名词性从句语法复习

GrammarandUsageM3U1名词性从句的定义definition名词性从句的连接词conjunctions名词性从句的分类classificationNounClause在句子中起名词作用的句子叫做名词性从句。主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。从属连词、连接代词、连接副词。名词性从句的连接词conjunctions名词性从句的定义definition在句子中起名词作用的句子叫做名词性从句。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组，它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、介词宾语、表语、同位语等。Hisjobisimportantsubject主语）Idon'tliehisjobIdon'tliewhathedoeseverydayobject（宾语）名词性从句的定义definition在句子中起名词作用的句子叫做名词性从句。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组，它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、介词宾语、表语、同位语等。Idon'tnowtheman,MrWhiteIdon'tnowthefactthatMrWhiteisateacher

appositive（同位语）ThisishisjobThisiswhathedoeseverydaypredicative（表语）名词性从句的分类classificationNounclausessubjectclauses（主语从句）objectclauses（宾语从句）predicativeclauses（表语从句）appositiveclauses（同位语从句）Wecanuseanounclauseasthesubjectofasentence用一个从句充当主语ThatIcaneisnotyetnowWhytheyhavenotleftyetisnotclearsofarSubjectclauses（主语从句）Wecanuseitasapreparatorysubject“it”做形式主语为了平衡句子结构，多数主语都可以用it代替，把主语从句放在句尾。只能用it做形式主语，而不能将主语从句放在句首的有以下几个句型：Subjectclauses（主语从句）①ItisanhonorthatIhavebeeninvitedtohisbirthdayparty真荣幸我被邀请参加他的生日晚会。Itben/adjthat主语②IthappenedthatIhavereadthestorybefore碰巧我以前读过这个故事。Itseemed/appeared/happeded等不及物动词及短语that从句③Itdoesn’tmatterwhetheryouagreeornot你是否同意都没关系。Itdoesn’tmatterwhether/how从句Objectclauses（宾语从句）Wecanuseanounclauseastheobjectofasentence:Verb动词ShebelievedthathehadnottoldherthetruthIwonderif/whetherthat’sagoodideaPollydidn’tnowwhichwaysheshouldgoThisshowsusthatheisrightinterestedinwhothattallmanisTherewasadiscussionaboutwhetheranObjectclauses（宾语从句）Adjective形容词I’msurethatourteamwillwinI’mafraidthatyoudon’thaveenoughmoneytobuythatcarsure,glad,afraid,surprised,satisfied,sorry等表示感情的形容词…Objectclauses（宾语从句）WecanuseitasaadeitclearthatnobuseswillberunningFind,feel,consider,mae,believe,tae,hate…等后有宾语补足语时，常用it作形式宾语Objectclauses（宾语从句）Predicativeclauses（表语从句）Wecanuseanounclauseasthepredicativeofbe连系动词ThetruthisthatthefogistoothicforthebustorunthatfarMyquestioniswhethereThisisbecauseyoudidn’tlistentomeIf不引导表语从句Because,asif/asthough可以引导表语从句。Appositiveclauses（同位语从句）Wecanuseanounclauseastheappositiveofasentence用一个从句充当同位语ShehadafeelingthatshewasbeingwatchedWearenotinvestigatingthequestionwhetherheistrustworthyYouhavenoideahowworriedIwas!Ho,fact,ise…抽象名词！If不能引导ACisnolongerwhatitusedtobetruththattheearthturnaroundthesunisnowntoallwassnowingwhenhearrivedatthestationheanagertochangetheesoonseyesterdaywasreallydisaembertheteacherwhotaughtusEnglishatmiddleschool10IwonderwhysherefusedmyinvitationPleasejudgewhethertheyarenounclausesornotandwhatindofnounclausestheyarePCACNoSCACNoPCOCNoOC名词性从句的引导词conjunctions从属连词subordinatingconjunctionThat,whether,if(asif,asthough）That

