新高考英语二轮复习课时练第1部分阅读理解与阅读七选五专题2第2 依据线索词汇巧解阅读七选五 (含解析)

第2讲依据线索词汇，巧解阅读七选五细节线索类的试题要求考生更加注重文章中的细节，比如某个关键的单词或数字等。解答这类试题经常用到的方法有词汇复现法和代词指代法等。技法一词汇复现法(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ·片段)Mypartnerpostedherrequestonthenoticeboardofalocalpark.Hernoticeincludedwhatkindoftrainingshewantedtodo，howmanydaysaweekandhowmanyhoursshewantedtospendoneachsession，andherage.Italsolistedherfavoritesportsandactivities，andprovidedherphonenumber.39Youandyourpartnerwillprobablyhavedifferentskills.40Overtime，bothofyouwillbenefit—yourpartnerwillbeabletoliftmoreweightsandyouwillbecomemorephysicallyfit.Thecore(核心)ofyourrelationshipisthatyouwillalwaysbetheretohelpeachother.A．Yourfirstmeetingmaybealittleawkward.B．Aworkoutpartnerusuallyneedstolivecloseby.C．You’llworkharderifyoutrainwithsomeoneelse.D．Doyouwanttobeabetterathleteinyourfavoritesport?E．Howcanyouwriteagood“seekingtrainingpartner”notice?F．Justacceptyourdifferencesandlearntoworkwitheachother.G．Anynoticeforatrainingpartnershouldincludesuchinformation.39．答案G解析空处位于段尾，应该是总结性的句子，上文列出了寻找锻炼伙伴的布告所要包括的信息。所以G项“任何寻找锻炼伙伴的布告都应包括这些信息”总结上文，符合语境。G项中的notice是本段第二句中notice的原词复现。故选G。40．答案F解析根据上文“Youandyourpartnerwillprobablyhavedifferentskills.”以及下文“Overtime，bothofyouwillbenefit”可知，F项“接受你们的不同，学会彼此合作”符合语境。differentskills对应F项中的differences。故选F。技法二代词指代法(2022·全国甲·片段)MakingRequests39.InPortugal，thiswouldbeaseriousmistake，becauseitshowsthechefthatyoudon’tliketheirseasoningskills.Similarly，inItaly，neveraskforextracheesetoaddtoyourfood.Someoftheseculturaldiningetiquetterulesmayseemrandomandstrange，buttheyareimportantinvariouscountries.40，themorecomfortableyou’llbegintofeelwithitsforeignculturalpractices.A．ThemorefriendsyoumakeinyourlifetimeB．ThemoretimeyouspendinanygivencountryC．MexicansconsideritinappropriatetoeatwithutensilsD．Don’tgetcaughtmakinganembarrassingmistakeatarestaurantE．It’sagoodsignforthechefifyoumakeamessaroundyourplateF．NeverstickthemuprightinyourfoodorcrossthemasyouusethemG．Itmayseemlikeasimplerequesttoaskforsaltandpepperatameal39．答案G解析根据本段小标题可知，本段主要讲述的是用餐时提请求的问题。根据下文“InPortugal，thiswouldbeaseriousmistake，becauseitshowsthechefthatyoudon’tliketheirseasoningskills.”可知，G项(吃饭时要盐和胡椒看似一个简单的请求)符合此处语境，下文中的代词this指的就是此项中的“toaskforsaltandpepperatameal”。且该选项中的request是原词复现。故选G。40．答案B解析根据下文“themorecomfortableyou’llbegintofeelwithitsforeignculturalpractices”可推知，此处指在一个国家待得越久，就会越习惯当地习俗，且此处是“the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..”结构，B项符合文意，引出下文。且下文的代词its指的就是该项中的anygivencountry。故选B。