计算机专业英语重点单词及部分课后复习资料

Unit1单词：Hardware硬件Monitor监视器Motherboard主板remember记得，想起，记住sequence连续，继续，次序animation动画片，卡通memory记忆，回忆，存储器type类型，样式mouse鼠标pointer指针，指示器keyboard键盘Typewriter打字机disk磁盘，圆盘，唱片floppy软的、软盘conjunction接合，连接，连接词perform履行，表演，行动instruction指令，命令，指示，task任务，工作，作业用法说明keypad键区，数字按键键盘store存储，储藏diskette磁盘screen屏，屏幕view视域，观察，观看information消息，信息，通知input输入equip装备，配备output输出socket插孔，孔，套接字temporarily暂时地，临时地removefrom…c从。。。删除inadditionto除，，，之外I/Oport输入输出接口removabledisk可移动硬盘Circuitboard电路板externaldevice外部设备Inreality事实上serialport串行接口1/18Extrakey扩充键Beuesdin用于becapableof能够，具有。。。的能力Diskdrive磁盘驱动器USB（universalserialbus）通用centralprocessunit）中央串行总线SCSI（smallcomputersystemCPU（处理器RAM（randomaccessmemory）随机interface）存储器小型计算机系统接口ROM（readonlymemory）只读存储器〖Ex.3〗根据下面的英文解释，写出相应的英文词汇（使用学过的单词词组或缩略语）英文、解释词汇1)Aprocessorwhoseelementshavebeen1)CPU中央处理miniaturizedintooneorafewintegrated器circuits.ItisusuallyusedinPC.2)Themainboardofacomputer,usually2)motherboardcontainingthecircuitryforthecentral主板processingunit,keyboard,andmonitorandoftenhavingslotsforacceptingadditionalcircuitry.3)Aunitofacomputerthatpreserves3)memory存储2/18dataforretrieval.器4)Ahand-held,button-activatedinput4)mouse鼠标devicethatwhenrolledalongaflatsurfacedirectsanindicatortomovecorrespondinglyaboutacomputerscreen,allowingtheoperatortomovetheindicatorfreely,astoselectoperationsormanipulatetextorgraphics.5)Asetofkeys,asonacomputer5)keyboard键terminal,wordprocessor,typewriter.盘6)Aconnectionpointforaperipheral6)port接口device.7)Amachinecodetellingacomputerto7)instructionperformaparticularoperation.指令命令8)Theinformationorimagedisplayedat8)screen屏幕agiventimeonamonitor,display,orvideoterminal:9)Aninputdevice,sometimespartofa9)keypad键区standardtypewriterkeyboard,consistingofaseparategridofnumericalandfunctionkeysarrangedforefficientdataentry.3/1810)Informationputintoacommunications10)input输入systemfortransmissionorintoacomputersystemforprocessing.〖Ex.5〗把下列短文翻译成中文系统面板和普通键盘有专门控制键，你可以使用这些控制键实现主要的多媒体功能：观相片、听音乐和看电影。面板还有为看电视和阅读电视指南而设的快速启动按钮。Ex.9〗用that从句做宾语将下面汉语译成英语你应该知道，你不仅仅能读取磁盘上的数据，也能够往上面写新的信息1.Youshouldknowthatyoucannotonlyreaddatafromthediskbutalsowritenewinformationtoit.你应该意识到，软盘容纳不了多少数据2.Youshouldrealizethatfloppiesdonotholdtoomuchdata.我们计算机老实说，USB要比火线慢多了3.OurcomputerteachersaidthatUSBismuchslowerthanFirewire.我认为CPU主要责任是执行指令4.Ithink/believethattheCPUisprimarilyresponsibleforexecutinginstructions.Unit2单词Access存取Microprocessor微处理器Modem调制解调器Accessory附加设备Analog模拟物相似物Modulate调制调整4/18Attached附上。。。的Component部件Promote提供Reproduce再生，，复制Resolution分辨率Retrieve检索Configuration配置Convert使转变Demodulate使调解，使检波Sequential继续的，后果的Document文档，资料Drive驱动器Analogsignal模拟型号Expansioncard扩展卡Expansionslot扩展槽Harddisk硬盘Eletronic电子的Flatbed平板Graphic绘画似的，图解的Harddrive硬盘驱动器Handheld手持的Laserprinter激光打印机Plugandplay即插即用Videocard视频卡Hopper-feed单进的Interconnect互相连接BIOS（basicinput/outputsystem）CMOS(complementarymetaloxidesemiconductor)互补金属氧化物半导体基本输入输出系统〖Ex.3〗根据下面的英文解释，写出相应的英文词汇（使用学过的单词、词组或缩略语）英文解释词汇1)Adevicethatreadsdatafromand1)drive驱动器writesdataontoastoragemedium,such5/18asafloppydisk.2)Thepartofasystemthatproduces2)printer打印printedmatter.机3)Numericalorotherinformation3)data数据representedinaformsuitableforprocessingbycomputer.4)Tovarythefrequency,amplitude（振4)modulate调幅）,phase,orothercharacteristicof制调整(electromagneticwaves).5)Anintegratedcircuitthatcontains5)theentirecentralprocessingunitofamicroprocessorcomputeronasinglechip.