四川省雅安市芦山县2023年考研《英语一》临考冲刺试卷含解析

四川省雅安市芦山县2023年考研《英语一》临考冲刺试卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AsIrushedamongthetables,suddenly,a1askedifIcouldmindachild.Iwasquite2butIcouldtellthemanwasquitedesperate.SoIhadtomakea________withhimthatifhewantedhissontostayandwaitforhim,hehadto3somethingintheshop．Thiswasquite4forthemantodo;Icould5hewasquitepoorbythe6hewasdressed.Itlookedasifhehadtriedtocomeinhis7clothes.Buttheystilllookedabitoldandwornout8hehadoftenwornthem,justtomakehimselflookbest.LookingdownIcouldseehis9werealsoabittornandtheheelswereinaterriblestate.Ithoughthewasgoingforajobinterview.Intheendheboughtasmallboxof10forhislittlesonandseatedhimdowninthecorner.Icouldtelltheboywasfeelingdownandonlycould11withabitofcheeringup．Seeingthatthekidsatthereforquiteawhile,Iwasabit12asthepoorlittlekidwassitting________hisown.Peoplewatchedhimandsomekidsevencameovertopickonhim.Iwas13toseeoneofthemevenknockedhiscookiesoffthetable．Hequicklywentandgotthembackwithoutsayingaword．Iwashopinghisfatherwould14upandcomebackforhisson's15Atclosingtime,theonlypersonleftwasthelittleboy．Afterawhile,thefatherfinallycameinwithatiresomelook.I16hedidn'tgetanyjob．Astheywereleaving,Iofferedthekidalittlecake,butthemanrejectedit.I17hefeltasifIhadjustabusedhim．OfcourseIdidn'tmeanto．ButIcouldunderstandwhyhefeltlikethat．Ionlywishedthemgood18whateverhappened．Themanopenedthedoortoleave－fatherandsonhandinhand．1、A．good B．bad C．new D．casual2、A．commitment B．appointment C．preference D．success3、A．managed B．agreed C．hesitated D．decided4、A．did B．mentioned C．shared D．missed5、A．greet B．inspire C．introduce D．remember6、A．kindness B．happiness C．stories D．sadness7、A．still B．often C．never D．even8、A．whispered B．explained C．reported D．replied9、A．surprise B．challenge C．concern D．moment10、A．cashier B．customer C．beggar D．secretary11、A．mark B．sign C．symbol D．flag12、A．payingfor B．pickingup C．payingoff D．pickingout13、A．occasionally B．usually C．probably D．hardly14、A．unoccupied B．unnoticed C．unorganized D．unquestioned15、A．wisdom B．existence C．generosity D．appreciation16、A．society B．love C．holiday D．family17、A．encouraging B．inviting C．helping D．affecting18、A．dropped B．bought C．found D．fell19、A．strange B．lucky C．cool D．funny20、A．after B．though C．unless D．whenSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Throughouthistoryscientistshaveriskedtheirhealthandtheirlivesintheirsearchforthetruth.SirIsaacNewton,theseventeenthcenturyscientist,wasverysmart,butthatdidn’tstophimfromdoingsomeprettystupidthings.InhislaboratoryinCambridgeheoftendidthestrangestexperiments.Once,whiletestinghowlightpassesthroughlenses(晶状体),heputalongneedleintohiseye,pushedittotheback,andthenmoveditaroundjusttoseewhatwouldhappen.Luckily,nothinglong-lastingdid.Onanotheroccasionhestaredatthesunforaslongashecouldbear,todiscoverwhateffectthiswouldhaveonhissight.Againheescapedsuffering

permanent

