2021届高考英语复习之真题阅读词块与阅读练习（六十八）

2021高考英语复习之真题阅读词块与阅读练习（六十八）

2018全国三卷（B篇）

目录内容

第一部分高考真题试做

第二部分真题词块解析

第三部分模拟题训练

一：真题试做

Citiesusuallyhaveagoodreasonforbeingwheretheyare,likeanearbyportorriver.People

settleintheseplacesbecausetheyareeasytogettoandnaturallysuitedtocommunicationsand

trade.NewYorkCity,forexample,isnearalargeharbouratthemouthoftheHudsonRiver.Over

300yearsitspopulationgrewgraduallyfrom800peopleto8million.Butnotallcitiesdevelop

slowlyoveralongperiodoftime.Boomtownsgrowfromnothingalmostovernight.In1896,

Dawson,Canada,wasunmappedwilderness（荒野）.Butgoldwasdiscoveredtherein1897,and

twoyearslater,itwasoneofthelargestcitiesintheWest,withapopulationof30,000.

DawsondidnothaveanyofthenaturalconveniencesofcitieslikeLondonorParis.People

wentthereforgold.Theytravelledoversnow-coveredmountainsandsailedhundredsofmilesup

icyrivers.ThepathtoDawsonwascoveredwiththirtyfeetofwetsnowthatcouldfallwithout

warming.Anavalanche（雪崩）onceclosedthepath,killing63people.Formanywhomadeitto

Dawson,however,therewardswereworththedifficulttrip.Ofthefirst20,000peoplewhodug

forgold,4,000gotrich.About100ofthesestayedrichmenfortherestoftheirlives.

Butnomatterhowrichtheywere,Dawsonwasnevercomfortable.Necessitieslikefoodand

woodwereveryexpensive.Butsoon,thegoldthatDawsondependedonhadallbeenfound.The

citywascrowdedwithdisappointedpeoplewithnointerestinsettlingdown,andwhentheyheard

therewerenewgolddiscoveriesinAlaska,theyleftDawsonCityasquicklyastheyhadcome.

Today,peoplestillcomeandgo—toseewheretheCanadiangoldrushhappened.Tourismisnow

thechiefindustryofDawsonCity—itspresentpopulationis762.

1.WhatattractedtheearlysettlerstoNewYorkCity?

A.Itsbusinessculture.

B.Itssmallpopulation.

C.Itsgeographicalposition.

D.Itsfavourableclimate.

2.WhatdoweknowaboutthosewhofirstdugforgoldinDawson?

A.Two-thirdsofthemstayedthere.

B.Oneoutoffivepeoplegotrich.

C.Almosteveryonegaveup.

D.Halfofthemdied.

3.WhatwasthemainreasonformanypeopletoleaveDawson?

A.Theyfoundthecitytoocrowded.

B.Theywantedtotrytheirluckelsewhere.

C.Theywereunabletostandthewinter.

D.Theywereshortoffood.

4.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Theriseandfallofacity.

B.ThegoldrushinCanada.

C.Journeysintothewilderness.

D.TourisminDawson.

参考答案：CBBA

二：词块梳理

1：port

英［po：t］美grt］

n.港口；（事情的）意义；（计算机与其他设备的）接口；（船、飞机等

的）左舷

vt.举枪；持枪；左转舵

vi.转向左舷

adj.左舷的，左侧的

vt.&vi.转舵（向左），把（舵）转向左边

adv.向左舷，向左

变形

复数：ports

双语例句

l.Itwassofoggythatthesteamshipalmostrandownasmallboatleavingthe

port.

雾很大，汽艇差点把一只正在离港的小船撞沉.

2.ThewhiskywastakentobondedwarehousesatPortDundee.

威士忌酒已送到邓迪港的保税仓库.

3.Theshipisoutwardbound,sailingawayfromitshomeport.

这艘船是开往外埠的.

2：settle

英［ketl］美Jsetl］

v.结束（分歧）；庭外和解；结（账）；（使）坐下；（使）沉降；安排

好；定居；注视着；降落

n.高背长椅

变形

过去分词：settled

现在分词：settling

过去式：settled

复数：settles

第三人称单数：settles

双语例句

1.1havetosettlemyaffairsbeforeleavinghere.

