新高考英语二轮复习课时练高考题型组合练第3组组合练(七)阅读理解主题练阅读理解＋阅读七选五 (含解析)

第三组人与社会(二)——历史、社会与文化常见话题词汇：official，religious，moral，advocate，nationwide，administration，authority，rejection，rumor，spread，greeting，noble，pardon，departure，embarrassing，forbid，gossip，custom，reasonable，introduction，private，regard，acknowledge，aggressive，assistance，caution，preparation，accommodation，aeroplane，excuse，communicate，departure，civilization，agent，alternative，reputation，participate，festival，baggage，book，conductor，destination，insurance，guidance，firecracker，lantern，decorate，feast，gather，adventure，amusement，ceremony组合练(七)阅读理解主题练阅读理解＋阅读七选五Ⅰ.阅读理解AThe14thNationalGamesheldinXi’anhastriggeredgreatinterest—notonlyinsportsandfitness，butalsointhehostcityitself.IfyouareplanningatourofXi’antakinglessthan3days，you’llwanttohitallthefollowinghighlights.TheTerracottaArmyTheTerracottaArmyisnotjustChina’spremierhistoricalattractionbutoneofthegreatestdiscoveriesofthe20thcentury，whichwasconstructedbyChina’sfirstemperorQinShiHuangoftheQinDynasty(221BCE－207BCE)．Itisacollectionofthousandsoflife-sizeterracottasoldiers，horses，andchariots(战车)inbattleformation，showingtheemperor’sarmiesinfullsplendor.AncientCityWallXi’anCityWallwasbuiltinthe14thcenturybyZhuYuanzhang，thefirstemperoroftheMingDynasty(1368－1644)asamilitarydefensesystem.Nowitisoneoftheoldestandbest-preservedChinesecitywalls.Thewallisnowalandmark，dividingthecityintoinnerandouterareas.GiantWildGoosePagodaOneofChina’smostfamousBuddhistpagodas，theGiantWildGoosePagoda，wasbuiltintheTangDynasty(618－907)forthestudyofBuddhistscriptures.Oneofthemainfunctionsofthepagodawastostoresutras(经文)broughttoChinafromIndiabythefamousmonkandtravelerXuanZang.Itwasbuiltwithlayersofbricksandhasagrandstructureandappearance.ItisexemplaryoftraditionalChinesearchitecture.ShaanxiHistoryMuseumTheShaanxiHistoryMuseumishometoover370,000preciousrelicsunearthedinShaanxiovertheyears.Itscollectionsrangefrombronzewarestopotteryfigures，goldandsilverwaresandwallpaintingsfromtheTangDynasty(618－907)tombs.Amongitspreciouscollections,18pieceshavebeenlistedasnationaltreasures.eq\x(语篇解读本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个位于西安，具有历史和文化价值的景点。)1．Whichofthefollowinghasthelongesthistory?A．TheTerracottaArmy.B．AncientCityWall.C．GiantWildGoosePagoda.D．ShaanxiHistoryMuseum.答案A解析细节理解题。根据TheTerracottaArmy部分中“whichwasconstructedby...(221BCE－207BCE)”；AncientCityWall部分中“wasbuiltinthe14thcentury”；GiantWildGoosePagoda部分中“wasbuiltintheTangDynasty(618－907)”以及常识可知，建于秦朝的兵马俑具有最长的历史。故选A。2．WhatcanvisitorsseeinShaanxiHistoryMuseum?A．ChariotsdiscoveredinXi’an.B．SutrasbroughtfromIndiatoChina.C．RelicsunearthedinShaanxi.D．WallpaintingsfromtheQingDynastytombs.答案C解析细节理解题。根据ShaanxiHistoryMuseum部分中“TheShaanxiHistoryMuseumishometoover370,000preciousrelicsunearthedinShaanxiovertheyears.”可知，游客在陕西博物馆可以看到陕西出土的文物。故选C。3．Whatdothefourattractionshaveincommon?A．Theyholdcollectionsofantiques.B．Theyareofhistoricalandculturalvalue.C．TheyrepresentthemodernspiritofXi’an.D．TheyareexamplesoftraditionalChinesearchitecture.答案B解析细节理解题。通读全文并结合常识可知，这四个景点的建造时代和文化内涵不同，但它们都具有极高的历史和文化价值。