每日一句2016考研英语第一百八十八

今天经济学人的封面文章是关于唐纳德·特朗普，2016大选共和党的总统候选人之一。曾City,NY(26层楼的饭店，在中央车站旁，也是特朗普经手的第一个主要计划）。美国非新调查中，喜欢特朗普的人数比例突然飙升至61%，不喜欢他的比例下降至35%。；WhenMrTrumpfirstannouncedthathewasrunningforpresident,hewasdismissedasajoke.Americansarewakinguptothepossibilitythatamanwhosehobbyisnamingthingsafterhimselfmight—conceivably—bethenomineeofthepartyofLincolnandReagan.Ononedomesticissue,tobefair,hehasstakedoutaclear,boldpositionHewoulddeportall11mimmigrantscurrentlythoughttobeinAmericaillegally.HewouldalsoroundupandexpeltheirchildrenwhowerebornonAmericansoilandarethereforeAmericancitizens.Thatthiswouldbeillegaldoesnotbotherhim.Hisapproachtoforeignaffairsisequallycrude.RepublicansshouldlistencarefullytoMrTrump,andvoteforsomeoneelse.WhenMrTrumpfirstannouncedthathewasrunningforpresident,hewasdismissedasajoke.AmericansarewakinguptothepossibilitythatamanwhosehobbyisnamingthingsafterhimselfmightconceivablybethenomineeofthepartyofLincolnandReagan.Ononedomesticissue,tobefair,hehasstakedoutaclear,boldpositionHewoulddeportall11mimmigrantscurrentlythoughttobeinAmericaillegally.HewouldalsoroundupandexpeltheirchildrenwhowerebornonAmericansoilandarethereforeAmericancitizensThatthiswouldbeillegaldoesnotbotherhim.Hisapproachtoforeignaffairsisequallycrude.RepublicansshouldlistencarefullytoMrTrump,andvoteforsomeoneelse.（郭郭友情复制）WhenMrTrumpfirstannouncedthathewasrunningforpresident,hewas析：1.bedismissedas被当做是Americansarewakinguptothepossibilitythatamanwhosehobbyisnamingthingsafterhimselfmight—conceivably—bethenomineeofthepartyofLincolnandReagan.解析：1.Conceivably强调这种可能性（有可能地，可以相信地）2.whosehobbyisnamingthings3thepartyofLincolnandReagan4arewakinguptoOnonedomesticissue,tobefair,hehasstakedoutaclear,boldposition解析：HewouldalsoroundupandexpeltheirchildrenwhowerebornonAmericansoilandarethereforeAmericancitizens.他也会围捕并且驱逐他们的孩子出境，这些孩子Thatthiswouldbeillegaldoesnotbotherhim.虽然这样做是违法的，但一点都没有Hisapproachtoforeignaffairsisequallycrude.他解决国外事务的方法同样是很粗（crudeRepublicansshouldlistencarefullytoMrTrump,andvoteforsomeoneelse.共和党人应该珍惜听川普先生的，但是该投其他人的票。.)marketupdate—thelastbeforetheFederalReserve’smeetingonSeptember17th—didnotprovidemuchclarityaboutthechanceofanimminentriseininterestrates.Formonths,Fedofficialshaveemphasizedthattheirdecisiononwhentoraiserateswilldependonthedata.Butwithnofurthermajordatareleasesbeforethemeeting,theoutcomeremainsacliffhanger.marketupdate—thelastbeforetheFederalReserve’smeetingonSeptember17th—didnotprovidemuchclarityaboutthechanceofanimminentriseininterestrates.Formonths,Fedofficialshaveemphasizedthattheirdecisiononwhentoraiserateswilldependonthedata.Butwithnofurthermajordatareleasesbeforethemeeting,theoutcomeremainsacliffhanger.THOSEhopingforanendtothesuspensewillbe主干：Thosewillbedisappointed.定语：hopingforanendtotheAmerica’slabourmarketupdate—thelastbeforetheFederalReserve’smeetingonSeptember17th—didnotprovidemuchclarityaboutthechanceofanimminentriseininterestrates.Imminent立即的，迫切的，危急的主干：America’slabourmarketupdatedidnotprovidemuchclarityaboutthechanceofanimminentriseininterestrates.Formonths,Fedofficialshaveemphasizedthattheirdecisiononwhentoraiserateswilldependonthedata.Butwithnofurthermajordatareleasesbeforethemeeting,theoutcomeremainsacliffhanger.CommonCoreallowspupilsindifferentstatestobemeasuredagainsteachother.UntilNoChildLeftBehind,aneducationactsignedbyGeorgeW.Bushthatrequiredstatestotestpupilsannually,only19didso.Nowtheyallmust.CommonCoreisalsobeingsqueezedfromtheleft,whereitisseenaspartofatesting.TheDemocraticPartyinWashingtonstatehascondemnedCommonCore,andRandiWeingarten,headofthesecond-biggestteachers’union,hassaidthestandardsmustbe“guides,notstraitjackets.”Betweenthesetwoideologicalpoles,itisawonderAmericacanimproveitspublicschoolsatall.Inthisworldofchangeandcomplexity,theneedforinformationisofgreatestimportance.Thosepeoplewhohaveaccurate,reliableup-to-dateinformationtosolvetheday-to-dayproblems,thecriticalproblemsoftheirbusiness,socialandfamilylife,willsurviveandsucceed."Knowledgeispower"maywellbethetruestsayingandaccesstoinformationmaybethemostcriticalrequirementofallpeople.Wecanlearnfromthelastparagraph