2021年甘肃省白银市高考英语模拟试卷（一）（附详解）

2021年甘肃省白银市高考英语模拟试卷（一）

一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）

A

Aneatingdisorderisamentalhealthconditionthatsignificantlyaffectsfooddecisions,

self-imageandeverydayactivities,whichcanaffectanyoneofanyageandanygender.

MillionsofAmericansarediagnosedwithaneatingdisordereachyear.Herearefourcommon

typesofeatingdisorders.

Avoidantorrestrictivefoodintakedisorder

AccordingtoAlinaPetre,aregistereddietitian,peoplewiththiskindofeatingdisordereatless

duetoalackofinterestinfoodordistasteforhowcertainfoodslook,orsmell,ortaste.They

mayloseweight,orexperiencenutritionalshortageduetoeatinglessthanwhatisnecessaryfor

maintainingahealthydiet.

AnorexiaNervosa

Thisisthetypeeveryoneusuallyfirstthinksofwhentheyheartheterm''eatingdisorder".

Peoplewithanorexianervosaarecrazyaboutperfectingtheirbodyimage.Theyliketoremain

incontrolbylimitingtheamountofcaloriestheyconsumetoachievetheiridealbodyshape.

Evenwhentheyareseverelyunderweight,peoplewiththisdisorderhaveahardtime

recognizingit.

BulimiaNervosa

Peoplewiththistypeofeatingdisorderindulge（沉溺于）inalargeamountoffood,andmake

themselvespurge（清除）shortlyafter.Purginggivesthemasenseofrelief.Andsimilarlyto

anorexianervosa,thishelpsthemfeelliketheyYeincontroloftheirownbodies.

Itmaybehardforotherstospotthosewithbulimianervosabecausetheymightbeableto

maintainanormalweight.

Bingeeatingdisorder

Peoplewhobingeconsumealargeamountoffbodonaday-to-daybasis.Theyoftentopthe

suggesteddailycalorieintake,andareusuallyoverweightorobese.

1.Whichofthefollowingmakespatientslackinterestinfood?

A.BulimiaNervosa.

B.AnorexiaNervosa.

C.Restrictivefoodintakedisorder.

D.Bingeeatingdisorder.

2.WhydosomepeoplesufferfromAnorexiaNervosa?

A.Tobearegistereddietitian.

B.Toexperiencenutritionalshortage.

C.Torecognizetheirunderweight.

D.Tokeeptheirfigure.

3.What'sthesimilaritybetweenAnorexiaNervosaandBulimiaNervosa?

A.Feelingtheirbodiesareundercontrol.

B.Recognizingtheirowneatingdisorder.

C.Keepinganormalbodyweight.

D.Creatinganindividualizedtreatmentplan.

B

Iwalkeduptothecounter.Behinditwasaladywithglassesonthetipofhernoseandgrayhair

onherhead.

"Excuseme,"Isaid.Shelookedup."You'rethatClementskid,"shesaid."I'mMissBee.Come

closerandletmegetalookatyou."Shepushedherglassesuphernose."Icandescribeyouto

thepoliceifsomethinggoesmissingfromthestore.”

"I'mnotathief!"Iwasshocked.Iwasseven,tooyoungtobeathief!

"FromwhatIcansee,you'renotmuchofanything.ButIcantellyou'vegotpotential.,^She

wentbacktoreadinghernewspaper.

"Ineedtogetthese.1'Isaid,holdingupmylist."So?Gogetthem.'1MissBeepointedtoasign

onthescreendoor/Tmnotyourservant,soIsuggestyougetyourselfabasketandstart

filling/'

IvisitedMissBeeseveraltimesaweekthatsummer.Sometimessheshort-changedme.Other

timessheovercharged.'Thatcanofbeansisonlytwentyninecents"Icorrectedherone

afternoon.Ihadwatchedthenumberschangeonthecashregisterclosely,andMissBeehad

added35cents.Shedidn'tseemembarrassed.Shejustlookedatmeoverherglassesandfixed

theprice.

Butsheeverletmedeclarevictory.Allsummerlongshefoundwaystoplaytricksonme.No

soonerhadIlearnedhowtopronouncebicarbonateofsoda（小苏打）andmemorizedits

locationontheshelfthanMissBeerearrangedtheshelveandmademehuntforitalloveragain.

