自考00015英语（二）考前密押120题及答案含解析

1一、语法题1.Asuccessfulbaseballplayerdoesn'tatamistakehemakesandthinkoffailure.A.errorB.successC.situationsD.look2.Oneoftheproblemspeoplehavewithfailureisthattheyaretooquicktojudgeisolatedsituationsintheirlivesandlabelthemasfailures.A.greatB.betterC.worseD.greatest3.IclearlyrememberaperiodduringwhichIfeltlikeafailure.ButwhatIlearnedwasthatfailingatonethingisnotfailingatallthings.A.errorB.useC.eventuallyD.graceful4.Infact,failureisapartofgrowth.A.gracefulB.necessaryC.wrongD.greatest5.Clarkaskedsomecollegestudentstoimaginesomesituations,e.g.,alowexamgrade.A.unpleasantB.pleasantC.pleasedD.pleading6.Londonhasbeenanimportantcityforcenturies,anditimportanttoday.A.wasstillB.hasstillbeenC.hadstillbeenD.isstill7.Atpresentanewroadinthatpartofthecity.A.isbuiltB.isbeingbuiltC.willbebuiltD.hasbeenbuilt8.Theteachersteppedintotheclassroomandthestudentstoopenthewindowsatonce.A.toaskB.askingC.askedD.hadasked9.Keepyourheadwhileyouwithothers.A.arearguedB.arearguingC.willargueD.willbe10.We'regoodfriends.Weeachotherforalongtime.A.knowB.haveknownC.hadbeenknowingD.knew11.weight的意思是()A.白色B.波浪C.等待D.重量12.farming的意思是()A.农村B.家庭C.务农D.农民213.reduce的意思是()A.朗读B.拒绝C.减少D.诱导14.process的意思是()A.通过B.成功C.过程D.得到15.humor的意思是()A.故意地B.幽默C.建议D.提供16.marriage的意思是()A.很多的B.婚姻C.结婚D.资料17.college的意思是()A.大学B.收集C.村庄D.颜色18.through的意思是()A.认为B.想法C.剧院D.通过19.expert的意思是()A.老师B.专家C.学生D.校长20.violence的意思是()A.气息B.邪恶C.花瓶D.暴力二、阅读判断下面的短文后列出了10个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择C。Text1LifeontheFarmLifeonafarmisalwayschanging.Newtechnologiesandarisinginterestinhealthierandorganiceatinghavehadahugeimpactonhowfarmsdobusiness.Atthesametime,agrowingpopulationhasputmoredemandsonfarmers.Theyneedtofindwaystoincreasetheirproductionlevels.Thesmallfamilyfarmsthatusedtoproducemostoftheproductshavebeenlargelyreplacedbyfactoryfarms.Smallfamilyfarmsthatarestilloperatingarestrugglingtokeepup.Technologyhasmademostaspectsoffarmlifeeasierthanithaseverbeenbefore.Biggerandmoreefficientequipmentmakesworksuchasplowingupfieldsandsowingtheseedseasier.Suchtasksusedtotaketwoorthreetimesaslong.Theseadvanceshaveallowedfarmerstoworkfasterandmoreefficientlythaneverbefore.Inadditiontonewertechnology,factoryfarmsproducemoreproductsforlessmoneythantraditionalfarmingwouldrequire.Modernfarmlife,despitetheintroductionofnewtechnologies,hasnotchangedmuchfromwhatithasalwaysbeen.Farmersstillwakeupearly,andspendtheirdaysdoinghardwork.Therearestillanimalstofeed,cowstobemilked,andfieldstobeplowed.Farmlifestillrequiresalotofhardworkandsacrifice.Themainchangeinmodernfarmlifeisinthewayfarmsarerun.Itiscommonforevensmallfarmstohaveseveralhiredworkersandevenananimalmanager.Family-runfarmsarebecomingrarer.Factoryfarms,withotherlargerfarmcorporations,arebecomingthenorm.Althoughtherearestillmanytraditionalfamilyfarms,theyarequicklydyingasmodernpracticeschangefarmlifeforever.21.Factoryfarmsnowproducemostoftheproducts.()A:TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven22.Farmersprefertogrowhealthyandorganicfood.()A:TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven23.Smallfamilyfarmsfindithardtosurvive.()A:TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven24.Plowingandsowingbymachinesareadvancesinmodernfarming.()A:TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven25.Modernfarmproductscostmorethanthosefromtraditionalfarming.