AWhyDoBridesWearWhite?Inmanysocietiesthecolorwhitehasbeenassociatedwithpurityandvirtue，andthatisonereasonwhysomebrideschoosetowearwhite，especiallyintheWest.Usually，youwillhearthatbrideswearwhitebecause“it’satradition”．But，historically，whitewasnottheonlycolorconsideredforweddingdresses.1FormanycenturiesinWesternsocieties，weddingdresseshaddifferentcolors.2Bridestendedtobuyaweddingdressthatcouldbewornagain，ortheysimplyworethebestdresstheyalreadyowned.Andwhiteisnotpractical:itisdifficulttokeepcleanandisthereforenotidealformanysituationsorforrepeatedwear.Manybrideschosetoweardressesofothercolorsfortheirweddingandbeyond.3TheydosolargelythankstoatrendthatstartedwithQueenVictoria’s1840weddingtoPrinceAlbert.4Althoughnotinasmanydifferentmediaaswehavenow，theystillhadatendencytobetrendsetting.SoVictoriachosetowearawhitegown(女礼服)—reportedlytoshowoffthefinedetailedHonitonlaceproducedbytheBritishlaceindustry，whichwasdepressedatthetime.Herfashionchoicewaswidelyreportedinnewspapersandmagazines.5Eventually，thetrendofawhiteweddinggownspreadacrossalleconomiclevelsanditwasstrengthenedas“tradition”inthe20thcentury.A．Sowhydosomanyoftoday’sbrideswearwhite?B．Butwhyarebridessoparticularabouttheirdresses?C．Royalweddingsinthoseyearsreceivedalotofreporting.D．Itreflectedthegrowthoftheweddingindustryatthattime.E．Itsooninfluenceddomesticandinternationalweddingtrends.F．Infact，othercolorswerechosenfarmorefrequentlythanwhite.G．Thiswasforreasonsofbeingpracticalasmuchasanythingelse.eq\x(语篇解读这是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了新娘选择白色婚纱的原因。)1．答案F解析根据上一句可知，从历史上看，白色并不是婚纱的唯一颜色，因此设空句应对此进行进一步的解释或总结。选项F(事实上，人们选择其他颜色的频率远远高于选择白色)呼应了前文的白色不是唯一的选择，而且提及了其他颜色，符合语境。故选F项。2．答案G解析G项中的practical对应下文“Andwhiteisnotpractical”中的practical。故选G项。3．答案A解析下一句解释了为什么“她们”会选择白色婚纱，因此设空句应是问句，涉及关于选择白色婚纱的问题。故选A项。4．答案C解析设空句为本段主旨句。根据后文内容可知，通过媒体，维多利亚女王的婚纱受到了关注，因此本段主要讲述了皇室婚礼与媒体的关系。故选C项。5．答案E解析根据上一句可知，她的时尚选择被报纸和杂志广泛报道。因此设空句应是解释广泛报道的影响，故选E项。BThevastmajorityofparentsexpecttheirchildrentogrowuptobehealthy，happy，andproductivemembersofsociety.1Ifwedon’tgiveparentingeverythingwe’vegot，ourkidswillwindupunemployed，livinginourbasements，andtherewillbenoonetoblamebutourselves.That’swhatIliketocallthe“perfectparentmyth”．Thestandardsofperfectionforparentsthesedaysareextremelyhigh.Perfectparentingexpectationsbeginwithadrugfreenaturalbirth.Onceouryoungarebornwemustbreastfeedeachbabyforyears.Ifwecan’tbreastfeed，wemustatleastfeedondemand.2Let’salsonotforgettoorganizeourchildren’sdayssotheyareengagedineducationalpursuitsincasetheyfallbehindthecurve(弯道)．Wemustbeinvolvedineveryaspectofourchildren’sschools.Thereisnofreetimefortheperfectparent.3Thesestandardsareunreasonable.They’realsocrazy.Parentscan’tbeperfect.Why？