高三上学期英语阅读理解专项练习小卷16

中学英语阅读理解专练小卷（16）JournalismWorkshopLearnprint,radio,television,digitalWashington,D．C．areahighschoolstudentsareinvitedtoapplytotheWashingtonAssociationofBlackJournalists’annualUrbanJournalismWorkshop.WABJhasbeenguidingthenextgenerationofjournalistssince1986throughthisprogramme.UJWwasstartedbylong-timeChicagoTribuneandSt.LouisTimesDispatchreporterGeorgeCurryandformerWashingtonPostreporterAtheliaKnight.Duringtheworkshop,studentslearnthefundamentalsofprint,radio,TVanddigitaljournalism.CurrentandformerprofessionaljournalistsofTheWashingtonPost,NPRandothermediacompaniesvolunteertoteachparticipants.Ascholarshipisofferedforqualifyingseniors.•SessionsareheldforeightcontinuousSaturdaysfrom29Februaryto18April,9am—4pm.•Scholarshipcriteriaincludesanessay,storiesproducedintheworkshop,classattendanceandparticipationinalleightsessions.•Highschoolstudents,allclassifications,inthegreaterD．C．areaareencouragedtoapply.StudentsshouldcontactUJWCoordinatorTrinaWilliamsatujwdc@fordetailsorcheckwiththeirhighschooladvisers.Todownloadanapplication,readmoreaboutavailablescholarshipsorlearnabouttheUrbanJournalismWorkshop,visitwww.ujw,orcontact:UJWCoordinatorTrinaWilliamsatujwdc@.ApplicationsandrequiredmaterialsmustbereceivedbyFriday,29January.278．Whatcanbelearntifthestudentsjointheworkshop?A．ThemanagementoftheUJW.B．Thebasicskillsofdigitaljournalism.C．Theclassificationofelectronicdevices.D．Thequalitiesofenvironmentaljournalists.279．Whichdateissuitableforparticipantstoattendtheworkshop?A．Saturday,10April.B．Wednesday,18March.C．Wednesday,29January.D．Saturday,22February.280．Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A．Sports. B．Education.C．Science. D．Entertainment.Ifyouwanttomakesurethatyouunderstandthisstoryasfullyaspossible,youmightconsiderprintingthearticleandreadingitonpaper.VirginiaClintoncarriedouttheresearchexamination.Clinton’sexaminationfoundthatreadingfrompapergenerallyledtobetterunderstandingandimprovedaperson’sperformanceontestsconnectedtothereadingmaterial.And,shefoundnomajordifferenceinreadingspeedbetweenthetwo.Suchdifferenceswerenotableonlywhenthereadingmaterialwasexpositorytexts—orexplanatoryandbasedonfact.Clintonsaidshefoundnomajordifferencewhenitcametonarrative,fictionaltexts.Clintonalsofoundthatpaperreadersusuallyhaveahigherrecognitionofhowwelltheyhaveunderstoodatextthanscreenreaders.Shesaid,“Wethinkthatwe’vereadingthestoryorthebookbetterthanweactuallyare.Wethinkweunderstandwhatwearereadingbetterthanhowweareactuallyreading.”Yet,thisinflatedsenseofunderstandingisespeciallycommonamongscreenreaders.Clintonsaidtherearemanypossiblereasonsforsuchfindings.Overconfidenceofscreenreaders,forexample,couldbetheresultofadistracted,lessfocusedmind.Clintonsaid,“Ifyouareenjoyingthereadingprocess,you’