法院实用英语词汇

./法院实用英语词汇TheInternationalCourtofJustice<ICJ>联合国国际法院Jurisdiction审判权司法权theUNSecurityCouncil联合全理事会vetopower否决权Commandtheory指挥理论customarylaw习惯法juscogens强行法adjourn：延期再审

alibi：不在现场证明

appeal：上诉

appear<incourt>：出庭

bailiff：庭丁,<法庭>警卫

by-law：条例,细则

clause：法律条款

defendant：被告

dismerit<trafficoffensepoint>：〔交通违规记缺点

drivingunderinfluence：嗑药后驾驶

drivingwhileintoxicated<DWI>：酒醉后驾驶

evidence：证据

fine：罚锾

firstoffense：初犯

hear：<法官>审理

hitandrun：肇事后逃离现场

illegalparking：违规停车

indict：起诉

jaywalking：违规穿越马路

judge：法官

negligentdriving：不小心驾驶

parallelparking：平行停车

perjury：伪证

pleadguilty[notguilty]：认罪[不认罪]

preside：<法官>列席

recess：休庭

recklessdriving：鲁莽驾驶

ruling：裁决

runtheredlight：闯红灯

speeding：驾车超速

takeanoath：宣誓

testify：做证

trafficcourt：交通法庭

trafficregulations：交通规则

trafficviolation：交通违规民商法学与经济法学专业词汇按照出资比例：inproportiontoone’srespectivecontributionstotheinvestment

办理注销登记：canceltheregistration

被代理人：theprincipal

被侵权人theinfringed

本人名义：inone’sname标的subjectmatter

补偿制度compensationsystem

不动产登记制LotandBlockSystem

财产法propertylaw

财产的添附accretionofproperty;propertyaccession财产抵押权propertymortgage

财产继承权：therightofinheritance

财产关系和人身关系：propertyrelationshipsandpersonalrelationships

财产管理人propertyadministrator;custodianofproperty

财产混同confusion;hotchpot财产留置权encumbrance

采用书面形式：inwriting

仓单warehousevoucher

草签合同initialacontract;signareferendumcontract;adreferendumcontract

长期合同long-termcontract偿付能力solvencycapabilityofreimbursement

超越代理权：beyondthescopeofone’spowerofagency

撤消合同cancellationofcontract

撤销合同cancelacontract;rescindacontract;avoidacontract

撤销权rightofrescission;rightofrevocation撤销要约revocationofoffer;revokeanoffer

撤销遗赠cancellationowill;revocationiofwill

承运人actualfaultofthecarrier

承运人的留置权carrier’slien

诚信原则principleofgoodfaith诚实信用原则：principlehonestyandcredibility;principleofhonestryandgoodfaith;goodfaithprinciple;bonafideprinciple

船舶承租人charterer

船舶抵押权rightofmortgagewithrespecttoaship;mortageoftheship;shipmortgage

船舶抵押权的设定establishmentofmortgageoftheship

船舶抵押的消灭extinguishmentsofthemortgageoftheship船舶抵押权登记registrationofshipmortgage

船舶留置权possessorylien;lienofship

村民委员会：thevillagecommittee

惩罚性的损害赔偿punitivedamages

乘人之危：takeadvantageofone’sunfavorableposition处分财产disposeofproperties

处分权actofdisposition

处分原则principleofdisposition

代理民事活动：berepresentedincivilactivitiesby

代理权终止：theexpirationofone’spowerofagency单独承担的责任undividedresponsibility

单方法律行为unilateralobligation

单方行政行为unilateraladministrativeact

等价有偿：makingcompensationforequalvalue

对等原则principleofreciprocity对价consideration

对抗措施countermeasure

对人权rightinpersonam;personalright

对世权realright;rightinrem

恶意串通：conspiremaliciously恶意行为illwillmalafides

法人judicialperson;legalbody

法人的权利能力legalcapacityofjuristicperson

法人的责任能力capacityforresponsibilityofjuristicperson

法人权限corporatepower法人人格corporatepersonality

法人身份statusofalegalperson

法人团体corporation

法人资格corporatecapacity

法人组织章程：thearticlesofassociationofthelegalperson负共同连带责任liablejointlyandseverally

负全部责任bearallresponsibilities;inallcharge

负有解释的义务accountable

负有连带义务的每个债务人：eachofthejointdebtors

附带的条件incident附带要求contingentclaim

附带原因contributorycause;inherentcause

附条件的民事法律行为：conditionalciviljuristicacts

附条件的权利conditionalright

赋予权力entitle个体工商户：individualbusinesses

个人合伙：individualpartnership

各尽所能,按劳分配fromeachaccordingtohisability,toeachaccordingtohisneeds

给付定金：leaveadepositwiththeotherparty

工商行政管理机关：theadministrativeagencyforindustryandcommerce公民基本义务fundamentaldutiesofcitizens