Becausewe’rehumanandsoareourchildren.4Theyarepredictableandwhentheyareunrulywecanshutthemdown.Parentingisnothinglikethat.5But，bytheparentbeinglessthanperfect，thechildwillneedtoadaptanddevelopskillstoovercomelittledisappointments.Thereisflexibilityandroomforreal-lifemistakesandlimitationstoourparentingabilities.A．Wemustmakeourownbabyfood.B．Theyarepushingthemselvestoofar.C．Robotswouldbemucheasiertoparent.D．Thereisonlyunlimiteddevotiontoourchildren.E．Agoodenoughparentmeetstheneedsoftheirchildren.F．Parentshavenoenoughtimetoliveuptothesehighstandards.G．Tomeetthosegoals，parentsaretoldthattheymustsparenoeffort.eq\x(语篇解读这是一篇议论文。文章阐述并分析了“完美父母谬论”。)1．答案G解析根据空前一句和空后一句可知，父母对孩子有很多期望，如果孩子最后没有成功就只能怪父母付出得不够，所以推测空处讲述父母为了让孩子成功应该奉献一切，G项承上启下，G项中的thesegoals呼应前一句中“tobehealthy，happy，andproductivemembersofsociety”。2．答案A解析结合空前两句可知，此处是讲述喂养孩子方面对父母的高标准，A项符合语境。3．答案D解析根据本段内容及空前一句可知，完美父母的标准很苛刻，没有空闲时间，D项符合语境，句式与空前一句一致，意义上形成对比。4．答案C解析根据空前的“we’rehuman”空后的“theyareunruly”“shutthemdown”可知，C项符合题意。空后的They指的是C项中的Robots。5．答案E解析根据空后一句可知，空处与下文是转折关系，应是描述完美父母的情况，E项符合语境。强化练(十九)阅读七选五(2)AThreeThingsWeMustDotoTackleClimateChangeWithworldleadersmeetingattheinternationalclimatechangeconferencethisAugustinGlasgowtodiscussurgentglobalactiontomeetoneofthegreatestchallenges，manypeoplestilldon’tknowwhatmustbedone.1However，thegoodnewswegetfromthereportisthatitisnottoolatetoavoidtheworstimpactsofclimatechange，ifwerespondrapidlyanddecisively.Buthow？Itcomesdowntothefollowingthreethings.Stopusingfossilfuelsgradually.2Thatmeansnoexploration，nonewwells，mines，pipelines，orpowerplants.Wealreadyhaveavastamountoffossilfuelinfrastructure(基础设施)，anditwilltakedecadestoenditsuse.3Sunandwindarethefastest-growingnewsourcesofenergywehave.Theircostshavefallensharply，makingthemtheleastexpensiveoptionsandencouragingtheadoptionofcleanenergyinmoreandmorelocations.Protecttheworld’sforests.Forestsallovertheworldcurrentlyabsorbaboutathirdofthecarbondioxideouractivitiessendouttotheatmosphere.4Andthismuststop.Tomeettheplanet’sgrowingfoodneeds，expertsurgeimprovedmanagementpracticesonalready-clearedlandratherthanclearingnewland.Finally，itishightimethatwejoinedhandstoprotecttheonlyhomewehave.Ifso，wecantakeonthechallengeaswewouldwhateverthedifficultyis.5Thethreeactionswesuggestareessentialforsuccess.A．Boostthedevelopmentofnewtechnology.B．Speeduptheuseofclean，renewableenergy.C．Thealarmingmessagesreleasedurgedustochangeourlifestyle.D．Toachievethis，wemustallownonewdevelopmentofcoal，oilandgas.E．The“codered”reportfromtheconferencegreatlyshockedmanypeople.F．WeareonamissiontosaveplanetEarth，itspeopleanditsnaturalwonders.G．