江苏省扬州市2022-2023学年高二下学期开学考试英语试题

试卷第=page11页，共=sectionpages33页试卷第=page11页，共=sectionpages33页江苏省扬州市2022-2023学年高二下学期开学考试英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、短对话1．Whatdidthewomandolastnight?A．Shesawafilm. B．Shedidherhomework. C．ShewenttoJohnson’shome.2．Whatactivitydoesthemanlike?A．Snowboarding. B．Snowkiting. C．Climbing.3．Whatdoesthemanthinkofhisdrivingtest?A．Excited. B．Anxious. C．Relieved.4．Howdoesthewomanusuallyeatcarrots?A．Shemakesjuiceoutofthem. B．Sheeatsthemraw. C．Shecooksthem.5．WhydoesKendraneedhelp?A．Sheisanewstudent. B．Shemissedsomeclasses. C．Shealwaysfailsinscience.二、长对话听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6．Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A．Unemployment. B．Futurewaysofworking. C．At-homeactivities.7．Whatdoesthewomanlikedoingathome?A．Sendingfriendsemails. B．Callingherfriend. C．WatchingTV.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8．Whathappenedintheman’sschool?A．Thefirealarmwentoutoforder.B．Hedidn’teathissandwichatnoon.C．Thestudentsallmissedtheirclasses.9．Whomightthewomanbe?A．Theman’sclassmate. B．Theman’steacher. C．Theman’smother.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。10．Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A．Athome. B．Atschool. C．Inabookstore.11．WhyisSarahsad?A．Herpetgotlost. B．Herworkisdifficult. C．Herparentshaveproblems.12．WhatdoesMr.ThompsonsuggestSarahdo?A．Getanewcat. B．Readabook. C．Focusonherlessons.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。13．Whatisthemandoing?A．Showingthewomanaroundbycar.B．Lookingforanapartmentforhimself.C．Promotingaflattothewoman.14．Whatistheadvantageofthefirstflat?A．Itisgoodbutcheap.B．Ithasaclassicalkitchen.C．Itisconvenientforshopping.15．Whydothetwogirlsrentouttheirapartment?A．Becauseitiscomfortabletoliveinthecitycenter.B．Becausetheywantsomeonetosharetheemptybedroom.C．Becausetheyneedsomeone’shelptocleantheapartment.16．Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Roommates. B．Strangers. C．Friends.三、短文听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17．WhatcanthelistenersreadintheNo.2ReadingRoom?A．BooksinChinese.B．Booksinforeignlanguages.C．Newspapersandmagazines.18．WhereistheNo.4ReadingRoom?A．Onthefirstfloor. B．Onthesecondfloor. C．Onthethirdfloor.19．Whichisforteachersonly?A．TheReferenceMaterialsCenter.B．TheNo.3ReadingRoom.C．TheNo.lReadingRoom.20．Howmanycardscanbeusedtoborrowworksofhistory?A．Five. B．Two. C．One.四、阅读理解HighSchoolStudioWorkshopsSinglemuseumvisit,2.5hoursGrades9–12Thesehalf-dayartworkshopsincludeanin-depthexaminationanddiscussionofworksofartinthegalleries,followedbybehind-the-scenesaccesstotheEducationStudio,wherestudentscreatearelatedartproject.Duringtheworkshop,NationalGalleryofArteducatorswillencouragestudentstolookcarefullyatworksofartandthensharetheirresponsesanddeveloptheoriesbasedontheirobservations.Studentswillhavetheopportunitytocreateaworkofartinthestudioinspiredbywhattheyhaveseeninthegalleries.MuseumMakers:ExploringArtandMuseumsGrades11–12TheMuseumMakersprogramexplainshowmuseumsoperateandwhattheyhavetooffer.Itgivesupper-levelhighschoolstudentsthetoolstoexperience,understandandinterpretart.Participantswillgainaninsider’sviewofhowanartmuseumworks.StudentsmeetforsevenSaturdaysessionsfrom10:00amto3:00pm.Completionoftheprogramrequiresattendanceofallsevensessions.CreativeWritingintheGalleriesGrades7–12,90minutesStudentswillprovideavoicefortheirpersonalresponsestoartthroughcreativewritingwhilelookingataselectionofartworksinthegalleries.Usingcloseobservation,groupdiscussion,andpersonalreflection,theywillbeguidedthroughexercisesthatusedifferentwritingforms,includingfree-formpoetry.Amaximumof30students(minimumof15)willbeaccommodated(容纳)ateachsession.21．