2023年开封市南关区考研《英语一》深度自测卷含解析

2023年开封市南关区考研《英语一》深度自测卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)AfterAida’sparentsfledwar-tornBosniaforSwedenintheearly1990s,theyputtheirfive-year-olddaughterinaschoolfullofnativeSwedesandmadesureshestudiedhardtogetahead.It1.TodaysheisSweden’sministerforuppersecondaryeducation.LikeherfellowacrossEurope,shefacesanew2-makingsurethatafreshwaveofrefugeechildrencanintegrate(融入)assuccessfullyasshedid.Inthecountriesacceptingthemostrefugees-SwedenandGermany-lackof3isnotaproblem.Beforethemigrantpoured,bothcountriesfaced4numbersofpupilsbecauseoflowbirthrates.Thebiggestproblemfortheeducation5isthatrefugeechildrentendtobeconcentratedtogether.Many6schoolsnearrefugeecentersorinimmigrantneighborhoods.Thismeanstheyarepartiallyseparatedandless7tolearnthelocallanguage.Moreover,immigrants8findhousinginpoorareaswithlowereducationstandard.Schoolswheremorethanaquarterofstudentsareimmigrantsusually9worsethanthosewithnoimmigrants.From2002to2012Sweden’s10intheOECD’sProgrammeforInternationalStudentAssessment(PISA)fellmorethan11country’s.TheGermansystemhasits12.InsomeGermanstates,schooldaysarebeing13,andthe14hasmadeabiginvestmentinpreschooleducation.InSweden,meanwhileolderrefugeesarebeingtrainedasteaching15tospeedintegration.Butfarmorecouldbedone.Mostimportantly,Europeangovernmentsneedtotreatrefugeechildrenasan16ratherthanaproblem.17byadesperatedesireforabetterlife,theyandtheirparentstendtobehard-workingand18.Europeanswhoworriedaboutmigrantsstudyingtogether19theirchildrenshouldlake20becauseabouthalfoftherefugees(难民)reachingEuropefromSyriahaveuniversitydegrees,accordingtoUNHCR.1、A．studiedB．workedC．failedD．embarrassed2、A．programB．choiceC．challengeD．success3、A．spaceB．purposeC．knowledgeD．money4、A．decliningB．increasingC．spreadingD．raising5、A．contentB．processC．principleD．system6、A．joinB．joininC．attendD．takepartin7、A．possiblyB．likelyC．entirelyD．generally8、A．intendtoB．trendC．devotetoD．tendto9、A．applyB．equipC．performD．make10、A．rankB．rangeC．viewD．goal11、A．oneanotherB．theotherC．eachotherD．anyother12、A．rightB．strengthC．weaknessD．pride13、A．shortenedB．loosenedC．enlargedD．extended14、A．governmentB．schoolC．committeeD．university15、A．managersB．operatorsC．assistantsD．secretaries16、A．opportunityB．wonderC．newsD．complaint17、A．StrickenB．GuidedC．DrivenD．Confused18、A．curiousB．ambitiousC．anxiousD．eager19、A．againstB．withC．orD．in20、A．hopeB．convenienceC．respectD．comfortSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Amechanicalbicyclelock,likeaU-lock,shouldbeattachedtoasolidandimmobileobjectlikearack（架子）toensuresafety.However,theseracksarequiterareandpopular,thusoftenoccupiedandalthoughabicyclelockpreventsthebikefrombeingcarriedaway,asitfixessinglepartsliketheframeorthewheels,otherpartscanbedismounted.Thereforeanelectronicsystem,consistingofseveralsensors,canextendtherangeofprotectionwithonlyfewcomponentsandlesseffort.The‘RFIDBikealarm’isamotionsensitiveelectronicalarmsystemthatisattachedtotherailsofabikesaddle（座椅）.Featuringomnidirectional（全方位）movementsensingtodetecttinymovementsorspeeding-upandasmallwhistleemitting>120dBalarmsoundtoscareoffpotentialthievesbyarousingattention.Theinternalmicrocontrollerusesacomplexcomputerprogramtodistinguishbetweenaserioustheftandharmlessshakingmovementasitsensesandadaptstotheenvironment.Theusageisquitesimple:identifyyourselfbyholdingtheRFIDtagclosetothecasetolockorunlockthealarmsystemsignaledbyfeedbacksounds.TheRFID-technologyispredestinedforachievingthissimpleandsecureinteractionbecauseitdoesn’trequireanycomplexsystem,interactionorotherdevices—justasmalltag.The‘RFIDBikcalarm’ismeanttobeausefuladd-ontomechanicalbicyclelocksasitmassivelyextendstherangeofprotectionwithfewcomponents.Itislow-cost,durableandeasytouse.TheinternalbatterycanbechargedbyUSB．