高中英语语法之表语从句讲练结合

表语从句PredicativeClause1、表语从句的定义Thequestioniswhowilldoit.Thequestionisdifficult.

在复合句中充当表语的从句叫表语从句。位于主句的系动词之后，对主语进行解释、说明，使主语的内容具体化。表语从句必须用陈述语序。（表）（表）表语从句2、表语从句的结构Thequestionis

that

Iamtired.主语+系动词+引导词

+简单句表语从句Thequestioniswhowilldoit.定义：表语从句放在

之后，充当复合句中的

。结构:

Itseemsthatitisgoingtorain.Itlooksasifheisunhappytoday.主语+系动词+引导词+简单句系动词表语表语从句的定义Thedefinitionofpredicativeclause表语从句的判断Thejudgmentofthepredicativeclause系动词主要是be动词（am,is,are,was,were)，意为“是”。其它系动词：1)持续系动词（表示主语持续或保持一种状况或态度）：keep,remain,stay,stand2)“像”系动词（表示看起来像）：seem,appear,look3)感官系动词：look,feel,smell,sound,taste4)变化系动词（主语变成什么样）：become,grow,turn,fall,get,go5)终止系动词（主语已终止动作）：prove,turnout表语从句的引导词PART02表语从句引导词的选择WhatIcanseeis_____thepolicearetrainedtodefendthemselvesagainstattacks.Thepolicearetrainedtodefendthemselvesagainstattacks.whatIcanseethat

从属连词that不做成分,没有意义，连接作用，不能省略1.引导词的用法(that)

that在表语从句中

,又

且______

省略。1.Thefactisthat

hehasn’tyetrecoveredfromillness.2.Thereasonwhyhehastogois

thathismotherisillinbed.

既不充当成分没有意义不可引导词的用法Theuseofconjunctionwords表语从句引导词的选择Thequestionis___________theycouldhandletheproblem.Theycouldhandletheproblem.whether

从属连词whether不做成分,但有意义，表“是否”thequestionwhether在表语从句中表

,

但_______句子的成分。

1.Whatthedoctorreallydoubtsiswhether

mymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousdiseasesoon.2.Thequestioniswhether

itis

worthdoing.

“是否”2.引导词的用法(whether)不充当引导词的用法TheuseofconjunctionwordsSheaskedme

if/whether

shecouldborrowthesebooks.Thequestionisif/whetherwecanrelyonhim.在表语从句中,表“是否”时,只能用“whether”不能用“if”。Idon’tknow_______________hewantstogoalone.Theproblemwas__________hecouldcomeontime.√iforwhether?if/whetherwhether√引导词的用法Theuseofconjunctionwordswhat

在表语从句中充当______________

表示____________________________.1.Thequestionis

whatcausedtheaccident.2.Thatmountainisnolongerwhatitusedtobe.3.Whathetoldyouwaswhat

hadbeendiscussedatthemeeting.主语、表语、宾语什么，什么样子，或所…的（人或事）3.引导词的用法(what)主语表语宾语引导词的用法Theuseofconjunctionwords表语从句引导词的选择Thequestionis______wassuspectedofstealingthemoney.Theysuspectedsomeoneofstealingthemoney.who

连接代词做成分（主语/宾语/表语），有意义，不能省略。

who在表语从句中充当______________

表示____.Theproblemiswhocoulddothework2.Mytroubleiswho(whom)I

canturnto.主语、宾语或表语谁4.引导词的用法(who)主语宾语引导词的用法Theuseofconjunctionwords

which在引导表语从句时,常充当_____________

表示

。

Ireadaboutitinsomebookoranother,butwhatIdon’tknowiswhich(book)itis.

定语,表语其/当中哪一个5.引导词的用法(which)定语引导词的用法Theuseofconjunctionwords由asif,asthough引导表语从句，表示

。句子中的系动词常用look,appear,seem等。1.It

looks

asifitwasgoingtorain.2.Theyoungmanwithlonghairlooks

asifhewereagirl.