合同contract

合同法contractlaw

合同副本copiesofthecontract

合同规定contractprovisions/stipulations合同履行地法lexlocicontractus

合同期限contractperiod<orcontractterm>

合同条款contractterms<orcontractclause>

合同有效期contractlife

合同正本originalsofthecontract合伙人：partners

合议制collegialsystem

核准登记的经营围：withintherangeapprovedandregistered

恢复原状recoveryoforiginalstate;restitution;restorationofheoriginalconditions;retitutioinintegrum

集体所有制企业：anenterpriseundercollectiveownership技术合同纠纷案件controversyoveratechnologycontract

监护人：guardian

经主管机关核准登记：approvedandregisteredbythecompetentauthority

居民委员会：theneighborhoodcommittee

履行监护职责：fulfilldutyofguardianship埋藏物、隐藏物：buriedorconcealedobject

买卖、出租、抵押、转让：besold,leased,mortgagedortransferred

农村承包经营户：leaseholdingfarmhouseholds

平等主体：civilsubjectswithequalstatus

企业法人被撤销：thedissolutionofanenterpriseaslegalperson企业法人分立、合并：thedivisionandmergerofanenterpriseaslegalperson

企业法人解散：disbandingofanenterpriseaslegalperson

契约自由libertyofcontract

取得不当得利：profitsacquiredimproperlyandwithoutalawfulbasis

取得法人资格：bequalifiedasalegalperson全民所有制企业：anenterpriseownedbythewholepeople

让与alien;alienate;assign;cede

让与的利益benefitofcession

让与权benefitofcessioni

设定义务的规则ruleofimposingduty设立、变更、终止民事关系：establish,changeorterminatecivilrelationship

所有权ownership

书面合同awrittencontract

双倍返还定金：repaythedepositindouble

双方法律行为bilaterallegaltransaction擅自变更或者解除〔民事法律行为：alterorrescindone’sactarbitrarily

他物权rightoverthepropertyofanother

提供一定的财产作为抵押物：offeraspecificpropertyasapledge

违反合同breachofcontract

委托代理：entrustedagency委托代理人：anentrustedagent

无过错责任liabilitywithoutnegligence

无民事行为能力人：apersonhavingnocapacityforcivilconduct

无因管理：actasmanagerorprovideservicesinordertoprotectanotherperson’sinterestswhenheisnotlegallyorcontractuallyobligatedtodoso

下落不明one’swhereaboutshavebeenunknown限制民事行为能力人：apersonwithlimitedcapacityforcivilconduct

享有连带权利的每个债权人：eachofthejointcreditors

行使代理权：exercisethepowerofagency

宣告为无〔限制民事行为能力人：declare…tobeapersontobewithoutorwithlimitedcapacityforcivilconduct

遗失物、漂流物：lost-and-foundobjects,flotsam以抵押物折价或者以变卖抵押物的价款优先得到偿还：tokeepthepledgetooffsetthedebtorhavepriorityinsatisfyinghisclaimoutoftheproceedsfromthesaleofthepledge

以合法形式掩盖非法目的：performundertheguiseoflegitimateactswhichconcealillegitimatepurposes

以欺诈、胁迫的手段：asaresultofcheatingorcoercion

意思表示showone’sintention

意思表示真实：theintentionexpressedisgenuine优先购买的权利：arightofpre-emption

优先权priority,preemptiveright

有过错的一方：theerringparty

有连带责任的conjunctlyandseverally

有权向债务人追偿：havetherighttoclaimrepaymentfromthedebto造成财产损失：causeanypropertyloss

责任能力capacityforresponsibility

责任年龄capacityofresponsibility;yearofdiscretion

债的标的objectofobligation

债的发生creationofobligation债的消灭extinctionofobligation

占有人有权留置该财产：thepossessorshallhavealienontheproperty

指定代理：appointedagency

执行合同carryoutacontract,

execute/implement/fulfill/performacontract

主要办事机构：themainadministrativeoffice追偿：claimcompensationfrom

住所：domicile刑法学和行政法学专业词汇帮助当事人毁灭、伪造证据罪crimeofaidingaclienttodestroyorforgeevidence

绑架妇女儿童罪crimeofkidnappingwomenandchildren

包庇、纵容黑社会性质组织罪crimeofharboringamafia-stylesyndicate

包庇毒品犯罪分子罪crimeofharboringdrugcriminals

报复陷害罪caseofretaliationandframe-ups必要共同犯罪indispensablejointcrime

并科原则doctrineofcumulatingpunishments

剥夺权利deprivalofrights

不能犯impossibility;unrealizedoffense

参加恐怖活动组织罪crimeoftakingpartinanorganizationengagedinterroristactivities超越管辖权excessofjurisdiction