Tropical(热带)forestsareespeciallyatriskandstillbeingclearedforagriculturaluses.eq\x(语篇解读这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了人们可以做三件事情来应对气候变化。)1．答案E解析根据空后“However，thegoodnewswegetfromthereport...thefollowingthreethings”可知，空处和空后为转折关系，空后提到了报告中的好消息，可推知空处是在描述在格拉斯哥召开的国际气候变化大会提出了让人震惊的报告，告诉人们气候变化的后果非常严重。E项符合语境。2．答案D解析根据本空前一句和后一句可知，本段号召人们不要使用化石燃料，所以为了实现这一目的，我们必须禁止煤炭、石油和天然气的新开发。D项承上启下，且“coal，oilandgas”对应前文的化石燃料。3．答案B解析根据本空后一句可知，开发利用新型的清洁和可再生能源是应对气候变化的重要方法。B项符合语境。4．答案G解析根据本段的第一句可知，保护森林非常重要，本空后一句表明这必须停止，因此空后的this应该指代森林破坏这件事。G项为this指代的内容，符合语境。5．答案F解析根据本段第一句可知，作者在最后号召大家行动起来保护我们唯一的家园，我们要去拯救地球，上文建议的三个行动对成功至关重要。F项符合语境。B(2022·河南大联考三模)Truebeautyisnotfoundinlooks.1Changingthewayyouthinkaboutbeautywillgiveyoulife-longconfidence.Placeyourbeautyinyouridentitybutnotyouridentityinyourbeauty.Ifyouholdontoyouthfulbeautyasanarrowdefinitionofyourself，youwon’tenjoyyourlooksasyouage.2Mirrorstellusonlyapartofwhatweshowtotheouterworld.Gopastyourreflectionandseetherealself!Thefountainofyouthdoesn’texist.Despitemanyanti-agingproducts，thereisnomagicsolutiontostoppingtheeffectsofaging.Youshouldstopdevaluing(贬低)yourselfjustbecauseyouaregettingolder.Aimforahealthylifeandkeepyourselfstrongandfit.Eathealthydietandbecommittedtoadailyexerciseroutine.Lotsofeffortsareneeded.3Beautyrelatestophysicalandpsychologicalaspects.4However，SerenaWilliamsneverhidesherunusualmuscularphysique.Instead，hershowinghermusclesenhancesherappeal.Manyfansthinksheisbeautiful.Thisprovesthatlookingbeautifulandattractivegoesbeyondourlooks.5Beautymatterstoallwomen，buttothosewhoagebeautifully，itmattersneithertoomuchnortoolittle.Doenjoyourlivestothefullest.Truebeautyisaboutacceptingyourself.Itisalsoaboutfeelinggoodaboutyourself.A．Everyonedoesit.B．Itcomesfromtheinside.C．Gobeyondyourmirrorimage.D．Youwillfeelbetteroveralongterm.E．It’shumannaturetobelievebeautyiseverything.F．Peoplegenerallythinkbeautyisonlyaskin-deepissue.G．Belessscaredofagingandyouwilllookmorebeautiful.eq\x(语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何正确地看待“美”。)1．答案B解析根据上文“Truebeautyisnotfoundinlooks.”可知，真正的美不在于外表，B项承接上文，指出真正的美在于内在，It指代的就是Truebeauty。2．答案C解析根据本空后两句可知，镜子只能告诉我们展现给外部世界的一部分。别只关注你的镜像，看看真实的自我，C项正好概括这一话题，mirrorimage与Mirrors相呼应。3．答案D解析根据本空前两句可知，吃健康的饮食，坚持每天锻炼，这需要很大的努力，D项总结了这样做的好处。4．答案F解析根据后一句中的However表示转折，可知此处是说人们认为美只在于外表而忽略了通过外表体现出来的自信，F项与下文形成转折，从而引出下文Williams通过展示别人并不认为是“美”的肌肉来体现自己强大的自信这一例子。5．答案G解析根据本空后一句可知，美丽对所有女性都很重要，但对那些优雅着老去的女性来说，这算不上什么问题，G项与之话题一致，指出女性不要害怕变老，优雅着老去也是一种美。