WhatcanstudentsdoduringHighSchoolStudioWorkshops?A．TheycanexperiencethescenicaccessintheEducationStudio.B．Theycanbeofferedtheopportunitytoanartentranceexamination.C．Theycanexpresstheiropinionsanddeveloptheirobservationabilities.D．Theycancreateanartworkrelatedtowhathasbeenseeninthegalleries.22．Whatdothethreeactivitieshaveincommon?A．Theylimitthenumberofvisitors. B．Theyaresuitablefora12thgrader.C．Theyletvisitorsmakehandicrafts. D．Theylastamorningoranafternoon.23．Wheremightthisarticlebechosen?A．Atraveljournal. B．Aresearchreport.C．Anartmagazine. D．Ateachingdesign.Fromcheckingsocialmediaeveryminutetobeinglostincomputergames,wetendtooverusetechnology.“Formanypeople,amomentwithoutyourphoneorlaptopinsightcanfeellikealifetime,”theDailyMailcommented.AteamfromtheUS-basedcompanyTollFreeForwardingbuiltathree-dimensionalmodeltosniffoutthenegativeeffectstechnologycanhaveonhumanbodiesinlessthan800years.ThecomputermodelcalledMindymaypersuademanypeopletothinktwice.“Spendinghourslookingdownatyourphonestrainsyourneckandthrowsyourspine(脊柱)offbalance,”explainedCalebBacke,ahealthandwellnessexpertintheUS.Then,themusclesinourneckneedtospendextraefforttosupportthehead,makingourbackhunched(驼背的)andneckwide.“Thewayweholdourphonescancausestrainincertainpointsofcontact–causingtextclaw(手机手),”NikolaDjordjevic,aphysicianinSerbia,toldtheteam.Itaffectstheelbowstoo,causingpaininthearm.Scientifically,itiscalledcubitaltunnelsyndrome(肘管综合征).That’swhyMindyhasa90-degreeelbow,andherhandslooklikeshe’salwaysholdingamobilephone.Somepeoplealsocommentedthathumanevolutionmaynotworkthisway.Theybelievethatonlyfeatureswithactualbenefitswouldbekeptthroughouttheyears.Forexample,featuresthatcanincreasetherateofsurvival,insteadofthenegativeimpactoftechnology.However,currenthumanlifestylesstillraiseconcerns.AmodelcalledEmmawasbuiltbyresearchersintheUKin2019toshowhowthewaypeopleworkattheirdeskscouldchangethemin20years.TheresearchteambuiltEmmabasedonthehealthissuesmentionedbyover3,000workersinFrance,GermanyandtheUK.Emma’sbackstaysbent,andherlegsareswollen(肿胀的)duetothetimepeoplespendinfrontofcomputers.Withlittletimespentoutdoorsandinthesun,herskinispale,too.24．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“sniffout”meaninparagraph2?A．Detect. B．Approach. C．Polish. D．Contradict.25．WhatcanwelearnfromthetwomodelsofMindyandEmma?A．TheyarebuiltbythesameUS-basedcompany.B．Theybothhavebentbacksandpaleskinsimilarly.C．Everyonedoesn’tapprovehumanwillevolvethewaylikeMindy.D．Emma’sstrangeelbowisduetoholdingupaphoneforalongtime.26．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthisresearch?A．Negative. B．Indifferent.C．Objective. D．Favorable.27．Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A．TocomparetwocomputermodelsMindyandEmma.B．Toillustratethereasonsforoverusingphonetechnology.C．Toaddresstheeffectscausedbytoomuchmobilephoneuse.D．Toremindtechnologicaldependencemaychangeourappearance.Plentyofdays,temperaturesinCalifornia’sMojaveDesertclimbabove120degreesFahrenheit.400silveredglasspanels,fixedintothewesternedgeofthathotdesert,aretheretogenerateheat15timesthatamount.And,ideally,tohelpcooltheplanettoo.MadebythePasadena-basedcompanyHeliogen,each16-square-footheliostat(定日镜)reflectsakilowattofsunlighttothetopofafive-storytower,whereit’sabsorbedbyareceiver.Asthelittleblackheliostatburnswhite,itisover1,800degrees.That’shotenoughtobeginmanufacturingcement(水泥)andotherindustrialproducts—processesthattypicallyrelyonburningfossilfuels—andtopotentiallycutupto10percentofglobalgreenhousegasemissions.HeliogenCEOBillGrosshasdreamedoftakingadvantageofthesunsincethe1973energycrisis,whenhesoldDIYsolarpanels.Thosesaleshelpedputhimthroughcollege.Lastfall,thecompanyfiredupthisfirstarray(阵列).