2022-2023学年湖南省常德市瓦岗中学高二英语期末试卷含解析

2022-2023学年湖南省常德市瓦岗中学高二英语期末试卷含解析一、选择题1.－Mary,howdidyourMathtestgo?

－IhadthoughtI_________,butinfactIcameinthetop10inmyclass.

A.shouldhavefailed

B.couldn’thavefailed

C.mighthavefailed

D.shouldn’thavefailed参考答案：C试题分析：考查情态动词的用法。mighthavedonesth.表示对过去发生的事情的猜测或担心，意思是“或许会……”，而事实上不一定如此。故选C。2.Itissaidthat______bridgewasbuiltin______MingDynasty.A.a;a

B.the;theC.a;the

D.the;a参考答案：B【详解】考查冠词。句意：据说，这座桥建于明朝。根据句子的语境，bridge是指具体某一座桥，属特指，故用the；某个朝代的前面要用the。故选B。3.SincelittleTomwastoonaughtyatschool,hewas_______fromschoollasttermandnowstaysathome.A.fired

B.dismissed

C.ignored

D.retired参考答案：B4.Idon’tknowwhoinvented_______telephone,it’sreally_______mostusefulinvention.A.the;a

B.the;the

C.a;a

D.不填；不填参考答案：A略5.Ididn’tgototheparty,butIdowishI____there.A.was

B.were

C.hadbeen

D.went参考答案：C6.Afterafewcoursesonpainting,Helensaidshewould_______oilpaintinginhersparetime.A.lookup

B.bringup

C.takeup

D.putup参考答案：C7.--Thefilmisveryinstructive(有教育意义的).

---Yes.Itreally______seeing.

A.desires

B.deserves

C.accuses

D.hesitates参考答案：B8.______privatecarsarebringingusconvenience,theymayalsocausemoretrafficaccidentsandpollution.A.While

B.As

C.If

D.Since参考答案：A9.---Puttingonahappyfacenotonlyhelpstomakefriends,butalsomakesusfeelbetter.

---_______________.A.I’dloveto B.I’mwithyouonthatC.It’suptoyouD.It’smypleasure参考答案：B10.Inhisweekly______tothenation,ObamasaidthejointeffortwasshowingresultsandthatLibyancivilianshadexpressedtheirsupporttothemilitaryoperation.A.assignment

B.address

C.appointment

D.arrangement参考答案：B11.-----Sothat’sthefinaldecision?

------Yes,butdon’t______theplantootherpeople.Aletdown

Bletoff

Cletalone

Dletout参考答案：D12.Thepresidentpromisedtokeepallthemembers____ofhowthethingsweregoingon.A.informB.toinformC.informedD.informing参考答案：C13.Doletyourmotherknowallthetruth.Sheappears__________everything.A.totell

B.tobetold

C.tobetelling

D.tohavebeentold参考答案：D14.

—Whoareyougoingtohave_______thisletterforyou?

—Mysecretary.

A.type

B.typed

C.beentyped

D.beentyping参考答案：A15.TomlookedatJenny,tears_____hiseyesandshoutedoutthewords_____inhisheartforyears.A.filling;havingbeenhiddenB.filled;hidden

C.filling;hidden

D.filled;hiding参考答案：C16.Freshair,enoughexerciseandnutritiousfood____tosoundhealth.