()A:TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven26.Mostfarmerscannotaffordnewmachines.()A:TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven27.Modernfarmersdonothavetoworkhard.()A:TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven28.Newtechnologieshavenotchangedfarmmanagement.()A:TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven29.Therearefewerandfewerfamily-runfarmsnow.()A:TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven30.Modernfarmsarehiringworkersfromcities.()A:TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven4Text2FarmsAppearinCitiesWhenyouheartheword"farm",youmayimaginethecountrysidewithcowsandcrops.Butscientistssaythefarmsofthefuturecouldbebuiltintallbuildingsinsomelargecities.Itmaybedifficulttobelievebutinfactthetechnologyforgrowingcropsindoorsalreadyexists.Farminginthecityisalreadyhappening.Somevegetablesarealreadygrowningreenhouses.EventhescientistsattheSouthPoleresearchstationcanenjoyfreshvegetablestheygrowintheirowngreenhouse.Expertssayindoorfarmingsolvesmanyproblems.First,traditionalfarmingtakesupalotofland.Growingcropsintallbuildings—calledverticalfarming(垂直农业)—cansolvetheproblem.Also,fruitsandvegetablesgrownindoorswouldnotfaceseriousthreatsfrominsectsandbadweather.Thoughverticalfarmsdon'texistyet,expertshavecreatedaplanforrecyclinginsuchfarms.Thewaterfromindoorfishpondswouldbeusedtowatercrops.Gasesfromcropwastewouldbeusedtoheatthebuilding.Wastefromchickenorpigswouldbereusedasasourceofenergy.Butexpertsbelieveverticalfarmingisnotgoingtobeeasy.Theysayitcanbedifficulttocontrolclimateconditionsindoors.Besides,plantsdifferintheirweatherandlightingneeds.Forexample,someplantslikewarm,sunnyweather,butotherplantsprefercoolertemperatures.That'snottosaythesedifficultieswon'tbeovercome—butitwilltaketime.Mostexpertssuggestitmaytakeabout5to15yearsbeforethefirstverticalfarmscouldbecreated.31.Theword"farm"maymakeyouthinkofthecountryside.()A:TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven32.Itisstilladreamforpeopletogrowcropsindoors.()A:TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven33.ScientistsattheSouthPoleresearchstationliveahardlife.()A:TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven34.Verticalfarmingdoesnotneedasmuchlandastraditionalfarming.()A:TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven35.Freshfruitsandvegetablesareveryexpensiveincities.()A:TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven36.Cropsgrownindoorswouldnotbebadlyharmedbyinsects.()A:TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven37.Scientistsdonotknowhowtoreusetheanimalwasteinverticalfarms.()5A:TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven38.Someexpertssayverticalfarmingcouldbedifficult.()A:TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven39.Indoorplantsneedthesameweatherandlighting.()A:TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven40.Thefirstverticalfarmsappeared5yearsago.