第2页，共22页

OnedaybeforeIleft,shesaid,"Iknowwhatyouthinkofme,butIdon'tcare!Eachofusisput

onthisearthforareason.IbelievemyjobistoteacheverychildImeetlifelessons.Whenyou

getolderyou'llbegladourpathscrossed!"GladImetMissBee?Ha!Theideawasabsurd...

Untilonedaymydaughteraskedmetofinishhermathproblems."IfIdoitforyou,howwill

youeverlearntodoityourself?”Isaid.Suddenly,IrememberedtheladyMissBee.

4.ThegirlfeltwhenMissBeeimpliedshecouldbeathief.

A.surprisedB.shockedC.puzzledD.annoyed

5.WecaninferfromParagraph6thatMissBee.

A.showednocareabouthermistakes

B.madethegirllearntodouble-check

C.wasalwaysplayingtricksonthegirl

D.wascarelessanddishonesttodobusiness

6.ItcanbelearnedfromthepassagethatMissBee.

A.knewherjobwastohelpeverychildshemet

B.askedthegirltoshopbyherselftotestherhonesty

C.taughtthegirlmanylessonsbutshedidn'tunderstand

D.rearrangedtheshelvestoteachthegirltobechangeable

7.WhichisNOTthelessonthewriterlearntfromshopping?

A.Treatotherskindlyandpolitely.

B.Don'tbesoquicktojudgeothers.

C.Thebestteachersaren'tonlyinschool.

D.Tryourbestthoughthetaskseemsbeyondus.

c

SriLankaplanstostoreanduseabillioncubicmetersofrainwatereachyeartosupport

irrigationandpowergeneration.Therainwaterwouldgointotheseaifitisnotused.

TheislandcountryinSouthAsiaisbuildingthenewwatermanagementsysteminthecountry's

dryzone.Climatechangehasseverelyhurttheareainthepast10years.Theregionisalso

sufferingaseverewatercrisis.Theareacoversthenorthernandeasternpartsofthecountry.It

ishometoaboutone-thirdofSriLanka'stwentymillionpeople.Itisalsomainlyagricultural

land.

Expertssaytheprojectcoulduseenoughwatertofilltwoofthecountry*slargestreservoirs（水

库）,VictoriaandRandenigala.Thegovernmentanddonorsarepavingforthe$675million

project.WorkbeginsthismonthandshouldbecompletedbyDecember2024.

Theplanhasbeenoneofthenation'slargestwater-relatedprojectsinthepastyears.Itincludes

theconstructionoftwonewreservoirsand260kilometersofnewcanalslinkingexisting

reservoirs.Theaimistohelpthedryzonebetterregulateitswatersupplyforpowergeneration

andfarming.

ShanmugasivanathanisatopofficialwiththeDepartmentofIrrigation.Hesaidthatrain

patternshavebeenchangingandthedryzoneisgettinglesswaternow.HesaidSriLanka

needstomakethemostofthewaterusage.

Thecountry'srainfallis2,000millimetersperyear.Abouthalffallsinthedryzone.Mostof

thefarmingtheredependsonirrigation.Smallwatertanksholdwaterfromtheregion'slarge

reservoirs.

Mr.Shanmugasivanathansaidthedryzonefacestheextremesoffloodsanddroughtastherain

patternshavechanged.But,hesaidthereisnosysteminplacetocapturefloodwaters,so

droughtcanhappeneveninyearsoffloods.

8.What'sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword"regulate"inthefourthparagraph?

A.Reduce.B.Limit.C.Control.D.Change.

9.Howmuchmaytherainfallbeinthedryzoneperyear?

A.980millimeters.B.2,000millimeters.

C.675millimeters.D.260millimeters.

10.WhatdoweknowaboutthedryzoneinSriLanka?

A.Itismainlyaboutindustrialland.

B.Itishometoabout20millionpeople.

C.Itisgoingthroughaseverewatershortage.

D.Itcoversthesouthernandeasternparts.

11.Whatcanwepossiblyinferfromthenewwatermanagementsystem?

A.Itwillplayanimportantroleinsolvingthedrought.