regoingtobemoreinvolved.You’regoingtobepayingbetterattention.Preferencesareakeyissuehere.”Clintonsaid,“Severalstudieshavefoundthatpeopleoftenthinkofpapermaterialasmoreimportantandserious.Ifyouarereadingfrompaper,yourmindthinks,’Thisissomethingimportant.Ineedtopayattentiontoit’.”Readersmightconnectcomputerscreenswithfun,lessseriousactivitiessuchascheckingsocialmediaorwatchingNetflix.Clintondescribedthiskindofreadingas“enjoymentreading”.Althoughherfindingsmaysupportpaperreadingoverscreenreading,Clintonsays,“Whenyou’rereadingonascreen,itcanbeprogrammedthatyouhavetoanswerquestionsandgetthemrightbeforeyoucancontinue.Papercan’tmakeyoudothat.Othertoolsindevelopmentwillofferstudentsreadingatalowerlevelmoresimpletextswhileprovidingtheirotherclassmatesmorecomplexversionsofthesametext.”281．WhatdidClintonfindinherstudy?A．Paperreaderswerebetteratreadingfictionaltexts.B．Screenreadingresultedinamorefocusedmind.C．Paperreadingwasfoundtobemoreefficient.D．Screenreadingbroughtmoreenjoymentforreaders.282．Paperreadingmaterialisusuallyconsidered.A．moreserious B．moreenjoyableC．tooinformal D．alittlefunny283．WhatdoesClintonthinkistheadvantageofscreenreading?A．Itcanbeprogrammedwithinstantanswers.B．Itprovidespersonalisedreadingmaterial.C．Ithastoolstoforcereaderstocontinuereading.D．Itmakesreadershavemorefuninreading.284．Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A．Screentimemakesreadingmoreeffective.B．Paperreadingismoreeffectivethanscreenreading.C．Screenreadingismoresuitableforsomereaders.D．Screenreadingisimprovingpaperreading.Anewstudyfoundpeoplegrowingupinruralareashavebetternavigation(导航)skillsthanthoseraisedincitiesandthatpeoplewhosehomecitieshavegridlayouts(网格布局)areslightlybetteratnavigatingsimilarlyorganisedstreets,despitehavingpoorerperformanceoverall.Thestudyinvolvednearly4,000,000participantsfrom38countrieswhoplayedSeaHeroQuest(SHQ),agamerequiringthemtonavigateaboatinavirtualenvironmenttofindtheplacesmarkedonamap.Theresearchersfoundthatwherepeoplegrewupinfluencedtheirperformanceinthegame,whiletheirpresentlivingplacedidnotaffecttheirscores.Theresearcherscomparedthehomecitiesoftheparticipantsbyanalysingthe“lack-of-order”stateofthestreetnetworks,tomeasurethecomplexityofthelayouts.Peoplewhosehometown’sstreetlayoutsweremoreorderedlikeNewYorkwereworseatplayingSHQ.ThosefromcitieswithlessorderedstreetlayoutslikePragueperformedonlyslightlyworsethanthosefromruralareas.Totestifpeoplefromcitiescouldmoreeffectivelyfindtherightdirectioninenvironmentssimilartowheretheygrewup,theresearchersdevelopedacity-themedversionofSHQ,calledCHQ,requiringparticipantstodrivedownthestreetsinavirtualenvironmentfromsimplegridstomorewindingstreetlayouts.Peoplegrowingupincitieswithgridlayoutswereslightlybetteratnavigatinginsimilarenvironments