高中英语选修七Unit2-Learning-about-Language

高中英语选修七Unit2-Learning-about-Language第一页，共47页。高二人教新课标版选修七Unit2RobotsLearningaboutLanguage第一页第二页，共47页。Billfeltgreatpleasurewhenhetriedhisnewfaxmachineanditworked.2.HefeltpityforClairebecauseshewasoverweightandneededtoloseaboutfivekilostolookslim.3.EventhoughJanetoldhimmanytimestogoaway

herbrotherstillaccompaniedhertothedoctor.

Rewritethesesentencesusingwordsorphrasesofsimilarmeaningfromthetexttoreplacetheunderlinedparts.

satisfaction,testedoutsympathyleave…alone第二页第三页，共47页。4.HergreatestwishwastolookaselegantasGladysClaffern.5.PleasecallmebeforeyoubuyanewdigitalcamerasoIcangowithyou.6.Shelooked

atthecomputerscreencarefullyhopingtofindsomenewemailsinhermailbox.

7.Itwasridiculousthathisownmotherwouldnottalktohimabouttheaffair.8.Hefelthappywhenhisbossstatedthathecouldsetasidesometimeforexercise.

desirering…

upscannedabsurddeclared第三页第四页，共47页。(News,16/04/2321)Historicalresearchshowsthatinthe22ndcenturymanypeopletoldstoriesabouthow,atonetime,peoplecouldbuyrobotsashousedecorators.Therobotswould_____theliteratureforthelatestideasinhomedecoration.Oftentherobotswould_______designsthatweregranderthantheirownerswanted.Brightlycoloured_________and_________wouldbesuggestedtogetherwithbrightlypatternedwallsandcarpets.2.Completethefollowingparagraphusingthewordsandphraseintheirproperforms.

turnaroundscanawfulalarmclerkcushiondeclarefavourbedding

scanfavourcushionsbeddings第四页第五页，共47页。Someofthe_______intheshopsthoughtthatthedesignswere_______.Whilesomeownerswerefirmwiththeirrobot’ssuggestions,otherswould______________andwalkoutoftheshop,feelingembarrassed.Afewotherrobotswouldevengetintophysicalfightswiththeirownersinpublicastheirelectricalsystemssometimeswouldsetofftheshops’_______.Afterawhilethegovernmentdecidedsuchbehaviourwasnotappropriateandpassedalaw_________robotsshouldnotleavethehouse.Sorobotsbecamehouseholdcleanersorindustrialworkersinstead!clerksawfulturn

aroundalarmsdeclaring第五页第六页，共47页。GrammarPassiveVoice第六页第七页，共47页。一、复习被动语态(RevisethePassiveVoice)英语动词有主动语态（theactivevoice）和被动语态（thepassivevoice）两种形式。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者;被语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如：Everyoneenjoysexcitingsports.(主动语态)Excitingsportsareenjoyedbyeveryone.(被动语态)第七页第八页，共47页。Musicisbeingtaught(byMissLi)now.转换规则：用公式表示为:(主动)S+V+OS(O)+V(be+V-ed)+by+O(S),如：MissLiisteachingmusicnow.

第八页第九页，共47页。一般进行完成现在am/is/aregiven过去was/weregiven将来shall/willbegiven时式二、常见主被动时态变化一览表am/is/arebeing

givenhas/havebeengivenwas/werebeing

givenhadbeen

givenshall/willhavebeen

given第九页第十页，共47页。1.Englishisspokenallovertheworld.2.Thewateris

being

turned

intovapour.3.Thoseroomshave

not

been

cleanedyet.4.Hewas

seentoentertheroom.5.Atthattimetheywere

being

shownhowtorunthemachine.第十页第十一页，共47页。6.Radioshad

just

been

inventedthen,andpeopleweretalkingaboutsendingpicturesbyelectricity.7.MadameCuriewillalwaysbe

remembered

asthediscovereroftheelementradium.8.Beforeyoucomeback,thebuildingwill

havebeenfinished.第十一页第十二页，共47页。不定式被动式的用法:不定式与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系时,要用不定式的被动式。不定式的一般被动式即表示其逻辑主语是不定式动作的承受者,又表示其动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生或在其后发生;不定式的完成被动式即表示其逻辑主语是不定式动作的承受者，又表示其动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前。第十二页第十三页，共47页。e.g.Heorderedthebridgetobebuiltwithinthemonth.他命令在月内建成这座桥。(一般被动式)Shewasgladtohavebeengivensomuchhelp.得到如此多的帮助,她很高兴。(完成被动式)第十三页第十四页，共47页。三.动词不定式的主动被动结构变化一览表一般式进行式完成式主动todotobedoingtohavedone被动tobedoneto

have

been

done第十四页第十五页，共47页。Themeetingtobeheldisofgreatimportance.(2)Thebridgeto

be

builtnextyearisjustbetweentheonebuiltlastyearandtheonebeingbuiltnow.(3)Thishouseseemsto