()A:TrueB.FalseC.NotGivenText3Running:SportorWayofLife?Yougothroughthechannelsseveraltimesandfindthatonceagainthere'snothingonTVthatinterestsyou.Notaproblem!Justputonsomerunningshoesandcomfortableclothesandgoforarun.Oneofthebestthingsaboutthesportofrunningisthatyoudon'tneedexpensiveequipment.Allyouneedisagoodpairofrunningshoesandasafeenvironment.Butdon'tbefooledintothinkingthesportofrunningiseasy.Itrequiresdisciplineandconcentration.Runningisgoodforyoubothphysicallyandmentally.Itstrengthensyourheart,lungs,andmuscles.Itmakesyoumoreawareofyourbody.Runningalsoimprovesyourbodysothatyoudon'tgetsickaseasily.Itcanevenhelpyoutostaymorefocusedinschoolbecauseexercisehelpsyoutothinkmoreclearly.Howdoyougetengagedinthesportifyoudon'tknowmuchaboutit?Mostschoolsofferrunningprograms.Asimpleinternetsearchcanhelpyoufindsomeinyourarea.Thenprogramsshowyouhowrunningcanoffercompetitionorjustbeforfun.Theyalsoteachrunnerstosetpracticalgoalsandtakecareoftheirbodies.Runnershavegreatrespectforeachotherbecausetheyknowhowdifficultthesportcanbe.Ifyougotoarace,you'llseepeoplecheeringforalltherunners.Runningisn'talwaysabouthowfastyouareorhowfaryou'regoing.It'saboutgettingoutthereanddoingit.Participationismoreimportantthancompetition,andeffortisrecognizedovertalent.Ifyou'relookingformorethanjustasport,runningmaybetheperfectchoiceforyou.41.Youmayfinditinterestingtogoforarun.()A:TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven42.Thesportofrunningiseasy.()A:TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven43.Itishardtofindasafeenvironmentforrunning.()A:TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven44.Runningisgoodtopeople'sbodyandmind.()A:TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven45.Along-distancerunisgoodinmanyways.()A:TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven46.Youcanfindrunningprogramsonline.()A:TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven47.Runningprogramssetgoalsforyou.()A:TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven48.Youshouldgoforaruneveryday.()A:TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven49.Runnersrespectoneanotherastheylovethesport.()A:TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven50.Runningmeansmorethanasport.()A:TrueB.FalseC.NotGivenText4TheEffectofComputersonPeopleComputersareplayingamoreandmoreimportantroleinpeople'slives.Mostpeople'sjobsarelikelytobeaffectedbycomputersinonewayoranother.Teachers,forexample,canusecomputersintheclassroomtohelptheirteaching.Studentsmayalsohavetheircomputerstouse.Studentscanusecomputerstoaskquestionsandsolveproblems.Itistruethatcomputerscanhelppeopledoalotoftasks.However,atthemoment,therearealotofthingsthatacomputercannotdo.Computerscannotperformanoperation.Computerscannotthinklikethewaypeoplecan.Somepeoplearetryingtomakeaprogram,whichwillenablecomputerstothinklikepeople.Theyhavegotsomesurprisingsuccesses.Somecomputerprogramscanplaychessmuchbetterthantheaverageplayer.Inonegame,acomputerhasbeatentheworldchesschampion.Thisgameisaboardgamelikechessbutmuchsimpler.However,computersareonlyeffectivewhenproblemsareclearlydescribedinadvance.Theyarenexttouselesswhenproblemsarenotclearlydescribed.Forexample,anairplanecanflyautomatically(自动地)mostofthetime,butthereisalwaysahumanpilotinitandcancheckwhethersomethinggoeswrong.Thehumancanreacttothosesituationswhichhemaynotimagineinadvance.7Somepeoplesaythatcomputerscanneverhave"mindsoftheirown"becausetheyneedaprogram,whichiscreatedbyahuman,totellthemwhattodo.Thisisperfectlytrue.Buthowdoweknowthataprogramgivingacomputeramindofitsowncannotbewritten?Researchersaremakingeffortstowritesuchaprogram.Despitethis,itisstillalongwaytowritesuchaprogram.51.Fewpeople'sjobsmaybeaffectedbycomputers.()A:TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven52.Teacherscanusecomputerstohelptheirteaching.