,althoughthedifferencewasnotassignificantastheirperformanceinSHQ.TheSHQprojectwasdesignedtoaidAlzheimer’sresearch.ProfessorMichaelHornbergersaid,“Lackofspatial(空间的)navigationisakeyAlzheimer’ssymptomintheearlystagesofthedisease.WeareseekingtousetheknowledgelearnedfromSHQtodevelopbetterdiseasemonitoringtools.”DrSusanKohlhaasalsosaid,“Thankstotheamazingresponse,wehavebeenabletocollectdatafromoverfourmillionplayers.Ifwe’retounderstandAlzheimer’s,it’svitalthatwehaveparticipationfromasmanypeopleaspossiblewithdiversebackgroundsandexperiences.”285．Whatisthefindingofthestudy?A．Streetpatternsingamesarevitaltoone’sperformance.B．Peopleraisedincitieshaveagoodsenseofdirection.C．Growingupinruralareasimprovesnavigationskills.D．One’spresentlivingplaceaffectstheirnavigationskills.286．Whatdidtheparticipantsdointhegame?A．Theydrewtheirownmapsofplacesinavirtualenvironment.B．Theycarriedoutataskoffindingthemarkedplace.C．Theymarkedsomeplacesonamaptonavigateaboat.D．Theyplayedgamesagainsteachothertomarkthemap.287．WhatcanbeinferredaboutSHQfromParagraph3?A．It’sharderthanCHQforthosefromcities.B．ResearchersdevelopeditbasedonCHQ.C．ItevaluatesnavigationskillsbetterthanCHQ.D．PlayersfromNewYorkdidbetterthanthosefromPrague.288．WhydoesDrSusanKohlhaasacknowledgetheproject?A．IthelpsAlzheimer’spatientsplaySHQ.B．Ithelpspeoplegainnavigationskills.C．IthelpsgetabetterknowledgeofAlzheimer’s.D．IthelpsspotAlzheimer’satanearlystage.I’vebeeninterestedinlanguagesforaslongasIcanremember.Mydadwasalanguagegenius.MyfamilytraveledwidelywhenIwasachild,andmydadwouldtalktoeveryonewemetwithease.Hisabilitiesgreatlyimpressedme.IwishedthenthatIwouldsomedaybeabletospeakasmanylanguagesashehadbeenableto.Iwasn’tanaturallanguagelearner.WhenIwas11yearsold,ImadeslowprogresswithFrenchatschoolandalmostgaveitup.AfterIenteredcollege,IreadmanyGermanwritersintranslation.IlovedthemsomuchthatIwantedtoreadthemintheirnativetongue.ThisdesiredrovemetopickupGerman.OnceIhadmasteredGerman,Ifoundmyselfinlovewithlanguages.Sincethen,Ihaveneverstoppedlearningnewlanguages.Bymylatetwenties,IwasabletospeakFrench,LatinandGreek.I’moftenaskedwhatmysecretis.Theansweris,predictably,endlesshoursofreadingandstudying.BeforeIgotmarried,Iwouldspend16hourseverydaystudyinglanguages.Iusedtolikewalkingfastoutdoorswhilelisteningtoarecordingoflanguageandrepeatingitoutloud.Now,Icanreadabout40languagesandspeakmostofthemfluently.Asianlanguagesaremoredifficulttomaster.IttookmealmosttenyearstogetmyKoreanskillsclosetonativelevel.IliveinSingaporenow.Athome,IspeakFrenchwithmysons.IfmyKoreanwifeisthere,we’lluseEnglish.Whenwedon’twantthekidstounderstandourconversations,weuseKorean.I’vestudiedEsperanto(世界语).ThoughIcanseethebenefitsofaworldlanguage,Ithinktheworldwouldbealessinterestingplaceiftherewereonlyonelanguage.Itwouldbelikevisitingagardenwheretherewasonlyonetypeofplant!289．