2023-2024学年度外研版选择性必修一Unit 3Faster,higher,stronger 课时作业

2023-2024学年度外研版选择性必修一Unit3Faster,higher,stronger学案课时作业(一)主题阅读集群训练(限时40分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2023·广州高三模拟)Afamousspringboarddriverwasdefeatedbyhiscompetitorinthefinalsofaworldchampionship,offeringcongratulationstothewinnerandwavingatearfulgoodbyetotheaudience.Itiscommonintheathleticworld.Sportsmenspendthebestpartoftheirlivesonhardtrainingandcompetitions.Whenitbecomesevidentthattheyareonthedeclinetheystillmakegreateffortstogivetheirbestsoastobringasatisfactoryendtotheircareer.Chancestocompeteforthechampionshiparefewandfarbetween.Lifeisshort.Stillshorteristhetimeforanathletetryingtowingames.Anathleticcontestantreallyfeelsthattherearesofewopportunitiesandtimeflies.Hetreasureseveryminute,makesfulluseofitandtriestograspanychancecominghisway.Hegetsasmuchashegives,winninghonorsnotonlyforhimselfbutalsoforhiscountry.Toparticipateandtowin—thatistheOlympicspirit.Itfindsexpressionintheweakdaringtochallengethestrong,andthestrongsearchingforeverbetterperformance.Everbetter—theidealalwaysmakesasportsmanforward.Hewilldoeverythinghecanforit,neverrelax,nevergiveup.Itissaidthatnoneofthecompetitorscanavoidbeingdefeated—eventhebestisboundtobedefeatedbysomeonestillstronger.Thisistheruleofsports—thousandsofloserssetoffonewinnerwhointurnwilleventuallybereplacedbysomeoneonthehonorlist.However,heisalwaystryingtodothebesthecan.Whenthetimecomesandheknowshecan't,hewillstepdownhappilytogiveplacetotheyoungerwinner,awarecontentedlyofthefactthathehasdonehisbestforthe“everbetter”recordsoftheOlympicGames.Hewillsayproudlythathehasnotlivedhisyouthinvain.eq\x(语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是运动员在职业生涯中不懈追求的精神。)1．Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?A．Toexplainaphenomenon.B．Todescribeacompetition.C．Toleadinthetopicofthispassage.D．Toexpressworriesaboutsportsmen.解析：选C推理判断题。根据第一段内容和第二段的“Itiscommon...hardtrainingandcompetitions.”可知，第一段的作用是引出这篇文章的主题。2．Accordingtothepassage,whatkindofidealpushesanathleteforward?A．Hewantstowinpeople'srespect.B．Hewantstowinhonorforhisnation.C．Hewantstomakegreaterachievementsthanever.D．Hewantstoearnmoreandmoremoneyandfame.解析：选C细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Everbetter—theidealalwaysmakesasportsmanforward.”可知，推动运动员前进的理想是他想取得比以往更大的成就。3．Whatcanbelearntfromtheruleofsports?A．Whateverdifficultiesyouhavemet,nevergiveup.B．Eventhestrongestathletewillbedefeatedoneday.C．Youcan'tliveinthesportsfieldwithoutanyeffortorprogress.D．Youarethewinnerifyouarebraveenoughtochallengethestrong.解析：选B细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Itissaidthatnoneof...onthehonorlist.”可知，我们可以从体育运动的规律中了解到即使是最强的运动员也有被打败的一天。4．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Sportsmen'sspirit. B．Sportsmen'slife.C．Sportsmen'shonor. D．Sportsmen'spride.解析：选A主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段的第一、二句可知，本文主要讲的是运动员的奥林匹克精神——参与并取胜。