1、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dismounted”inParagraph1mostprobablymean?A．fixedupB．foundoutC．takenawayD．lockedup2、WhichofthefollowingshowstherightpositionoftheRFIDBikealarmonabicycle?A．B．C．D．3、WhatwillhappenwhensomeonestealsabikewiththeRFIDBikealarm?A．Noiseswillbemade.B．Thebikewillbelocked.C．Thethiefwillbeidentified.D．Messageswillbesenttotheowner.4、WhichofthefollowingisafeatureoftheRFIDBikealarm?A．Itusescomplexparts.B．Itneedsaracktopreventbiketheft.C．Itshighpricescaresawayitsbuyers.D．Itworkstogetherwithamechanicallock.Text2Whenaspecialoccasionarrives，acolorfulgiftbagoraboxoftenfindsitswaytoadoorstep，anofficedeskoramailbox．Butonceinawhile，apresentarrivesatanunexpectedmomentasareminderthatsomeoneisthinkingaboutus．WandaAndersonofRichland，US，rememberssuchagift．Therosebusheswerefinallyinfullbloomonthatdayinspring．SeeingrosesalwaysbringstomindWanda'schildhoodmemories．Tothisyounggirl，thoseflowerswerealuxury．"Weneverhadmoneytobuyextrathings，soevenatiredrosewassomethingtocherish，"Wandasaid．Nowadays，tohaveabackyardfilledwithmanydifferentrosesispureenjoyment．Wandaespeciallylovestheveryfirstblooms．Herhusband，Dale，devotedlytendstherosesandknowsthislittlefactabouthiswife．So，onthisparticularmorning，hepickedtheveryfirstflowersofspring，freshfromthegarden．ButasDalecamebackintothehouse，hewasmetbyaneighborwhohadstoppedinforaquickvisit．Asthewomanturnedtogo，Dalegraciously（有风度地）handedtherosestoher．Andeventhoughtheirvisitorinsistedshedidn'twanttotakethem，shewasrepeatedlyconvincedthattheflowerswereherstokeep．"ItoldherIwashappyforhertohavetheroses，butIreallywasn't，"Wandasaid，recallingtheemotionsshewasfeelingrightthen．Seeingherverypreciousfirstbloomsgooutofthedoorfilledherwithregret，andabitofselfishness．Throughouttherestofthemorning，Wandaarguedwithherself，knowinglogicallyitwas"bettertogivethantoreceive．"Nevertheless，shewishedshecouldhavekepttherosesforherself．Laterthatday，thecoupleheadedtothepostoffice，whereWandawaitedoutsideinthecar．Then，withoutwarning，anolderwomansuddenlyappearedatthecar'sopenwindow，withabunchofmulticoloredrosesinherarms．"Theseareforyou，"shesaid，givingtheflowerstoWanda．"They'remyfirstbloomsthisspring．"Totallysurprisedandoverwhelmed（不知所措的），Wandathankedthewomanandbentforamomenttoinhale（吸入）theroses'richfragrance．Whenshelookedback，themysteriousvisitorwasgone．Tothisday，that"specialdelivery"changedWanda．Now，herveryfirstbloomsalwaysgotosomeoneelse，asareminderthatsomeoneisthinkingofthem．1、WhydoesWandaloverosessomuch？______A．Shethinksthattheystandforpurelove．B．Shewasgiventhemoftenasachild．C．Herhusbandalwayssendsherroses．D．Shecouldn'taffordthemwhenshewasyoung．2、HowdidWandafeelaftertheneighborleft？______A．Worried． B．Upset．C．Satisfied． D．Relieved．3、WhatchangedWanda'sopinionofgivinggifts？______A．Theflowersherhusbandboughther．B．Thegiftsherneighborgavebacktoher．C．Therosesshereceivedfromastranger．D．Amysteriousdeliveryshegotfromthepostoffice．4、WhydoesWandaalwaysgiveawayherrosestoothersnow？______A．Toshowoffherbeautifulflowers．B．Toprovethatsheisn'tselfish．C．Tosurprisepeoplesheloves．D．Toshowthatshe'sthinkingofthem．