Whenhewasachild,theauthorhadawishtobeableto________.A．travelaswidelyashisfatherhadB．meetaswidelyashisfatherhadC．speakasmanylanguagesashisfatherhadbeenabletoD．learnlanguagesaseasilyashisfatherhadbeenableto290．Accordingtothearticle,whenhewaslearningGreek,theauthor________.A．wasstillateenager B．hadjustenteredcollegeC．was23yearsold D．couldalreadyspeakGermanfluently291．Accordingtothearticle,theauthorlearnsnewlanguagesby________.A．walkingfastoutdoors B．chattingwithnativespeakersC．followingtraditionalmethods D．doinglotsofgrammarexercises292．Bycomparingtheworldtoagardenandlanguagestoplantsinthelastparagraph,theauthormainlywantedtoshowthat________.A．EsperantoisausefulinventionB．thevarietyoflanguagesisnecessaryC．AsianlanguagesaredifficulttomasterD．therearenoshortcutstolearninglanguagesHowgoodareyouatmaths?Somepeoplelovethechallengeofalgebra(代数)orenjoyworkingoutnumberpuzzlessuchasSudoko.Mathsisallaroundus,fromworkingouthowtosplitthebillafterameal,tocalculatingyourhouseholdbills.Butmanydreadthemomentwhentheyhavetodealwithnumbersandfiguresandfeelarealsenseofworryandconfusion.Itcanseemdiscouraging,butthis“mathsanxiety”isperfectlynormal,andyou’redefinitelynotalone.Andanyway,ourworriesandfearsdon’tnecessarilyreflectourability.Theproblemreallystartsinchildhood,atschool.Researchhasfoundthatmathsteacherswhoarenervousaboutteachingthesubjectcanpassontheiranxietytothepupils,andgirlsmaybemorelikelytobeaffected.TheProgrammeforInternationalStudentAssessment(PISA)foundaround31%of15and16-year-oldsacross34countriessaidtheygotverynervousdoingmathsproblems,33%saidtheygottensedoingmathshomework,andnearly60%saidtheyworriedmathsclasseswouldbedifficult.ShulamitKahn,aprofessorfromBostonUniversity’sQuestromSchoolofBusiness,saidshebelievesgivingstudents,particularlygirls,goodrolemodelsis“critical,especiallyatayoungage”.Shethinksthekeyistogetpeople,especiallywomenwholovesmaths,toyoungerchildren.WritingforBBCFuture,DavidRobsonsays“It’snotclearwhymathsarousessomuchfearcomparedtogeography.Butthefactthatthere’sarightorwronganswer—there’snoroomfortricks—mightmakeyoumoreworriedaboutunderperforming.”Andonceweassumewe’renota“mathsperson”,weavoidsolvingthingsthatweprobablycoulddo.Psychologistshavebeentryingtoworkoutwhymentalarithmetic(算术)canbringusoutinasweat.Thatseedoffearmaycomefrommanysources,butsomesuggestthatexpressingyourfearscanloosentheirholdonyou,andencouragechildrentoseeamathstestasachallenge,notathreat.Ideally,weneedtothinkpositivelyaboutmathsandgiveitasecondchance.293．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dread”inParagraph1mean?A．Take. B．Fear. C．Expect. D．Enjoy.294．WhichofthefollowingsisthefindingofPISA?A．Allgirlsthoughtmathsclassesmorechallenging.B．