have

been

builtbyagoodarchitect.Moreexamples:第十五页第十六页，共47页。通常在believe,suppose,say,report等动词构成的句子中可以进行主动语态到被动语态以及被动语态和动词不定式的转换。如：TheysaythatMikeissickinbed.ItissaidthatMikeissickinbed.Mikeissaidtobesickinbed.据说麦克卧床不起.第十六页第十七页，共47页。Peoplebelievethathewaskilled.Itisbelievedthathewaskilled.Heisbelievedtohavebeenkilled.大家相信他被杀了。第十七页第十八页，共47页。当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者时，不定式一般要采用被动形式。一、不定式的被动形式有下列用法:1.作主语：Itisanhonorformetobeaskedtospeakhere.2.作宾语：SheaskedtobesenttoworkinXinjiang.3.构成复合宾语：Hewantedthelettertobetypedatonce.Shedidn’tlikeherselftobepraisedlikethat.第十八页第十九页，共47页。4.构成复合谓语：Thebooksarenotallowedtobetakenoutoftheroom.5.作定语：Areyougoingtothemeetingto

be

held

intheteachers’office?6.作状语：Shewastooyoungto

be

assignedsuchwork.第十九页第二十页，共47页。二、不定式有时还可以有完成式的被动式,在句中作主语、宾语、定语,或者构成复合宾语、复合谓语等。Itisagoodthingforhimtohavebeencriticized.(主语)Shepreferredtohavebeengivenheavierworktodo.(宾语)Hethoughtitanhonortohavebeeninvitedtotheparty.(复合宾语)Thebookissaidtohavebeentranslatedintomanylanguages.(复合谓语)Shewasthefirstwomantohavebeenelectedtosuchapost.(定语)第二十页第二十一页，共47页。三、不定式的主动形式表示被动在therebe结构中。例如：

Thereisalotofhomeworktodo.(也可用tobedone)

Thereisnotimetolose(tobelost).

2.在“n／pron+be+adj+todo”结构中。常用的形容词有easy,difficult,hard,impossible,nice,pleasant,light,heavy,fit,interesting,important,expensive,cheap,dangerous等。如：

Heishardtoconvince.Heisanimpossiblepersontoworkwith．第二十一页第二十二页，共47页。3.在“too…todo;enough…to…”结构中。如：

Theproblemistoodifficulttoworkout/(tobeworkedout)．Thehouseisbigenoughtolivein.4.在“with+n+todo”结构中。例如：

Withnothingtodo,helayinbed．

Withsomanyexercisestodo,Ican’tgotothecinema．第二十二页第二十三页，共47页。5.当不定式的逻辑主语在句中出现时。如：

Ihavealettertotypetoday．(I是totype的逻辑主语)

Doyouhaveanythingtosay?(you是tosay的逻辑主语)

6.当不定式隐含在forsbtodo结构中时。例如：

Thisisthebestbooktoread(=forus／youtoread)．

Theimportantthingtodoistolockthedoorwhenweleavethehouse．

7.一些作表语用的不定式的主动形式。常见的这类动词有let(出租),rent,hire,blame等。例如：

Thehouseistolet．

Ifeltlwastoblame.第二十三页第二十四页，共47页。NOTICE动词不定式主动语态形式的使用要比被动语态形式的使用普遍,有时(尤其在口语中)虽然意思上是被动的,也往往用主动语态形式来表示。Ihavethreemotors

torepairtoday.Thetaskisdifficulttofinishontime.第二十四页第二十五页，共47页。Thepurposeofnewtechnologiesistomakelifeeasier________itmoredifficult.(MET99)A.notmakeB.nottomakeC.notmakingD.donotmake2.I’veworkedwithchildrenbefore,soIknowwhat______inmynewjob.(MET2000)A.expectedB.toexpectC.tobeexpectingD.expects3.Havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouplesbutitremains______whethertheywillenjoyit.(MET2001)A.toseeB.tobeseenC.seeingD.seen不定式与高考题B

B

B第二十五页第二十六页，共47页。4.CharlesBabbageisgenerallyconsidered_____thefirstcomputer.(MET1993)A.toinventB.inventingC.tohaveinventedD.havinginvented5.Allenhadtocallataxibecausetheboxwas_______tocarryallthewayhome.(MET2003)A.muchtooheavyB.toomuchheavyC.heavytoomuchD.tooheavymuchC

A

第二十六页第二十七页，共47页。6.Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim______.(MET95)A.nottoB.nottodoC.notdoitD.donotto7.Therearefivepairs_____,butI’matalosswhichtobuy.(1999上海高考)

A.tobechosen

B.tochoosefrom

C.tochoose

D.forchoosingA

B

第二十七页第二十八页，共47页。8.____lateintheafternoon,Bobturnedoffthealarm.(2001年北京春季高考)