故选B。BAhungrybadger(獾)searchingforfoodseemstohaveuncoveredwhatturnedouttobehundredsofRomancoinsinaSpanishcave，accordingtoanewstudy.Archaeologists(考古学家)firstdiscoveredseveralcoinslayingonthegroundattheentrancetoasmallcaveinthewoodlandsoutsideGradoinnorthernSpaininApril2021.Theresearcherssuspectthatthecoinswereunearthedbyabadgerfromanearbyden(兽窝)afteraheavysnowwhichmadeitharderforanimalstofindfood.Thehungrybadgerprobablygotintothecavelookingforfoodbutcameacrossthecoinsinstead.Afterfullyexploringthecave，researcherscollected209coinsdatingtobetweenthethirdandfifthcenturiesCE.“Todate，thisisthelargestamountofRomancoinsfoundinacaveinnorthernSpain，”theresearcherswroteintheirpaper.Theydescribedthediscoveryasan“exceptionalfind”．Inthelate1930s，acollectionof14goldRomancoins，knownastheChapipitreasure，wasalsofoundinthesamewoodlands.Theresearchersbelievethatlocalpeoplemayhaveburiedtheircoinstokeepthemsafeduringaperiodofintensepoliticalinstabilityintheregion.Themostrecentcoininthenewly-discoveredGradocollectiondatestoCE430，whichwasaftertheSuebi—agroupofGermanicpeopleoriginallyfrommodern-dayGermanyandtheCzechRepublic—pushedtheRomansoutofSpaininCE409，accordingtoElPais.Theresearcherssuspectthatthenewly-discoveredcoinsarepartofavastertreasureandwillreturntothecaveforfurtherexplorationtolookformorecoinsandevidencethatthecavemayalsohavebeenthehomeofdisplacedRomanpeople.“Wewanttoknowifitwasaone-offhidingplace，oriftherewasagroupofhumanslivingthere，”leadresearcherAlfonsoFanjulPerazatoldElPais.语篇解读本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了考古学家们在西班牙的一处洞穴内发现了迄今为止数量最大的罗马硬币，这有可能是被一只觅食的獾首先发掘的。接下来，他们将返回洞穴进行进一步的探索，希望有更多有价值的考古发现。4．Wheredidtheresearchersfindthefirstfewcoinsin2021?A．NearaSpanishcave.B．OnaSpanishplayground.C．Attheentrancetoawoodland.D．Inabadger’sden.答案A解析细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，2021年考古学家在西班牙境内的一个洞穴附近发现了几枚硬币。故选A。5．Whatdotheresearchersthinkofthediscoveryin2021?A．It’sdangerous. B．It’stimely.C．It’smeaningless. D．It’sunusual.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，研究人员认为这个发现是不寻常的。故选D。6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“them”refertoinparagraph4?A．TheRomans.B．Thecoins.C．Thewoodlands.D．Theresearchers.答案B解析代词指代题。根据第四段画线词所在句可知，当地人埋藏硬币是为了使硬币更安全，所以them指代句中的theircoins。故选B。7．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．Moreinformationmayberevealedbythecoins.B．TheancientRomanpeoplehadauniquelifestyle.C．Theresearchersdoubttheformerguessofthecoins.D．TheresearcherswillreturnthecoinstotheRomanpeople.答案A解析推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，这一段介绍了研究人员的推测和继续研究的计划，结合AlfonsoFanjulPeraza的话可知，此次发现的硬币可能会带来更多的信息。故选A。C(2022·河南濮阳一模)Foryoungpeoplewithautism(自闭症)，growingintoadulthoodcanhaveitsownchallenges.Butstudentsatthenon-profiteducationalprogramExceptionalMindsprovethatautismcanalsomeanspecialtalents.MadelinePettiisanexampleofhowExceptionalMindshelpsstudentswithautismseekandreachtheirfullpotential.