B.Theseawatercanbemadebetteruseofforfarming.

C.Therewillbemorerainfallafteritscompletion.

D.Itwillbethelargestwater-relatedprojectinAsia.

D

第4页，共22页

ThefirstselectionofUnderstandingChina,aseriesofbookstellingthestoriesofcontemporary

China,waspresentedtoUSreadersforthefirsttimesincetheirpublicationatthe2018

BookExpoAmerica(BEA)inNewYork.

"TellingthestoriesofChina,theCommunistPartyofChina(CPC)andChina's

communicationwiththerestoftheworldthroughaseriesofbooksisthebestwaytohelpthose

whocareaboutChinaacquirenewknowledge,"saidZhengBijian,headoftheeditorialboard.

ThebookspresentedattheBEAconsistof15ChineseversionsandsevenEnglishversions.

Zhengsaysthathestronglyrecommendsthebooks,"Thewritersdonotexaggerate(夸大)the

achievementsChinahasmade,nordotheyshyawayfromquestionsthatChinafaces,"Zheng

explained."Andthebooksarenotsimplytheauthors'academicworks,butincludestories,

whichareeasyforreaderstounderstand."

Intermsoftopicsandexpressions,thebookstakeintofullconsiderationforeignreaders'wayof

thinking,andtheEnglishtranslationstrytomeetforeignreaders1readinghabits.Theauthorsare

confidentthattheserieswillheacceptedandvaluedbyfriendsinvarioussectors,andwill

provideawealthofinformationfortheinternationalcommunityinunderstandingChinese

cultureandchoices,andadaptingtothedevelopmentofChina.

Inherspeech,DawnNakagawa,ExecutiveVicePresidentoftheBerggruenInstitute,highly

praisedtheacademicqualityandvalueoftheseries.nForfartoolong,wehaveletideological

(思想体系的)differencesblindustoourcommonfutureandthebenefitsofworking

together.Indeedwehaveverydifferentpoliticalsystems,"saidNakagawa."Ifwelistentoeach

otherandarewillingtolearnfromeachotherperhaps,itwouldbenefitbothofourgovernance

systems.'1

Theirnextpublishingplanistoinviteworld-famousscholarsandpoliticianstowritebookson

thethemefromtheirpointsofview.

12.WhomistheUnderstandingChinaseriesintendedfor?

A.USreaders.B.Chinesereaders.

C.Internationalreaders.D.Scholarsandpoliticians.

13.InZhengBijian*sopinion,theUnderstandingChinaseriesis.

A.objectiveandvividB.relaxingandcreative

C.officialandeducativeD.academicanddifficult

14.WhatisthekeytoourcommonfutureaccordingtoDawnNakagawa?

A.Perfectionofthepoliticalsystem.

B.Communicationandcooperation.

C.Improvementinacademicquality.

D.Understandingofculturaldifferences.

15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.NewChina,NewAchievements

B.BetterUnderstanding,BetterChina

C.BookExpoAmericatoBeContinued

D.NewBooksonUnderstandingChina

二、阅读七选五(本大题共5小题，共10.0分)

Teamshavealwaysbeen,andwillalwaysbeimportantforbuildingasuccessfulbusiness.(1)

.Ittakesplanningandongoingefforttogetthemrightandtokeepthemthatway.

Considerthefollowingstepstobuildingreallyeffectiveteams.

(2)

Beforeyoubegin,takeamomenttoappreciatethepowerofteamworkandhowyoucanbest

usethistool.Asuccessfulteamprojectmaximizesthetalentsofitsindividualmembers,butthe

truepowerofteamworkcomesfromthegroup'scohesion(凝聚力)andcombinedenergies

focusedonacommongoal.

Choosetherightpeople

(3),you'llneedtogettherightpeoplefbrthejob.Ifpossible,trytoinclude

employeesordepartmentsinyourorganizationthatbringvariedexperiencesandviewstothe

project.Trytochoosepeopleforyourteamwhotogetherwillprovideabroadviewonyour

project.

Delegate(授权)

Onceyou'vechosenyourteamandoutlinedyourexpectations,delegatetheauthorityandaccess

theteamneedstocompletetheproject.(4).Instead,workwiththemtosetgoals,and

thenremoveobstacles,grantaccess,andprovidethesupportyourteamneedstoachievethose

goals.