离开这儿以前，我得把一些私人的事情安排妥当.

2.Thecontentsofthepacketmaysettledownintravelling.

袋里的东西在旅行中会沉到底部.

3.Youmustsettlethematteramongstyourselves.

你们必须彼此商量,自行解决这些问题.

3：naturally

英［haetfsli］美［haetfsli］

adv.自然地；理所当然地；合理地；天生地

双语例句

1.Mentalandphysicaldeteriorationbothoccurnaturallywithage.

随着年龄的增长，心智和体力自然衰退.

2.Municipalitiesnaturallywanttosecurethecampers^itefeesandothercustom.

市政当局自然希望获得露营者的场所费和其它的惠顾.

3.Hissurreptitiousbehaviournaturallyarousedsuspicion.

他那鬼鬼祟祟的行为自然引起了旁人的怀疑.

4：suit

英［su：t］美［su：t］

n.一套外衣；西装，套装；诉讼；恳求

vt.适合于（某人）；尤指服装、颜色等相配；合身；适宜

vi.合适，相称

变形

过去分词：suited

现在分词：suiting

过去式：suited

复数：suits

第三人称单数：suits

双语例句

1.I'lltakemyswimmingsuit.

我将带着我的游泳衣.

2.Thetailortookmymeasureforanewsuit.

裁缝量了我的尺寸准备为我做套新衣服.

3.Myfatherboughtanewsuitonhischargeaccount.

我父亲以记账方式买了一套新西装.

5：harbour

英［'ha:be(r)］美［'ha：rbor］

n.(海)港；港口

v.心怀；窝藏；包含(=harbor)

变形

复数：harbours

双语例句

l.Thefishingvesselshadhardlyenteredtheharbourwhenthestormcame.

那些渔船刚刚进港，那场风暴就到来了.

2.AnenormouslypowerfulfleetwasconcentratedatPearlHarbour.

一支极其强大的舰队集结在珍珠港.

3.1havearendezvouswithPeteratarestaurantontheharbour.

我和彼得在海港的一个餐馆有个约会.

6：gradually

英［braedsuali］'graedsuali］

adv.逐渐地，逐步地

双语例句

l.Thespeechsoundsofalllanguagesaregraduallybutconstantlychanging.

各种语言的语音总在不断变迁.

2.Thedrugsworkwellatfirstbutgraduallylosetheireffectiveness.

这些药的效果起初非常好，但后来逐渐失效.

3.Thecampers1foodsupplygraduallydiminishedasthedaysworeon.

随着一天天的过去,露营者的食物逐渐减少了.

7：unmapped

英「An'maept］美「An'maept］

adj.未绘制地图的，地图上未标明的

双语例句

l.Note:Controlsareunmapped,usermustmapcontrolsusingManufacturers

mappingsoftware.

注：控制的非映射，用户必须使用制造商控制地图的绘图软件.

2.Schema:theunmappedelement*%fcannothavemappedchild1%2

架构：未映射的元素%「不能有映射的子级%2：

3.Youcannotmapanetworkdrivetoanunmappeddriveoralocaldrive.

无法将网络驱动器映射到未映射的驱动器或本地驱动器上.

8：convenience

英［kan［inions］美［kanTi:nians］

n.方便；带来方便的事物；便利设施；公共厕所

变形

复数：conveniences

双语例句

l.Thisnewgreengrocer'sprovidesuswithalotofconvenience.

小区里新开的菜店方便了大家买菜.

2.1havealwaysconsideredmyfaceaconvenienceratherthananornament.

我一直把我的面孔与其看作是装饰品,倒不如说是看作一种方便的东西.

3.For(thesakeof)convenience,thetwogroupshavebeenasoneinthisreport.

为方便起见，这两个组在本报告中被视为一组.

9：reward

英［Nwod］美［Hword］

n.报酬；奖励，回报；赏金

v.奖励；酬谢；值得(付出)

变形

过去分词：rewarded

现在分词：rewarding

过去式：rewarded

复数：rewards

第三人称单数：rewards

双语例句

1.Financialreward:1997salaryof$1.5million.Cashbonusof$4.5million.

金钱回报：1997年工资150万美元，现金奖励450万美元.

2.Hecertainlymeritssuchareward.

他确实应得到这样的报酬.