damage,thoughhehadtospendsomedaysinadarkenedroombeforehiseyesrecovered.Inthe1750stheSwedishchemistKarlScheelewasthefirstpersontofindawaytoproducephosphorus(磷).Heinfactdiscoveredeightmorechemicalelementsincludingchlorine(氯),thoughhedidn’tgetanypraiseforthem.Hewasaverycleverscientist,buthisonefailingwasacurioushabitoftastingalittleofeverysubstanceheworkedwith.Thisriskypracticefinallycaughtupwithhim,andin1786hewasfounddeadinhislaboratorysurroundedbyalargenumberofdangerouschemicals,anyofwhichmighthavebeenresponsibleforhisdeath.EugeneShoemakerwasarespectedgeologist.Hespentalargepartofhislifestudyingcraters(火山口)onthemoon,andhowtheywereformed,andlaterdidresearchintothecometsoftheplanetJupiter.In1997heandhiswifewereintheAustraliandesertwheretheywenteveryyeartosearchforplaceswherecometsmighthavehittheearth.WhiledrivingintheTanamidesert,normallyoneoftheemptiestplacesintheworld,anothervehiclecrashedintothemandShoemakerwaskilledonthespot.Someofhisashes(骨灰)weresenttothemoonaboardtheLunarProspectorspacecraftandleftthere

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heistheonlypersonwhohashadthishonor.1、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“permanent”inParagraph2mean?A．Brief. B．Slight.C．Lasting. D．Ordinary.2、WhatdidKarlScheelelikedoingwhenperformingexperiments?A．Tastingchemicals. B．Stayingintheemptylab.C．Experimentingindarkness. D．Workingtogetherwithothers.3、WhatspecialhonorwasShoemakergivenafterhisdeath?A．HewasburiedintheTanamidesert.B．Someofhisasheswereplacedonthemoon.C．OnecometofJupiterwasnamedafterhim.D．AspacecraftcarryinghimtraveledaroundJupiter.4、Thetextismainlyaboutthreegreatscientists’_____.A．specialhonors B．greatachievementsC．famousexperiments D．sufferinginthejobText2WhenCarsonPalmer,aprofessionalAmericanfootballplayer,hurthisarmafewyearsago,hetookaweekofffromthrowingthefootball.Butinhishead,Palmerpracticedeveryday.Thefollowingweekend,Palmerhadthebestgameofhislife.Formorethanacentury,scientistshavebeentryingtounderstandhowthismentaltrainingworks.Inthe1930s,researchersprovedbyexperimentthatwhenyou'reimagininganaction,yourbrainsendssignalstoyourmuscles(肌肉)whicharetooweaktotightenthemusclesbutmighthelptrainthebodytoperform.Inotherwords,mentalpracticemightcreateapatterninyourhead,likeaninnerhow-toguideforaparticularskill.Sportspsychologistshaveconductedhundredsofstudiescomparingimaginedandphysicalpracticeforactions.Onthewhole,theresearchshowsthatmentaltrainingworks.A2012study,forexample,compared32amateurgolferswhopracticedhittingtheballstoanother32whomerelyheldagolfclubintheirhandsandvisualized（想象）theirswings.Underthesametrainingrules,bothgroupsimprovedtheirskillsbygettingtheballabout4inchesclosertothehole.Visualizationhasadvantagesovertherealthing:Youcandoitanywhere,evenwheninjured.Itissafe-amajorplusforhigh-riskperformerssuchasgymnastsandsurgeons.Andyoucanpracticeforlongerperiodsoftimebecauseyou'renotrestrictedbyphysicaltiredness,That’snottosayit'seasy,we'vehadOlympic-levelathletessittinginourlab,visualizingthemovementsfortwohours,"saysTadhgMacintyre,asportspsychologistattheUniversityofLimerickinIreland.“Whenwe'redone,they’reabsolutelytired.”Itdoesn’tworkforeveryone,though."Ifyou'reanovice,theeffectcanbeharmful,”warnsMacintyre.Ifyou'retryingtovisualizeafreethrow,andyoudon'tevenknowthepropermovement,thenyou'reprobablygoingtomentallypracticethewrongskill.”1、Theauthorintroducesthetopicofthetextby______.A．