A.Tosleep

B.Sleeping

C.Sleep

D.Havingsleep9.Withalotofdifficultproblems____,thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime.(2002年上海春季高考)A.settledB.settlingC.tosettleD.beingsettledA

C

第二十八页第二十九页，共47页。10.Shewilltelluswhyshefeelssostronglythateachofushasarole_____inmakingtheearthabetterplacetolive.(2003上海春季高考)A.tohaveplayedB.toplayC.tobeplayedD.tobeplaying11.Inordertogainabiggershareintheinternationalmarket,manystate-runcompaniesaretrying_____theirproductsmorecompetitive.(2002上海春季高考)A.tomakeB.makingC.tohavemadeD.havingmadeB

A

第二十九页第三十页，共47页。12.Theteacheraskedus______somuchnoise.(2003北京春季高考)A.don’tmakeB.notmakeC.notmakingD.nottomake13.Allthesegiftsmustbemailedimmediately_______intimeforChristmas.(05年辽宁卷)A.inordertohavereceivedB.inordertoreceiveC.soastobereceivedD.soastobereceivingD

C第三十页第三十一页，共47页。

14.Iwouldlove_____tothepartylastnightbutIhadtoworkextrahourstofinishareport.A.togoB.havinggoneC.goingD.tohavegone15.Robertissaid____abroad,butIdon’tknowwhatcountryhestudiedin.A.tohavestudiedB.tostudyC.tobestudyD.tohavebeenstudying16.ItissaidinAustraliathereismorelandthanthegovernmentknows______.

A.whattodowithitB.whattodoitwithC.whattodowithD.todowhatwithitD

A

A

第三十一页第三十二页，共47页。17.Quiteafewpeopleusedtobelievethatdisaster_____ifamirrorwasbroken.

A.wassureofstrikingB.wassureofhavingstruck

C.wassuretobestruckD.wassuretostrike18.Johnwasmade_____thetruckforaweekasapunishment.

A.towashB.washingC.washD.tobewashing19.Shereachedthetopofthehillandstopped_____onabigrockbythesideofthepath.

A.tohaverestedB.restingC.torestD.restD

A

C第三十二页第三十三页，共47页。20.LastsummerItookacourseon_________.howtomakedressesB.howdressesbemadeC.howtobemadedressesD.howdressestobemade21.Thepatientwaswarned_____oilyfoodaftertheoperation.A.toeatnotB.eatingnotC.nottoeatD.noteat22.Thefluisbelieved________byvirusesthatliketoreproduceinthecellsinsidethehumannoseandthroat.(04)A.causingB.beingcausedC.tobecausedD.tohavecausedA

CC

第三十三页第三十四页，共47页。23.Tofetchwaterbeforebreakfastseemedtobearule________.A.toneverbreak

B.nevertobebrokenC.nevertohavebrokenD.nevertobebreaking24.Thetoolsintheworkshoparenotallowed______.A.takingoutB.totakeoutC.tobetakenoutD.beingtakenoutB

C

第三十四页第三十五页，共47页。25.Thedam_____bytheyear2012,willbenefitthewholecountry.A.beingcompletedB.tocompleteC.completedD.tobecompleted26.Herewefoundlittlesnow,asmostofitseemed_____blownoffthemountain.A.tohavebeenB.tobeC.thatitwasD.thatithadbeenD

A

第三十五页第三十六页，共47页。27.Hesaidsuchathingought____tohappen.A.tobenotallowedB.nottobeallowingC.nottohaveallowedD.nottobeallowed28.Shetoldmethatherproposalneeded_____intoconsideration.A.totakeB.tobetakenC.tobetakingD.tohavetakenD

B

第三十六页第三十七页，共47页。29.Thelocalhealthorganizationisreported____twenty-fiveyearsagowhenDr.Admbecameitsfirstpresident.A.tobesetupB.beingsetupC.tohavebeensetupD.havingbeensetupC

第三十七页第三十八页，共47页。30.Largesumsofmoney_____eachyearinpaintingthesteelworkofbridges,ships,andotherexposedstructures.A.havespentB.havetobespentC.havetospendD.spendB第三十八页第三十九页，共47页。1.Ifeelgreatlyhonored____intotheirsociety.(2008北京卷)A.towelcome B.welcomingC.tobewelcomedD.welcomed高考链接C

第三十九页第四十页，共47页。2.Whenaskedwhyhewentthere,hesaidhewassentthere_______foraspaceflight.(07江西卷)A.training

B.beingtrained

C.tohavetrained

D.tobetrained3.ThechildrentalkedsoloudlyatdinnertablethatIhadtostruggle_______.(07浙江卷)A.tobeheard

B.tohaveheard

C.hearing

D.beingheardD

A第四十页第