()A:TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven53.Itisunclearwhethercomputerscanhelppeopledoalotoftasks.()A:TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven54.Computerscanperformanoperation.()A:TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven55.Peoplehavecreatedaprogramthatcanenablecomputerstothinklikehumanbeings.()A:TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven56.Inachessgame,thecomputerhasbeatentheworldchesschampion.()A:TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven57.Computersarenearlyuselesswhenproblemsarenotclearlydescribed.()A:TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven58.Anairplanecanflyautomaticallymostofthetimewithoutanyhumansinit.()A:TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven59.Thereisalongwaytogobeforeaprogram—givingacomputeramindofitsown—canbewritten.()A:TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven60.Thecomputerprogramismorelikelytobeusedinmedicalindustry.()A:TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven三、阅读选择阅读下面短文，请从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出一个最佳选项。Text1Man'smindishistoolofsurvival.Themindisusedtogain,use,store,andrecallknowledge.Itishismindthatenablesafarmertoknowwhattoplant,whentoharvestit,howtopreparefoodfromtheresult.Itishismindthatenablesahuntertoknowwhatheneedstomakeaspear,howtomakeit,andhowtouseit.Anditishismindthatenablesablacksmithtoknowhowtomakeirontools.Inshort,itisthemindthatenablesapersontoknowwhattodoinordertosurvive.Man'smindallowslong-rangeplanningandthinking.Itenablessuchlong-rangeplanningasrequiredforfarming,hunting,andtoolmaking.Theseeffortsrequiretheabilitytoformconceptsoflong-termcauseandeffectchains."IneedtomakeaspeartonightsoIcanhunttomorrowandhavefoodforthenext7days."Theremaybeenvironmentswherepeoplecouldsurviveforawhilewithoutlong-rangeplanning,butwithouttheresultsofknowledgelikespears,fire,andothertechnologies,peoplewouldgetout—bredbyotheranimalsanddieout.Man'smindishistoolforsurvival,butlikealltools,itmustbeproperlyused.Themindmakesgooduseofknowledge,andknowledgecanonlybeobtainedthroughreason.Withoutreason,thereisnoknowledge,andthusnosurvival.Youmustrecognizerealityandactinaccordancewithitinordertobesuccessful.Totheextentthatyouusereasonasyourmethodofjudgmentinknowledgeandaction,youwillsurviveandflourish.Ifyouignoreorescapefromrealityyouwillsufferanddie.Itisveryimportanttonotethatsurvivalbyreasonrequiresthefreedomtoactaccordingtoyourreason.Thatiswhypeopledonotdevelopwellinthecontrolofothers,andcannotsurvivewhentheyaresubjecttoforcethatdestroystheirabilitytoactonreason.61.Itishismindthatenablesafarmertoknowhowto.A:makespearsB.huntforanimalsC.makeirontoolsD.cultivatecrops62.Thefirsttwoparagraphsshowthatman'smind.A:ishisbasicmeansofsurvivalB.enableshimtoactatwillC.isusedtoprotectthemselvesD.helpshimlookintoreality63.Inordertosurvive,manshould.A:beconqueredbyotheranimalsB.makealong-rangeplanforthefutureC.learntorecallknowledgeD.learntothinkreasonably64.Withouttheresultsofknowledgelikespears,fire,andothertechnologies,people.A:couldonlysurvivefor7daysB.wouldkilloffalltheanimalsC.wouldbecontrolledbyothersD.woulddisappearfromtheearth65.Itisreasonablethatifpeoplewanttosurvive,theyshould.A:developwellinthecontrolofothersB.ignoreorescapefromreality9C.havefreedomtoactonreasonD.besubjecttocertainenvironmentsText