givinganexampleB．presentinganargumentC．explainingaphenomenonD．makinganassumption2、Whathappenswhenoneisvisualizinganaction?A．Aspecialskillisquicklyacquired.B．AcertainmodelisformedintheheadC．Themusclesgrowincreasinglytense.D．Thebrainsendsstrongmessagestothebody.3、Whatdoestheunderlinedword"novice"inthelastparagraphmean?A．CoachB．SpecialistC．BeginnerD．Judge4、Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A．Athletesarelikelytowingamesthroughimaginedpractice.B．Practicingashillproperlyinmindcanproduceintendedeffect.C．Practicewhethermentalorphysicalhaitsowncharacteristics.D．Scientistshavefoundasalewayforathletestopracticetheirskills.Text3WhenGitanjaliRaosharedhowshelikes“findingsolutionstorealproblems”,itwashardtoimaginethisdynamic11-year-oldgirlcouldsettleaproblemthathasescapedscientistsforyears.Injustthreemonths,Raocameupwithadevice（装置）thatcanreplacethecostlyandlengthytestscurrentlyusedtoreliablydetermineleadlevelsinourfreshwater.Inspiredbythecurrentlitigation（诉讼）inFlint,Michigan,acaseofwaterpollutionfrom2014to2015,RaodesignedanewtestingsystemthatresultedinherbeingnamedAmerica’sTopYoungScientistfor2017.Raohadbeenfollowingthewaterproblemforabouttwoyears.Shewasamazedbythenumberofpeopleaffectedbyleadpollutioninwaterandwantedtodosomethingtochangethis.Gitanjalispentmonthstryingtoconvincelocalhighschoolsandcollegestogiveherlabtimetocontinueherexperiment.Athome,Gitanjaliworkedonherprojectinthe“scienceroom”sheaskedherparentstocreateforher.Raohascreatedadevicethatusesthreeparts:acartridge,aBluetoothreaderandanapp.Toputitsimply,thecartridgecontainscarbonnanotubes（纳米管）thatreacttolead.ThisreactionisthenregisteredbytheBluetoothreader,whichsendsasignaltoamobileappthatcantellyouimmediatelyifyourwaterissafetodrink.RaoappropriatelynamedthedeviceTethysaftertheGreekgoddessoffreshwater,andishopingtomakealittleimprovementtogetthedeviceonthemarket.Whilewemaynotbeawareofanyleadpollutionpresentinouragingpipelines,leadpoisoningcancausedelaysinphysicalandmentaldevelopment.WithRaobelievingthatthe“purposeofscienceistomakeadifference”,herincredibleinventioncouldmakeadifferencetomillionsofpeopleintheUnitedStates.1、WhatdoweknowaboutRao’sdevice?A．It’scheapandquick.B．It’scheapandinaccurate.C．It’sexpensiveandreliable.D．It’sportableandtime-consuming.2、WhatmadeRaohavetheideaofdesigningthedevice?A．Herparents’suggestions.B．ThenameoftheGreekgoddess.C．Herinterestinsettlingrealproblems.D．ThewaterpollutionlitigationinFlint.3、Whatdothecarbonnanotubesfunctionas?A．Sendingimmediatesignals.B．Recordingthereactionresults.C．Detectingthepresenceoflead.D．Showingthewaterqualityresults.4、WhatdoestheauthorthinkofRao’sinvention?A．ItwillleadRaotomakeafortune.B．ItwillhelpmillionsofAmericansdrinksafewater.C．ItwillpromotethedevelopmentofscienceinAmerica.D．