Text3ShellharbourCityLibraryprovidesarangeofLibrarySpecialNeedsServicesforpeoplewhoareunabletoaccessourlibraryserviceintheusualway.AslongasyouliveinShellharbourCity,we’llprovideafullrangeoflibraryservicesandresourcesincluding:LargeprintedandordinaryprintedbooksTalkingbooksontapeandCDDVDsandmusicCDsMagazinesReferenceandinformationrequestsYouwillbeaskedtocompletea“StatementofNeed”applicationformwhichmustbesignedbyamedicalprofessional.HomedeliveryserviceLetusknowwhatyouliketoreadandwewillchoosetheresourcesforyou.Ourstaffwilldelivertheresourcestoyourhomeforfree.Wealsoprovideaservicewherewecanchoosetheresourcesforyouorsomeoneinsteadofyouchoosingthethingsfromthelibrary.Youcanalsochoosetheresourcesyouneedpersonally.TalkingbooksandcaptionedvideosThelibrarycanprovidetalkingbooksforpeoplewhoareunabletouseprintedbooksbecauseofeyediseases.Youdon’thavetomissoutonreadinganymorewhenyoucanborrowtalkingbooksfromthelibrary.Ifyouhavelimitedhearingwhichpreventsyoufromenjoyingmovies,wecanprovidecaptionedvideosforyouatnocharge.LanguagebesidesEnglishWecanprovidebooksinarangeoflanguagesbesidesEnglish.Ifpossible,wewillrequesttheseitemsfromtheStateLibraryofNSW.Australia.HowtojoinContacttheLibrarySpecialNeedsCoordinatortoregisterordiscussifyouareeligible(合适的)foranyoftheservicesweprovide—9amto5pmonTuesday,WednesdayandThursday.Call4297-2522formoreinformation.1、LibrarySpecialNeedsServicesareprovidedfor.A．thosewhoarefondofreadingB．onlythosewhohavewalkingdisabilitiesC．peoplelivinginShellharbourCitywithanillnessordisabilityD．thosewhocan’tgetmedicalhelpinShellharbourCity2、Ifpeoplewitheyediseaseswanttolearnabouthistory,theycanchoose.A．talkingbooksB．captionedvideosC．magazinesD．largeprintedbooks3、Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Fewentertainingresourcesareofferedhere.B．Bookswithdifferentlanguagesareavailable.C．peoplewithlimitedhearinghavetopayforcaptionedvideos.D．peoplehavetochoosewhattheyneedbythemselves.4、Togethomedeliveryservice,youmust.A．onlychooseprintedbooksB．registeraheadoftimeC．paythelibraryaheadoftimeD．haveotherschoosetheresourcesforyouText4Thinkplantsarejustboringgreenthingsthatyouuseforfoodanddecoration?Thinkagain!Plantsareabletodosomeprettyawesomethingsthatyou’reprobablytotallyunawareof.Researchershavediscoveredthatplantshavetheabilitytocommunicatewithanundergroundnetworkmadeupoffungus(真菌),whichservestheplantsinmanyways.Tomatoplantsusethefunguswebtowarneachotheroftheirownunhealthyconditions.Treesconnectedthroughthefungusnetworkcouldmovenutrients(养分)toandfromeachother.Itisbelievedthatlargertreesmovenutrientstosmalleronestohelpthemtosurvive.Notonlythat,buttheycanalsodamageunwelcomeplantsbyspreadingpoisonouschemicalsthroughthefungus.ItsoundsliketheplantworldhadtheInternetbeforewedid.Someplantshavearatherimpressivelineofdefenseagainstbeingeaten.Whensensingtheyarebeingswallowed,theygiveoffachemicalintotheairthatattractstheinsect’snaturalenemy.Theenemyattacksthebug,thussavingtheplants.Thisisbasicallytheplantkingdomversionofgettingyourolderbrothertobeatupthatkidwhostealsyourlunchmoney.Youmightbeawarethathumansandanimalshaveaninternalclock.Butdidyouknowthatplantsalsohavethisclock?Thismeanstheycanprepareforcertaintimesofdayjustlikewedo.Isitbecausetheycanreacttolightatsunrise?Inastudy,scientistsfoundthatplantsusethesugarstheyproducetokeeptime,whichhelptoregulatethegenesresponsiblefortheplant’sowninternalclock.So,inasense,―wakeupwithpetunias(矮牵牛)isjustasvalidas―wakeupwiththechickens.Natureisfullofsurprises.Soforthoseofyouwhodidn’tknowthewondersofplants,nowyoudo.1、Howmanywaysdoesthenetworkoffungusservetheplants?A．Two. B．Three.C．Four. D．Five.2、Whatdoestheunderlinedwords―“yourolderbrother”inParagraph4referto?A．Thechemicalgivenoffbyplants. B．Theinsect’snaturalenemy.C．