高中英语动词不定式课件

高中英语动词不定式课件第一页，共32页。Todothatsortofthingisfoolish。Iwanttoseeyouthisevening.Allyouhavetodoistofinishitquickly.Wefoundahousetolivein.ShecameheretostudyEnglish.

Iwarnedthepatientnot

toeatcoldwater

aftertheoperation.主语宾语表语定语状语宾补一、用法第一页第二页，共32页。1.作主语2)用it作形式主语用不定式(It+be+adj./n.+todosth)3)例外：

Itisnogood/nouse/nohelp+doingsth.

Itisnousearguingaboutit.

1)常用动名词LearningEnglishisveryimportant.ItisimportanttolearnEnglish.第二页第三页，共32页。2.作宾语1)v+只跟todolearn/agree/ask/offer/happen/pretend/promise/plan/intend/hope/wish/decide/

refuse/fail/manage…Shehopestofindabetterjob.Iwishtogowithyou.第三页第四页，共32页。2)v+只跟doingfinish/complete/enjoy/mind/practise/consider/suggest/advise/miss/avoid/admit/deny/permit/allow/forbid/imagine/understand/include/risk/delay…keep(on)/giveup/insiston/succeedin/feellike/putoff/beworth/beusedto/lookforwardto…Ienjoyplayingbasketball.Shepractisesplayingthepianoforanhoureveryday.但是advise/consider/allow/permit/forbid/admitsbtodosthHeadvisedgoingonatriptoGuangzhou.HeadvisedustogoonatriptoGuangzhou.第四页第五页，共32页。3)V+todo/doing区别不大。

begin/start/like/love/hate/dislike…4)v+todo/doing区别很大

forget/remember/stop/goonregret/try/mean/can’thelpneed/want/requiretrytodo努力做某事trydoing试着做某事regrettodo对要做的某事表示遗憾regretdoing对已做的某事表示后悔meantodo打算做meandoing意味着can’thelp(to)do不能帮忙做某事can’thelpdoing情不自禁做某事第五页第六页，共32页。need/want/require

sthneed/want/requiredoing=sthneed/want/requiretobedone某事需要被做第六页第七页，共32页。3.宾语补足语：1）ask类（v+sbtodosth）want/wish/order/like/wouldlike /helpforce/allow/permit/forbid/advise/consider…Sheaskedmetohelpher.Theteachertoldhimtocomeontime.

第七页第八页，共32页。2）感官动词类（V+sb.+dosth.）see/hear/notice/find/watch/lookat/hear/listento/feel/smell…Ioftenhearthemsingthesonginthenextroom.Wewatchedthemplayfootball.Theteachermademeanswerthequestion.但这些动词用于被动结构时，省去的to要加上。Theywereheardtosingapopsong.Hewasmadetoanswerthequestion.3）使役动词类（V+sb.+dosth.）make/let/have…第八页第九页，共32页。1.Hewasmade_________.goB.goneC.goingD.togo2.Thoughhehadoftenmadehislittlesister_____,todayhewasmade_____byhislittlesister.cry；tocryB.crying；cryingcry；cryD.tocry；cry第九页第十页，共32页。注意

B.动词不定式的否定式只须在to前加not.Myfatherdecidednottotakeupthejob.Theteachertoldusnottobelateagain.第十页第十一页，共32页。注意C.带疑问词的动词不定式在to前加疑问词。Mr.Linwillteachushowtousethecomputer.Canyoutellmewheretogetthebook?第十一页第十二页，共32页。注意D.作简短回答或避免不必要的重复时，动词不定式常常省去to后面的动词，只保留to。A:Wouldyouliketocometomyparty?Marywantedtousemybike,butIaskedhernotto(usemybike).B:Yes,I’dloveto(cometoyourparty).Mary想用我的自行车，但我叫她别用。第十二页第十三页，共32页。4.作表语doing表习惯性动作；todo表将来一次性性动作Mywishistobecomeascientist.MyjobisteachingyouEnglish.第十三页第十四页，共32页。5.作状语不定式：作目的、结果（only之后）和原因（v./adj.之后）分词：作时间、条件、伴随、结果和原因（句首）不定式作目的状语：不定式用作目的状语时，其句意特点很明显，通常在译成中文时可用“为了”来表示。Tosaveclasstime,ourteacherhasusstudentsdohalfoftheexercisesinclassandcompletetheotherhalfforourhomework.

Doctorsworkedthroughthenighttosavethelifeoftheinjuredman.第十四页第十五页，共32页。不定式作结果状语onlyto,enoughto,too…to,nevertoThattoolistooheavytoliftdirectlyThetemperatureishighenoughtochangewaterintosteam．Hewenthome,onlytofindthedooropenandeverythingwasgone.Heleft,nevertocomeback.第十五页第十六页，共32页。（2005.福建卷）—Cantheprojectbefinishedasplanned?

—Sure,______itcompletedintime,we’llworktwomorehoursaday.