Itwillsoonsettlethelead-pollutedproblemthoroughly.Text4Oneevening,authorNeil’ssonwasangry.Neilhadsaidoneofthosethingsthatparentssay,like“isn’tittimeyouwereinbed.”Hissonlookedupathim,angryandsaid,“IwishIdidn’thaveadad!IwishIhad…agoldfish!”ThatconversationgavebirthtoNeil’sbook,“TheDayISwappedMyDadforTwoGoldfish”.Thebookisafunnyadventureofasonsearchingforthedadheswapped.Whethertheyrealizeitornot,fathersplayanimportantroleintheirchildren’sdevelopment.RolandWarren,DirectoroftheNationalFatherhoodInitiative,saysthat,“Theshapeoftheirdadshasaroleinthekids’soul.”Iagree.Weliveinthebestoftimesandtheworstoftimesforfatherhood.Weliveinthebestoftimesbecausefatherswhoareengagedintheirchild’slifespendmoretimethanfathersofanypreviousgeneration.WeliveintheworstoftimesbecausetherearestillmillionsofchildrenwhocontinuetomisstheregularpresenceofDad.Whatdifferencedoesadadmake?Aretheyreallythatimportant?Forthemostpart,studieshaveprovedclearlythatfathers,whethertheylivewiththeirchildrenornot,matterinthelivesoftheirchildren.Whenfathersarepresent,theyprovideeconomicsupportfortheirchildrenandcaregivingresponsibilities.Well-fatheredchildrenareshowntobemoreemotionallyintelligentandsociallysuccessfulasadults.Whenfathersareabsent,theirabsencemaynegativelyinfluencechildren’sacademicachievement,generalbehaviouraladjustmentandangermanagement,especiallyinmales.Yetjustbeingphysicallypresentisn’tenoughtobeagreatfather.Itisimportantthatadadbewarmandemotionallyavailabletohischild.Authorandresearcher,JohnGottman,describesthiskindoffatherasan“emotioncoachingfather”.Emotioncoachesareparentswholistentotheirchildren’sfeelings,seethesharingoffeelingsasanopportunityforintimacy（亲密）.Itisnotjustthemerepresenceoffathersthatmatters,buthowtheyarepresent.Mostchildrenlongforandneedaloving,devotedandresponsiblefather.1、Theauthorintroduceshistopicby______.A．presentingtheresultsofstudiesB．tellingastoryC．makingacomparisonD．interviewingsomeexperts2、WhatdoestheauthormeaninParagraph2bysaying“Weliveintheworstoftimes…”?A．Today’sfathersdon’tcareabouttheirchildren’semotions.B．Lotsofchildren’sfathershavetoworkeveryday.C．Lotsofchildren’sfathersareabsentfromtheirlives.D．Today’sfathersdon’thavecaregivingresponsibilities.3、Accordingtothetext,awell-fatheredchildismorelikelyto_______.A．losecontrolofangerB．obtainhighacademicachievementC．havelowemotionalintelligenceD．havegoodsocialskills4、Wecanlearnfromthetextthatan“emotioncoachingfather”isafatherwho______.A．giveseconomicsupporttohischildB．shareshischild’semotionsC．triestochangehischild’semotionsD．isalwaysavailabletohischildPartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)IstartedworkingasavolunteerfortheCityofSurreythissummerIdidthisbecauseI'vealwaysenjoyed1．(help)peopleinanywayIcanIthoughtifIbecameavolunteerfortheCityofSurrey,IwouldbeabletoachievethatgoalAndbeingavolunteerfortheCityof

Surrey2．(real)helpedmebranchoutinmanydifferentdirectionsIvolunteeredover256hoursof3．(serve)duringthesummerhelpingwithdaycamps,teendancesandsoonIworkedhardanddidmybesttoshoweveryonethatthisis4．IlovetodoIstartedbytakingeverycourse5．(offer)throughthevolunteerprogramandthenbegantoapplyforpaidpositionsBytheendofthesummerI6．(hire)asadanceinstructorWorkingfortheCityofSurreyhasprovidedmewithsomanyopportunities7．wouldnothavepresentedthem-selvesanywhereelseIgotawell-paidjobmuch8．(early)thanIhadexpectedIwas9．