精读2 unit 1 课后习题答案

./KeytoexercisesUnit1PreviewListentotherecordingofthetextandthenfillintheblanksinthefollowingsentences.aim/purpose;training;practical/professionalskills;technicaltraining;universities graduateschool;Shakespeare’splays;beapharmacistmakingaliving;keephimself;hisfamily;expose;ideaswaking;average;aliving;allaboutindanger;mechanizedsavages;push-buttonNeanderthalshaveleftus;peculiaraccomplishments;speciescenter;storehousesarcastic;humorousReadthetextforbettercomprehensionandanswerthequestions,payingspecialattentiontothepartsinboldtype.Itmeansannoyingexperiences,toughproblemsorfailures.TheymusthavefinishedtheirgraduatestudieswithanadvanceddegreelikeaPhD.Itsimplymeans"oneofthestudents".Theword"body"heremeansthewholegroupofstudents.Becausethestudentisthinandtall.Itismeanttobehumorousratherthaninsulting.4> HeteachesEnglishliterature.Byusingtheword"stuff",heshowshisdislikeforthecourseveryclearly.Hedoesn’tlikethecoursebecausehethinksitisuselessforhisplannedcareer.Wecanassumethathedoesnotthinkitnecessarytowastemoneyonthebookssinceheintendstodropthecourse.Thelatter.Itisahumorouswayofreferringtoacertaintypeofpeople.8>HeistalkingaboutthePharmacySchool.Heisbeingsarcasticwhenhecallsit"aDrugstoreItmeans"技工".9>Heistalkingaboutthediplomaforuniversityorcollegegraduates.Hehasinmindpeoplelikewhatthestudentwantstobe:pharmacists.10>Itmeans"havingbeenintroducedtotheideasdevelopedorproducedthroughouthistory.11>Itreferstohisefforttoconvincethestudent.12>"Hold"hereisanintransitiveverbmeaning"remaintrue".Itisoftenusedasasetphrase"holdtrue".13> Itmeans"thingsofthesamekind".诸如此类14>Wecallitthefuturecontinuoustense.Itisusedforongoingfutureactions.15>Heissayingherethatyouwillmakesurethatthemedicineyoumakewillnotbemixedwithpoisonifyouaretrainedasapharmacist;thatthehousesyoubuildwillsuccessfullykeepoutbullsifyourchosenjobisengineering;andthatyourclientwillnotbesentencedtodeathbecauseyouareincompetentifyouwanttobealawyer.16> Theseareallusefulthingstodo…andraises/bringsupyourchildren.17> InformalEnglish,"may"isusedtoexpressahopeorwish.Moreexamples:Mayourcountrybeprosperousandourpeoplehappy.Maypeacefinallyprevail.Note:suffice<besufficient>Itisformalforhumorouseffect.18>的思想家.Willyoubeheadingafamilythatisfamiliarwiththegreatdemocraticideasinpasthistory?19>Hemeansthetallstudent."Pest"isoftenusedtorefertoanannoyingpersonespeciallyachild.20> No.Hemeansthatheisaimingtomakemoney.Thatishispurposeforcomingtoschool.21> …you’regoingtohavetroublefindingsomethingtodowhenyouarenotspendingmoney.22> …thenyoushouldn’tgotocollege.Youhavenoreasontogotocollege.23> Heissayingherethatyoungpeoplemaybecomesavagesliketheancientpeoplewholived35,000to130,000yearsagoalthoughtheycannowpushbuttonsandusemachines,hence,a"newspecies".24> Ourcollegesareboundtoproducesomestudentsofthiskind.Heisverysarcasticaboutthesepeopleandthinksthattheyarenottrulyeducatedandcivilizedastheyshouldbetoday.Thereforeheusestheexpression:"suchlifeforms".Notealsothattheword"graduate"isusedasatransitiveverbhere.25>Wearetalkingabouthowideasorconceptsaredevelopedandhowimportanttheyareintheevolutionofthehumanspecies.Animalslivebyinstinct.Onlyhumanbeingsareabletoformulateideassuchaslove,freedom,democracy,andequality.Theseideasmakeusdifferentfromotheranimals.Andwegettheseideasfrompeopleinthepast.Thatiswhyreadingissoimportant.Manyscholarsmaintainthatwithoutreadingwedon’tknowhowtothink.Thereare,however,peoplewhoemphasizetheimportanceofdirectexperience.Theysaythat‘Doingisalsolearning’.Sometimestheyevengoasfarastomaintainthatreadingmaypreventusfromcreativethinking.26>Thefactthatwehavethefacultymeansthat…Vocabulary1. Dothefollowingexercisesonwordformationrules.1> Thefollowingwordsareadjectivesendingwiththesuffixes"-ent"and"-ant,"andtheircorrespondingnounsusuallyendingwith"-ence"and"-ance."Decidewhichofthefollowingshouldbetheformer,andwhichthelatter..differentindependentextravagantcompetentarrogantimportantconfidentfragrantsignificantconvenientevidentintelligentrelevantpresenturgentviolentcurrentfrequentdistant.Note: Thefollowingwordsarenouns,notadjectives:accountant;assistant;defendant;dependant;attendant2> Guessthecorrespondingnounsofthefollowing,payingspecialattentiontotheirpronunciation.qualification clarificationunification notificationclassification identificationintensification justificationsimplification certificationglorification specificationmodernization mechanizationrealization civilizationglobalization specializationAmericanization industrializationurbanization idealizationcentralization marketizationnationalization privatizationpermission discussionadmission professioncommission confessionremission impressionemission oppressionsubmission compressiontransmission expressionomission depression3>Givederivativesofthefollowingwords.sense: sensitive;sensible;senseless;sensibility;oversensitive;insensitivetechnique: technical;technically;technician;special: specially;specialty;specializeintellect: intellectual;intelligent;intelligencecivil: civilize;civilization;civilized;uncivilized 4> TranslatethefollowingintoChinese此处没有提供汉语翻译。.此处没有提供汉语翻译。Manypeopleagreethattheincreasedenrollmentisabigaccomplishment.Thelackofavailabilityofcertifiedaccountantswhocanmeetsuchhighqualificationsisstillabigproblem.Earlyspecializationisnotwise.Studentsshouldhaveawideexposuretoworldculturebeforetheyspecialize.Strongaswemightbesomedaywemustneverbecomearrogant.Weshouldcontinuetopursuethepolicyofpeacefulco-existenceamongnations.Itisapenetratingthoughtthatanation’spowerrestsessentiallywithitsadvancedcivilization.Ourmemoryofpastdisastrousexperiencesisanextremelyimportantspiritualresource.2. Translatethefollowingverb+nouncollocationsintoEnglish.1> foldone’sarms2> foldtheletter3> acquireknowledge4> generateideas5> generatejobs6> generatepower7> generateinterest8> employworkers9> use/employtime10> rear/raiseone’schildren11> rearsheep12> raiseone’sfamily13> raiseone’svoice14> raisetax15> raisethequestion16> maintaincontact17> maintainlawandorder18> maintainpeace3. Givethesynonymsandantonymsofthefollowing.Synonyms.reasonably/rather/quiteclearly/evidentlytokeeptoraisetogain/obtaintoproducetoprovedepartment<university>humanitydrugstore/chemist<英>type/example/model/casetoenter/join however/butsharp/thoughtfulthinker/intellectualtoshake/tremble/shiverunavoidably/certainly/tosuppose/presume/think/guesstohelp/assiststrange/odd/unusual/queerachievement/success/victoryspecialskill.Antonyms.unavailablemodestlygeneralunqualifieduncivilized/savagetounfoldunemployedincompetence9.insensitive.4. Completethesentenceswiththeexpressionslistedbelow.1> toseetoit;exposedto2> outfor;succeedin3> averagesout4> specializein5> stuckfor6> presideover7> stuckfor;seetoitthat8> trueof9> outto;seetoitthat 