Monitorprogress

Ideally,oncetherightpeoplefortheteamarechosen,everythingwilltakecareofitself.

Actually,youwillhavetocheckthattheteamisworkingwelltogetherandthattheprojectison

track.Provide,asnecessary,aforumwhereyouandtheteamcanshareconcerns,successes,

第6页，共22页

andprojectstatusonaregularbasis.

Celebrateyoursuccesses

(5),thenbesuretorecognizethewinandcelebrateit.Atleast,scheduleafinal

teammeetingwhereyoucanthankthegroupcollectivelyanddescribethepositiveimpacttheir

workwillhaveonyourorganizationandyourcustomers.

A.Recognizethepowerofteamwork

B.Ifyouwantyourteamtobereallyeffective

C.Whenyourteamaccomplishesorgoesbeyonditsgoals

D.Ifyoulettheteamworkthroughitsownchallenges

E.Butbuildinggreatteam,isn*tsomethingthatjusthappens

F.Greatteamscanhelpyougetmorethingsdonebetter

G.Avoidtellingmembersofateamwhattodoandhowtodoit

16.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

17.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

18.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

19.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

20.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

三、完形填空(本大题共20小题，共30.0分)

Vytialingamwasshoppingwhenthesoundofblaringhorns(刺耳的喇叭)caughlhisattention.

Heturnedandspottedasmalldog(1)inandoutoftraffic.Filledwithfear,hehurried

outanddrovehiscar(2)thedogdownthestreet.

Vehiclesweregoingalongthestreetandthedogwaswalkingrightintothem.Vytialingam

heldhis(3)eachtimethedogturnedintooncomingtrafficuntilhefinallygotclose

enoughto(4).ThedognoticedVytialingam's(5)armsandslowlywalked

outofthemiddleofthe(6).

Asthedog(7),Vytialingamnoticeda(8)tiedaroundherneck.Hehoped

itwouldbe(9)informationtogetthelittledogbacktoherownerthatwaslooking

(10)forher.Whenheopenedit,hisheart(11).Thenote,writteninthe

dog's(12),saidhernamewasSiggyandthatherowner(13)herbecause

oflossofraisingability.

VytialingamtookSiggyhome.Ittookherafewhoursto(14)toVytialingam.She

beganinchingclosertohim,keepingstrongeyecontactandallowinghimtoholdherclose.

SiggyshowsVytialingameverydayjusthow(15)sheistobeinahome.Sheis(16)

withhim.

However,Siggyandhisrescuedog,Sammo,haven'tgottenalong.Luckily,Vytialingam's

brotherhasdecidedto(17)herinoncetheCOVID-19MovementControlOrderin

Malaysia(18).

VytialingamhopesSiggy'srescuestorywillbea(19)thatabandoningpetsshould

neverbean(20)withsomanyanimalsheltersreadytofindthemahome.

21.A.runningB.barkingC.escapingD.jumping

22.A.walkingB.searchingC.huntingD.following

23.A.headB.breathC.beliefD.faith

24.A.pulloverB.drawnearC.stayawayD.catchup

25.A.longB.strongC.openD.close

26.A.homeB.carC.shopD.road

27.A.hesitatedB.stoppedC.approachedD.fled

28.A.signB.noteC.circleD.chain

29.A.touchB.contactC.bodyD.material

30.A.happilyB.steadilyC.anxiouslyD.sincerely

31.A.sankB.fellC.jumpedD.heat

32.A.styleB.address

C.identificationD.voice

33.A.freedB.abandonedC.soldD.lost

34.A.warmupB.giveupC.stayupD.getup

35.A.helplessB.happyC.relaxedD.stressed

36.A.calmB.wildC.patientD.numb

37.A.bringB.fetchC.takeD.give

38.A.pausesB.disappearsC.startsD.ends

第8页，共22页

39.A.promiseB.symbolC.reminderD.struggle

40.A.opportunityB.attitudeC.experienceD.option

四、语法填空(本大题共1小题，共15.0分)

41.AswasannouncedonJuly31st,2020,China'sBeidouNavigationSatelliteSystem(BDS)

hasbeencompletedandstartedprovidingfull-scaleglobalservices/1)(mark)

theformalopeningofthe(2)

(new)completedBDS-3systemforglobalusers.Thisisanewmilestonein

China'sspaceindustry(3)alsoamajorachievementinscience,technologyand

innovation(仓U新).

