5g微带阵列天线

5g微带阵列天线5G微带阵列天线规定：运用介质常数为2.2，厚度为1mm，损耗角为0.0009的介质，设计一种工作在5G的4X4的天线阵列。评分原则：良：带宽〈7%优：带宽〉7%且效率不小于60%1微带辐射贴片尺寸估算设计微带天线的第一步是选择合适的介质基板，假设介质的介电常数为，对于工作频率f的矩形微带天线，可以用下式设计出高效率辐射贴片的宽度W，即为：式中，c是光速，辐射贴片的长度一般取为；这里是介质内的导波波长，即为：考虑到边缘缩短效应后，实际上的辐射单元长度L应为：式中，是有效介电常数，是等效辐射缝隙长度。它们可以分别用下式计算，即为：2.单元的仿真由所给规定以及上述公式计算得辐射贴片的长度L=19.15mm,W=23.72mm。采用非辐射边馈电方式，模型如图1所示：图1单元模型此种馈电方式，可以通过移动馈电的位置获得阻抗匹配，设馈电点距离上宽边的偏移量为dx,经仿真得到当dx=4mm时，阻抗匹配最佳。此外，之前计算出的尺寸得到的谐振点略有偏移，通过仿真优化后贴片尺寸变为L=19mm,W=23.72mm。仿真成果图如图2，图3所示。图2S11参数图5S11参数由S11参数可以看到2×2阵列天线谐振点为5GHz，且此时的S11=-19dB，阐明反射损耗小，匹配良好。相对带宽约为2.8%。图6方向图由方向图可以看出2×2阵列天线的增益为13.96dB,第一副瓣电平为-10.6dB，可知组阵能使天线的增益变高。3.4×4阵列天线天线阵列如图7所示：图74×4阵列天线图8S11参数图9方向图由S11参数图可以看到谐振点在5GHz，反射损耗较小，带宽约为2%。由方向图可以看到增益约为19.96dB，第一副瓣电平为-11.79dB。参照文献[1]ITUGlobalStandardforInternationalMobileTelecommunications[S].IMT-Advanced,Circularletter,ITU-RMarch.[2]N.Takehiro,N.Satoshi,B.AnassBenjebbour,etal.,TrendsinSmallCellEnhancementsinLTEAdvanced[J].IEEECommunicationsMagazine.Feb.,vo1.51,no.2,98-105.[3]O.Aliu,A.Imran,M.Imran,etal.,Asurveyofselforganizationinfuturecellularnetworks[J].IEEECommunications,,vo1.9,no.11,1-26[4]T.L.Marzetta,Noncooperativecellularwirelesswithunlimitednumbersofbasestationantennas[J].IEEETrans,WirelessCommunications,Nov.,vo1.9,no.ll,3590-3600,.[5]J.Zhang,C.K.Wen,S.Jin,etal.,Oncapacityoflarge-scaleMIlVIOmultipleaccesschannelswithdistributedsetsofcorrelatedantennas[J].AreasCommun,Feb.,01.31,no.2,133一148.[6]H.Huh,GCaire,H.C.Papadopoulos,etal.,AchievingMassiveMIMOspectralei}iciencywithanot-so-largenumberofantennas[J].IEEETrans.WirelessCommunications,Sept.,vol.ll,no.9,3226-3239.[7]J.HoydisandM.Debbah,Greencost-ei}ective,flexible,smallcellnetworks[C].IEEEComSocMMTCE-LetterSpecialIssueon"MultimediaoverFemtoCells",Sep.,vo1.5,no.5.1-3[8]X.Gao,F.Tufvesson,O.Edfors,etal.,Measuredpropagationcharacteristicsforvery-largeMIMOat2.6GHz[C].inProc.ofthe46thAnnualAsilomarConferenceonSignals,Systems,andComputers,PacificGrove,California,USA,Nov..[9]GCaire,M.Debbah,SpecialIssueonMassiveMIMO[J].JournalofCommunicationsandNetworks,August,Vol.15,No.4.[10]C.Shepard,H.Yu,N.Anand,etal.,Argos:PracticalMany-AntennaBaseStations[C].inProc.ACMInt.Conf.MobileComputingandNetworking(MobiCom),Aug..[11]冯岩，SG研发争分夺秒[N}.国家无线电监测中心中国电子报，,2月21日第004版[12]T.Truong,W.Robert,Jr.Heath,EffectsofChannelAginginMassiveMIMOSystems[J].Journalofcommunicationsandnetworks,Aug.,vo1.15,no.4,338-351.