3.Therewardhasneverbeenclaimed.

从未有人来认领这笔赏金.

10：necessity

英[nobesoti]美[nobesoti]

n.必要，需要；必需品；不可避免的情况

变形

复数：necessities

双语例句

1.Necessityandfeasibilityofestablishingaccountinginformationmarkethave

beendiscussedinthethirdchapter.

第三章论述了建立会计信息市场的必要性和可行性.

2.Theyareinneedoffood,foodisanecessityforalllivingthings.

他们需要食物，食物对一切生物是必不可少的.

3.1sitalogicalnecessitythathigherwageswillleadtohigherprices?

工资高物价就高,这是合乎逻辑的必然规律吗？

11：disappointed

英[idsJpontd]美[ds31Pontd]

adj.失望的，灰心的

变形

比较级：moredisappointed

最高级：mostdisappointed

双语例句

l.Heseemeddisappointedwhenthemanrefusedhisrequest.

当那个人拒绝了他的要求时他看起来很失望.

2.Daybydaythedisappointedloverpeakedandpined.

这失恋的人一天天地憔悴下去.

3.Hewasdisappointedsooftenthathebecamehopeless.

他屡次失望，以致变为了绝望.

12：industry

英Jndastri]美Jndestri]

n.工业；产业（经济词汇）；工业界；勤劳

变形

复数：industries

双语例句

l.Theriseofcomputertechnologyhastransformedindustry.

计算机技术的兴起已经使工业为之改观.

2.Firmsareflockingafterthegovernment'sofferofmoneytohelpthemmoveto

areasneedingindustry.

许多公司都想得到政府提供的旨在帮助他们迁向需要工业的地区的资助.

3.China*sindustryisdevelopingatanunprecedentedrate.

中国工业正以空前的速度发展.

13：present

英[ipreznt,pr^zent]美[^reznt,pri'zent]

adj.现在的，目前的；现在时的；出席的，在场的；包含于…的

n.现在；礼物

v.颁发，呈递；带来，导致；（机会或问题）产生；展示，呈现；描述；

表现；出席；主持；上演；引见

变形

过去分词：presented

现在分词：presenting

过去式：presented

复数：presents

第三人称单数：presents

双语例句

l.Theguestsareallpresent.

客人都来齐了.

2.Hegotasplendidpresentforher.

他送她一件极好的礼物.

3.TherearetwotypesofparticipleinEnglish:thepastparticipleandthepresent

participle.

英语中有两类分词：过去分词和现在分词.

三：阅读训练

GoodMorningBritain'sSusannaReidisusedtogrillingguestsonthesofaevery

morning,butsheiscookingupastorminherlatestrole—showingfamilieshowto

preparedeliciousandnutritiousmealsonatightbudget.

InSaveMoney:GoodFood,shevisitsadifferenthomeeachweekandwiththe

helpofchefMattTebbuttofferstoptipsonhowtoreducefoodwaste,whilepreparing

recipesforunder£5perfamilyaday.AndtheGoodMorningBritainpresentersays

she'sbeenabletoputalotofwhatshe'slearntintopracticeinherown

home,preparingmealsforsons,Sam,14,Finn,13,andJack,ll.

“WeloveMexicanchurros,soIbuythemonmyphonefrommylocalMexican

takeawayrestaurant,9,sheexplains.'61pay£5foraportion（1份）,butMattmakes

themfor26paportion,becausetheyareflour,water,sugarandoil.Everybodycanbuy

takeawayfood,butsometimeswe'renotawarehowcheaplywecanmakethisfood

ourselves.^^

Theeight-partseries（系歹ij节目）,SaveMoney:GoodFood,followsinthefootsteps

ofITV'sSaveMoney:GoodHealth,whichgaveviewersadviceonhowtogetvalue

fromthevastrangeofhealthproductsonthemarket.

Withfoodourbiggestweeklyhouseholdexpense,SusannaandMattspendtime

withadifferentfamilyeachweek.Intonight'sEasterspecialtheycometotheaidofa

familyinneedofsomedeliciousinspirationonabudget.Theteamtransformsthe

伯mily'slongweekendofcelebrationwithlessexpensivebutstilltastyrecipes.

l.WhatdoweknowaboutSusannaReid?

A.Sheenjoysembarrassingherguests.