Beidouisthe(4)(large)space-basedsystemofChinaandoneoffourglobal

navigationnetworks.Morethan300,000scientists,engineersandtechnicianshavebeen

involvedinBeidou*sdevelopmentand(5)(construct).Dozensof(6)

(distinguish)scientistsfromtheChineseAcademyofSciencesandtheChinese

AcademyofEngineeringhavetakenpartintheprogram.

InlateJune,(7)finalsatellitetocompleteBeidou'sthird-generationnetworkwas

liftedbyaLongMarch3Bcarrierrocket.Afterin-orbittestsoverthepastmonths,the

satellite,the59thintheBeidoufamilyand30thinthethird-generationseries,(8)

(start)itsformaloperations.

Since2000,atotalof59BeidousatelliteshavebeenlaunchedfromXichangon44Long

March3-seriesrockets,(9)someofthemhavingretired.Now,there(10)

(be)30third-generationBeidousatellitesinthreetypesoforbit-24in

medium-Earthorbits,threeininclinedgeosynchronous(倾斜地球同步)satelliteorbits

andthreeingeostationaryorbits.

五、短文改错(本大题共1小题，共10.0分)

42.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文.文

中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删

除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(A),并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉.

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Inmyschool,Ms.Liismyfavouriteteacher.ThoughshehasbeenteachingEnglishfor

twentiethyearsinourschool,butsheisstillenthusiasticaboutteaching.Shewaskindand

consideratetowardsusjustlikeourmother.Weallrespectherbecauseshealwaystries

newwaysmaketheclasseslivelyandinterested.Hard-workingandknowledgeable,sheis

oneofthebestteacherinourschool.Wheneverwehavetheproblem,wewillturntoher

forhelp.Shealwaystalkstouspatientandhelpsusfindaway.Inoureyes,heisnotonly

ourteacherbutalsoourbestfriend.Thosearewhyshedeserveourrespect.

六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）

43.你校正在组织英语作文比赛，请你以"AnUnforgettableClassMeeting"为题，写一篇

短文参赛，内容包括：

1.班会主题；

2.效果与感悟。

注意：

1.词数100左右;

2.短文题目和首句已为你写好。

AnUnforgettableClassMeetingOnSundayeveninglastweek,wehadawonderfulclass

meeting,whichIwillneverforget.

第10页，共22页

答案和解析

1.【答案】

【小题1]C【小题2】D【小题3】A

【解析】（1）C.细节理解题。根据"Avoidantorrestrictivefoodintakedisorder"部分第一

句"AccordingtoAlinaPetre,aregistereddietitian,peoplewiththiskindofeatingdisordereat

lessduetoalackofinterestinfoodordistasteforhowcertainfoodslook,orsmell,ortaste.

（注册营养师AlinaPetre认为，患有这种饮食失调的人之所以少吃，是因为他们对食物

缺乏兴趣，或者厌恶某些食物的外观、气味或味道）”可知，限制性食物摄入障碍使患

者对食物缺乏兴趣。故选C.

（2）D.细节理解题。根据"AnorexiaNervosa"部分第二句"Peoplewithanorexianervosaare

crazyaboutperfectingtheirbodyimage.（神经性厌食症患者热衷于完善自己的身体形象）

”可知，有些人患有神经性厌食症是因为要保持他们的身材。故选D.

（3）A.推理判断题。根据"BulimiaNervosa"部分第一段最后一句"Andsimilarlyto

anorexianervosa,thishelpsthemfeellikethey'reincontroloftheirownbodies.（与神经性厌

食症相似，这有助于他们感觉自己控制了自己的身体）"可知，神经性厌食症与神经性

贪食症的相似性是感觉他们的身体在自己控制之下。故选A.