B(2023·长沙高三模拟)JimThorpeisoneofthegreatestathletesofalltime.Hehadamazingathleticabilitiesandwaswell－knownduringhislifetime,yetthat_did_not_make_Thorpe_a_stranger_to_adversity.ThorpewasanAmericanIndianfromOklahomawhodevelopedhisextraordinaryathleticskillsinhisyouththroughhardlabor.Itwasalsoinhisyouththathelearnedtoendurehardshipbroughtuponbyracialprejudice.Manywouldsayhischildhoodwasnoteasy.Hegrewuppoorandatage9histwinbrotherpassedawayandafewyearslaterhelostbothofhisparents.Butthatdidnotstophimfromdoingwhathelovedandpursuinghisdreams.Nothingseemedtostophim,notevenstolenshoes.JusthoursbeforeThorpewasgoingtocompeteinthe1912Olympics,somebodystolehisshoes.Thorpeimprovised(临时拼凑)bygettingshoesoutofthegarbage.Theshoesweretwodifferentsizes.Heworeanextrapairofsocksononefoottoeventhemout.Hestillwentontowintwogoldmedals—winningeacheventhecompetedinexceptforone,thejavelin(标枪).Thejavelinwastheonlyeventhedidn'twin,probablybecausehehadnevercompetedinthateventbefore.ItisinterestingtonotethatThorpehadtriedtothrowthejavelinoncebeforeintheOlympictrials.Atthetime,hedidn'tknowthathecouldthrowitwitharunningstart.Hethrewitstandingstillandwasplacedsecond.AttheOlympics，healsotookpartinthedecathlon(十项全能运动).Hefinishedfirstintwoevents,thirdinfourevents,andfourthintwomore.Thorpeendedupfinishingthirdintheworld.Hewasundoubtedlyadominatingforcethatcouldn'tbestoppedandjustkeptongoing.IthinkPaulDughisaiditbest,“It'shardtoimaginenowthatproathletesgetpaidmillionsofdollarsjusttowearaparticularbrandofshoes.ForJimThorpe,itdidn'tmatterwhatkindhewore.”语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了美国印第安人吉姆·索普坎坷的人生经历和他作为运动员所取得的骄人成绩。5．WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph1mean?A．TheadversityThorpemetwithledtohissuccess.B．Thorpe'ssuccesswasnoguaranteeofabetterlife.C．Thorpe'scareerbroughthimbothgainsandlosses.D．Thorpesufferedmanyhardshipsdespitehissuccess.解析：选D句意理解题。根据第二段内容可知，吉姆·索普经历了很多苦难，幼年时双胞胎兄弟过世，随后父母双亡，青年时又困扰于种族偏见带来的磨难，再结合画线句前面的yet表转折意义可知，画线部分的意思是虽然索普后来有所成就，但却经历了很多苦难。6．WhydidThorpewearmoresocksononefoot?A．Topreventthefootfrominjury.B．Tomaketheshoefitthefoot.C．Tostoptheshoefrombeingstolen.D．Toshowhisproblem－solvingskills.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第三段的最后两句可知，两只鞋大小不一，因此索普多穿袜子就是为了让鞋合脚。7．WhatmostlikelyledtoThorpe'sfailuretowinthejavelin?A．Lossofhisownsportsshoes.B．Acasualattitudetowardstheevent.C．Lackofexperienceintheevent.D．Ashortageoftalentfortheevent.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第四段的“becausehehadnevercompetedinthateventbefore”可知，他没有参加过标枪比赛，因此比赛经验不足最可能是他失利的原因。8．WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeJimThorpe?A．Loyalandenthusiastic.B．Genuineandcreative.C．Toughandstrong－minded.D．Selflessandgood－tempered.解析：选C推理判断题。根据第二段的叙述可知，吉姆·索普成长过程中经历过很多苦难，这很大程度上塑造了他坚韧不拔的性格。第三段的“Butthatdidnotstop...notevenstolenshoes.”正是对他坚韧不拔性格的刻画，由此可知，tough(坚韧的)和strong－minded(意志坚定的)是对他最准确的描述。Ⅱ.阅读七选五HowtoProperlyRecoverfromaBadSportsInjuryEachsportsactivityhasitsrisksandcaneventuallyleadtodifferenttypesofinjuries.Whetheryouareaprofessionalathleteorjustapassionatesportsperson,asportsinjuryisnevergoodnews.However,__9__.Sohereareafewstepswhichcanhelpyouandbringyouvaluabletipstoovercomeanyfuturesportsinjury.·GetaDiagnosisAftertheincident,besuretoestablishhowseriousthesituationis.Itisimportanttomakeadifferencebetweenbeinghurtandbeinginjured.__10__.So,ifitdoesn'tgoawayafterawhile,oritevengetsworse,youknowit'snotajokeandyouneedtoseethedoctorassoonaspossible.Ifit'sjustasore,withabitofattention,itshouldhealquiteeasily.If,however,thepainlingers,don'tdismissitandacceptmedicaladvicewithoutobjection.