10> havenobusiness5. Fillintheblankswiththerightwordorexpressioninthebracket.1> inmaking;tofind2> see3> out;of;of;for4> to5> by;for6> Poorashewas;put7> for8> in9> believedin;forcing10> physicist;sensitive6. TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.1> Itiswrongtoraiseourchildrenthewaywegrowflowersinthegreenhouse.Wemustexposethemtoallsocialproblemsbecauseverysoontheywillbedealingwiththemasresponsiblecitizens.2> Astimegoesonweareinevitablygoingtogetmoreandmoreinvolvedininternationalaffairs.Andconflictsaresuretooccurbecausetherealwaysexistdifferentviewsandinterestsbetweennations.3> Weareproudofouraccomplishments,andwehavereasontobe.Butwemustneverbecomearrogant.Otherwisewewillloseourfriends.4> Informationisnoweasilyavailable.Anaveragecomputercanstoretheinformationofasmalllibrary5> Thatconstructioncompanyisnotqualifiedtohandletheproject.Theydonothaveanylegaldocumenttocertifythattheyhavethenecessaryexpertise.Wemustfindacompanythatspecializesinbuildingtheatres.6> Thesethinktanksdonotmakedecisions.Theyareouttogeneratenewideasandpenetratinganalysesthatwillbeextremelyusefulfordecisionmakers.7> ThegrowthofGDPisnoteverything.Ourcountrycannotbesaidtohavebeenmodernizedunlessthequalityofourpeople’slivesisreallyimproved.8> Pooraswewereinmanywaysatthattime,wewerestillquitehappyaschildren,fortherewascleanair,cleanwater,alotoffish,crabsandeelsintherivers,lakes,andponds;andalotofflowers,treesandbirdsinthefields.9> Giveabsolutepowertosomeindividualoranyparticulargroupofpeople,andthatpersonorgrouparesuretoabusethatpowerbecause,justasLordActonsays,"Powercorrupts,andabsolutepowercorruptsabsolutely."10> Traditionallyinourcountryschooleducationwasalwayssaidtobemoreimportantandusefulcomparedwithallotherpursuits.GrammarPointouthowfuturetimeisexpressedandwhatconcepteachfutureexpressionconveys.Itisfarmorecomplicatedtotalkaboutthefuturethantotalkaboutthepresentandpast.Generally,futuretimeisexpressedintheseways.FutureatPresent"will"asin3>:usedtosaysomethingisexpectedtohappen"willbedoing"asin4>:usedtosaythatyouaresurethatsomethingwillhappenbecausearrangementshavebeenmade"begoingto":used2>,5>tosaythatsomethingwillhappenquitesoonortotalkaboutsb’sintentionsorwhattheyhavedecidedtodo"thepresentprogressive"asin10>:usedtotalkaboutsomethingthatwillhappenbecauseyouhaveplannedorarrangedit"thesimplepresent"asin9>:usedtosaythatsomethingwilldefinitelyhappenataparticulartime,especiallybecauseithasbeenofficiallyarrangedFutureinthePast"would"asin7>:usedtosaywhatyouintendedtodoorexpectedtohappen"was/weregoingto"asin1>:usedtosaythatsomethingwasexpectedtohappen"was/weretodo"asin6>,8>:usedtotalkaboutsomethingthatwouldhappenbecauseithadbeenplannedorarranged.Learntouseemphasizingcoordinatingconjunctions.1.Pointoutthegrammaticalformeachpairoftheconjunctionsconnects.Emphasizingcoordinatingconjunctionsconnectpartsofthesentencethathavethesamegrammaticalform.twonounstwoadjectivestwoprepositionalphrasestwoinfinitivephrasestwonounphrasestwonounphrasestwoprepositionalphrasestwoprepositionalphrases2.Combineeachpairofthesentencesusingtherightemphasizingcoordinatingconjunctions.Theprovinceisstrongbothinindustryandinagriculture./Theprovinceisnotonlystronginindustry,butalsoinagriculture.Reliefagenciessaytheimmediateproblemisnotalackoffood,buttransportation.Generally,afterworkingforthecompanyforfiveyears,youngemployeeseitherarepromotedorleave.TVprogramsforchildrenshouldnotonlyentertainbutalsoteach.Obviously,thesechildrenaremotivatednotbyadesiretoachieve,butbyfearoffailureAtpresent,itwouldbeneitherpracticalnordesirabletoeliminateexaminationsaltogether.AsianAmericansareplayingamoreactiveroleinpoliticsthaneverbefore,bothatlocalandnationallevel.Myunclebelievesthatinourtownsightseeingisbestdoneeitherbytourbusorbybicycle.Woodflooringnotonlycleanseasily,butisenvironmentallyfriendly.UntilIreadthearticleIknewneitherwhereshewasbroughtupnor<whereshewas>educated.Ifindthenewmanagerneithereasytogetalongwithnordelightfultotalkto.Contrarytowhatpeoplehadexpected,notonlydidheattendthemeeting,buthealsospokefortwentyminutes.FillineachblankwithONEsuitableword. <1>other <2>best <3>reason <4>mental <5>next <6>As <7>take <8>cool <9>thinking <10>rest TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.ThepremierisleavingforNewYorkforaUNconferencetomorrow.HeistomeettheheadsofstateofseveralcountriesduringhisstayinNewYork.WhatareyougoingtododuringtheNationalDayholidays?Areyougoinghomeorstayingoncampus?—Whatdoyouthinkschoolwillbelikeintwentyyears’time?—Ithinkchildrenwillprobablylearnathomewithamechanicalteacher.Thirtyyearsago,mygrandparentsneverthoughttheywouldbeabletomoveintoatwo-storeyhousewithallthemodernfacilities.Whattheylackisnotmoneybutexperience.TheyhavecometoChinanotonlytolearnChinese,buttolearnaboutChinesecultureaswell.Whatchildrenwantmostfromtheirparentsarenotmaterialthingsbutloveandattention.Youmayeitherwriteyouressayinyourregularexercisebookordoitonyourcomputer.I’mnotquitesurewhyhedidn’tshowup.Eitherhewasnotinterested,orhesimplyforgotaboutit.Asocietyshouldrespectbothitsscientistsanditsgarbagecollectors.Heismiserlybothwithhismoneyandwithhistime.Identifyandcorrectthemistakes.Notethereisnomistakeintwoofthesentences.IwillphoneyouassoonasIarriveinBeijing.Wecanhardlyimaginewhatlifewillbelikein50years.WhatarewegoingtodoifEdithwon’thelpus?<Nomistakeinthissentence.Here"if…will"ispossiblewhenwillexpresses"willingness".>Pleasebeseated,everyone.Theshowisabouttobegin.<Use"beabouttodosth"tosaythatsomethingwillhappenalmostimmediately."Will"isnotused.>Itispredictedthatinabouttenyears’time,ChinawillbeabletosendmantotheMoon.<"Tobeabletodosth"isusedtosayitispossibleforsomeoneorsomethingtodosomething.>Dropinwheneveryouplease.You’llalwaysbewelcome.<Adverbsoffrequency,suchasalways,usually,often,sometimes,etc,usuallygoimmediatelyinfrontofthemainverb.>Neitherhisparents,norhisbrotherwasabletocometohisperformance.<Themainverbagreeswiththenounphraseintroducedbynor.>BothherfriendsandherEnglishteacherbelieveshewillwinthetalentcontest.Myfatherregardscreativitybothasagiftandasaskill.<Normally,thetwoitemsconnectedbyemphasizingcoordinatingconjunctionsshouldbeexpressedinthesamegrammaticalform,here,twoprepositionalphrases.>Wecaneitherdoitnoworafterclass—it’suptoyou.<Nomistake.Thoughthetwoitems"now"and"afterclass"aren’tthesamegrammaticalform,thisisacceptablebecausewecanregardthemascondensedfrom"Wecaneitherdoitnowordoitafterclass."Therefore,thetwoitemscanalsobedifferentgrammaticalformsservingthesamegrammaticalfunction,here,bothadverbials.>又是一个新学年——为什么上大学？约翰·查尔迪首先,给大家讲讲我教书生涯刚开始的时候经历过的一次失败吧。那是在1940年的一月。我当时研究生刚毕业,开始在堪萨斯市大学教书。我的学生当中有个瘦高个儿,活像个长着头发的扁豆架支竿,他走进课堂,坐了下来,双手在胸前交叉着,看了看我,好像在说：好吧,教我点什么吧。两个礼拜以后,我们开始讲《哈姆雷特》。又过了三个礼拜,他来到了我的办公室,双手叉腰。"我告诉你,"他说,"我到这里来是为了当个药剂师。我干吗要读这玩意？"说着他用手指了指桌子上我的那本书,因为他自己没带书来。我当时虽然是个初出茅庐的新教师,可我也能告诉这位一些理由。我可以向他指出,他进的不是一所制药学校,而是一所大学,修满大学课程他就能得到一份证书,上面写着"理学士",而不是"合格的药剂师"。这份证书说明他接受过制药的专门训练,同时还说明,他受到过人类文明思想的熏。换言之,他上的不是一所职业技术学校,而是一所大学,学生上大学既要接受职业训练,也要接受人文教育。我完全可以对他说这些话的,但是很明显,他不会在大学坚持太久,