微处理器6)standard标准6)acriterion（标准）.7)Thepointofinteractionor7)interface接communicationbetweenacomputerandany口界面otherentity,suchasaprinterorhumanoperator.8)Anactivityprovidingentertainmentor8)game游戏amusement;apastime:9)Circularregionsadiskisdividedinto9)track磁道10)Thecombinationofequipmentneeded10)6/18torunacomputersystemconfiguration配置Unit3〖Ex.3〗根据下面的英文解释，写出相应的英文词汇（使用学过的单词词组或缩略语）英文、解释词汇AtinysliceorchipofmaterialonwhichIC集成电路isetchedorimprintedacomplexofelectroniccomponentsandtheirinterconnections.AfaststoragebufferinthecentralCache高速缓存processingunitofacomputer.AsmallmemorythatallowsfastaccesstoROM只读存储器permanentlystoreddatabutpreventsadditiontoormodificationofthedata.AmachinecodetellingacomputertoInstruction命performaparticularoperation.令指令AminutesliceofasemiconductingChip芯片material,suchassiliconorgermanium（锗）,doped（掺杂质）andotherwiseprocessedtohavespecifiedelectrical7/18characteristics,especiallybeforeitisdevelopedintoanelectroniccomponentorintegratedcircuit.Themainboardofacomputer,usuallyMotherboard主containingthecircuitryforthecentral板processingunit,keyboard,andmonitorandoftenhavingslotsforacceptingadditionalcircuitry.OforrelatingtothegenerationorPower能量transmissionofelectricity.AsinglecompleteexecutionofaCycle周期periodicallyrepeatedphenomenon:Tochangeinformorcharacter;alter.Modify修正AsourceofregularlyoccurringpulsesClock时钟usedtomeasurethepassageoftime,asinacomputer.Unit4单词Protocol协议Fundamental基础的，基本的，基本Optimize使最优化Reference提及，涉及，参考原则Node结点8/18Construct建造，构造，创立Circular圆形的，循环的Queue队列Stack堆栈Pseudo假的，冒充的Regular规则的，有秩序的，经常的Expression表达式Datastructure数据结构Linkedlist链表Pseudocode伪代码Problemsolving问题求解，解决问题Machinecode机器代码FILI（firstin，lastout）先进后出〖Ex.3〗根据下面的英文解释，写出相应的英文词汇（使用学过的单词词组或缩略语）英文、解释词汇AstandardprocedureforregulatingdataProtocol协议transmisssionbetweencomputer.TomakeasperfectoreffectiveasOptimize使最possible优化AsectionofmemoryanditsassociatedStack堆栈registersusedfortemporarystorageofinformationinwhichtheitemmostrecentlystoredisthefirsttoberetrieved9/18PositionorstatuswithregardtoSituation情conditionsandcircumstances形，状况，事态ToformbyassemblingorcombiningConstruct构造parts,buildOforrelatingtothefoundationorFundamental基base,elementary本的AjunctionofsometypeNode结点ToliveinaplaecpermanetlyorforanReside居住extendedperiod,existOfnoconsequence,efffect,orNull无效的，空value,insignificant的AnoperationoraquantitystatedinExpression表symbolicform,suchasx,yorx+y达式Unit5单词Assembler汇编程序Predate比。。。要早Category种类，类目，类别Release发行Classify分类，分等Compile汇编，编辑Compiler编辑器Replace取代Standardization标准化Browser浏览器Essentially本质上，基本上Complex复杂的，合成的，综合的10/18Incompatible不兼容的Concept概念，观念，思想Object-oriented面向对象的Implement实现，履行Optimize使最优化Impressive给人深刻印象的Portability可移植性Restricted受限制的悠闲地Portable可移植的，便携的Assemblylanguage汇编语言Machinelanguage机器语言Webapplication网络应用程序Webpage网页Object-orientedlanguage面向对象语言〖Ex.3〗根据下面的英文解释，写出相应的英文词汇（使用学过的单词词组或缩略语英文、）解释词汇Asystemofsymbolsandrulesusedforcomputercommunicationwithorbetweencomputers.language计算机语言Ahigh-levelcomputerprogrammingPascallanguagelanguagedesignedtosupportstructuredprogrammingandusedinteaching,applications,andsystemsprogramming.TomakeasperfectoreffectiveasOptimize使最possible.