这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四种常见的饮食失调。

1.直接信息题：

直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。

2.间接信息题：

间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原

文信息进行转换。

3.综合信息题：

综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或

者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章

取义。

4.【答案】

【小题1】B【小题2】B【小题3】C【小题4】A

【解析】（1）B.细节理解题。根据第三段Tmnotathief!"wasshocked.Iwasseventoo

youngtobeathief!（"我不是小偷!”我很震惊。我才7岁,怎么可能当小偷!）可知,当

MissBee说暗示作者可能做贼时，作者很震惊，shocked意为“震惊的"。A.surprised惊

讶的；B.shocked震惊的；C.puzzled疑惑的；D.annoyed恼怒的。故选B.

（2）B.推理判断题。根据第六段第2-4句Sometimessheshort-changedme,Othertimesshe

overcharged."Thatcanofbeansisonlytwentyninecents"!correctedheroneafternoon.（有时

她少找我钱。有时她会多收钱。“那罐豆子只要二十九美分。”一天下午，我纠正她。）

可知，MissBee有时少找零钱，有时多收钱。在MissBee多收豆子的钱时，作者纠正她

的错误。由此可推断，作者由开始的不会购物到后来的知道MissBee的帐算错了，作

者通过购物学到了"仔细复核，仔细检查”的人生教益。B.madethegirllearnto

double-check（让女孩学会重复检查）正确。故选B.

（3）C.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后两句GladImetMissBee?Ha!Theideawas

absurd.“庆幸遇见蜜蜂小姐？哈!这个想法很荒谬…）可知，作者对于庆幸遇见MissBee

的想法认为是荒谬的。由此可推知，作者对于MissBee对她人生的影响，在当时她还

不能理解。C.taughlthegirlmanylessonsbutshedidn'tunderstand（教了这个女孩很多，

但她不懂）正确。故选C.

（4）A.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后两句GladImetMissBee?Ha!Theideawas

absurd.可知，作者一开始对于MissBee是不理解的，对她印象不好。到最后一段最后一

句，可知作者后来理解了MissBee.故B选项正确。根据最后一段最后一句Suddenly」

rememberedtheladyMissBee.（突然，我想起了MissBee。）可知，作者在购物中学到

了很多东西。故C项正确；根据最后一段第二句"IfIdoitforyouhowwillyoueverlearn

todoityourself?"（如果我替你做了，那你自己怎么能学会呢？）可知，要学会自己解

决难题。故D项正确。A.Treatotherskindlyandpolitely.（善待他人，礼貌待人）与文

章中心无关。故选A.

本文讲述了作者在一个暑假，频繁进入MissBee的杂货店购物，从一开始的被少找钱，

多收钱到后来学会仔细复核，仔细检查的故事。作者在购物中学到了”仔细复核，仔细

检查”的人生教益。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找

出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有

第12页，共22页

据。

8.【答案】

【小题1】c【小题2】A【小题3】C【小题4】A

【解析】（1）C.词句猜测题。根据第四段中"Itindudestheconstructionoftwonewreservoirs

and260kilometersofnewcanalslinkingexistingreservoirs.（其中包括修建两座新水库和

连接现有水库的260公里新运河）”可知，这个计划包括水库的修建，再根据第三句中

lKl"itswatersupplyforpowergenerationandfarming（发电和农业用水。）"可知，这个计

划的目标是控制管理发电和农业用水所以regulate意为"控制，管理"。A.Reduce.减少；

B.Limit.限制;C.Control.控制；D.Change.改变。故选C.

（2）A.推理判断题。根据第六段中"Thecountry'srainfallis2,000millimetersperyear.

Abouthalffallsinthedryzone.（这个国家的降雨量是每年2000毫米。大约一半落在干

旱区。）”结合选项可知，2000毫米的一半为1000毫米，所以落在干旱区的大约有980

毫米。故选A.

（3）C.细节理解题。根据第二段中"Theregionisalsosufferingaseverewatercrisis.（该

地区也正遭受严重的水危机。）”可知，斯里兰卡的干旱地区正经历严重的缺水。故选

C.

（4）A.推理判断题。根据第四段第一句"Theplanhasbeenoneofthenation'slargest

water-relatedprojectsinthepastyears.（该计划是过去几年该国最大的与水有关的项目之

一。）"可知，这个新的水管理系统将在解决旱灾方面发挥重要作用。故选A.