无意义，if和whether有“是否”之意，均不充当任何成分连接代词（9个）conjunctivepronounsWho,whoever,what,whatever,whom,whomever,which,whichever,whose有意义，在从句中充当成分连接副词（7个）conjunctiveadverbsWhen,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however均有意义，在从句中做状语thatwhat我们都是同盟，都可以引导名词性从句。我还可以在从句中做主语、宾语等成分，你行吗？ItisclearHelovesheratthefirstsightItisclearthathelovesheratthefirstsightWeareshortofmoneyItistheTheisthatweareshortofmoneyWecanusethattointroduceanounclausewhentheclauseisastatementNounclausesbeginningwiththatorwhether/ifstatementstatementSCPCTheradioannouncedsomethingThemistwouldbecomeathicfogTheradioannouncedthat/—themistwouldbecomeathicfogI’vecometoaconclusionItwasunwisetodothatI’vecometoaconclusionthatitisunwisetodothatstatementstatementOCACJustthenInoticed,forthefirsttime,________MrWhiteworehisfinegreencoat_______sheeversaidsuchathingIsiminchargeand________everyoneacceyleadershipIthinitnecessary______heshouldstayhereHesaid______studyingEnglishiseasy插入语That位于句首第二个that从句有it做形式主语从句主语为非谓语thatthatThatthatthatthat/—Theforeignfriendstellme______ChineseisoneofthemostdifficultlanguagetolearnHehasnosoestoomuchThat从句作直宾作介词宾语thatthatThat在宾语从句中不可省略的情况：有插入语或其他成分把宾语从句和主句分开时；从句位于句首时；当由两个that引导的从句作同一个动词或介词的宾语时，第二个that不可省略；当句子中使用了it作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语从句放在后面时；当宾语从句的主语为非谓语时；当that宾语从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时；作介词宾语时（形容词后的宾语可以省略）；Wethoughtitstrange________iaoWangdidn’tcomeyesterdayWehoewithusHetoldme_______hewasleavingforJapan

Hesaid_______theboowasveryinterestingand____allthechildrenlietoreadit

Ithinitnecessary_____heshouldstayhere

thatthatthatthatthatthat/—______ourteamwillwin,IbelieveWe learned at school _____ everything we see and touch is matterIwillnevertellanyone_____youhaveeverbeenthereJanerealiedatonce_____shemustdowithitherselfI’msorry_______Ibroeyourcupthat/—thatthatthatThat名词性从句的引导词conjunctionsthewordorderintoastatementcannotleaveoutwhether/ifinanycases从属连词subordinatingconjunctionThat,whether,if(asif,asthough）That

无意义，if和whether有“是否”之意，均不充当任何成分连接代词（9个）conjunctivepronounsWho,whoever,what,whatever,whom,whomever,which,whichever,whose有意义，在从句中充当成分连接副词（7个）conjunctiveadverbsWhen,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however均有意义，在从句中做状语Weuseiforwhethertointroduceanounclausewhentheclauseisayes/noquestionWechangethewordorderinaclauseafteriforwhetherintothatofastatementShewonderedWouldthebusesstillberunningShewonderedif/whetherthebuseswouldstillberunningyes/noquestionOCSCItisuncertainWillhewinthegameItisuncertainwhether/ifhewillwinthegameyes/noquestionWhetherhewillwinthegameisuncertainIf引导SC不能放句首。ItisthequestionCanwefinishitbytomorrowThequestioniswhetherwecanfinishitbytomorrowPCIf不可以引导PC。asif、asthough、because引导表语从句Itloosasif/asthoughyouarethefirstonetobehereThisisbecauseyoudidn’tlistentomeyes/noquestionItloos/seemsasif/asthough主句主语不能用reason。ThequestionhastroubledmealotWillhefollowmyadviceThequestionwhetherhewillfollowmyadvicehastroubledmealotIf不可以引导AC。ACyes/noquestion只能用whether,不能用if的情况所引导的从句作介词宾语时，只能用whether。Sheisnotcertainaboutwhethershehasdoneanythingwrong从句置于句首表示强调时，只能用whether。WhetheritisgoingtoclearuewonderingWhether this is true（or not），I can’t tell只能用whether,不能用if的情况只能用Whetherornot，而不可以用ifornot。IwanttonowwhetherornotthetraingoestoingStreetNoonenowswhetherornotthefogwillclearupthisafternoon引导PC、AC时，只能用whether,不能用if。 have not yet answered my question _____ I can join in the party tonight or not A whether         B if    C that    DwhichishisfavoritesubjectAIasedhimifBIasedhimthatwhetherCIasedhimwhichDIasedhimthatIdon’tcare_________yourcarbreasdownornotThisdeinedtodoit_________togoorstayisstillaquestionWewerediscussing___________weshoulddiscussthebusinesswiththem__________thenewsistrueremainsaquestionThequestion__________weshouldgowiththemmustbedecidedatoncewhetherwhetherwhether/ifWhetherwhetherWhether名词性从句的引导词conjunctionsthewordorderintoastatementcannotleaveoutquestionwordsinanycases从属连词subordinatingconjunctionThat,whether