“IwanttheworldtoknowthatIlikedesigningthingsandExceptionalMindsisagreatplaceforme.”Madelineispartofanewwaveofdigitaleffectsartists.Sheisayoung，talentedstudentwhohasautism.SheislearningallabouttheentertainmentindustrywithExceptionalMinds,whichprovidesvocational(职业的)trainingforyoungadultswithautism.Madelinehasplayedvideogamessincethe4thgrade.Shehasalsoalwayslovedwatchinganimated(动画的)shows.Butshesaidshehadatorturoustimelearningintraditionalsettings.“IgetboredeasilywhenI’mjustsittingthereandpeoplearetalkingaroundme.I’mnotreallypersonallydevotedtothematerial.Whenyouarenotpersonallydevoted，youhavetoforceyourselftostayinthemomentandpayattention.Ifyoudon’thavethemotivationtoforceyourself，youareprettymuchgoingoffintoyourpersonalLaLaLand.”ExceptionalMindsprovidedtherightkindoflearningenvironmentforMadeline.Moreaction，lesstalking.Shesaid，“Ilikecomingherebecauseit’ssohands-on.Wegetshownexamplesorwewillfollowalongwiththedirections.Iguesswearedoingmore.”ErnieMerlanisanEMprogramdirector.Hesaid，“Theheartofourprogramisafull-timethree-yearvocationalprogramspecificallyfortheentertainmentindustry.Theprogramteachesthestudentsnotonlythetechnicalskillstheyneedbuttheworkreadinessskillstheyneedinordertogetajob.Sowefocusonhowtheylookandwhattheirattitudeis，andthenworkplaceconflictwhichweallhave.”语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章通过自闭症患者Madeline在非营利的教育项目ExceptionalMinds的学习情况及该项目的员工所说的话来介绍这一项目的教学方法和工作宗旨。8．WhatcanbeknownaboutMadelinePetti?A．Shesuffersfromgameaddiction.B．Shehasatalentfordigitaleffects.C．Sheisworkinginalocalindustry.D．Shedislikesdesigningthingsnow.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Madelineispartofanewwaveofdigitaleffectsartists.Sheisayoung，talentedstudentwhohasautism.”可知，MadelinePetti在数字特效方面是有天赋的。故选B。9．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“torturous”inparagraph3probablymean?A．Hard. B．Normal.C．Long. D．Devoted.答案A解析词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“IgetboredeasilywhenI’mjustsittingthereandpeoplearetalkingaroundme.”可知，Madeline对于周围的谈论声容易感到厌烦，而传统的学习环境就是这样的，可推断对于Madeline而言，在传统环境中学习是艰难的，所以画线词的意思与hard“艰难的，煎熬的”最为接近。故选A。10．HowisExceptionalMindsdifferentfromtraditionalprograms?A．Itisaboutentertainment.B．Itfocusesmoreonaction.C．Itisdesignedforchildren.D．Itisaimedatactivetalks.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第四段第一、二句可知，ExceptionalMinds与传统项目的不同之处在于它更注重行动而非言语。故选B。11．WhyareErnieMerlan’swordsmentioned?A．Toshowthebenefitsofhisjob.B．Totelltheprogram’schallenges.C．Tofurtherintroducetheprogram.D．Tostresstheinfluenceofattitude.答案C解析推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，ErnieMerlan介绍了ExceptionalMinds项目的核心宗旨，由此可推断，提及他的话是为了进一步介绍这个项目。故选C。