·UnderstandWhatCausedtheInjury__11__.Thiswillhelpyouavoidgettinghurtinthefuture,andwillalsohelpyoudefineyourprogramofrecovery.Dependingonthecauseoftheinjury,youwillbeabletotakefurthersteps.Understandingthesituationthatledtotheinjurywilleasepsychologicalconsequencesandhelpyoudealwiththeinjury.·__12__Takethemedicaladviceandworkwithyourdoctoronyourrecovery.Dependingonthetypeoftheinjury,gotothephysicaltreatment,doprescribedexercisesundermedicalmanagement,ortrysomealternativemethodslikeachiropractictreatment.Inoneword,doeverythingyou'retoldinordertospeedupyourrecoveryandpreventpotentialworsening.·GetEnoughEnergyMakesureyoueathealthy,avoidingfoodsanddrinkswithexcessiveamountsofsugar,alcohol,andwhiteflour.__13__.Hopefullythesetipswillhelpyourecoverfromanyfuturesportsinjury.A．TakeMoreExerciseB．SeekProfessionalHelpC．therereallyisagoodsidetoeverythingD．itshouldn'tbeareasonforlosinghearteitherE．Sticktotrulynutritiousfood,minimizingtheintakeofjunkfoodF．PainwillbeofmajorhelpinestablishingtheseverityoftheinjuryG．Itisreallyimportanttoanalyzethesituationandestablishthecauseoftheinjuryeq\x(语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何从严重的运动损伤中恢复。)9．选D根据上文和转折词However可知，虽然受伤不是好消息，但也不应该失去信心。所以D项“这也不应该成为失去信心的理由”符合上下文语境。10．选F根据下文可知，疼痛可以判断受伤程度。所以F项“疼痛对确定受伤的严重程度有很大帮助”符合上下文语境。11．选G根据小标题“UnderstandWhatCausedtheInjury”和下文可知，本段介绍分析受伤的原因为什么很重要。所以G项“分析情况和确定受伤的原因真的是非常重要的”符合上下文语境。12．选B设空处考查本段小标题。根据下文可知，本段介绍受伤了要寻求专业的医疗帮助。所以B项“寻求专业帮助”作为文章小标题最为合适。13．选E根据小标题“GetEnoughEnergy”和下文可知，受伤了要保证吃健康的食物，有助于恢复。所以E项“坚持吃真正有营养的食物，尽量少吃垃圾食品”符合语境。Ⅲ.完形填空(2023·聊城一模)Lastmonth,Iwastoldthatourgroup'sprojecthadsuccessfullyenteredtheinterviewstageduringthe“It'sgoodtobeinthemuseum”campaign.Thiswasmyfirstprojectinterview.Asa__14__girl,itwaschallengingforme,butasthegroupleader,Ihadtostandoutandfaceit__15__.Thefirstsimulative(模拟的)interviewdidnotgoaswellasIhad__16__itwould.Afterwatchingtheperformanceofanotherteam,Isuddenlylost__17__.IthoughtIwasn'treallyready.Whenitwasmygroup's__18__，Iwasextremelynervous,andIstutteredwhilespeaking.Althoughtheteacherstillencouragedme,Iknewthe__19__betweenmeandotherparticipantswaslarge.Sointhedays__20__uptotherealinterview,Iworkedhardto__21__myspeechandreciteitasoftenaspossible.IknewifI__22__success,Iwouldworkharder.Onthedayoftheinterview,Iunfortunately__23__No.1.“Youcandoit，”IsaidtomyselfasI__24__thestareoffiveexperts.Tomysurprise,Ifluentlyspokeaboutthe__25__，gainedconfidenceandhadthecouragetomakeeyecontactwiththem.Theprocesswas__26__smooth.Afterward,theexperts__27__theirsatisfactionandgaveussomehintstoimproveourproject.Ifelthonoredasourgroupwonfirstprize.Refusetobackdown—striveforyour__28__.Maybetheresultwillturnoutbetter.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲的是作者是个害羞的女孩，但是为了自己组的项目能够顺利通过面试，作者努力准备，最后进展非常顺利。作者告诉读者，面对困难时，千万不要退缩。14．A.sensitive B．shyC．lonely D．humble解析：选B根据下文的“itwaschallengingforme”可知，作者是害羞的(shy)女孩，所以会觉得代表小组参加面试是一个挑战。15．A.quietly B．sincerelyC．bravely D．critically解析：选C根据上文的“asthegroupleader”可知，作者作为组长，就算害羞也必须勇敢地(bravely)站出来。16．A.decided B．agreedC．hoped D．guaranteed解析：选C根据下文的“IthoughtIwasn'treallyready.”可知，模拟面试并不像作者希望(hoped)的那样顺利。17．A.confidence B．encouragementC．patience D．