名词性从句讲义

优选文档名词性从句引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：连接词：that,whether,if,asif/though（不充当从句的任何成分）连接代词：what,whatever,who,whoever,whom,whose,which.有词义，在从句中担当作分，如:主、宾、表或定语等。连接副词：when,where,how,why.有词义，在从句中担当作分，作状语。㈠．主语从句：1.作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。Whowillgoisnotimportant.用it作形式主语，主语从句放在句末。Itdoesn’tmattersomuchwhetheryouwillcomeornot.that引导的主语从句放在句首时，在句中无词义，只起连接作用，不能够省略；Thatshewilldowellinherexamiscertain4.that引导的主语从句，一般放在主句的后边，即把it放在句首作形式主语。1）It+be+形容词/名词/过去分词+that从句常用的句型有Itisapity/ashame/nowonder/asurprisethat：Itisnecessary/important/natural/strangethatItissuggested/requested/proposed/desiredthat注意:在主语从句中用来表示惊诧、不相信、惋惜、理应这样等语气时，谓语动词要用虚假语气“(should)+do”(2）It+不及物动词+that从句Itseems/appears/happened/occurredtosb.that(3)Itistimethatsb.did或shoulddo（注意：should不能够够省略）主语从句中主谓一致问题主语从句作主语相当于第三人称单数作主语，谓语动词用单数；Whenthemeetingwillbeginhasnotbeendecidedyet.若是由and连接两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用复数；Whentheywillstartandwheretheygohavenotbeendecidedyet.若是由and连接两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句时，谓语动词用单数。Whenandwherethemeetingwillbeginhasnotbeendecidedyet.㈡.表语从句：1.表语从句在复合句中作表语，位于系动词（be/seem/remain/look/appear/etc）后。Thefactisthatwehavelostthegame.2.asif/though引导的表语从句真实的忧如（陈述语气）：Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.不能能出现得忧如（虚假语气）：Thepencillooksasifitwerebrokeninthemiddle.注意:当主语是reason/cause时，表语从句要用that引导而不是because。since,as不能够引导表语从句。Thereasonwhyhewaslatewasthathemissedthetrainbyoneminutethismorning㈢.宾语从句：1.作动词宾语Iexpect（that）IshallbebackonSunday.2.作介词宾语TheteacherissatisfiedwithwhatIsaid.3.作afraid,glad,certain,sure等形容词的宾语。I’mafraidthatIwillbelate.㈣.同位语从句

I’mgladthatyoupassedtheexam.同位语从句在复合句中作某一名词的同位语，一般位于该名词此后，说明该名词的详尽内容。可用于同位语从句的名词有advice、demand、doubt、fact、hope、idea、information、message、news、order、problem、promise、question、request、suggestion、truth、wish、word等。Thenewsthatwewonthegameisexciting.ThethoughtcametohimthatMaryhadprobablyfallenill..优选文档名词性从句高考考点考点1、主语从句常用it作形式主语，而把主语从句置于句末。常用句型以下：（1）It+be+名词（anhonor,agoodthing,apity,nosurprise/nowonder/etc.）+that从句Eg:Itisapitythatyoudidn’tgotoseethefilm.（2）It+be+形容词(natural/true,/obvious/good/wonderful/likely/possible/certain/etc.)+that从句Eg:Itiscertainthatshewilldowellinherexam（3）It+be+过去分词+that从句Eg:Itissuggestedthathebesenttohospital.（4）It+seem/happen/appear等不及物动词+that从句Eh:Ithappenedthatshewasoutthatday.（例题）___isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It考点2、it在宾语从句中的运用:1）动词+it+宾补（形容词、过去分词或名词）+that结构Ithinkitimportantthatweshouldkeepcalm.WefounditnecessarythatwepractiseEnglishdaily.2）介词/动词+it+that的特别结构(it作引导词)Youmaydependonitthattheysupport’llyou.Iwillappreciateitifyoucanhelpme.