D(2022·河南中原名校联盟联考)IfyouaskpeopletonametheonepersonwhohadthegreatesteffectontheEnglishlanguage，youwillgetanswerslike“Shakespeare”，“SamuelJohnson”，and“Webster”，butnoneofthesemenhadanyeffectatallcomparedtoamanwhodidn’tevenspeakEnglish—WilliamtheConqueror.Before1066，inthelandwenowcallGreatBritainlivedpeoplesbelongingtotwomajorlanguagegroups.InthewestcentralregionlivedtheWelsh，whospokeaCelticlanguage，andinthenorthlivedtheScots，whoselanguage，thoughnotthesameasWelsh，wasalsoCeltic.IntherestofthecountrylivedtheSaxons，actuallyamixtureofAnglos，Saxons，andotherGermanicandNordicpeoples，whospokewhatwenowcallAnglo-Saxon(orOldEnglish)，aGermaniclanguage.Ifthisstateofaffairshadlasted，EnglishtodaywouldbeclosetoGerman.Butthisstateofaffairsdidnotlast.In1066theNormansledbyWilliamdefeatedtheSaxonsandbegantheirruleoverEngland.Foraboutacentury，FrenchbecametheofficiallanguageofEnglandwhileOldEnglishbecamethelanguageofpeasants.Asaresult，EnglishwordsofpoliticsandthelawcomefromFrenchratherthanGerman.Insomecases，modernEnglishevenshowsadistinction(区别)betweenupper-classFrenchandlower-classAnglo-Saxoninitswords.Theyevenhavedifferentwordsforsomefoods，meatinparticular，dependingonwhetheritisstilloutinthefieldsorathomereadytobecooked，whichshowsthefactthattheSaxonpeasantsweredoingthefarming，whiletheupper-classNormansweredoingmostoftheeating.WhenAmericansvisitEuropeforthefirsttime，theyusuallyfindGermanymore“foreign”thanFrancebecausetheGermantheyseeonsignsandadvertisementsseemsmuchmoredifferentfromEnglishthanFrenchdoes.FewrealizethattheEnglishlanguageisactuallyGermanicinitsbeginningandthattheFrenchinfluencesarealltheresultofoneman’sambition.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。没有人对英语的影响力能够超过征服者威廉。由于威廉的雄心，使得法语成为对英语影响最深的语言。12．ThetwomajorlanguagesspokeninwhatisnowcalledGreatBritainbefore1066were.A．WelshandScottishB．NordicandGermanicC．CelticandOldEnglishD．Anglo-SaxonandGermanic答案C解析细节理解题。根据第二段第二、三句可知，1066年以前，大不列颠的两大语言分支为凯尔特语和古英语。故选C。13．Whichofthefollowinggroupsofwordsare，byinference，rootedinFrench?A．President，lawyer，beef.B．President，bread，water.C．Bread，field，sheep.D．Folk，field，cow.答案A解析推理判断题。根据第三段第四句和最后一句可知，英语中有关政治、法律以及在家中烹饪的食物(尤其是肉类)的单词最可能来源于法语。故选A。14．WhydoesFranceappearlessforeignthanGermanytoAmericansontheirfirstvisittoEurope?A．MostadvertisementsinFranceappearinEnglish.B．TheyknowlittleofthehistoryoftheEnglishlanguage.C．ManyFrenchwordsaresimilartoEnglishones.D．TheyknowFrenchbetterthanGerman.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第四段第一句可知，标语和广告上的许多法语词汇和英语很像，所以对第一次到欧洲的美国人来说，法国不像德国那么陌生。故选C。15．Whatisthesubjectdiscussedinthetext?A．ThehistoryofGreatBritain.B．ThesimilaritybetweenEnglishandFrench.C．TheruleofEnglandbyWilliamtheConqueror.D．TheFrenchinfluencesontheEnglishlanguage.答案D解析主旨大意题。文章开篇即抛出问题：谁对英语的影响最大，接着给出答案：征服者威廉。可见文章即将讨论的问题就是他对英语的影响。接下来，作者介绍了1066年以前的英国语言由两大派系组成，而之后由于威廉的雄心，使得法语成为对英语影响颇深的语言。故选D。Ⅱ.阅读七选五Teaiscurrentlytheworld’smostpopulardrink，onlyafterwater.However，therewasatimewhenteawasknownonlytotheChinese.1Andhowdiditgettoconquertheworldtotheextentthatpeopleoftendescribesomethingtheyreallylikeastheir“cupoftea”？WhileweknowthatteadrinkstartedinChina，itstrueoriginremainssomethingofamystery.Legendhasitthatabout5,000yearsago，Shennongcameacrossteawhendriedleavesblewintoapotofboilingwater.Followinghisdiscovery，teawasusedasmedicine，includedinmealsandlaterofferedasarefreshingdrinktoofficialsandnoblemen.23Overtheyears，teadrinkingbecameanimportantpartofChina’srichculture.ThegreatTangpoetDuFudescribedhistea-drinkingexperienceinpoet