这是一篇说明文。斯里兰卡的干旱地区正经历严重的缺水，一个新的水管理系统将在解

决旱灾方面发挥重要作用。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找

出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子

的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

12.【答案】

【小题1】C【小题2】A【小题3】B【小题4】D

【解析】（1）C.推理判断题。根据第四段第一句"Intermsoftopicsandexpressions,thebooks

takeintofullconsiderationforeignreaders'wayofthinking,andtheEnglishtranslationstryto

meetforeignreaders1readinghabits.（在主题和表达方式上，本书充分考虑了外国读者的

思维方式，英文译本尽量符合外国读者的阅读习惯）”和第二段第一句"Tellingthestories

ofChina,theCommunistPartyofChina（CPC）andChina*scommunicationwiththerestof

theworldthroughaseriesofbooksisthebestwaytohelpthosewhocareaboutChinaacquire

newknowledge（通过丛书讲述中国、中国共产党以及中国与世界交流的故事，是帮助

关心中国的人获得新知识的最佳途径）”可知，《了解中国》系列面向国际读者。故选C.

（2）A.推理判断题。根据第三段第二句"Thewritersdonotexaggerate（夸大）the

achievementsChinahasmade,nordotheyshyawayfromquestionsthatChinafaces（作家

不夸张中国取得的成就，也不回避中国面临的问题）”可知，这一系列书很客观，根据

第三段第三句"Andthebooksarenotsimplytheauthors*academicworks,butincludestories,

whichareeasyforreaderstounderstand.（而这一系列书不仅仅是作者的学术作品，还包

括故事，读者很容易理解”可知，这一系列书很生动。故选A.

（3）B.推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句"Ifwelistentoeachotherandarewillingtolearn

fromeachotherperhaps,itwouldbenefitbothofourgovernancesystems.如果我们互相倾听,

并愿意互相学习，也许对我们两个治理体系都有好处）”可知，DawnNakagawa表示，

沟通与合作是我们共同未来的关键。故选B.

（4）D.标题归纳题。根据第一段"ThefirstselectionofUnderstandingChina,aseriesof

bookstilingthestoriesofcontemporaryChina,waspresentedtoUSreadersforthefirsttime

sincetheirpublicationatthe2018BookExpoAmerica（BEA）inNewYork.',（《了解中国》

是讲述当代中国故事的系列丛书，自2018年纽约美国书展（BEA）出版以来，首次向

美国读者呈现”可知。文章主要是介绍讲述当代中国故事的系列丛书《了解中国》。故

选D.

这是一篇说明文。文章主要是介绍讲述当代中国故事的系列丛书《了解中国》。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找

出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子

的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

16.【答案】

【小题11F【小题2】A【小题3】B【小题41G【小题5】C

【解析】(1)F.推理判断题。根据前文"Teamshavealwaysbeen,andwillalwaysbe

importantforbuildingasuccessfulbusiness."(团队对于建立一个成功的企业来说一直都

第14页，共22页

是非常重要的。）可知，此处是讲团队很重要，对应选项F中的"Greatteams",选项F"

优秀的团队可以帮助你把更多的事情做得更好”是对前文的解释，因为优秀的团队可以

帮助你把更多的事情做得更好，所以团队对于建立一个成功的企业来说一直都是非常重

要的。所以选项F切合文意。故选F.

（2）A.标题归纳题。标题归纳题。根据后文"Beforeyoubegin,takeamomenttoappreciate

thepowerofteamworkandhowyoucanbestusethistool."（在开始之前，花点时间欣赏团

队合作的力量，以及如何最好地使用这个工具。）可知，此处是指要认可团队的力量，

所以选项A”认识到团队合作的力量”切合文意。故选A.

（3）B.推理判断题。根据后文"you'llneedtogettherightpeopleforthejob"（你需要找

合适的人来做这项工作）可知，后文为主句，所以空格处应为从句或非谓语动词，根据

句意可知，此处是指如果想要团队更高效，则需要找合适的人来做这项工作。所以选项

B"如果你想让你的团队真正有效"切合文意。故选B.

（4）G.推理判断题。根据前文"Onceyou'vechosenyourteamandoutlinedyour

expectations,delegate