itisnecessarytoobtainasmuchknowledgeaspeopleshouldmakethebestuseoftheinformationweshouldrealizetheimportanceofaccumulatingitisofvitalimportancetoacquireneededinformationCommonCoreallowspupilsindifferentstatestobemeasuredagainsteachother.UntilNoChildLeftBehind,aneducationactsignedbyGeorgeW.Bushthatrequiredstatestotestpupilsannually,only19didso.Nowtheyallmust.CommonCoreisalsobeingsqueezedfromtheleft,whereitisseenaspartofatesting.TheDemocraticPartyinWashingtonstatehascondemnedCommonCore,andRandiWeingarten,headofthesecond-biggestteachers’union,hassaidthestandardsmustbeguides,notstraitjackets.”Betweenthesetwoideologicalpoles,itisawonderAmericacanimproveitspublicschoolsatall.CommonCoreallowspupilsindifferentstatestobemeasuredagainsteachUntilNoChildLeftBehind,aneducationactsignedbyGeorgeW.Bushthatrequiredstatestotestpupilsannually,only19didso.Nowtheyallmust.GeorgeW.BushUntilNoChildLeftBehind的教育法案，才有19个州这样做。而现在所有的州都必须参加评估和排名了。Commoncore推出之后一直是受到争议的，而现在不管是左派（民主党）还是右派（共CommonCoreisalsobeingsqueezedfromtheleft,/whereitisseenaspartofaconservativedrivetoundermineteachersandtheirunionsbycontinuous,unfair,testing.CommonCore也受到了来自左派的挤压。在左派看来，这个计划是保守派人士企图用持TheDemocraticPartyinWashingtonstatehascondemnedCommonCore,andRandiWeingarten,headofthesecond-biggestteachers’union,hassaidthestandardsmustbe“guides,notstraitjackets.”Betweenthesetwoideologicalpoles,itisawonder/Americacanimproveitspublicschoolsatall.Inthisworldofchangeandcomplexity,theneedforinformationisofgreatestimportance.Thosepeoplewhohaveaccurate,reliableup-to-dateinformationtosolvetheday-to-dayproblems,thecriticalproblemsoftheirbusiness,socialandfamilylife,willsurviveandsucceed."Knowledgeispower"maywellbethetruestsayingandaccesstoinformationmaybethemostcriticalrequirementofallpeople.Wecanlearnfromthelastparagraph itisnecessarytoobtainasmuchknowledgeaspeopleshouldmakethebestuseoftheinformationweshouldrealizetheimportanceofaccumulatingitisofvitalimportancetoacquireneededinformation选项分析：[A]itisnecessarytoobtainasmuchknowledgeaspossible[C]weshouldrealizetheimportanceofaccumulating[B]peopleshouldmakethebestuseoftheinformation[D]itisofvitalimportancetoacquireneededinformationSocial-mediafirmsareinvestigatingwhethertheycantapthemicrotransactionsmarket—say,byofferingvirtualcurrenciesorgoodsthatuserscanuseasbarter—thoughforcedpartnershipswithlocaltelecomsfirmsthreatentheprofitabilityofsuchschemes.词汇突破：tapmicrotransactions微交易profitability收益性schemes主干识别：Social-mediafirmsareinvestigatingwhether+宾语从句byofferingvirtualcurrenciesorgoodsthatuserscanuseasbarter状语从句:thoughforcedpartnershipswithlocaltelecomsfirmsthreatentheprofitabilityofsuchschemes微观分析：byofferingvirtualcurrenciesorgoodsthatuserscanuseasbarterthatuserscanuseasbarter定语从句修饰goods这里是通过语义判断出不修饰currencies的。IntheearlyindustrializedcountriesofEuropetheprocessofindustrialization-withallthefar-reachingchangesinsocialpatternsthatfollowed-wasspreadovernearlyacentury,whereasnowadaysadevelopingnationmayundergothesameprocessinadecadeorso.theprocessofindustrializationwasspreadovernearlyaadevelopingnationmayundergothesameprocessinadecadeorIntheearlyindustrializedcountriesofEuropewithallthefar-reachingchangesinsocialpatternsthatfollowed状语翻译点拨：词汇处理：industrializedcountriestheprocessofindustrializationwiththatfollowed随……far-reachingchangessocialpatternsspreadovernearlyacentury