循环系统解剖结构-李静

脉管系统Angiology心血管系统 CardiovascularSystem淋巴系统 LymphaticSystemJingLiMar.24.2009jing.li@基础医学整合课程：各论ⅠTheCardiovascularSystem

Ⅰ.Introduction

Ⅰ)Theorganization

—

heart

centralpump

—

arteries

carrybloodawayfromtheheart—

capillaries

connectarteriolesandvenules

—

veins

transportbloodfromthecapillaries

基础医学整合课程：各论Ⅰ基础医学整合课程：各论ⅠⅡ)Circuits

体循环Thesystemic(greater)circulation肺循环Thepulmonary(lesser)circulationⅠ.Introduction基础医学整合课程：各论Ⅰ血管的吻合vascularanastomosis1、动脉间吻合

2、静脉间吻合

3、动静脉间吻合

※侧支吻合collateralcirculation

基础医学整合课程：各论Ⅰ物质运输O2，C02，metabolism,etc内分泌心钠素、肾素、血管紧张素、etc脉管系统的功能HeartPosition

PericardiumExternalmorphologyRelationsCardiacchambersConductionVessels基础医学整合课程：各论ⅠLieswithinthepericardiuminmiddlemediastinumBehindthebodyofsternumandcoastalcartilages2to6Infrontofthoracicvertebrae5to8Athirdofitliestotherightofmedianplanand2/3totheleftPosition基础医学整合课程：各论Ⅰ心包Pericardium基础医学整合课程：各论Ⅰ1.Itcomprises2sacs:纤维心包fibrouspericardium浆膜心包serouspericardium:壁层parietallayer脏层viscerallayerthetransversesinusAnteriorinferiorsinus基础医学整合课程：各论Ⅰ心包Pericardium2.Thepericardialcavity:心包横窦Transversepericardialsinus心包斜窦Obliquepericardialsinus心包前下窦Anteriorinferiorsinusthewallsoftheheart3layers—心外膜epicardium—心肌层myocardium心房肌心室肌—心内膜endocardiumcontinuewiththeliningofthelargebloodvessels基础医学整合课程：各论Ⅰ一尖——心尖cardiacapex 一底——心底cardiacbase两面——胸肋面（前面）和膈面（下面） Externalmorphology基础医学整合课程：各论Ⅰ心内注射三缘threeborders：下缘、左缘、右缘四沟threegrooves：冠状沟（房室沟）coronarysulcus前室间沟ant.interventriculargroove后室间沟post.interventriculargroove后房间沟post.interatrialgrooveExternalmorphology基础医学整合课程：各论Ⅰ房室交点crux:左右心房和左右心室在心后面互相接近之处心尖切迹Thecardiacseptum房间隔interatrialseptum 室间隔interventricularseptum

----卵园窝Ovalfossa

----肌部

----膜部Membranouspart基础医学整合课程：各论ⅠASDVSD右心房rightatrium右心室rightventricle左心房leftatrium左心室leftventricleCardiacChambers基础医学整合课程：各论Ⅰ右心房RightAtrium基础医学整合课程：各论Ⅰ固有心房梳状肌pectinatemuscles右房室口rightatrioventricularorifice界沟terminalsulcus界嵴terminalcrest右心房RightAtrium基础医学整合课程：各论Ⅰ界沟terminalsulcus界嵴terminalcrest腔静脉窦上腔静脉口orificeofsuperiorvenacava下腔静脉口orificeofinferiorvenacava下腔静脉瓣Eustachian

冠状窦口orificeofcoronarysinus

冠状窦瓣Thebesian

卵圆窝fossa

ovalis

Koch三角：冠状窦口前内缘、三尖瓣隔侧尖附着缘和Todaro腱之间的三角区,内有房室结右心室Rightventricle基础医学整合课程：各论Ⅰ流入道/固有心腔/窦部隔缘肉柱septomarginaltrabecula右房室口

rightatriaventricularorifice

三尖瓣tricuspidvalve（前、后、隔侧尖）三尖瓣复合体tricuspidcomplex：三尖瓣环、瓣尖、腱索和乳头肌

室上嵴supraventricularcrest肉柱隔缘肉柱Papillarymuscles乳头肌右心室Rightventricle基础医学整合课程：各论Ⅰ流出道/动脉圆锥conusarteriosus/漏斗部

肺动脉口orificeofpulmonarytrunk肺动脉瓣pulmonaryvalve※心内注射胸骨旁第4肋间隙室上嵴supraventricularcrest左心房Leftatrium基础医学整合课程：各论Ⅰ左心耳leftauricle左心房窦(固有心房）leftatrialsinus肺静脉开口、左房室口左心室Leftventricle基础医学整合课程：各论Ⅰ流入道/窦部

左房室口leftatrioventricularorifice二尖瓣复合体bicuspidcomplex二尖瓣环、瓣叶、腱索和乳头肌

左心室Leftventricle基础医学整合课程：各论Ⅰ流出道/主动脉前庭aorticvestibule

主动脉口

aorticorifice

主动脉瓣

aorticvalve主动脉窦aorticsinus基础医学整合课程：各论Ⅰ瓣膜位置作用二尖瓣mitralvalve左房室口防止血液由左心室返回左心房三尖瓣tricuspidvalve右房室口防止血液由右心室返回右心房主动脉瓣aorticvalve主动脉口防止血液由主动脉返回左心室肺动脉瓣pulmonaryvalve肺动脉口防止血液由肺动脉返回右心室心瓣膜heartvalves基础医学整合课程：各论Ⅰ心纤维性支架fibrousskeleton