Manypupilshadchancestohavemathsanxiety.C．Someteensfeltstressedindoingmathshomework.D．Fewstudentscouldsolvemathsproblemsconfidently.295．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Itisquiteuncommonforpeopletohavemathsanxiety.B．Expertshaveworkedoutwhatcausedourmathsanxiety.C．Weareunabletosolvemathsproblemsbecausewedonotlikemaths.D．Wekeepawayfrommathsproblemsbecausewedoubtourmathsability.296．Whatadvicemaytheauthoragreewith?A．Speakoutyourmathsanxiety.B．Leavemathshomeworkalone.C．Trytwicemoreinmathstests.D．Turntomathteachersforhelp.答案：278．B279．A280．B【来源】Unit6TheMedia单元能力测试卷2021~2022学年高中英语北师大版选择性必修第二册【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了华盛顿地区的高中生受邀申请到新闻工作室学习印刷，广播，电视和数字新闻的基本原理的活动的相关情况。278．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Duringtheworkshop,studentslearnthefundamentalsofprint,radio,TVanddigitaljournalism.”（在工作坊中，学生学习印刷、广播、电视和数字新闻的基础知识。）可知，学生参加工作坊能学到数字新闻的基本技能。故选B项。279．细节理解题。根据第二段“•SessionsareheldforeightcontinuousSaturdaysfrom29Februaryto18April,9am—4pm.”（会议从2月29日至4月18日连续八个星期六上午9时至下午4时举行。）可知，4月10日，星期六适合参加者参加工作坊。故选A项。280．推理判断题。根据文章大意，第一段中的“Washington,D.C.areahighschoolstudentsareinvitedtoapplytotheWashingtonAssociationofBlackJournalists’annualUrbanJournalismWorkshop.”（华盛顿特区的高中学生被邀请申请参加华盛顿黑人记者协会的年度城市新闻工作坊。）和“Ascholarshipisofferedforqualifyingseniors.(符合条件的高年级学生可获得奖学金)”的内容，因此文章是有关于教育的话题，由此可推出，这篇文章可能出现在报纸的教育板块。故选B项。281．C282．A283．B284．B【来源】Unit6Writingworkshop-Readingclub同步基础能力提升测试-2022-2023学年高中英语北师大版（2019）选择性必修第二册【导语】本文是一篇说明文。电子媒体可以给读者提供个性化的阅读材料，但是，比起在电子设备上阅读纸质材料的阅读更加有效率。281．细节理解题。根据第二段“Clinton’sexaminationfoundthatreadingfrompapergenerallyledtobetterunderstandingandimprovedaperson’sperformanceontestsconnectedtothereadingmaterial.And,shefoundnomajordifferenceinreadingspeedbetweenthetwo.Suchdifferenceswerenotableonlywhenthereadingmaterialwasexpositorytexts—orexplanatoryandbasedonfact.(克林顿的研究发现，从纸上阅读通常会让人更好地理解，并提高一个人在与阅读材料相关的测试中的表现。而且，她发现两者在阅读速度上没有太大差异。只有当阅读材料是说明性的，或者是基于事实的解释性文本时，这种差异才会显著)”可知，Clinton在她的研究中发现，通过阅读纸质书，读者会对内容有更好的理解，可以提高在与所读材料相关的测试中的表现等，故选C。282．细节理解题。根据第五段“Severalstudieshavefoundthatpeopleoftenthinkofpapermaterialasmoreimportantandserious.(几项研究发现，人们通常认为纸质材料更重要、更严肃)”可知，人们常常认为纸质材料比较重要或者更严肃，故选A。283．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Althoughherfindingsmaysupportpaperreadingoverscreenreading,Clintonsays,“Whenyou’rereadingonascreen,itcanbeprogrammedthatyouhavetoanswerquestionsandgetthemrightbeforeyoucancontinue.Papercan’tmakeyoudothat.Othertoolsindevelopmentwillofferstudentsreadingatalowerlevelmoresimpletextswhileprovidingtheirotherclassmatesmorecomplexversionsofthesametext.”(虽然她的研究结果可能支持纸质阅读胜过屏幕阅读，但克林顿说：“当你在屏幕上阅读时，你可能被设定为必须回答问题，并把问题弄好，然后才能继续阅读。纸质阅读不能让你这么做。正在开发的其他工具将为阅读较低水平的学生提供更简单的文本，同时为其他同学提供同一文本的更复杂版本。)”可知，电子媒体可以给读者提供个性化的阅读材料，而纸质书无法做到这一点，故选B。