(thank)thatIhadbeengiventhechance10．(work)forsuchanamazingcityanddomyparttomakeitthebestitcanbeInordertodealwithcommon1．(injury),it’sveryimportantforustoknowsomeknowledgeoffirstaidInourdailylife,weoftenneedtemporarytreatment2．someone’snoseisbleedingorwhensomeone’sskinismildlyburntInanemergency,weshouldputourhands3．thepropersettlementandapplyourfirstaidknowledgetopracticeBesides,weneed4．(brave)andquickactionForthepurposeofperformingfirstaid5．(proper),wecanknowaboutsomecommonsymptomsandrememberthefirstaidprocessoverandoveragainHowever,ifthesituationiscomplexortheinjuriesare6．(bear),itisnecessarytocallforanambulanceThehospitaltreatmentismore7．profession)8．doesnotmeanthatfirstaidisoflittleuseOnthecontrary,thetimelyhelpwillbeofvital9．(important)Rememberthatfirstaidcanmake10．differenceSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)AdvantagesofplayingbadmintonPlayingbadmintoncanbeafantasticsport.1、.What'smore.Playingbadmintonhasmanyhealthbenefitsforyourentirebody.BuildastrongbodyYougettorunupanddownthecourt.Youjumpuphighandbenddownlowwhenplaying.Yourmovementhastobeflexible,withgoodhand-eyecoordination（协调）.Themovementsgiveyourlegsgoodexercise.Atthesametime,swingingtheracketexercisesyourarms,shoulders,stomachandback.Beforeyouknowit,yourentirebodywillbenefitfrombettercoordination.2、.HaveagoodheartPlayingbadmintoncanactuallyloweryourbloodpressure,andreduceyourchancesofheartdisease.3、.Yourbodywillbebetterdefendedagainstenlargedarteries（动脉）thatcancausedeadlyheartattacks.Whetheryouaresufferingfromhighbloodpressureorsimplytryingit,playingbadmintonisagreatsport.EnjoyacolorfulsociallifeGymsoftenhostleagues,tournaments,andparties.4、.Sodon'tjustwatchatelevisionprogramaboutlosingfat.Getoutthereandsocializeinanorganizedbadmintonleague.MakeaSlimfigure5、.Hundredsofunwantedfatcanbeburnedoffwithallofthephysicalmovementsinvolvedwiththesport.Whetheryouareonthesandatthelocalbeach,orinsideagym,playingbadmintoncanbeanenjoyableweightlossexercise.A．YoucanevengrowstrongerandmoreattractiveB．Playingthegame,youcanmakeyourheartstrongerC．TopeopleofdifferentagesitisalsoaneasylightexerciseD．ItisimportanttodrinkplentyofwaterwhenplayingthesportE.YoucanfindabadmintoncourtinpublicparksorsomegymsF.Theyprovidechancesforyoutomeetfriends,orotherpeoplewithsimilarinterestsG.Ofcourse,oneofthemostwelcomebenefitsofplayingbadmintonisalwaysquickweightloss根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。WaystoRaiseaCharitableKidKidsbenefitinmanywaysfromlearningtobegenerousandcaringaboutother._______Studiesshowthatpossessingempathy（共鸣）alsomakeschildrenmorelikable,moreemployable,betterleaders,moreconscience-drivenandevenincreasestheirlifespan.Thebestnewsisthatempathycanbecultivated,andoneofthebestempathygeneratorsareserviceprojectstohelpkidsstepoutoftheircomfortzones,opentheireyesandexposethemtoothers’lives.Hereare3simple,science-backedtipstoinspiregenerosityinyourchildren.1、Beacharitablerolemodel.Theoldsaying,“Childrenlearnlearnwhattheylive”hasalotoftruthtoit.Studiesshowthatifparentsaregenerousandgiving,kidsarelikelytoadoptthosequalities._______Therearesoanydailyopportunities;phoning