CASimpleGuidetoaHealthyDietHerearethehealthyfoodsyoushouldeatmoreandtheunhealthyonesyoushouldeatless.Eatmorenutsandseeds.Theyhaveanincrediblypowerfulmixtureofhealthyfats，fiberandotherimportantnutrients(营养)．1Forexample，theyhaveawiderangeofbeneficialeffectsonyourliversandonyourbrainfunctionsasyouage.Regularlyeatingaproperamountofnutsandseedscanalsohelpyoustopweightgain.Eatmorefruitsandvegetables.Itshouldcomeasnosurprise.Andtheydon’thavetobefreshtobehealthy.2Ifyoucangetcannedfruitsorvegetablesthatdon’thavealotofsaltorsugar，that’sfine，too.3There’sabout400%moresaltinprocessedmeatthaninunprocessedone.Themostobviousproblemwithtoomuchsaltisthatitraisesyourbloodpressure，whichcanleadtoheartattacks.Butifyoureallyloveit，youcanwashitoffwithtapwatertogetridoftheextrasaltbeforeitiscooked.Stayawayfromsugarydrinks.4Inparticular，suchsweetdrinksarelinkedtoamuchhigherriskofobesity(肥胖症)andheartattacks.Inshort，healthyeatingcanbeeasyifyoufollowthissimplerule：5A．Shyawayfromsaltybaconandsandwich.B．Reducetheconsumptionofprocessedmeat.C．Iftheydon’thavealotofsugar，itwouldbefine.D．Suchnutrientsareveryimportantforyourhealth.E．Ifyoucangetfrozenfruitsorvegetables，that’sgreat.F．Sticktoeatingfreshandgreenwhileavoidingtoomuchsaltandsugar.G．Liquidsugarfromsodaandenergydrinksistheworstwaytoconsumesugar.eq\x(语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了健康饮食应该注意的几个方面。)1．答案D解析根据本空前一句和后一句可知，上下文都提到了坚果中的脂肪、植物纤维等营养元素及其益处，空处承上启下，说明这些营养物质对健康的重要性。D项符合语境。2．答案E解析根据本空前一句和后一句可知，空处承上启下，说明冷冻的水果和蔬菜也是可以的，E项中的“frozenfruitsorvegetables”和上文的“don’thavetobefresh”对应。E项符合语境。3．答案B解析空处为段落主题句。根据本空后一句可知，本段主要是讲加工过的肉类中盐含量过高的问题。B项符合语境。4．答案G解析根据本空前一句可知，本段主要讲述的是要远离含糖饮料的问题，G项中的“Liquidsugarfromsodaandenergydrinks”和上文的“sugarydrinks”对应。G项符合语境。5．答案F解析根据上文“Inshort，healthyeatingcanbeeasyifyoufollowthissimplerule”可知，此空位于文章的末尾，是对全文进行总结，建议我们要坚持吃新鲜的和绿色的食物，避免摄入过多的糖和盐。F项符合语境。DAreyounewtoexperiencingrelationships?Fortunately，there’salwayssomeadviceonhowtohaveahealthyrelationshipwithyourpartners.1Don’thidethingsfromthem，norlietothem.Don’tbeafraidtosaythingsthataren’tveryflatteringaboutyourself.Gettingthemtotrustyouisthemostimportantelementinanyrelationship.Ifthere’snotrust，there’snothingthere.Honestyisalwaysthebestpolicy.Showrespecttothem.Respectisn’tjustsimplytreatingthemnicely.2Youhavetolearntoadjusttotheirliking.Basically，learntostudyyourpartners’moods，wantsandneeds.Don’tjustthinkaboutyourself，butthinkaboutwhatyourpartnersneedoutofitaswell.Trytobeencouragingtoyourpartners.Alwaysbewillingtohelpthemandgivethemhonestyandpositiveenergyatthesametime.Makethemfeelyouaresomeonetheycanreallycountonandbuildafuturewith.3Equipyourselfwithagoodsenseofhumor.Laughtermayseemsilly，butit’sthesecretto