[13]Kudo,R.Armour,McGeehan,etal.ChannelStateInformationFeedbackMethodforMassiveMIMO-OFDM[J].Journalofcommunicationsandnetworks.Vo1.15,No.4,August[14]Jung,K.Minchae，L.Younsun，etal.OptimumNumberofUsersinZero-ForcingBasedMultiuserMIMOSystemswithLargeNumberofAntennas[J].Journalofcommunicationsandnetworks,August.Vo1.15,No.4[15]Hakkarainen,A.Werner,J.Dandekar,etal.Widely-LinearBeamformingandRFImpairmentSuppressioninMassiveAntennaArrays[J].JournalofCommunicationsandNetworks,Aug.,vol.15,no.4，383-397.[16]T.L.Marzetta,Noncooperativecellularwirelesswithunlimitednumbersofbasestationantennas[J].IEEETrans.SignalCommun.，Apr.,vo1.9,no.11,3590-3600.[17]GCaireandS.Shamai,Ontheachievablethroughputofamulti-antennagaussianbroadcastchannel[J].IEEETrans.Inf.Theory,,49(7),1691一1706.[18]B.M.Hochwald,C.B.Peel,andA.L.Swindlehurst.Avector-perturbationtechniquefornear-capacitymultiantennamultiusercommunication一PartII:Perturbation[J],IEEETrans.Commun.,,53(3),537-544.[19]C.Windpassinger,R.F.H.Fischer,T.Vencel,eta1.Precodinginmulti-antennaandmulti-usercommunications[J].IEEETrans.WirelessCommun.,,3(7),1305一1316.[20]F.Rusek.ScalingupMIMO:opportunitiesandchallengeswithverylargearrays[J].IEEESignalProces.Mag.，Jan.,vol.30,no.1,40-46.[21]Y.SunAfamilyoflikelihoodascentsearchmultiuserdetectors:anupperboundofbiterrorrateandalowerboundofasymptomaticmultiuserefficiency[J].SelectedAreasincommunications,IEEEJournalon,,57(6):1743一1752.[22]S.K.Mohammed.Low-complexitydetectionandprecodinginhighspectralefficiencylarge-MIMOsystems[D].Submittedforthedegreeofdoctorofphilosophyinthefacultyofengineering,.[23]N.Srinidhi,S.Mohammed,andA.Chockalingam,Near-MLsignaldetectioninlarge-dimensionlinearvectorchannelsusingreactivetabusearch[J].IEEETrans.WirelessCommunications,,7}7):2671-2681.[24]P.Som,T.Datta,A.Chockalingam,etal.Improvedlarge-MIMOdetectionbasedondampedbeliefpropagation}C}.InformationTheoryWorkshop(ITW),,1-5.[25]J.Hoydis,S.Brink,M.Debbah,MassiveMIMOintheUL/DLofcellularnetworks:Howman3antennasdoweneed?}J}.SelectedAreasinCommunications,IEEEJournalon31.2:160-171.[26]A.Paulraj,NabarR.,andGoreD.IntroductiontoSpace-TimeWirelessCommunications[N].UK:CambridgeUniversityPress,.[27]J.Jose,A.Ashikhmin,MarzettaTL,etal.Pilotcontaminationandprecodinginmulti-cellTDDsystems[J].WirelessCommunications,IEEETransactionson,,10(8):2640-2651.[28]D.J.LoveandR.W.Heath.LimitedfeedbackunitaryPrecodingforspatialmultiplexingsystems[J].IEEETransactionsonInformationTheory,51(8):2967-2976.[29]D.J.Love,R.W.Heath,T.St