超越职权围overstepone’sauthority

惩办和宽大相结合combinepunishmentwithleniency

惩办少数、改造多数的原则principleofpunishingthefewandreformingthemany

惩罚措施punitivemeasure惩罚性制裁punitivesanction

惩罚与教育相结合combinationofpunishmentandeducation

处以刑罚inflictpunishment

处以有期徒刑sentencetofixed-termimprisonment

触犯法律breakthelaw;violatethelaw抽逃出资罪crimeofflightofcapitalcontribution

抽象行政行为abstractadministrativeact

出口骗税犯罪活动criminalactivitiesofcheatingoutoftaxrebatesinexport

出售伪造发票罪crimeofsellingcounterfeitcurrency

出于对法律的无知fromignoranceoflaw出于恶意frommalevolence

从轻处罚giealesserpunishment

从重处罚giveasevererpunishment

单位受贿罪crimeofbribetakenbyaunit

单一犯罪构成singleconstitutionofcrime盗伐林木罪crimeofillegallychoppingdowntrees;crimeofillegallyfellingtrees

盗窃、抢夺枪支、弹药、爆炸物罪crimeofstealingorseizingguns,ammunitionorexplosives

盗窃犯theftact;larcenist

渎职犯罪案件caseofderelictionofduty

对象不能犯objectimpossibility多次作案repeatedlycommitcrimes

罚不当罪punishmentdoesnotfitthecrime

犯意criminalintent;mensreal

犯罪低龄化loweringagesofcriminaloffenders

犯罪动机criminalmotive犯罪构成constitutionofacrime;constitutiveelementsofacrime

犯罪构成要件specialconstitutiveelementsofcrime

犯罪故意criminalintent;guiltyintent;measrea

犯罪集团criminalgang;criminalgroup

犯罪客观要件objectivecircumstancesofacrime犯罪客体criminalobject;objectofacrime

犯罪实行终了completionofacriminalact

犯罪学criminology

犯罪预防crimeprevention

犯罪中止discontinuanceofcrime;desistanceofcrime犯罪主观方面要素subjectiveelementsofcrime

犯罪主体subjectofcrime

犯罪着手initiateacrime

犯罪组织criminalorganization

贩卖毒品罪drugoffense;crimeofdrugtrafficking防卫过当unjustifiableself-defense

防卫挑拨instigationofdefense;provocationofdefense

防卫限度limitofdefense

防止类似事件重演preventtherecurrenceofsimilarincidents

妨碍公务罪crimeofdisruptingpublicservice妨害公共安全罪crimeofimpairingpublicsecurity

放弃权利withdrawaclaim;waivearight

非法持、私藏枪支、弹药罪crimeofillegallyholdingorhidingafirearmorammunition

非法持有毒品罪crimeofillegallyholdingdrugs

非法干涉illegalintervention非法干预unlawfulinterference

非法出售增值税专用发票罪crimeofillegalsellinginvoiceforexclusiveuseofVAT

非法活动unlawfulactivities

非法利益unlawfulinterests

非法手段illegalmeans非强制性行政行为non-coerciveformofadministrativeaction

非正式的informal;irregular

非政府机关non-governmentalorganization

非主要条件non-essentialstipulation

非专业的non-professional诽谤罪crimeofdefamation

隔地犯offenseofsegregationbylocation

隔时犯offenseofsegregationbytime

工具不能犯impossibilityofinstruments

故意犯罪calculatedcrime;intentionalcrime故意杀人罪crimeofintentionalhomicide

故意伤害罪crimeofwillfulandmaliciousinjury

管辖：jurisdiction

惯犯habitualcriminal

惯例customandusage过失犯罪criminalnegligence;involuntarycrime;negligentcrime

国家赔偿案件caseofstatecompensation

国家赔偿的归责原则principleofculpabilityforstatecompensation

国家赔偿的双重过错原则principleofdualfaultsforstatecompensation

国家赔偿法statecompensationlaw国家赔偿主体subjectofstatecompensation

国家权力机关stateauthority

国际审判机关statejudicialorgans

国家行政机关stateadministrativeorgans

国家意志state’swill国家职能functionofthestate

国民待遇nationaltreatment

黑社会性质的犯罪集团ganglandcriminalsyndicate;mafia-stylecriminalgang

缓期二年执行withatwo-yearreprieve

缓刑probatecessatexecutio集合犯aggregateoffense;collectiveoffense

既遂犯accomplishedcrime

继承法inheritancelaw

继续犯continuouscrime

加重处罚giveanaggravatedpunishmentbeyondthemaximumprescribed假冒他人注册商标罪crimeofcounterfeitingtheregisteredtrademarkofanother