Thebugattackedbytheenemy. D．Theplanttobeeatenbytheinsect.3、Whathelpstheplantkeeptime?A．Thesugarsproducedbyitself. B．Itsowngenes.C．Thetimeofsunrise. D．Itsresponsetolight.4、Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A．Toshowhisloveofdifferentplants.B．Tosharehisstudyonsomeawesomeplants.C．Tointroducetheunknownabilitiesofplants.D．Tomakepeopleawareofplantprotection.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Therearemoreandmorecasesofdriversbehavingviolentlytowardsotherroad1．(use)Researchhasshownthatthisnewformofcrime2．(call)roadrage(路怒）isagrowingworldwideproblemRoadragecanhappentoanyoneatanytimeAsurveyhasshownthatthemorningrushhourappearstobe3．mostlikelytimeforaroadrageattack,andattackersatemostlikelytobe4．their20sor30sDrivingtoocloseandsuddenbraking(刹车)5．(be)thebiggestcausesofroadrageIrresponsibledrivers6．drivetoocloseoftenmakethedriverinfront7．(respond)bysuddenbraking8．(fortunate),mostroadrageincidentsdon’tleadtodeathorinjury9．theycanbeextremelyunpleasantforthevictimMyadvice:KeepcoolIfwillonlymakethings10．(bad)MobilephonescanbeusefultoyouYoushouldtelephonethepoliceimmediatelyifyoufeelanaggressivesituationcouldgetoutofcontrolMayIhaveyourattention，please？NowI'dliketomakeaspeechhereAsweknow，waste1．(become)acommonsceneoncampusrecentlySomepourtheremainsofamealwherethereisstillmuch2．(leave);others3．(simple)walkawayafterwashinghands，leavingthewater4．(run);studentsleavetheclassroomeveryday5．noticingwhetherfansareswitchedoffHasthrift(节俭)，oneofthenationaltraditions6．developedfromourlonghistorygone？7．so，finditback!Wedon'thavetotakegreatpainstocontrolwaste，butactionandagratefulheartareneeded；thankthewaterthatrunsthroughourfingers，andsaveitforpoorArabianorAfricancountriesstrugglinginwater8．(short);thankthelightweenjoybecauseinpoorareas，childrenshare9．dimlampreading;thankallthepaperweareabletouse，fortreesarecutdown10．(satisfy)ourneeds；thankeverythingnaturecanofferandeverythingwecanownLiveandact，sothetraditionofthriftwillneverfadeSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Howmanyofyoufeelthatyoureallyshouldbeworkingharder?Atthesametime,howmanyofyouwishyouhadmoretimetohavefunandenjoyyourself?Sohowcanyousolvethisparadox(悖论)？1、Sometimesatightschedulecanleaveyoufeelingburntout.Ontheotherhand,spendingmostofyourtimeonleisure(休闲)oftenmeansyoudon’tendupgettinganythingdone.Sohowcanyouachieveabalancebetweenworkandleisure?Thefirststepistoimprovethequalityoftheactivitiesyoucurrentlydoforbothworkandleisure.Bydoingthis,youcangetalotmoreoutoftheactivitiesusinglesstime.2、.Focusingonwhatisreallyimportantwillallowyoutoputyourtimeintothingsthataretrulyproductiveorenjoyable(orboth).3、Havingthetimetodothingssimplyisn’tenoughCertaintasksrequirealotofyourfocusandenergy.Bytryingtoincreaseyourenergylevels,throughproperdietandexercise,itiseasiertofocusonthesetasksratherthanwastetime.Thethirdstepistoseparateyourworkfromleisuretime.Whenyouhaveaprojectthatdemandsmuchofyourtime,youtendtosacrificeleisuretimetocontinueworking.Inthiscaseyou’llfeelburntout.It’sbettertoguaranteeyourselfcertaintimetoleisure.4、Achievingthebalancebetweenworkandleisurecanbedifficult.Butitisnotonlynicebutabsolutelynecessaryforbothyourproductivityandenjoyment.Understandingthatismostimportant.5、A．Itisapieceofcaketodealwithboth.B．Manyofyouractivitiesarenotsoimportant.C．Solvingthisproblemcanbedifficultforyou.D．Thesecondsteptosolvethisproblemisenergy.E.Thiswillallowyoutogainmoreworkingexperience.F.Hopefully,youcannowstrikeabalancebetweenworkandleisure.G.Thusyoucangiveyourselfplentyoftimetorelaxwhenyouneed