大约(将近、几乎)一个世纪adevelopingnation一个发展中国家undergo经历inadecadeorso10whereas结构变革持续了大约一个世纪，而如今一个发展中国家在10年左右的（说明，表明）、validate（证明，证实）、contend（坚持说）、pointout（指出）、assbputit（）、beconvincedthat（相信，确信）、（接受）、acquire（获得、获取）、add（补充，说明）account（WhileinAmericathetrend(downshifting)startedasareactiontotheeconomicdecline—afterthemassredundanciescausedbydownsizinginthelate'80s—andisstilllinkedtothepoliticsofthrift,inBritain,atleastamongthemiddleclassdownshiftersofmyacquaintance,wehavedifferentreasonsforseekingtosimplifyourlives.Accordingtothepassage,downshiftingemergedintheUSasaresult.thequickpaceofmodernman'sadventurousman'ssearchformythicaltheeconomic“电车难题”(Trolleyproblem)也叫(trolleyology)是伦理学领域最为知名的思想实验之VersionYouarewatchingatrolleyspeedingdownatrackthatwillkillfiveunsuspectingpeople.Thereisaswitchthatwoulddivertthetrolleyontoanothertrackwhereitwillkillonlyoneperson.Wouldyouthrowthisswitch?VersionAlterthescenarioabit.Thereisnoswitch.Butyoucanpushafatmanoverthebridgeontothetrackstosavethefive.(Youcannotstopthetrolleybyjumpingyourself,onlythefatmanisheavyenough.)Wouldyoudoit?Thephysicalandemotionaldistancefromthekillingmakesthrowingtheswitchmuchmorepopularthanthrowingtheman.毕竟：MostpeoplequailattheideaofshovingthemantohisWhenmoraldilemmasareposedinaforeignlanguage,peoplebecomemorecoollyutilitarian;Specifically,whenpeopleareaskedthefatmanquestioninaforeignlanguage,theyaremorelikelytokillhimforothers’sake.MeetingsofinternationalorganisationsliketheUnitedNationsortheEuropeanUnionareoftenconductedinlanguagesthatarenotthepreferredonesofmostofthoseattending.Perhapsitisreassuringtothinktheymaybemorecoollyrationalthanmeetingsofmonoglots—unless,thatis,youarethemetaphoricalfatmanabouttopushedunderatrain.你就会被推下去，你就不会觉得安慰了啊。所以用了unless.)（thatis没有实际意义，就是一种习惯用法，相当于说话时候的，额，额...GainedinAccordingtothepassage,downshiftingemergedintheUSasaresult.thequickpaceofmodernman'sadventurousman'ssearchformythicaltheeconomicdownshiftingemergedthetrendstarted，文中thetrenddownshifting;startedemergedintheUS,继续缩小定位范围。选项分析：定位精确之后就比较容易的可以根据原文中的：theeconomicdecline确定答项，C可以是英国人过这样生活的原因Plentyofretiredofficersarguethatbusinesspeoplehavemuchtolearnfromthearmedservices.Forexample,businesstheoristsincreasinglyemphasizestheimportanceofcorporateculture,yetmanynewbusinessesdoadismaljobofnurturingit.Themilitaryservices,bycontrast,havebeenadeptatpreservingtheircultureatatimeofsocialturmoil.Granted,theyhavesometimesbeenslowtochange.Americaonlyliftedthebanonopenlygaytroopsin2011,andonwomenincombatlastmonth.Butstill,armiesaremuchbetterthanotherinstitutionsatbuildingalifelongespritdecorps.Militarymottoesmakestrongmencry:(“Thefew,theproud”;“Whodareswins”).MostcorporatemissionstatementsmakedeskwarriorscringewithThatemergingbusinessesattachlessattentiontonurturingcultureismentionedtoshowtheimportanceofcorporatecultureinthetimesofturbulentshowdifferencebetweentheoristsandthenewshowprivatesectorsshouldtakeapagefrommilitaryshowmilitarymottoesalsomakewarriors这周经济学人的一篇文章谈到了：HowaNewJerseytrafficjamhelpedtoppletheheadofanairline一次新泽西的堵车是如何让航空公司的老总辞职的。这篇文章给我提Theresignationsdonotmeancriminalchargesarelooming—Unitedsaidtheywereconnectedtoaninternalinquiry—butitdoesmeanapossibilityforafreshstartforUnited.Plentyofretiredofficersarguethatbusinesspeoplehavemuchtolearnfromthearmedservices.Forexample,businesstheoristsincreasinglyemphasizestheimportanceofcorporateculture,yetmanynewbusinessesdoadismaljobofnurturingit.Thatemergingbusinessesattachlessattentiontonurturingcultureismentionedtoshowtheimportanceofcorporatecultureinthetimesofturbulentshowdifferencebetweentheoristsandthenewshowprivatesectorsshouldtakeapagefrommilitaryshowmilitarymottoesalsomakewarriorsbusinesspeople=privatesectortakeapagefrom=learnmilitarycat