverealizedthatwewerebeingbeatennotsomuchtomakeusworkharder,hutrathertobeatusintoastateofobedience(服从)inwhichwewouldbeonlytoogladtogiveupourfoodandmoney.Occasionallyoneofus,wornoutbysuchcalculatedcruelty,wouldhavethecouragetocomplaintotheheadmaster.Hewouldofcoursebeveryangry,butthepunishmenthegavetheelderboyswasalwaysverysmall—nothingcomparedtowhattheyhadclonetous.Andthefactisthathowevermuchwecomplained,oursituationdidnotimproveintheslightest.Perhapsweshouldhaveletourparentsknowwhatwasgoingon,butsomehowweneverdreamedofdoingso;Idon’tknowwhetheritwasloyaltyorpridethatkeptussilent,butIcanseenowthatwewerefoolishtokeepquietaboutit,forsuchbeatingwascompletelyforeigntoournature.1、Thestatement“myhandsandmyfingersstillremember”(Para.1)meansthat________.A．theauthorseldomdidsuchhardworkasthecleaningupB．theauthor’shandswerehisonlytoolforthecleaningC．theauthor’shandswereseverelyinjuredinthecleaningupD．theauthorwasbulliedbythebigboysinthecleaningup2、Theheadmasterwouldtellthestudentstocleanuptheschoolyardatthebeginningofthetermbecause________.A．thestudentsdidn’tfinishtheirhomeworkB．theschoolyardwerecoveredwithmudC．hewastoolazyD．thereweremanyfallenleavesontheground3、Theheadmasteraskedtheelderboysto________.A．beatthosewhoworkedslowlyB．treatthesmallboysaspeanutsC．lakechargeoftheprocessofthecleaningD．dothecleaningallbythemselves4、AccordingtoPara.3,iftheauthorhadanymoneyonhim,hemostprobably________.A．gaveittothebigboyssoastopleasethemB．gaveitasabridetotheheadmasterC．spentitallonhismiddaymealD．spentitbuyingmiddaymealsforthebigboysText4Whenit'sfiveo'clock,peopleleavetheiroffice.Thelengthoftheworkday,formanyworkers,isdefinedbytime.Theyleavewhentheclockstellthemthey’redone.Thesedays,thetimeiseverywhere:notjustonclocksorwatches,butoncellphonesandcomputers.Thatmaybeabadthing,particularlyatwork.Newresearchshowsthatclockbasedworkscheduleshindercreativity.Clock-timersorganizetheirdaybyblocksofminutesandhours.Forexample:ameetingfrom9a.m.to10a.m,researchfrom10a.mtonoon,etc.Ontheotherhand,task-timershavealistofthingstheywanttoaccomplish.Theyworkdownthelist,eachtaskstartswhentheprevioustaskiscompleted.Itissaidthatallofusemployamixofboththesetypesofplanning.What,then,aretheeffectsofthinkingabouttimeinthesedifferentways?Doesonemakeusmoreproductive?Betteratthetasksathand?Happier?InexperimentsconductedbyTamarAvnetandAnne-LaureSellier,theyhadparticipantsorganizedifferentactivitiesfromprojectplanning,holidayshopping,toyogabytimeorto-dolisttomeasurehowtheyperformedunder“clocktime”vs.“tasktime”.Theyfoundclocktimerstobemoreefficient(有效率的)butlesshappybecausetheyfeltlittlecontrolovertheirlives.Tasktimersarehappierandmorecreative,butlessproductive.Theytendtoenjoythemomentwhensomethinggoodishappening,andseizeopportunitiesthatcomeup.Theresearchersarguethattask-basedorganizingtendstobeundervaluedandunder-supportedinthebusinessculture.Thismightbeasmallchangetothewayweviewworkandtheoffice,buttheresearchersarguethatitchallengesawidespreadcharacteristicoftheeconomy:workorganizedbyclocktime.Whilemostpeoplewillstillprobablyneed,andbe,tosomeextent,clock-timers,task-basedtimingshouldbeusedwhenperformingajobthatrequiresmorecreativity.It’llmakethosetaskseasier,andthetask-doerswillbehappier.1、Whatdoestheauthorsayaclock-basedwork?A．Itmakesworkersverytired.B．Itremindsworkerstoleaveontime.C．Itmakesworkersawareoftheprecioustime.D．Itmayhaveabadeffectonthecreativity.2、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hinder”inparagraph2mean?A．Block.B．Consider.C．Increase.D．Value.3、WhatdidTamarAvnetandAnne-LaureSellierfindintheirexperimentsaboutclock-timers?A．Theyseizeopportunitiesastheycomeup.B．Theyalwaysgettheirworkdoneintime.C．Theytendtobemoreproductive.D．Theycancontroltheirlives.4、Whatdotheresearcherssuggest?A．Task-basedtimingispreferredfordoingcreativework.B．Itisimportanttokeepabalancebetweenworkandlife.C．Performingcreativejobstendstomakeworkershappier.D．Ascientificstandardshouldbeadoptedinjobevaluation.