高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一册 Welcome unit 语法：八大基本句型素材

1、SV(主语+谓语)Class│begins.Thepoorman│died.Theredsun│isrising.Whathewillsay│doesnotmatter.Theboy’sdream│cametrue.Theplane│haslanded.Thewritingclass│hadjustbegun.You│cantakepart.→主语+不及物动词(短语)常见的不及物动词有：rise、matter、begin、come、go、happen、last、appear、work、cometrue、takeplace等2、SVO(主语+谓语+宾语)Thestudent│hasknown│theanswer.He│doesn’tknow│them.You│shouldnotgiveup│studying.He│refused│tohelpthem.Tim│said│thathecouldspeakChinese.She/willmake/newfriends.Everyoneintheteam/exchanged/cellphonenumbers.She/loves/dancing.Ourschool/willhold/asportsmeeting.Myhobbies/include/travellingandswimming.→主语+及物动词(短语)+宾语用作宾语的有：名词、代词、不定式、动名词、从句等。3、SP(主语+表语)Somegirls│arehappyandexcited.This│isanEnglish-Chinesedictionary.Yourstory│soundsinteresting.Hisface│turnedred.Thebaby│fellasleepsoon.Thegirl│remainedawakeallthenight.Hisadvice│isofgreathelp.Myfather’shope│isthatIcangohomefrequently.Thecake/tastes/sweet.She/was/alittleanxious.Allofthem/were/amazed.Thesesuggestions/are/ofgreathelp.→主语+系动词+表语系动词有：①be动词类:am、is、are、was、were②感官动词类:look、sound、feel、smell、taste等③渐变动词类:get、grow、become、turn、go、fall等④静态动词类:keep、remain、stay等表语由名词、形容词、介词短语、不定式、从句充当。

4、SVIODO(主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语)Hercousin│gave│her│anewdress.He│showed│me│howtorunthemachine.I│told│him│thatthebuswaslate.Wouldyouplease│pass│me│thatdictionary?=Wouldyouplease│pass│thatdictionarytome?He│bought│hismother│anewsweater.=He│bought│anewsweaterforhismother.Myfather/bought/me/acomputer.MrLin/gave/us/anencouragingtalk.You/hadbetterbuy/yourfriend/asmallgift.You/canoffer/me/someinformation.→主语+谓语动词+间宾(人)+直宾(物)间宾前用介词to的动词有give、tell、teach、write、bring、lend、hand、show、offer、send、pay、order等。间宾前用介词for的动词有buy、fetch、save、choose、sing等。5、SVOC(主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语)They│kept│thedoor│green.He│had│me│standingallthemorning.He│made│thegirl│cryjustnow.I│saw│them│gettingonthebus.Ioften│find│him│atwork.He│asked│me│tocomebacksoon.He│requested│me│nottomakenoises.He/found/thehomework/easy.Myteacher/wants/me/tospendmoretimereading.We/mustkeep/ourschool/clean.I/wish/you/totellmethetruth.Weall/hear/him/readEnglishaloudeverymorning.→主语+谓语动词+宾+宾补该句式常用于三类动词:①使役动词:keep、make、let、have、leave、get等②感官动词:see、watch、notice、observe、find、catch、lookat、listento、hear、feel、smell等③ask/tell/order/request/permit/persuade/...sbtodosth等。用作宾语补足语的可以是：形容词、介词短语、动词-ing、不定式、副词、过去分词等。

6、SVA(主语+谓语+状语)Everything│goes│well.Thepen│writes│smoothly.He│hasbeenstanding│there.They│talked│forhalfanhourlastnight.Hisparents│haveworked│inthecompanyfortenyears.She│wasreading│whenhermothercamein.Thebaby/slept/peacefully.Thelesson/continued/foranotherhour.Theexhibition/willstart/onJune21andlast/foraweek.Hopefully,/you/cantakepart.I/willwork/hard.状语是：用于修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子的一种成分,表示时间、地点、方式、原因、目的、结果等。可用：副词、介词短语、从句等作状语。7、SVOA(主语+谓语+宾语+状语)Thegirl/enjoys/reading/inthemorning.Theman/raised/hisarms/abovehishead.He/refused/tohelpthem/atlast.She/wasdoing/herhomework/intheclassroom.He/put/thedictionary/inthebackpack.I/saw/her/justnow.She/stopped/teachingEnglish/twoyearsago.She/respondedto/myletter/quickly.8、Therebe...存现句（在某处有某物）Thereis/ateacherandtwogirlsinourclassroom.Therewere/twoboysandagirlunderthetreejustnow.Therearen’t/anypicturesonthewall.Therelives/atigerintheforest.Thereseems/tobesomethingwrongwiththemachine.Therehappened/tobenobodyaround.Thereis/a