优化11/18AspecificallydefineddivisioninaCategory种类systemofclassification;aclass.类别Tochange(something)intoanotherform,Convert转变substance,state,orproduct;transform:变换AprogramoperatingonsymbolicinputAssembler汇编datatoproducetheequivalentexecutable程序machinecode.Toexamineorconsider(asubject)inDiscuss讨论speechorwriting.AdefectinthecodeorroutineofaBug错误program.Totranslate(aprogram)intomachinecompilelanguage.Tobeorprovideasubstitutefor.〖Ex.5〗把下列短文翻译成中文Replace取代佳能打印机有五种样式，价格从$80到$500不等，满足了任何想打印相片用户的需求。对于个别不常用的用户，可以选用佳能i455和i475D桌面相片打印机。对于性能要求更高，每种颜色要使用分开的墨盒的用户可以选择中档的i560和i860。对于专业照相师，可以使用i9100相片打印机，它能够打印13X19英寸的大相片。Unit612/18单词Collection收集收取收集物Remotely远程地，遥远地Initialize舒适化Terminal终端Provide供应，供给，准备，规定Interfere干涉，干预，妨碍Complexity复杂性Request请求，要求Responsible可靠的，可依赖的，负Priority优先权责的Interactwith及。。。交互，及。。OS）操作系统相合Multi-useroperatingsystem多用Operatingsystem（Petrolpump加油泵Wordprocess字处理程序户操作系统Multi-taskingoperatingsystemMSDOS（microsoftdiskoperatingsystem）多任务操作系统CLI（commandlineinterpreter）微软磁盘操作系统命令行解释程序〖Ex.3〗根据下面的英文解释，写出相应的英文词汇（使用学过的单词词组或缩略语）英文、解释词汇Provide供给供应Tomakeavailable,supply,affordAdevice,oftenequippedwithakeyboardTerminal终端andavideodisplay,throughwhichdataor13/18informationcanenterorleaveacomputersystemHavingfairknowledge,acquaintedFamiliar熟识的常见的Precedence,especiallyestablishedbyPriority优先orderofimportanceorurgency权Alarge,powerfulcomputer,oftenservingMainframe主机severalconnectedterminals大型机TosettoastartingpositionorvalueInitialize初始化Onethatdetects,especiallyaDetector检测mechanical,electrical,ordevicechemical器，探测器AprogramthattranslatesaninstructionInterpreter解intoamachinelanguageandexecutesit释程序beforeproceedingtothenextinstructionNotinuseoroperationGarbage无用数据废物Toexpressadesirefor,askforRequest要求请求〖Ex.4〗把下列句子翻译为中文：14/181）Windows3.1只能在x86系列处理器计算机上运行。2）WindowsCE是MS-Windows是轻便种类。3）WindowsCE可以在几种不同的处理器上运行，包括x86系列以及几种安装在PDA（个人数字助理）上的、嵌入式系统的和手持设备上的处理器。4）UNIX功能强大，它完全是多任务的，能够完成所有操作系统所能做的事情。5）Linux可以免费下载，也可以花费少量服务费用购买Linux光盘。6）Linux也可能们甚至成功地使Linux在PDA（个人数字助理）上运行。8）Linux速度快、性能比任何操作系统都适合更多的硬件组合。7）人稳定且价格便宜，因此它受到因特网服务提供商、软件开发商和类似家庭计算机嗜好者的欢迎。9）到年底，最大容量台式PC机硬盘的转速将达到每分钟5400转。10）我推荐个人使用CD-R作为自己主要的备份工具。〖Ex.5〗把近几年硬件驱动器给予以往的摩尔定律以沉重打击。每18个月微处产量相对晶体管翻一翻（处理能力差不多翻了一翻），而驱动器以下列短文翻译成中文理器的及其它种类的存储设备每10个到每12个月就能够翻一翻。Unit7〖Ex.3〗根据下面的英文解释，写出相应的英文词汇（使用学过的单词、词组或缩略语）英文解释词汇15/18AsystemofcomputersinterconnectedbyNetwork网络telephonewiresorothermeansinordertoshareinformation.AsystemthatlinkstogetherelectronicLAN局域网officeequipment,suchascomputersandwordprocessors,andformsanetworkwithinanofficeorabuilding.ThenumericaldifferencebetweentheBandwidthupperandlowerfrequenciesofabandof带宽electromagneticradiation,especiallyanassignedrangeofradiofrequencies.AspecifiedfrequencybandfortheChannel通transmissionandreceptionof道，信道electromagneticsignals,asfortelevisionsignals.AnimpulseorafluctuatingelectricSignal信号quantity,suchasvoltage,current,orelectricfieldstrength,whosevariationsrepresentcodedinformation.Thesendingofasignal,picture,orotherinformationfromatransmitter.Transmission传送16/18AstandardprocedureforregulatingdataProtocol协transmissionbetweencomputers.Aterminalinacomputernetwork.议Node结点AdeviceusedtobreakoropenanelectricSwitch交circuitortodivertcurrentfromone换机conductortoanother.AboundorsheathedgroupofmutuallyCable电缆insulatedco