2KindnessofStrangersAtthestorewhereIworked,Inoticedayoungboyofabouttenshoppingalonewithhisschoollist.Heplacedeverythinginhisbasketandwenttothecheckout.Theyoungshopassistanttoldhimthetotalprice,＄37.60.Theboywasinstantlydisappointedandsaidhehadonlybeengiven＄20.Hetookoutonethingatatimeuntilhegotdowntohis＄20.Witheyesfulloftears,heaskedifhecouldphonehismumtopickhimup.Whenhegotthrough,itappearedthateventhiswasinconvenientforhismother.Hebithardonhisliptostopthetearsandwalkedoutsidetowaitonthebenchinfrontoftheshop.Thiswasalltoomuchfortheyoungassistantwhohadservedhimandshesaid,"IwishIcouldaffordtopayfortherestofhisthings."Oneoftheothergirlssaidshehadafewdollars.Thentwootherssaidtheycouldhelpaswell.Thesefouryounggirlspooledtheirmoneyandfoundthattheyhadmorethanenoughmoneyfortheboy'sextrapurchases.Sotheyupgradedhispensandpencilstotop-qualityones,thentookthebagouttotheboyontheseat.Hisyoungfacechangedfromsadnesstothemostbeautifulsmile.Hismotherarrivedmuchlatertopickhimup.Insteadofrunningtothecar,heranbackintothestoreandcalledout,"Thankyou!"Iwassoproudofmyteamthatday.Theydidsomethingwonderfulforthatboyandalsofoundthepleasureofgivingwasasgreatasreceiving.66.Theboywenttothestoreto.A:buyabasketB.askforhelpC.shopforschoolD.makeaphonecall67.Atthecheckout,theboyfoundthathe.A:didnothaveenoughmoneyB.didnothavehismoneyonhimC.forgottoaskhismumformoneyD.hadlosthismoneyinthestore68.Theboywalkedoutofthestoreto.A:waitforhismumB.restonthebenchC.getmoremoneyD.lookforafriend69.Theshopassistantswere.A:curiousB.wealthyC.well-trainedD.kind-hearted70.Theboyranbackintothestoreto.A:doextrashoppingB.expresshisthanksC.returnthemoneyD.takehisbagoutText3TalktoYourKidsaboutTheirEatingHabitsCarefullyWeightisneveraneasysubject.Itcanberiskyforparentstoraisetheissueofeatinghabitsandweightwiththeirkids."Nokideverlostweightbecausehismothertoldhimhewasfat,"afriendtoldmewhenIwasworriedaboutmyson'sweight.Itturnsoutshewasright,accordingtoanewstudy.ThestudywasdirectedbyDr.BergeatUniversityofMinnesota.Shefoundthatkidswhoseparentsdiscussedeatinginahealthywaywerelesslikelytohaveeatingproblems.But64%ofthekidswhoseparentsfocusedontheirweightturnedtounhealthyeatingbehaviors.Somekidswentonextremediets,andothersevenatenofood.Soeatingdisorderswerecaused.Thingswereworsewhenfathersjoinedinthediscussionswiththeirdaughtersandfocusedonweight."Fathersshouldnevercommentontheirdaughters'weight,"saysBerge.Instead,shesuggests,fathersshouldfocusontheirdaughters'interests.Thatcanhelpthemfeellovedandconfidentenoughtoworkontheirweightissues.Howshouldparentstalktokidsabouteatingbehaviors?AccordingtoBerge,theyshouldavoidfocusingonhowmuchtheirkidsweigh.Theyshouldtalktothemaboutbeinghealthy.Don'tcomparethemwithothers.Ideally,bothparentsshouldsharetheresponsibility.Ifthat'snotpossible,choosetheparentwhosewordscausetheleastamountofstressandwhodemonstrateshealthyeating.71.Thewriter'sfriendadvisedhernotto.A:worryaboutherson'sweightB.taketheriskofgainingweightC.changeherowneatinghabitsD.talktohersonabouthisweight72.Thestudyfoundthatsomekidshadfewereatingproblemsbecausethey.A:learnedtoeathealthilyB.tookpartinthestudyC.focusedontheirweightD.believedthescientists73.Whentoldabouttheirfatness,somekids.A:felthelplessB.becameangryC.begantoeatnofoodD.refusedtotakeanyadvice74.Ifafatherfocusesonhisdaughter'sinterests,shewillfeel.A:amusedB.encouragedC.surprisedD.challenged75.Whentalkingtotheirkidsabouteatingbehaviors,parentsshould.A:focusonbeinghealthyB.useshortandsimplewordsC.respecttheirkids'viewsD.comparetheirkidswithothersText4TheintelligencetestusedmostoftentodayarebasedontheworkofaFrenchman,AlfredBinet.In1905,BinetwasaskedbytheFrenchMinistryofEducationtodevelopawaytoidentifythosechildreninFrenchschoolswhoweretoo"mentallydeficient(不足的)"tobenefitfromordinaryschoolingandwhoneededspecialeducation.Thetestshadtodistinguishthosewhoweremerelybehindinschoolfromthosewhowereactuallymentallydeficient.TheitemsthatBinetandhiscolleagueTheophileSimonincludedonthetestwerechosenonthebasisoftheirideasaboutintelligence.BinetandSimonbelievedintelligenceincludessuchabilitiesasunderstandingthemeaningofwords;solvingproblems,andmakingcommonsensejudgements.TwootherimportantassumptionsalsoshapedBinet'sandSimon'swork:(1)thatchildrenwithmoreintelligencewilldobetterinschooland(2)thatolderchildrenhaveagreaterabilitythanyoungerchildren.Binet'sfirsttestconsistedofthirtytasks.Theyweresimplethingsmostchildrenlearnasaresultoftheireverydayexperiences.Thetaskswerearrangedingroups,accordingtoage.Binetdecidedwhichtaskswereappropriateforagivenagegroupbygivingthemfirsttoalargenumberofchildrenofdifferentages.Ifmorethanhalfofthechildrenofagivenagepassedatest,itwasconsideredappropriateforthatagegroup.76.What'sthepurposeoftheintelligencetestdesignedbyAlfredin1905?()A:Tofindgoodstudents.B.Toputstudentsinarightorder.C.Tomakesurewhorequiredparticulartreatment.D.ToidentifyAlfred'sintelligence.77.Themainpurposeofthispassageisto.A:selectthosewhoneedspecialeducationB.telltheoriginofintelligencetestsC.findchangesofintelligencetestsD.giveabriefintroductiontoAlfred78.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingistrue?()A:Intelligencehasnothingtodowithage.B.Problemsolvingisnotincludedinintelligence.C.Moreintelligentchildrenusuallydobetterinschools.D.Binet'sfirsttestincluded40tasks.79.HowdidBinetdecidewhichtasktoincludeonhisfirsttest?()A:Atfirsthegavesomeofthetaskstodifferentgroupsofchildren.B.Hefirstgaveallthetaskstomanychildrenbothyoungandold.C.Atfirst,hegaveallthetaskstomanychildrenhethoughtappropriate.D.Hefirstworkedout30tasksformentallydeficientchildren.80.Whichofthefollowingisclosestto"assumption"?()A:hypothesisB.wrongjudgmentsC.excellentD.disability81.Paragraph①:81.Paragraph①:()82.Paragraph②:()83.Paragraph③:()84.Paragraph④:()85.Paragraph⑤:()86.Eatingbeefcan.87.Oneisadvisedtoremoveheavythings.88.Onehadbettertakeatrain.89.Buyinglessisonewayto.90.Tosaveenergy,properlycontrol.阅读下面短文，请完成短文后的二项测试任务：(1)从第1~5题后所给的六个选项中为第①~⑤段每段选择一个正确的小标题；(2)从第6~10题后所给的六个选项中选择五个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。EasyWaystoGreenupYourLife①Eatingmeatproducesgreenhousegasemissions(排放).Ifyoucan'tgiveupmeatcompletely,youcanreduceyourconsumptionorgiveupbeef.Don'teatout-of-seasonfarmproducts.Theyaregrowningreenhouses.Alotofenergygoesintoheatingthegreenhouses.Andshippingsuchout-of-seasonfarmproductsbyairfromremoteplacesconsumeshugeamountofenergy,too.Justlookforlocalandin-seasonfoods.②Spendlesstimebehindthewheel,cycleandwalkmore,andusepublictransportmore.Ifyouhavetodrive,thefirstthingistochooseacarthatusescomparativelylessfuel.Besides,sticktothespeedlimit,keepyourtiresproperlyfilledwithair,emptyyourtrunkofheavyitems,andaccelerateandbrakegently.③Wanttotakeavacationtripbyplane?Don'thurry.Thinkagain.Airtravelhasabigimpacton