“Itwasabitlikewatchingamoonlanding,”Grosssays.SimilararrayshavebeenusedtomakeelectricityandtastySunChips,andevendrillforoil.Butthosepeakaround1,000degrees,becauseeachheliostathastobeindividuallyadjustedandcanfalloutofrankovertime.WithHeliogen,camerasatthetopofthetowerscanthesky,andimageanalysissoftwarefiguresoutthebestpositionforeachmirror,whichcancircleinlessthan1/160ofadegree.Grosssayssuchefficiencycandeliverheat20percentmorecheaplythanfossilfuelscan.Asproofofconcept,Heliogenhassetupakiln(炉)atthetopofthetowertodirectlyheatlimestone,akeystepinmakingcement.Thisyearthecompanyplanstolinkwithcommercialpartnersthathavethelargeshadowlesslandrequired.Grossisalsobuildingareceiverthatcanhandletemperaturesabove2,700degrees.Thatkindofstrongfirecancreatesynthetichydrogen(合成氢),whichcouldreplaceoil-basedfuels.“Civilizationdependsoncementandsteel—ourroads,travel,everything,”Grosssays.“We’vefoundawaytocleanitup.”28．WhatisthecharacteristicofHeliogen’sheliostat?A．Itcanworkaroundtheclockinhotdesert.B．Itconsistsofover400silveredglasspanels.C．Itstemperaturecanreachover2,700degrees.D．Itreliesonareceivertomakeindustrialproducts.29．HowdoesHeliogen’sheliostattakeeffect?A．Italwayscirclesaroundthesunprecisely.B．Itreducesmuchgreenhousegasemissions.C．Itreplacesnuclearfuelintheindustrialfield.D．Itburnsitselftogeneratesynthetichydrogen.30．WhatcanwelearnfromHeliogenCEOBillGross?A．Hewasexcitedaboutwhathiscompanyhasachieved.B．Hemadeabreakthroughinmanufacturingcementlastfall.C．Hehadnorelatedknowledgebeforethecompanyestablishment.D．Hepromotedthecooperationwithotherpartnersinsolarenergy.31．Whatdoesthelastsentence“We’vefoundawaytocleanitup.”mean?A．Thesolarenergyapplicationtoproducingproductsisapromisingreform.B．Weshouldremovethetraditionalwaysofmanufacturingcementandsteel.C．Morecementandsteelshouldbeproducedtocreateadvancedcivilization.D．Peopleneedtouseoil-basedfuelstomakemorecivilization-relatedproducts.AdamRyan,31,hasworkedatTargetinChristiansburg,Virginia,forthreeyears.“IhavetolivewithmyfamilybecauseIcan’taffordrentonmyown.Idon’thavehealthinsurance.TargethastoldmeIdon’tqualifyfortheirbenefitsbecauseIdon’tgetenoughhours,”saidRyan,whoisalsoanorganizerwithTargetWorkersUnite,anindependentinitiativeofTargetworkers.Hemakes$13anhour,thehourlyminimumwageatTargetsinceJune2022,whichisscheduledtoincreaseto$15anhourbytheendof2023.ButRyanandseveralotherTargetworkerssayTargetiscuttingtheirschedulesanddoublingtheirworkloadasitincreasesminimumwageunderits‘modernizationplan’toincreaseefficiency.Theythinkthatbroaderinfluencesintheretailsector(零售业)areresponsiblefortheirdifficulty–especially,theactionsoftheirhard-chargingrivalAmazon.“They’rerespondingtowhatAmazonisdoing,”Ryanadded.“Theyaretryingtoturnthesestoresintotheirowndistributioncenters,usingbrick-and-mortarstores(实体店).Wehavetobewarehouseworkersandcustomerserviceworkers.”TargetWorkersUniterecentlyreleasedasurveyofmorethan500TargetworkersaroundtheUS,representing382differentstoresin44states.Only12.7%oftheworkerswhorespondedsaidtheycouldsurviveonthewagesfromTargetalone,with56%ofworkerscitingtheyhaveranoutoffoodwhileemployedatTarget,and12.8%ofworkersreportedexperiencinghomelessness.ThesurveyalsoprovidessomeinsightintoTarget’soppositiontoworkersorganizing.