gratitude解析：选A根据下文的“IthoughtIwasn'treallyready.”可知，作者觉得自己没有准备好，没有了信心(confidence)。18．A.offer B．ideaC．duty D．turn解析：选D根据下文的“Istutteredwhilespeaking”可知，轮到作者了，作者很紧张。19．A.figure B．gapC．space D．issue解析：选B根据下文的“Iworkedhard”可知，作者知道和别人的差距(gap)很大，所以才努力。20．A.leading B．addingC．growing D．rising解析：选A根据下文的“Iworkedhardto________myspeechandreciteitasoftenaspossible”可知，句子表示作者在正式面试前的几天里努力准备，因此空格处是“通往”。21．A.cite B．deliverC．publish D．edit解析：选D根据下文的“myspeechandreciteitasoftenaspossible”可知，作者编辑(edit)演讲稿，并尽可能多地背诵。22．A.beggedfor B．longedforC．reliedon D．metwith解析：选B根据下文的“Iwouldworkharder”可知，句子表示“如果我渴望成功，我会更努力地工作”。longfor“渴望”。23．A.drew B．missedC．lost D．brought解析：选A根据“No.1”可知，作者是抽到了第一个。draw“抽(签、牌)”。24．A.enjoyed B．recognizeC．inspected D．faced解析：选D根据下文的“thestareoffiveexperts”可知，作者面前有五位专家，因此是“面对”专家。25．A.project B．interviewC．speech D．performance解析：选A根据文章第一句的“ourgroup'sprojecthadsuccessfullyenteredtheinterviewstage”可知，作者此处讲述的是他们组的项目。26．A.gradually B．barelyC．unexpectedly D．equally解析：选C根据空格后的“smooth”和上文中的“Iwasextremelynervous,andIstutteredwhilespeaking”可知，作者原本很紧张，现在进展顺利，所以这是出乎意料地(unexpectedly)。27．A.acknowledged B．expressedC．covered D．obtained解析：选B根据下文的“theirsatisfaction”可知，专家是表达(expressed)了他们的满意。28．A.campaign B．groupC．task D．goal解析：选D根据下文的“Maybetheresultwillturnoutbetter.”可知，句子表示“为你的目标而努力”。课时作业(二)主题表达升格训练(限时40分钟)Ⅰ.根据要求完成下列句子1．(完成句子)Atpresent,coming_up_with_ways_to_fight_against_the_effects_of_climate_change(想出应对气候变化影响的方法)isapressingconcern.(动名词短语作主语)2．(完成句子)Weoftensee_some_ancient_buildings_being_destroyed(看到一些古建筑正在被破坏)orpulleddown.(see＋宾语＋宾语补足语)3．(完成句子)There_is_no_proof_that(没有证据)hewonthefirstplaceinthecompetition.4．(完成句子)Shown_this_Sunday_afternoon(将于本周日下午放映),theshortfilmwilllasttwohours.5．(完成句子)Hebecame_the_first_Asian(成为第一个亚洲人)tobeatthe10.00secondsbarrierinthemen's100meters.6．(一句多译)当他自我介绍时，我太紧张了，以至于根本没注意。①Iwastoo_nervous_to_pay_attention_whenheintroducedhimself.(too...todo...)②Iwasso_nervous_that_I_didn't_pay_attentionwhenheintroducedhimself.(so...that...)7．(同义句转换)WhenIpassedby,Isawamanenteranoffice.→WhenIpassedby,amanwasseento_enter_an_office.8．Hisencouragementplayedanimportantroleinwinningthecontest.(升级为强调句型)→It_was_his_encouragement_that_played_an_important_role_in_winning_the_contest.Ⅱ.语法填空(2023·潍坊市高三模拟)Skiingisanextremelypopularsportthatisenjoyedworldwide.TheoldestandmostaccuratelydocumentedevidenceofskiingoriginisfoundinmoderndayNorwayandSweden.__1__word“ski”comesfromtheOldNorseword“skie”，__2__(mean)split(劈开的)piecesofwoodorfirewood.Skiinghasevolvedintotwomajordifferenttypes:AlpineskiingandNordicskiing.Alpineskiing,also__3__(refer)toasdownhillskiing,perhapsisthemostpopularformofskiing.ItoriginatedintheEuropeanAlps,andischaracterizedbyfixed－heelbindings(捆绑物)thatattachatboththefrontandtheheel(脚后跟)ofthe__4__(skier)boot.Thebootsarereinforcedplasticthat__5__(steady)holdthefoottotheski,andskipolesareused.Downhillskisvary__6__lengthandshapedependingontheheightoftheplayerandthetypeofsnowtheywillbeskiing.Nordicskiing,alsoknownas“crosscountry”skiing,__7__(involve)skiingoverflatground.MostNordiccountryskisarelongandthin,allowingtheweightoftheskier__8__(distribute)quickly.Crosscountryskiersusepolestodrive__9__(they)forward.Crosscountrybootsareattachedtotheskiatthetoewithabinding,__10__theheelrema