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Accordingtoour1．(appoint),ImadeupmymindtodrivetoSouthCarolinatomeetmyfriendsinmyusedcarThoughIhadonlybeenthereoncebeforeanddidnotknowthewayverywellIwasonthehighwayafterIhadmadesomeinquiries(询问)AtAshvelle,therewasacrossroadat2．Icouldgoonalongthemainroad3．(construct)in2015orIcouldtakeashortcutTheshortcutwastocrossseveralhillsandwasdangerous,IhesitatedforalittlewhileandthenchosethemainroadNowuntilIdrovealongwaydidsomethingstrangehappenIfounditwasnotthecorrectroadthatIwantedtotake,butthehillyroadIdecidedtoavoid“WhatshallIdo?”IaskedmyselfIfIwentbacktotakethatroadagain,itwouldbeverylatebythetimeIgottoColumbia4．(think)itover,Idecidedtogoon“Ifotherpeoplecangoalongthisroad,whycan’tI?”Iencouragedmyselfandconcentrated5．mydrivingIdrove6．(cautious)andhopedmycarwouldnotbreak7．onthewayTheshortcut,tomysurprise,wasnotthatdangerousInfact,itwasonlyaverypeacefulcountryroad,goingupanddowntwolowhillsOnbothsidesoftheroad8．(be)trees,wildflowers,andfarmswithcowsandhorses,whichleftmeadeepimpressionMyfearwasgonewiththewindListeningtothebeautifulcountrymusicovermycarstereo(立体声),IdroveonandenjoyedthescenerywhichwassoquietandsonaturalEvenmyusedcarforgottogivemeproblemsItwasjustinthislightheartednessthatIarrivedatmydestination9．(tell)whathadhappenedtome,myfriendsalladmiredmeTheythoughtitsoundedlikeanadventureandso10．IOnemorning,Iwaswaitingatthebusstop,worriedabout1．(be)lateforschoolThereweremanypeoplewaitingatthebusstop,2．someofthemlookedveryanxiousand3．(disappoint)Whenthebusfinallycame,weallhurriedonboardIgotaplacenext4．thewindow,soIhadagoodviewofthesidewalkAboyonabike5．(catch)myattentionHewasridingbesidethebusandwavinghisarmsIheardapassengerbehindmeshoutingtothedriver,butherefused6．(stop)untilwereachedthenextstopStill,theboykept7．(ride)HewascarryingsomethingoverhisshoulderandshoutingFinally,whenwecametothenextstop,theboyranuptothedoorofthebusIheardanexcitedconversationThenthedriverstoodupandasked,“8．anyoneloseasuitcaseatthelaststop?”Awomanonthebusshouted,“Ohdear!It’s9．(I)”ShepushedherwaytothedriverandtookthesuitcasethankfullyEveryoneonthebusbegantalkingaboutwhattheboyhaddone,andthecrowdofstrangers10．(sudden)becamefriendlytooneanotherSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Takecareofyourspine（脊柱）Thespinestandsatthecenterofyourhealth,providingyourbodywithstructureandsupport.Italsocontainsyourspinecord,amassivecollectionofnervesconveyingelectricsignalsfromtherestofyourbodytoyourbrain1、Maintaininggoodposture(姿势)isoneofthemostimportantthingsyoucandotokeepyourspinehealthy.Properposturemeansstandingorsittingwhilekeepingyourspinestraight,exceptforitsnaturalcurves.Posturecomesintoplayevenwhenyouareasleep.Sleepingonyoursideputslessstressonyourspinethanmostotherpositions.2、.Especiallyifyouworkatadeskmostoftheday,it'simportanttogetupandstretchregularly.3、Stretchcanhelpthemusclesaroundyourspinerelaxandallowbonestoshiftintobetterarrangement.Strengthexerciseslikepushups(俯卧撑)canalsohelpbystrengtheningthemusclesaroundyourspine.However,don’toverdotheexercise,asrepeatedmotionscanstrainthemusclesaroundyourspine.Finally,yourdietaffectsthehealthofyourspinebecausemanyvitaminsarenecessaryforbonesandnerves.Inparticular,vitaminsBandDareessentialtokeepboneshealthy,soyoumaywanttoconsidertakingasupplement.4、,soitisalsohelpfultodosomeofthebackexerciseoutside.Manyoftheactionsnecessarytokeepyourspinehealthyareidenticaltothoseusedtopreserveyourhealthinotherways.5、A．However,thelatterisalsoabsorbedfromsunlight.B．Stayingstillfortoolongcanbehardonyourback.C．Soprotectyourback,therestofthebodywillbenefit.D．Protectingyourspinewithyogaisalsoanecessarystep.E.Trythefollowingexercisestokeepyourspinemoreflexible.F.Exerciseisalsoanimportantfactorinthehealthofyourspine.G.Soyoushouldtakethefollowingfactorsintoaccounttohaveahealthyspine."AquestionbroughtmetothepointofendingmylifewhenIwasfiftyyearsold.Myquestionwasthesimplestonethatliesineveryperson.Itisthequestionwithoutwhichlif