Manyworkerssurveyedreporttheyhavebeenscoldedbymanagementfordiscussingworkplaceissuesinthestoreoronsocialmedia.AsTargetworkersreportstrugglingtomakeendsmeetwhileexperiencingcutstotheirschedules,lossofbenefits,andincreasedworkloads,Targetreportedrecordshareprices(股价)attheendof2022,consistentlybeatingpredictionsofsalesandprofitsin2022andfindingabalancebetweenphysicalstoresanddigitalcommerce.Theretailchainisrankedtheeighth-largestretailcorporationintheUSbasedonsales.Targetispreparingfortheargumentsagainsttheworkers’survey’sfindingandclaimsfromworkersoverworkingconditionsandschedulecuts.32．WhatcanweknowfromthemodernizationplanofTarget?A．Ithasnotreceivedwidespreadsupportfromemployees.B．Itmeanslessworkhourswhichcanbenefitbothparties.C．Onlyafewemployeescanbelaidoffwhenitisineffect.D．Newemployeessuffermoreforlackofmuchexperience.33．WhatdoesthesurveybyTargetWorkersUniteindicate?A．Halfworkerscouldnotfindenoughfoodtoliveon.B．Workers’livingconditionswereactuallynotoptimistic.C．Targetworkersbegantorealizethattheyhadbeencheated.D．Itwasinhumantomakesomeemployeestransfertheirpositions.34．Whatmessagedoesthispassageconveytoreaders?A．Targettriedtostrugglefortheirworkers’benefitsandwelfare.B．Targetconductedthemodernizationplan,butfailedintheend.C．Targetraisedmuchmoneytocopewithworkers’financialproblems.D．Targetraisedwages,butwithlessworkinghoursandmoreworkload.35．Whatmightthefollowingparagraphtalkabout?A．Targetdropstheplanbecauseofworkers’claims.B．DetailsofhowTargetdefendsitselfarepresented.C．ThewriterexplainswhyTargetachievedasuccess.D．Amazonencounterssimilarproblemsfromworkers.五、七选五HowtoMakeYourHolidayWonderfulDon’twanttospendaholidayalonefeelingblue?___36___1.Don’tForceCheerAtfamilygatherings,whenyourrelativesmakesomeuntruthfulcompliments(赞美),youwillprobablytrytoforceasmile.___37___Buta2011studybyresearchersatMichiganStateUniversitymightmakeyouthinktwice.Theyfolloweddozensofbusdriversfortwoweeks,lookingtoseewhentheyforceahappyfaceattheirpassengers.Theresultsshowedthatondayswhenthedriverstriedtopretendtohaveagoodmood,theiractualmoodsgotworse.2.Don’tSuppress(压制)SadnessTheresultsofthebus-driverstudycanbeexplainedbyresearchersfromStanfordUniversity,whofoundthatnegativefeelingslikesadnessorangeronlyworsenwhenwetrytosuppressthem.___38___Expressingoursadnesscanhelpusgetcomfortandcompassionfromthosewhocareaboutus.Bycontrast,suppressingouremotionscanactuallyharmourrelationships.3.RespondMindfully___39___Whenyourespondmindfullytoanemotionaltrigger(诱因),youpauseratherthanreacting.Insteadofblamingyourself,yousimplynoticewhatyou’refeelingwithoutjudgingthatresponseasrightorwrong.Studiessuggestthatamindfulresponsetoanegativeeventreducestheamountofnegativeemotionsweexperience.___40___Inevitably,theholidayswillbringamixofhighsandlows.Perhapsthemostimportantlessontokeepinmindisthatthisvarietyofemotionsmightbethebestthingpossibleforyouroverallwell-being.A．Asmilemightseemlikethemostmatureresponse.B．Andmindfulnessisaskillyoucandevelopovertime.C．Sotryingtohidetheirfeelingsseemstoleadtoanoppositeresult.D．Psychologicalresearchsuggestssomeeffectivewaystohelpbeattheholidayblues.E．Instead,ifproperlyunderstood,theycanhelpcontributetoahealthyandhappylife.F．Recently,scientistshavebeenpayingspecialattentiontothebenefitsofmindfulness.G．That’sbecausewefeelworsewhenwetrytocontrolandhideournegativeinnerfeelings.六、完形填空CruzGenet,11,andAnthonySkopick,10,couldn’tagree.Werethebirdsoutontheiceducksorgeese?Therewasonlyonewaytofindout.SoonachillyJanuaryevening,thetwofriendsventured(冒险)ontothe___41___pondneartheirhomesinFrankfort,Illinois,togetabetterlook.Firsttheythrewarockontotheiceto___42___it.CruztoldNBC5Chicago.“Thenwesteppedonit.”___43___theicewouldholdtheirweight,Anthonytookafewsteps.Thenhecrashedthroughthe___44___frozensurface.“Therewasnosound,nocrack.”hetoldNBC5Chicago.