假释parole

假想防卫imaginativedefense

假想数罪imaginativelyseveralcrimes

简单共同犯罪simplejointcrime间接故意indirectintent;indirectiintentino

未遂attemptofsolicitation

劫持船只、汽车罪crimeofhijackingashiporanautomobile

劫持航空器罪crimeofskyjacking

结果犯consequentialoffen结果加重犯aggregatedconsequentialoffense

结合犯combinativecrime;integratedoffensese

拒不执行人民法院判决、裁定罪crimeofrefusingoexecutejudgmentsorordersofthePeople’sCourt

具结悔过makeastatementofrepentence

具体行政行为specificadministrativeact具体罪名concreteaccusation

绝对不确定法定刑absolutelyindeterminatestatutorypunishment

军人违反职责罪crimesofsoldiersviolatingmilitarydutie

抗税罪offenseofresistingtaxes

客体不能犯objectimpossibility空白罪状blankfactsaboutacrime

滥伐林木罪crimeofillegaldenudation

累犯recidivist;repeatoffender;cumulativeoffense

连续犯罪continuingcrime

量刑criterionforsentencing;sentencingcriterion量刑不当criterionforsentence

量刑幅度extentfordiscretionaryactionofsentencing

虐待罪crimeofabusingmemberofone’sfamily

挪用公款案caseofmisappropriationofpublicfunds

偶犯casualoffender;casualoffense情节加重犯aggravatedoffensebycircumstances

情节特别严重whenthecircumstancesareparticularlywicked

情节严重、构成犯罪的whenthecircumstancesaresoseriousastoconstituteacrime

取保候审postabailandawaittrialwithrestrictedlibertyofmoving

扰乱公共场所秩序罪crimeofdisturbingorderatpublicplaces刑法criminallaw

刑罚penalty;punishment

刑事责任能力criminalcapacity

行政法administrativelaw;executivelaw

行政法规administrativelawsandregulations行政法学administrativejurisprudence

行政解释administrativeinterpretation

行政救济administrativeremedy

预防犯罪anti-crime

治安管理securityadministration治安条例securityregulations法律专业词汇中英对照之A,Bactionofdebt债务诉讼

acquit无罪

adjourn暂时停止执行

administrativedecision行政判决结果

addamnum主一定数额的赔偿金

adversejudgement不利的判决

affidavit传票送达人所写的切结书

affirm

确定原判决

affirmdefence积极的抗辩

agencystage行政机关的裁决

agencyhearing听证会

allegation主的事实

americanlaw美国法

anexpartehearing一方当事人到庭说明

anadversaryhearing双方当事人到庭辩论

answer答辩状

appellatejurisdiction上诉管辖权

appeal上诉

appellant

上诉人

appellee

被上诉人

appropriate永久占有

arrestthejudgement暂时终止法院判决结果

arraignment刑事案件法官与当事人之间安排案件的程序

assignedcounsel

公设辩护人

assumpsit承诺履行bailment寄托制度

bail

保释

beyondthereasonabledoubt

超越合理的怀疑

billofMiddlesex早期诉讼当事人向国王秘书处申请的令状,同意发给后才能到

国王法院进行诉讼

bailliff法庭的法警

bias

偏见

benchofconference到法官室或法官面前进行会议

bond提供担保

burdenofproof举证责任caselaw

案例法

causeofaction

起诉理由

chancellor

衡平法官

chancerydivision

衡平法庭

circuitcourt巡回法院

civillaw

大陆法

civilrightact人权法案

civilprocedure民事诉讼法

clerk书记官

closingargument诉讼结论

co－defedant共同被告

commonlaw普通法、习惯法、一致法、共同法

compurgation宣誓采证法

compurgatory宣誓采证法中的证人

complaint起诉状

concurrentjurisdiction竞合管辖权

consideration约因

consortium婚姻生活权；配偶权；亲权

contemptofcourt藐视法庭罪

contractunderseal封印契约

contributorynegligence加工过失

corpusjurissecundum美国法律百科全书

counterclaim反诉

courtofcommonpleas民诉法院

courtofking'sbench

王室法院

courtofexchequer

财务法院

courtofexchequerchamber

财务上诉法院

countrycourt乡镇法院

courtofcommonbench民诉法院

courtofchancery衡平法院

courtofjusticeofthepeace地方治安法院

courtofprobate遗嘱继承法院

courtofdivorce婚姻法院

courtofappealinchancery衡平上诉法院

courtofcrowncasesreserved皇室上诉法院

courtofassize巡回法院

courtofoutsidetheunitedkingdom英国境外各法院

courtoffirstinstance第一审法院

courtofsecondinstance第二审法院

courtoftheinternationaltrade国际贸易法院

courtofappealsforthefederalcircuit联邦巡回上诉法院

covenant封印契约赔偿令状

crossclaim被告间诉讼

crossexamnation

复向对方提出之证人

curiaregis国王的法院damages损害赔偿

debt返还确定金钱的令状

decree衡平法院作成的判决

deductivereasoning演绎法

defaultjudgement一造判决

defendant被告

de