284．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Clinton’sexaminationfoundthatreadingfrompapergenerallyledtobetterunderstandingandimprovedaperson’sperformanceontestsconnectedtothereadingmaterial.(克林顿的研究发现，从纸上阅读通常会让人更好地理解，并提高一个人在与阅读材料相关的测试中的表现)”结合本文主要介绍了纸质材料的阅读比电子媒体屏幕阅读更有效率，更能加深阅读者的理解，因此B项“纸质阅读比屏幕阅读更有效”能概括文章的主旨。故选B。285．C286．B287．A288．C【来源】重庆市西北狼教育联盟2023-2024学年高三上学期开学考试英语试题【导语】本文是一篇说明文。一项新的研究发现，在乡村长大的人比在城市长大的人有更好的空间导航能力，而尽管在城市长大的人空间导航能力总体上略差，但如果他们的城市是网格布局，他们在类似有序的街道中导航能力会相对有所改善。【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Anewstudyfoundpeoplegrowingupinruralareashavebetternavigation(导航)skillsthanthoseraisedincities(一项新的研究发现，在农村长大的人比在城市长大的人拥有更好的航海技能)”可知，在乡村长大会提高人的空间导航能力。故选C。2.细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Thestudyinvolvednearly4,000,000participantsfrom38countrieswhoplayedSeaHeroQuest(SHQ),agamerequiringthemtonavigateaboatinavirtualenvironmenttofindtheplacesmarkedonamap.(这项研究调查了来自38个国家的近400万参与者，他们参与了“海上英雄任务”（SeaHeroQuest，SHQ）的游戏，该游戏要求他们在虚拟环境中驾驶船只，找到地图上标记的地点。)”可知，参与者要完成找到地图标记地点的任务。故选B。3.推理判断题。根据第三段中“Peoplewhosehometown’sstreetlayoutsweremoreorderedlikeNewYorkwereworseatplayingSHQ.ThosefromcitieswithlessorderedstreetlayoutslikePragueperformedonlyslightlyworsethanthosefromruralareas.Totestifpeoplefromcitiescouldmoreeffectivelyfindtherightdirectioninenvironmentssimilartowheretheygrewup,theresearchersdevelopedacity-themedversionofSHQ,calledCHQ,requiringparticipantstodrivedownthestreetsinavirtualenvironmentfromsimplegridstomorewindingstreetlayouts.(那些家乡的街道布局更有序的人们，比如纽约，在玩SHQ的时候表现得更差。那些来自布拉格这样街道布局不那么井然有序的城市的人的表现只比来自农村地区的人稍差一点。为了测试来自城市的人们是否能够更有效地在与他们成长环境相似的环境中找到正确的方向，研究人员开发了一个城市主题版本的SHQ，称为CHQ，要求参与者在一个虚拟环境中驾车行驶，从简单的网格到更加曲折的街道布局。)”可知，出生在属于网络布局城市的人玩CHQ时有可能表现略好于其他参与者，但在玩SHQ时表现最差。由此可知相比于CHQ，SHQ对来自城市的人来说更难。故选A。4.推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Thankstotheamazingresponse,wehavebeenabletocollectdatafromoverfourmillionplayers.Ifwe’retounderstandAlzheimer’s,it’svitalthatwehaveparticipationfromasmanypeopleaspossiblewithdiversebackgroundsandexperiences(由于这些惊人的反应，我们已经能够从超过400万玩家那里收集数据。如果我们要了解阿尔茨海默氏症，我们就必须让尽可能多的具有不同背景和经历的人参与进来)”可知，DrSusanKohlhaas认可SHQ项目是因为它提供了大量的数据，能帮助研究者更好地了解阿尔茨海默病。故选C。289．C290．D291．C292．B【来源】甘肃省民勤县第一中学2023-2024学年高一上学期入学考试英语试题（含听力）【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者学习语言的经历，他认为语言学习给他带来了快乐的体验，也增加了他的信心。289．细节理解题。根据第一段“IwishedthenthatIwouldsomedaybeabletospeakasmanylanguagesashehadbeenableto.(我当时希望有一天我能像他那样会说多种语言)”可知，作者希望有一天他能像父亲一样说多种语言。故选C。290．推理判断题。根据第二段“OnceIhadmasteredGerman,Ifoundmyselfinlovewithlanguages.Sincethen,Ihaveneverstoppedlearningnewlanguages.Bymylatetwenties,IwasabletospeakFrench,LatinandGreek.(一旦我掌握了德语，我发现自己爱上了语言。从那以后，我从未停止过学习新的语言。快30岁的时候，我已经会说法语、拉丁语和希腊语了。)”可知，作者是在会德语之后再学会希腊语的，可知，当作者在学习希腊语的时候他就能说流利的德语了。故选D。291．推