A.havinggot

B.toget

C.getting

D.get（2005.广东卷）—Hehurriedtothestationonly______thatthetrainhadleft.

A.tofind

B.finding

C.found

D.tohavefound

（2005.重庆卷）Daddydidn’tmindwhatweweredoing,aslongasweweretogether,_____fun.

A.had

B.have

C.tohave

D.having第十六页第十七页，共32页。

6.作定语

todo将来的主动动作，tobedone表将来的被动动作（句中有逻辑主语时用todo，若是不及物动词，要加介词）

Ihavetwobookstoread.Haveyougotanything

tosay?He’slookingforaroomtolivein.Idon’thaveapentowritewith.Ihaveclothestowash,anddoyouhaveclothestobewashed?Thequestiontobediscussedisveryimportant.第十七页第十八页，共32页。不定式与它修饰的名词是逻辑上的动宾关系，且主语是不定式中的动词所表示动作的逻辑主语或在句中能找到其逻辑主语。Hehasalotofworktodotoday．Doyouhaveanythingmoretosay区别：AreyougoingtotheballtobeheldonNewYear’sEve？第十八页第十九页，共32页。1.Frankisthekindofpersonwhopeopleliketo________.makefriendwithB.makefriendsofC.makefriendsD.makefriendswith2.The

assistant

works

very

hard.

She

is

always

the

first

_____

and

the

last

_____.

A.

come,

leave

B.

coming,

leaving

C.

to

come,

to

leave

D.

to

come,

leaving解析：由only,last,next,序数词或形容词最高级修饰的名词常用不定式做定语。再如：Sheisalwaysthefirststudenttoarriveatschool.第十九页第二十页，共32页。二、动词不定式的形式一般式：

todo（表将来）一般被动式：tobedone进行式：tobedoing（表正在进行）完成式：tohavedone（表已经完成）完成被动式：tohavebeendone否定式:nottodo第二十页第二十一页，共32页。动词不定式的时态1.Iopenedthedoortoentertheroom.2.Mr.Smithisgoingtoattendthemeetingtobeheldtomorrow.㈠.一般式(todo).不定式的一般式所表示的动作（状态）同时（或几乎同时）发生，或之后发生。第二十一页第二十二页，共32页。㈡.进行式(tobedoing)1.Iamverygladtobeworkingwithyou.2.Heissaidtobecoming.如果谓语表示的动作（情况）发生时，不定式所表示的动作正在进行。动词不定式的时态第二十二页第二十三页，共32页。动词不定式的时态㈢.完成式（tohavedone)1.Iamsorrytohavekeptyouwaitingsolong.2.YouseemedtohavereadthenovelwrittenbyMr.Smith.如果谓语表示的动作发生在不定式之前。第二十三页第二十四页，共32页。Iopenedthedoor_____(enter)theroom.2.Mr.Smithisgoingto

attend

themeeting______(hold)tomorrow.3.Robertissaid____(study)abroad,butIdidn’tknowwhatcountryhestudiedin.4.Iamsorry____(keep)youwaitingsolong.5.Hedidn’tlike_____(laugh).6.

Heclaimed_____(badlytreat

)inthesuppermarketwhenhewasdoingshoppingyesterday.7.Theteachertoldus_____(be)late

again.toentertobeheldtohavestudiedtohavekepttobelaughedattohavebeenbadlytreatednottobe第二十四页第二十五页，共32页。三、疑问词+动词不定式用作主语、宾语等。Whentostarthasnotbeendecided.Idon’tknowwhattodo.Hecantellyouwheretogetthebook.Idon’tknowhowtodoit.第二十五页第二十六页，共32页。四、动词不定式的复合结构：1)forsb.todosth2)(Itis+性格adj+)ofsb.todosth性格adj：nice,kind,cruel,thoughtful,careful,careless…ItisveryimportantforustolearnEnglish.Itisdifficultforhimtofinishthetaskinsuchashorttime.Itisveryniceofyoutohelpme.Itwascarelessofhimtomakesuchamistake.第二十六页第二十七页，共32页。达标练习1.Fillintheblankswiththeproperformsoftheverbsgiven.I’mafraidit’llbeveryhardforyou_________(adapt)thisstoryforchildren.After__________(think)everythingover,shedecided_______________(notresign)herpost.You’dbetternotget__________(annoy)athisignorance.Allofusaresatisfied,sinceeverythingseems_____________(go)onsmoothly.toadaptthinkingnottoresignannoyedtobegoing第二十七页第二十八页，共32页。5.Itmightbebetter__________(try)______________(discuss)inhisownlanguageasheisn’tusedto_____________(speak)inEnglishyet.6._________(see)fromthehilltop,thelakeisextremelybeautiful.7.Ifyoucouldn’tgetanything_________(open)thebeerbottlewith,whynot________(try)__________(open)itwithyourteeth.8.WhenIopenthedoorInoticedsomeon