6.引导词的用法（asif,asthough）好像引导词的用法Theuseofconjunctionwords

当主句的主语为reason,或者是由why引导的从句时,与它们相关的表语从句用_________,而不能由__________引导;because引导表语从句时只能用于___________________________________句型中.1.ThereasonwhyIwaslatewasthat

Imissedthetrain.2.Iwaslate.It/That/Thiswasbecause

Imissedthetrain.thatbecauseIt/That/Thisis/wasbecause…7引导词的用法（thereasonwhy…isthat/Itisbecause…）引导词的用法Theuseofconjunctionwords当表语从句中主语、宾语、表语具备，但是还是要表示疑问含义，可以判断句子中缺少状语，常常用相应的特殊疑问词引导，有why表

,when表

,where表

,how表

等。Thisishowhedidit.Thatiswhythebrotherswantedtomakeabet.That’swhywe’vegivenyoutheletter.8.引导词的用法(why/when/where/how)为什么在…时候在哪里怎么样引导词的用法Theuseofconjunctionwords表语从句引导词的选择Hefailedintheexam.That's_______hefeltfrustrated.Hefeltfrustrated.Hefailedintheexam.why

连接副词做成分（状语），有意义，不能省略。wherewhenthat引导词Conjunctionwords引导词用法从属连词that无成分，无意义Whether无成分，意为“是否”连接代词what,which,who,whom,…+ever,whose在从句中充当主语，宾语，表语，定语连接副词how,when,where,…+ever,why在从句中充当状语其它连接词because,asif,asthough因为，好像，似乎即学即练learningandpracticeThisis__________Iwant.MyEnglishislimited.Thisis_______IhatereadingEnglishbooks.Thevillageis_________Iusedtospendmyholiday.Itis___________Ireallylovethewayhebehaves.Thetroubleis__________weareshortoffunds.Myproblemis__________coatissuitableforme.I‘

d

like

to

startmyownbusiness—that’s________IwanttodoifIhadthemoney.WhatIwanttoknowis_______willsupportme.whatwherewhybecausethatwhichwhatwho表语从句的注意事项PART03表语从句的语法规则ThegrammarrulersofthepredicativeclauseThequestionishowcanImakeyouunderstandtheknowledge.ThequestionishowIcanmake

youunderstandtheknowledge.Rule1:表语从句和宾语从句、主语从句一样，要用陈述语序：主语+谓语。表语从句的语法规则ThegrammarrulersofthepredicativeclauseRule2:表语从句的引导词没有if!!!Thequestionisifitisworthwhiletodoit.Thequestioniswhetheritisworthwhiletodoit.只用whether,不用if的情况WhethertodoWhether……ornot介词后的宾语从句从句：句首的主语从句，表语从句，同位语从句表语从句的语法规则ThegrammarrulersofthepredicativeclauseRule3:表语从句的虚拟语气Myproposalisthatwe(should)startearlytomorrow.Iproposethatwe(should)startearlytomorrow.Itisproposedthatwe(should)startearlytomorrow.在表示“建议，劝说，命令”的名词idea,advice,suggestion,request,proposal等后面的表语从句中，谓语动词用“should+动词原形”，should可省略表语从句的语法规则ThegrammarrulersofthepredicativeclauseRule3:asif/asthough引导的表语从句常跟在look,seem,sound,feel等后面语气：

若表示真实情况：用陈述语气若表示非真实情况：用虚拟语气Darkcloudsaregathering.Itlooksasifit’sgoingtorain.Itseemedasifthenightwouldneverend.表语从句的语法规则ThegrammarrulersofthepredicativeclauseRule3:asif/asthough引导的表语从句的虚拟语气：

若跟现在事实不符：过去式（be动词用were）若跟过去事实不符：haddone

若跟将来事实不符：would/could+动词原形Thelittleboytalksasifhekneweverythingintheworld.Hefeltasifhehadmetthisyoungladyforalongsomewhere.

表语从句引导词的选择Helooked________hehadseenaghost.asif他看起来好像见鬼了一样。与事实不符，表示对过去的虚拟，用过去完