A.devote

B.contribute

C.add

D.stick参考答案：B17.Thejudgingcommittee______threewomenandfourmenispopularwiththepublic.A.isconsistedof B.makesup C.consistingof D.whichmadeupof参考答案：C此处表示“评委会由三为女士和四位男士构成”。“consistingofthreewomenandfourmen”为现在分词作定语，修饰“Thejudgingcommittee”，consistof“包括，由……组成”，无被动语态，与所修饰词为逻辑上的主谓关系；A和B都是谓语形式，不符合句子结构。D项which后面缺少is，故选C。二、新的题型18.Itisgenerallybelievedthatmoneycan’tbuyhappiness.However,thatmaynotbealwaystrue.Accordingtoarecentarticle,inthelastfewyears,anewresearchhasgivenusafardeeperunderstandingoftherelationshipbetweenwhatweearnandhowwefeel.Broadlyspeaking,peoplewithhigherincomesarehappierthanthosewhostruggletogetby.Butitalsoshowsyouneedtospendwiselyifyouexpectthosebanknotestoputasmileonyourface.___16___1.Buyexperiences,notmaterialgoods.Inarecentlypublishedstudy,ProfessorRyanatSanFranciscoStateUniversityintheUS,foundthatwhenpeopledon’thavemuchmoneytospare,theytendtosticktomaterialgoods.___17___Buttheyactuallyprovidebothmorehappinessandmorelastingvalue.2.___18___Nomatterhowmuchmoneyyouspendonsomethingandhowspecialthatproductis,youwillgetusedtohavingitovertimeandloseinterestinit.Withthesamemoneyyouspendononebigobject,youcanbuymanylittlethings.Buyingsmallthingsmeansyoucangetfrequentsmallpleasures.3.Besuretobuytime.___19___Forexample,thatbighouseinthesuburbsmayseemlikeagoodidea,buta2014studybyresearchersfromUniversityofZurichinSwitzerlandfoundthatpeoplewithlongertimeonthewayreportedlowerlifesatisfaction,allotherthingsbeingequal.4.Trygivingitaway.ElizabethDunn,professorattheUniversityofBritishColumbiainCanada,foundthatinnationsasdiverseasCanada,SouthAfricaandUganda,givingawaymoneyconsistentlymadepeoplehappier.___20__A.Besuretobuywhatyoulike.B.Herearesomewaystobetterspendyourmoney.C.Buylotsoflittlethings,ratherthanonebigthing.D.Therearealotofreasonssomeonemightbuysomething.E.Peoplethinkexperiencesonlyprovidetemporaryhappiness.F.Thiswaseventruewhenpeoplegivingawaywerelypoor.G.Considerhowthethingsyoubuywillaffecthowyouspendyourtime.参考答案：16-20.BECGF16．下文主要讲的是一些怎样更好地利用钱的方式，B项意为“以下是一些怎样更好地利用钱的方式”，与下文照应。故此处应选B。17．下文讲的是，但是它们事实上能提供更多的快乐和更持久的价值。E项意为“人们认为体验只能提供暂时的幸福”，与下文形成转折关系，话题紧密相连。故答案选E。18．下面这段话主要讲的是，建议人们多买小物件，这能给人带来更多的快乐。C项意为“买小物件，不要买大物件”概括出了本段的中心。故答案选C。19．下文举的这个例子是说，在郊区买一座大房子看似不错，但是开车时间长使得生活满意度下降。G项主要是说，你所买的东西会影响你度过时间的感受。由此可知，这个例子是用来解释G项中的观点的。故答案选G。20．上文提到，捐赠能让人感觉更幸福。F项意为“即使相对来讲你不是那么有钱，你捐赠也能让你更快乐”，与上文话题紧密相连。故答案选F。【备注】我们普遍认为，金钱不能买来幸福。但是最新研究表明，事实并非如此。本文主要讲的是一些关于如何更好地花费以让人们更快乐的建议。三、阅读理解19.AsArtificialIntelligence（AI）becomesincreasinglysophisticated,therearegrowingconcernsthatrobotscouldbecomeathreat.Thisdangercanbeavoided,accordingtocomputerscienceprofessorStuartRussell,ifwefigureouthowtoturnhumanvaluesintoaprogrammablecode.Russellarguesthatasrobotstakeonmorecomplicatedtasks,it’snecessarytotranslateourmoralsintoAIlanguage.Forexample,ifarobotdoeschoresaroundthehouse,youwouldn’twantittoputthepetcatintheoventomakedinnerforthehungrychildren.“Youwouldwantthatrobotpreloadedwithagoodsetofvalues,”saidRussell.Somerobotsarealreadyprogrammedwithbasichumanvalues.Forexample,mobilerobotshavebeenprogrammedtokeepacomfortabledistancefromhumans.Obviouslythereareculturaldifferences,butifyouweretalkingtoanotherpersonandtheycameupcloseinyourpersonalspace,youwouldn’tthinkthat’sthekindofthingaproperlybrought-uppersonwoulddo.Itwillbepossibletocreatemoresophisticatedmoralmachines,ifonlywecanfindawaytosetouthumanvaluesasclearrules.Robotscouldalsolearnvaluesfromdrawingpatternsfromlargesetsofdataonhumanbehavior.Theyaredangerousonlyifprogrammersarecareless.Thebiggestconcernwithrobotsgoingagainsthumanvaluesisthathumanbeingsfailtososufficienttestingandthey’veproducedasystemthatwillbreaksomekindoftaboo（禁忌）.Onesimplecheckwouldbetoprogramarobottocheckthecorrectcourseofactionwithahumanwhenpresentedwithanunusualsituation.Iftherobotisunsurewhetherananimalissuitableforthemicrowave,ithastheopportunitytostop,sendoutbeeps（嘟嘟声）,andaskfordirectionsfromahuman.Ifwehumansaren’tquitesureaboutadecision,wegoandasksomebodyelse.Themostdifficultstepinprogrammingvalueswillbedecidingexactlywhatwebelieveinmoral,andhowtocreateasetofethicalrules.Butifwecomeupwithananswer,robotscouldbegoodforhumanity.56.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutthethreatofrobots？A.Itmayconstituteachallengetocomputerprogranmers.B.Itaccompaniesallmachineryinvolvinghightechnology.C.Itcanbeavoidedifhumanvaluesaretranslatedintotheirlanguage.D.Ithasbecomeaninevitableperilastechnologygetsmoresophisticated.57.Whatwouldwethinkofapersonwhoinvadesourpersonalspaceaccordingtotheauthor？A.Theyareaggressive. B.Theyareoutgoing.C.Theyareignorant. D.Theyareill-bred.58.Howdorobotslearnhumanvalues？A.Byinteractingwithhumansineverydaylifesituations.B.Byfollowingthedailyroutinesofcivilizedhumanbeings.C.Bypickinguppatternsfrommassivedataonhumanbehavior.D.Byimitatingthebehaviorofpropertybrought-uphumanbeings.59.Whatwillawell-programmedrobotdowhenfacinganunusualsituation？A.keepadistancefrompossibledangers.B.Stoptoseekadvicefromahumanbeing.C.Triggeritsbuilt-inalarmsystematonce.D.Dosufficienttestingbeforetakingaction.60.Whatismostdifficulttodowhenweturnhumanvaluesintoaprogrammablecode？A.Determinewhatismoralandethical. B.Designsomelarge-