考点3、名词性从句中what与that的差异that引导的名词性从句表事实，不含疑问，在从句中不充当句子成分,没有含义;what引导的名词性从句表疑问，在句中充当主语、宾语、表语或定语。Iwanttoknowwhatyouaregoingtodotomorrow.Iknowthatyou’rebetternow.考点4、名词性从句的语序应用陈述语序：主语+谓语Heasked________foraviolin．A.didIpayhowmuchB.IpaidhowmuchC.howmuchdidIpayD.howmuchIpaid注意：1）whatisthematter自己就是陈述句语序2）疑问词+doyouthink+陈述句语序____________youhaveseenbothfighters,_________willwin?A.Since;doyouthinkwhoB.As;whoyouthinkC.When;whoeverD.Since;whodoyouthink考点5、宾语从句的时态响应当主句动词是现在时，从句依照自己的句子情况，而使用不同样时态。当主句动词是过去（could/would除外），从句则要用相应的过去时态，如一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时等；当从句表示的是客观真理，科学原理，自然现象，则从句仍用一般现在时态。TheteachertoldusthatTomhadleftusforAmerica．Theteachertoldusthattheearth_______roundthesun.A.goesB.wentC.isgoingD.hadgone考点6、that不能省略的情况1）并列的宾语从句中，从第二个宾语从句开始都不能够够省略。Wemustneverthink(that)wearegoodineverythingandthatothersaregoodinnothing.2）作介词but、except、in等的宾语时不能省。Iknownothingabouthimexceptthatheisfromthenorth.3）在it作形式宾语的宾语从句中不省略。Wemustmakeitclearthatweshouldfinishthetasktoday..4）that引导的主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。Thattheirsonhadpassedtheexammadethemhappy.5）当that前有插入语时，Tomdoesn’tknow,I’msure,thathehaspassedtheexam.6）当that宾语从句中状语部分位于从句前部时Tellhimthatifhecomestomorrow,pleasecallme..优选文档考点7、同位语从句和定语从句的差异：（1）同位语从句中，连词that在句中不担当句子成分，而引导定语从句的that则在从句中作主语，宾语等。同位语从句的wh一词多拥有疑问意义，而引导定语从句的wh一词则没有疑问意义。（2）定语从句是对先行词的修饰，限制；而同位语从句是讲解，说明先行词的内容。Thenewsthatourteamwonthegameistrue.Thenewsthatyouhaveheardisn’ttrue.考点8、只用whether的情况，不用if的情况：1）在动词不定式从前Ican’tdecidewhethertostayhere.2）在whetheror(not)的固定搭配中Iwanttoknowwhetherit’sgoodnewsornot.3）在介词后，只能用whether。Hisfatherisworriedaboutwhetherheloseshiswork.4）同位语从句、表语从句；主语从句位于句首Whethertheplanisfeasibleremainstobeproved.注意：引导条件句时，只能用ifPleasecometoseemeifyouhavetime.5)discuss后的宾语从句只能用whetherWearediscussingwhetherwe’llgocampingtomorrow.考点9、who/whoever;what/whateverwho/what等含特指意义，有疑问；而whoever/whatever等含泛指含义，没有疑问Idon’tknow_____willcomehere._______comeshereisok._______comeshere,itisok2）疑问词+ever和nomatter+疑问词的差异：疑问词+ever(无论..)能够引导名词性从句和退步状语从句;nomatter+疑问词只能引导退步状语从句Whoeverbreakstherulemustbepunished.Whoeverbreakstherule,hemustbepunished=Nomatterwhobreakstherule,hemustbepunished.Sarahhopestobecomeafriendof_______sharesherinterests.A.anyoneB.whomeverC.whoeverD.nomatterwho考点10、宾语从句中的虚假语气、否定前移1）在demand、order、suggest、decide、insist,desire,request,command等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后，宾语从句常用“（should）+动词原形”。Iinsistthatshe_____herworkalone.A.doB.doesC.willdoD.did2）宾语从句的否定前移。当主句的主语是第一人称I或we,且谓语动词为imagine,believe,expect,supposethink,时，其宾语从句的否定，要将从句中的否定形式移到主句中，即把上述主句中的动词变为否定式。注：此种用法它的反意疑问句的助动词由从句的助动词来决定，并且用必定形式。