“Ijustfellthroughinstantly.”Cruzrushedtohelphis___45___friend.However,thepond___46___himtoo.Cruzmanagedtolifthimselfoutoftheextremelycoldwaterandontoamore___47___section.Hethen___48___workedhiswaytowardAnthony.Buttheicedidn’thold,andhefellinagain.Thistime,hecouldn’tgetout.Theboyswereuptotheirnecksinicywaterandquicklylosingfeelingintheirlimbs.Anychanceoftheirfreeingthemselveswas___49___.Cruzwassurehewasgoingtodie.Anthony’soldersisterhadseentheboysfallthroughtheiceandstarted____50____forhelp.JohnLavin,aneighbordrivingnearbyonhiswaytothegrocerystore,heardher.Hequickly____51____.Seeingtheboys,he____52____anearbybuoy(救生圈),kickedoffhisshoes,andranintothewater.LavinmadehiswaytoCruzandAnthonyandpulledthembacktoland.Theyweretakentothehospital,wheredoctorsdiscoveredthattheirfive-minutestayinthewaterhad____53____theirbodytemperaturenearlytendegrees.Fortunately,theboyshavefully____54____,thoughtheyarestillalittleamazedbytheir____55____neighbor.“Justtothink,”saysCruz,“ifhewerenotthere,Icouldhavedied.”41．A．calm B．frozen C．bitter D．tough42．A．bury B．test C．spread D．dig43．A．Confused B．Amazed C．Convinced D．Annoyed44．A．seemingly B．appropriately C．alternatively D．constantly45．A．optimistic B．hesitant C．panicked D．tolerant46．A．shifted B．swallowed C．struck D．swept47．A．flat B．smooth C．rough D．solid48．A．cautiously B．ultimately C．passively D．greedily49．A．puttingaway B．slippingaway C．takingaway D．breakingaway50．A．waving B．jumping C．screaming D．running51．A．pulledover B．knockedover C．tookover D．lookedover52．A．extended B．grabbed C．polished D．covered53．A．lowered B．affected C．monitored D．examined54．A．relieved B．restricted C．released D．recovered55．A．careless B．worthless C．helpless D．fearless七、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ThreeChineseastronautsaboardtheShenzhou-14mannedspaceshipreturnedtoEarthsafelyonSundayandwereloudlycheeredin___56___(recognize)oftheiroutstandingperformanceandcommitment.Theywerereported___57___(accomplish)many“firsts”duringtheirsix-monthspacestationmission.ThethreeastronautsChenDong,LiuYangandCaiXuzhewereallingoodphysicalcondition,andtheShenzhou-14mannedmissionwas___58___completesuccess,theChinaMannedSpaceAgencyannounced.ThespacecraftwaslaunchedfromtheJiuquanSatelliteLaunchCenteronJune5,since___59___thecrewhavestayedintheTiangongspacestation.___60___(orbit)400kilometersabovetheEarthforseveralmonths,theycompletedmultipletasksduringtheirmission.TheShenzhou-14astronautshelpedaccomplishmany“firsts”inChina’sspacehistory,includingthefirstrendezvousanddockingbetweentwo20-tonne-levelspacecraftandthefirstin-orbittranspositionofaspacestationmodule.Theyarethefirstcrew___61___(enter)thespacestation’stwolabmodules,andtheysetarecordofmakingthreespacewalksonasingleflightmission.“Itisthesuccessinconductingspacewalksbyusinganewhatch(舱门)andanewsmallroboticarmthathasuswalking___62___air,lostinthegloryofthemoment.”LiuYangsaid___63___(excite).Thetrioconductedanin-orbitrotation(对接)withtheShenzhou-15crew,a___64___(history)gatheringthataddedtheworkforceatthein-orbitspacestationtosixforthefirsttime.Previously,there____65____(be)atmostthreeChineseastronautsinspaceatatime.八、其他应用文66．假设你是李华，针对当前学生的近视问题，你代表学生会发出了“保护眼睛”的倡议。内容包括：1.目前学生的近视现状；2.保护眼睛的具体措施；3.呼吁同学们保护眼睛。注意：1.词数应为80字左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.倡议书的开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数；4.参考词汇：myopian.近视short-sightedadj.近视的Dearfellowstudents,_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Students’union九、读后续写67．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。ThanksgivingfortheSoulWorkingasaprimaryteacherinPomptonLakesPrimarySchool,NewJersey,Iparticularlybelievedincultivatingloveinchildrenfromanearlyage.Iwantedchildrentoexperiencethatit’smoreblessedtogivethantoreceive.Iwantedthemtounderstandthatloveofsocietyandloveoflifeisnotjustlipservice;thatpeoplesomehowhavetomakeitcomealive.Ihopedtheycouldexperienceasenseoftheirownpowertomakeadifference.Therewasaruralareanearb